KEY WORDS: Doramectin, ivermectin, endo and ectoparasite, cattle, productivity.

Transcription

1 COMPARATIVE PRODUCTIVITY OF GROWING CATTLE TREATED WITH TWO INJECTIONS OF DORAMECTIN (200 MCG/KG) OR ONE INJECTION OF IVERMECTIN (630 MCG/KG) FOR PARASITE CONTROL R.C. LEITE 1 ; P.R. OLIVEIRA 1 ; L.CAPRONI JR. 2 ; O. UMEHARA 2 ; L.C.B. GONÇALVES 2 ; C. DEROZIER 3. 1 Esol de Veterinári UFMG, Cx. P. 567, Cep , Belo Horizonte, MG, Brzil. 2 Lortórios Pfizer Ltd., Ru dos Ingleses, Cep , São Pulo, SP, Brzil. 3 Pfizer Animl Helth, 235 Est 42 nd Street, NY, NY USA. SUMMARY: A study ws onduted in Brzil, from My to Otoer 1999, to ompre the nti-prsiti effiy nd produtivity effets of 2 suutneous injetions of dormetin (200 mg/kg) dministered 56 dys prt with tht of single injetion of ivermetin (630 mg/kg) in growing ttle. Ninety-six rossred mle ttle were rndomly lloted to 3 groups of 32 nimls, sed on odyweight. All nimls grzed the sme psture during the study. Tretments onsisted of either 2 injetions of dormetin (dys 0 nd 56), one injetion of ivermetin (dy 0), or no tretment (ontrols). Cttle weight, nemtode egg ounts, oproultures, tik ounts, tropil wrle nodule ounts, nd presene of srew worms were determined on dys 0, 28, 56, 84, 112 nd 140. Men fel egg ounts from ttle in oth medited groups were signifintly redued ompred to those of ontrols. Coproultures showed predominne of Cooperi spp. nd Hemonhus spp. On dys 84 nd 112, fel egg ounts of dormetin-treted ttle were signifintly (p<0.05) lower thn those for ivermetin-treted ttle. Tik ounts were lso redued in the dormetin- nd ivermetin-tretment groups ompred to those for ontrols. On dy 84, tiks ounts of dormetin-treted ttle were signifintly lower thn those of ivermetin-treted ttle. At the end of the 140-dy study, dormetin-treted ttle hd men weight gin of 11.3 kg nd 14.1 kg higher thn tht of ivermetin-treted ttle (p<0.05) nd ontrols (p<0.05), respetively. It is onluded tht, growing ttle treted with two injetions of dormetin (200 mg/ kg) dministered 56 dys prt hd etter produtivity nd prsite ontrol over 140-dy period, thn ttle treted with single injetion of ivermetin (630 mg/kg). KEY WORDS: Dormetin, ivermetin, endo nd etoprsite, ttle, produtivity. INTRODUCTION Prsite infesttions due to gstrointestinl nemtodes or externl prsites suh s Dermtoi hominis lrve (tropil wrle), Cohliomyi hominivorx lrve (srewworm myisis) nd the ttle tik Boophilus miroplus ssoited with the poor feeding nd hndling onditions, re the min use of the low ttle produtivity. The prsites re responsile for gret eonomi loss in the South Amerin ountries inluding Brzil (ENTROCASSO, 1987; HORN, 1987). The strtegi ontrol progrm of nemtode infetions using onventionl nthelmintis, improved the eef ttle weight gin in out 15 to 45 kg/niml in the entrl western regions of Brzil (BIANCHIN & MELO, 1985; BIANCHIN & HONER, 1987). The strtegi ontrol inluding etoprsitiides gretly improves the produtivity of the ttle (HONER & GOMES, 1990). Modernly, the endetoides of the mroyli ltone fmily hve een used for the simultneous ontrol of the endo nd etoprsites with single produt, with the dvntge over the onventionl produts due to lower numer of tretment required, redued mn lor, nd reduing the stress of hndling the nimls mny times. More reently, new long ting formultion of ivermetin (Ivome Gold Meril) ginst internl nd externl prsites hs een lunhed in the Brzilin mrket. This formultion given t dose of 1mL/50 kg (630 mg/kg) showed etter prsite ontrol (nemtode e.p.g., Dermtoi hominis nd Boophilus miroplus infesttions) ompred to non-treted or to one tretment with dormetin t 200 mg/kg in study onduted during 112 dys (CARVALHO et lii, 1998). In previous study, LEITE et lii (1997) otined etter prsite ontrol nd higher weight gin of dormetin given t two doses regimen of 200 mg/kg ompred to two injetions of ivermetin onventionl t 200 mg/kg during 140 dys. The ojetive ofthe present study ws to evlute the effet of two Rev. Brs. Prsitol. Vet., 9, 2, (2000) (Brzil. J. Vet. Prsitol.)

2 110 LEITE et lii injetions of dormetin dministered t dose rte of 200 mg/ kg or one injetion of ivermetin long-ting given t dose of 630 mg/kg on the prsite ontrol nd the produtivity of growing ttle during period of 140 dys. MATERIALS AND METHODS Study site nd nimls: The study ws onduted in ommeril eef ttle frm loted in Medeiros Neto County, Bhi Stte, Brzil during the period of My to Otoer A totl of 96 Red North ttle, 5 to 8 months old were used in the study. The nimls were seleted from igger herd nd lloted rndomly to three tretment groups (T1, T2 nd T3) of 32 nimls eh sed on ody weights. On dy -1, the nimls were identified y numered er tg, weighed nd rnked in desending order of ody weights. The three heviest nimls of the list were lloted to the three groups. The proedure ws repeted with the next three nimls of the list nd thus, suessively until ll 96 nimls were llotted to the three groups. Tretments: Animls of T1 group reeived no tretment nd served s negtive ontrols. The nimls of T2 group reeived two SC injetions of dormetin (Detomx TM Pfizer In.) t dose rte of 200 mg/kg (1 ml/50 kg) on dys 0 nd 56, nd the nimls of T3 group reeived SC injetion of ivermetin long ting (Ivome Gold TM Meril) t dose of 630 mg/kg (1 ml/50 kg) on dy 0. The three groups of nimls were grzed together for totl of 140 dys in the sme psture, t stoking rte of one niml per hetre. The nimls were fed on psture of Brhiri deumens with slt liks to provide dequte soures of C, P nd other tre elements. Prsitologil ssessment nd weighing opertions: Every time individul weights were olleted, nimls of the three groups were onfined the night efore without feed nd wter. Individul weights were tken t 28 dys intervl for the durtion of the study. From dy 0 nd every 28 dys therefter until the end of the study, individul fel smples were olleted for e.p.g. ounts. Eh time, pooled fel smples per tretment group were used for oproultures nd speies identifition. On those sme dys, the numer of femle tiks (pproximtely 4.5 mm or lrger) present on the right side of the ody of eh niml were ounted nd reorded. The totl numer of wrle nodules ontining live lrve of D. hominis, ws ssessed visully nd y plption on the whole ody surfe of eh niml nd reorded. The presene (Y=yes) or sene (N=no) of srewworm wounds in eh niml ws lso reorded. The study ws terminted on dy 140. Sttistil Anlysis: Body weights were nlyzed using generl mixed model repeted mesures nlysis of vrine. Pirwise omprisons etween tretments were mde for eh dt olletion time point (dy of study) using Fisher s proteted LSD. Tretment lest-squres mens were lulted for eh dy of study. Gin etween dy -1 nd dy 140 ws lulted for eh tretment using estimte sttements. Gin ws ompred etween tretments using estimte sttements. The eggs per grm of fees or tik ounts, were trnsformed y tking the nturl logrithm of the ount +1 for dt nlyses. The trnsformed e.p.g. s or tik ounts, were nlyzed using mixed model repeted mesures nlysis of vrine. Pirwise omprisons etween tretments were mde for eh dt olletion time point (dy of study) using Fisher s proteted LSD. Geometri mens were lulted y k-trnsforming the lest-squres mens. The signifine level ws set t lph = RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Weight Gin: Dormetin tretment t 2 doses regimen of 200 mg/kg given 56 dys prt, resulted in inresed men weight tht ws signifintly higher (p<0.05) thn one injetion of ivermetin long-ting dministered t dose of 630 mg/kg, from dy 84 to the end of the study on dy 140 (Tle 1 nd Figure 1). During the 140 dys, dormetin treted nimls hd men weight gin of 62.8 kg per niml tht ws signifintly higher (p<0.05) thn the 51.5 kg/niml gined y the nimls treted with ivermetin long-ting. Dormetin hd n improvement of 11.3 kg higher thn ivermetin long-ting nd 14.1 kg/niml higher thn the ontrol. The men weight gin of the ontrol group ws 48.7 kg/niml. CARVALHO et lii (1998) reported etter prsite ontrol nd higher weight gin of one tretment of ivermetin long-ting (630 mg/kg) ompred to one tretment of dormetin (200 mg/kg) in study of 112 dys. Men Weight (kg) Dys of Study Fig. 1 Arithmeti mens of ody weights t eh oservtion dy., = Between tretments, mens with dissimilr letters re signifintly Rev. Brs. Prsitol. Vet., 9, 2, (2000) (Brzil. J. Vet. Prsitol.)

3 Cttle treted with Dormetin or Ivermetin for prsite ontrol 111 Tle 1 Arithmeti mens of ody weights t eh oservtion dy. Dys on Test Control Dormetin Ivermetin Totl weight gin , = Between tretments, mens with dissimilr letters re signifintly Tle 2 Geometri men e.p.g. ounts on fel smples t eh oservtion dy. Dys on Test Control Dormetin Ivermetin , ,, = Between tretments, mens with dissimilr letters re signifintly CARVALHO et lii (1999) reported lso etter response of ivermetin long-ting when given t 2 doses regimen ompred to 2 dormetin in yer-long prsite ontrol progrm. In the present omprtive study, two doses of dormetin onventionl (200 mg/kg) ws superior thn one tretment with ivermetin long-ting (630 mg/kg). Prsitologil Assessment: The nemtode e.p.g. ounts following tretment with dormetin or ivermetin long ting were signifintly (p<0.05) redued ompred to the ontrol group during ll oservtion period fter tretment (Tle 2 nd Figure 2). Compred to ivermetin long ting, dormetin-treted nimls hd men e.p.g. ounts signifintly lower (p<0.05) on dys 84 nd 112 p.t. The oproulture results (Tle 4) Tle 3 Geometri men numer of tiks t eh ounting dy. Dys on Test Control Dormetin Ivermetin ,, = Between tretments, mens with dissimilr letters re signifintly EPG Dys of Study Geometri Men Tik Dys of Study Fig. 2 Geometri men e.p.g. ounts on fel smples t eh oservtion dy.,, = Between tretments, mens with dissimilr letters re signifintly Fig. 3 Geometri men numer of tiks t eh ounting dy.,, = Between tretments, mens with dissimilr letters re signifintly Rev. Brs. Prsitol. Vet., 9, 2, (2000) (Brzil. J. Vet. Prsitol.)

4 112 LEITE et lii Tle 4 Perent of nemtode speies identified in oproultures of pooled fel smples per tretment t eh oservtion dy. Dys on Test Nemtode speies Control Dormetin (2 x 200 mg/kg) Ivermetin (1 x 630 mg/kg) 0 Cooperi Hemonhus Oesophgostomum Strongyloides Cooperi * Hemonhus Oesophgostomum Cooperi * 96* Hemonhus Oesophgostomum Cooperi Hemonhus Oesophgostomum Cooperi Hemonhus Oesophgostomum Cooperi Hemonhus Oesophgostomum *Atul numer ounted. showed tht the predominnt speies of nemtode ws Cooperi, followed y Hemonhus nd Oesophgostomum. The tik ounts were lso redued in the dormetin or ivermetin treted groups ompred to the ontrol group (Tle 3 nd Figure 3). The geometri men tik ounts of dormetin-treted ttle were signifintly lower (p<0.05) fter eh tretment, i.e., on dys 28 nd 84, ompred to the ontrol. Also on dy 84, the men tik ount of dormetintreted ttle ws signifintly lower (p<0.05) thn ivermetin long ting. On dy 112, the tik ount of ivermetin-treted ttle ws similr to the ontrol, while dormetin ws higher thn the ontrol or ivermetin. Regrding Dermtoi hominis lrve or srewworm, only one nodule of D. hominis ws found in one niml of the ontrol group on dy 140 nd srewworm myisis ws found in only one niml of ontrol group on dy 28 nd in one niml of ivermetin long ting group on dy 84, nd thus, no nlysis ws done for these prsites. Two doses of dormetin t dose rte of 200 mg/kg ws more effetive thn ivermetin long ting given one t dose of 630 mg/kg in the redution of nemtode e.p.g. ounts in fel smples nd in the numer of tik ounts. Dormetin tretment resulted in signifintly higher (p<0.05) weight gin thn ivermetin long ting nd the ontrol nimls. Dormetin hd men weight gin of 62.8 kg/ niml ompred to 51.5 kg/niml fforded y the ivermetin long ting nd 48.7 kg/niml y the ontrol. Dormetin tretment hd men of 11.3 kg/niml higher weight gin thn ivermetin long ting nd 14.1 kg/niml higher thn the ontrol. No dverse drug effet ws oserved in either tretment groups. SUMÁRIO Um estudo foi onduzido no Brsil, no período de mio outuro de 1999, pr omprr efiái ntiprsitári e os efeitos n produtividde de 2 injeções suutânes de dormetin (200 mg/kg) dministrdos om 56 dis de intervlo ou injeção úni de ivermetin (630 mg/kg) em ezerros n fse de resimento. Novent e seis (96) ezerros mhos Red Norte, form distriuídos em 3 grupos de 32 nimis, sedo no peso orporl. Todos os nimis form mntidos em um mesmo psto durnte todo o período do estudo. Os trtmentos onsistirm em 2 injeções de dormetin (dis 0 e 56), um injeção de ivermetin (di 0) ou não trtdos (ontroles). O peso dos nimis e ontgens de ovos de nemtódeos por grm de fezes (o.p.g.), oproulturs e ontgens de rrptos, ernes, e iheirs form determindos nos dis 0, 28, 56, 84, 112 e 140. A médi de o.p.g. nos nimis dos grupos trtdos form signifitivmente reduzidos omprdos om médi dos nimis ontroles. A oproultur mostrou um predominâni de Cooperi spp. e Hemonhus spp. Nos dis 84 e 112, os números de o.p.g. do grupo trtdo om dormetin form signifitivmente (p<0,05) menores do que no grupo trtdo om ivermetin. As ontgens de rrptos tmém form reduzids nos grupos trtdos om dormetin e ivermetin omprds om o grupo ontrole. No di 84, s ontgens de rrptos no grupo trtdo om dormetin form signifitivmente menores (p<0,05) do que o grupo ivermetin. Ao finl do período de 140 dis do estudo, os nimis trtdos om dormetin tiverm um médi de gnho de peso de 11,3 kg e 14,1 kg miores do que os nimis trtdos om ivermetin (p<0,05) e o grupo ontrole (p<0,05) Rev. Brs. Prsitol. Vet., 9, 2, (2000) (Brzil. J. Vet. Prsitol.)

5 Cttle treted with Dormetin or Ivermetin for prsite ontrol 113 respetivmente. O trtmento om 2 injeções de dormetin (200 mg/kg) om intervlo de 56 dis teve um melhor produtividde e ontrole de prsits por um período de 140 dis do que um injeção de ivermetin (630 mg/kg). PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Dormetin, Invermetin, endo e etoprsits, ovinos, produtividde. REFERENCES BIANCHIN, I & MELO, H.J.H., (1985). Epidemiologi e ontrole de helmintos gstrointestinis em ovinos de orte nos errdos. In Cirulr Téni, 16. Emrp-CNPG, Cmpo Grnde, MS, 60 p. BIANCHIN, I & HONER, M.R., (1987). Helminth prsites of eef ttle in the errdo region of Brzil. Trop. Anim. Hlth. Prod. 19, CARVALHO, L.A.; BIANCHIN, I.; BRIDI, A.A.; MACIEL, A.E.B.; SANTOS, A.C.M.; MALACCO, M.A.F.; CRUZ, J.B.; BARRICK, R.A.; COX, J., (1998). Controle ntiprsitário em gdo de orte om endetoid de ção prolongd, em omprção om produto onvenionl. A Hor Veterinári. 18(106), CARVALHO, L.A.; BRIDI, A.A.; CRAMER, L.G.; LANGHOLF, W.K., (1999). Impt of n ivermetin longting injetle formultion on the produtivity of eef ttle. Pro. 17 th IINTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE WORLD ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENTE OF VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY, Copenhgem, Denmrk, August, 1999, Astrt, ENTROCASSO, C.M., (1987). Eonomi impt of gstrointestinl verminosis in the temperte limte res of South Ameri, with speil referene to Argentin. Pro. of the MSD AGVET Symposium. The eonomi Impt of Prsitism in Cttle. In ssoition with XXIII WORLD VETERINARY CONGRESS. Montrel, Quee, Cnd. Ed. W.H.D. Lening & Jorge Guerrero, p HONER, M.R.; GOMES, A., (1990). O mnejo integrdo de mos dos hifres, erne e rrpto em gdo de orte. Cirulr Téni, 22. Emrp-CNPG, Cmpo Grnde, MS, 60 p. HORN, S.C., (1987). Bovine etoprsites nd their eonomi impt in South Ameri. Pro. of the MSD AGVET Symposium. The eonomi Impt of Prsitism in Cttle. In ssoition with XXIII WORLD VETERINARY CONGRESS. Montrel, Quee, Cnd. Ed. W.H.D. Lening & Jorge Guerrero, p LEITE, R.C.; CAPRONI Jr., L.; MORO, E.; OLIVEIRA, P.R.; UMEHARA, O.; GONÇALVES, L.C.B. (1997). Comprtive effiy of progrm use of two doses of dormetin nd ivermetin in the ontrol of endo- nd etoprsite infesttions nd their produtivity of fttening ttle. Pro. 16 th INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE WORLD ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY. Sun City, South Afri, August, Astrt 040, p.13. Rev. Brs. Prsitol. Vet., 9, 2, (2000) (Brzil. J. Vet. Prsitol.)