PALEONTOLOGICAL CONTRIBUTIONS

Transcription

1 THE UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS PALEONTOLOGICAL CONTRIBUTIONS May 15, 1970 Paper 49 PERMIAN AND TRIASSIC CONODONTS FROM A SECTION AT GURYUL RAVINE, VIHI DISTRICT, KASHMIR WALTER C. SWEET The Ohi State University, Clumbus, Ohi ABSTRACT Eight cndnt species are represented in 20 prductive samples frm a sectin f Upper Permian and Lwer Triassic strata expsed at Guryul Ravine, in the Vihi District f Kashmir. Cndnts frm the lwest 68 feet f the sampled sectin represent the Anchignathdus typicalis fauna, which characterizes a zne that straddles the Permian-Triassic bundary in West Pakistan and elsewhere. Rcks abve the A. typicalis Zne at Guryul Ravine are crrelated with the Lwer Triassic cndnt znes f Negndlella carinata, Nespathdus dieneri, and NespathrIns eristagalli, which are best knwn frm the Salt Range and Trans-Indus Ranges f West Pakistan. These crrelatins crrbrate the cnclusins f TEICHERT, KUMMEL, and KAPOOR (1970) cncerning placement f the Permian-Triassic bundary in the Guryul Ravine sectin and indicate that an appreciable thickness f rck lng cnsidered t be Permian is in reality Early Triassic in age. INTRODUCTION Within the past few years, cndnts have been fund t be widespread in Lwer Triassic strata and their bistratigraphic utility is demnstrated by the fact that sequences f these fssils frm the Lwer Triassic f Pakistan, nrthern Italy, and western United States are identical r very clsely cmparable (SWEET, 1970; SWEET et al., 1970). Furthermre, because cndnts are small, remarkably resistant, and less restricted in their ccurrence t certain lithfacies than many ther grups f fssils, they can ften be cllected in abundance frm rcks that cntain n ther identifiable r diagnstic fssils. Thus study f the distributin f cndnts in cnnectin with that f ther fssils (particularly ammnids) shuld ultimately yield a highly refined bistratigraphy fr the Lwer Triassic, just as cmparable study f cndnts in cnnectin with gniatites has dne fr the Upper Devnian. As a means f testing and extending t ther areas the Lwer Triassic cndnt bistratigraphy wrked ut primarily in the Salt Range and Trans-Indus ranges f West Pakistan (SWEET, 1970), I have recently had the welcme pprtunity t study a suite f 35 large hulk samples frm marine Permian and Triassic rcks in Kashmir (Fig. 1). The samples were cllected by CURT TEICHERT (University f Kansas) n June 27, 1968, during a jint visit t Kashmir with BERNHARD KUMMEL (Harvard University), supprted by Natinal Science Fundatin Grant GA-996. In the field, TEICHERT was assisted by Dr. ASHOK SINGH f the Gelgy and Mining Department f Jammu and Kashmir. This cllectin was made especially in hpe that it may yield infrmatin n the cndnt znatin abve and belw the stratigraphie level which TEICHERT and KUMMEL diagnsed in the field as the bundary between the Permian and Triassic in this sectin. Ten f the samples sent t me were btained frm the upper 57 feet f the Permian Zewan Series and the balance were taken at mre r less regular intervals frm the lwer 124 feet f the superjacent Lwer Triassic beds. All samples were cllected frm an expsure n the east side

2 2The University f Kansas Palentlgical Cntributins Paper Apprximate scale, in miles // FIG. 1. Outline map f central Kashmir, shwing apprximate lcatin f the Guryul Ravine sectin. Map redrafted frm central prtin f a turist map f Kashmir, which is quite generalized../1 f Guryul Ravine, nrth f the village f Khuntriu, in the Vihi District f Kashmir. The sectin at Guryul Ravine (Fig. 2) has been described in several reprts (GnwiN-AUSTIN, 1866; HAYDEN, 1907; MIDDLEMISS, 1909), and TEICHERT, KUMMEL & KAPOOR (1970) have recently published additinal infrmatin abut this famus lcality. Thus the fllwing remarks are apprpriately limited t a discussin and stratigraphic evaluatin f cndnts frm strata adjacent t the Permian-Triassic bundary at Guryul Ravine. Stratigraphie and gegraphic cntext fr these remarks, and additinal infrmatin n the rck sequence, can be btained by cnsulting the reprts just mentined. PREPARATION OF SAMPLES Thirty-five samples frm the Guryul Ravine sectin, averaging 700 grams in weight, were crushed t fragments abut a centimeter in diameter and treated in a 15-percent slutin f acetic acid t remve carbnates. After abut a week, 25 samples were largely disaggregated by acid treatment. The insluble residues f 20 f

3 Sweet Permian and Triassic Cndnts these samples, which were cmpsed mstly f fine quartz sand, were further cncentrated in tetrabrmethane and a Frantz isdynamic magnetic separatr and yielded numerus cndntelements. Hwever, ten samples f siliceus sandstne r siliceus dark sandy shale were little affected by acid treatment r ther standard disaggregatin prcedures and n cndnt-elernents were btained frm them. Labratry preparatin f all samples was carried ut by Miss KRISTINE GABLE, student assistant at The Ohi State University. Bulk cllectins, frm which hyptypes were selected, are filed in the micrpalentlgical labratries at The Ohi State University, under the general catalg designatin "68TK." KASHMIR CONODONT FAUNAS All cndnt-elements recvered frm the 20 prductive samples frm the Guryul Ravine sectin are small and well preserved, but black in clr, which indicates that they have been smewhat altered thermally. The 1,022 elements cllected (Fig. 3) represent eight single- r multi- 3 Interval frm which samples K 23 K 57 were cl lected t _ frele,0 greyr be's k/ et,s. si120 becis FIG. 2. Schematic diagram f thc lwer prtin f the Guryul Ravine sectin. Cndnts were cllected frm 35 samples cllected in the interval bracketed. Frm Teichert, Kummel and Kapr (1970), wh mdified the sectin frm Middlemiss (1909).

4 4 The University f Kansas Palentlgical Cntributins Paper 49 cc LU CO 2 D Z LIJ _J a_ 2 cn Z Li 0 Cn E Q 6 c LL, (r) LU > a OW j CO _ j,:zr a_ 2 i Lu cn Lu O 1..z.,- (13_ 0.Ç.) il -4' () 1p 0 -..E. N., -." Q., -`.).Ç3 ci) (' j 0 ô ç' -Z,3,y -z-s, 2.,.,f,,).E -,-,. Q. -(--) Lii *4--- :s). -`) Li] Lii K K K II K K K q.) () 10 (r) 1C '-,,`, Ô 0) t). c' c..) (,) --. ȯ(sl ) -4- (0, p t._. Q. -` CONODONT ZONES Ale 05,0 ffickis K cris/ag//i K K HO 27 K K K K _ N dieneri K I Negnd/e//a crinat K K K K40 91 II K39 86 K38 81 I K37 80 K K35 68 K34 62 Perm -Triassic K33 58 Bundary typiclis 1..." K32 57 K K K29 43 K I K27 20 K26 13 K25 II K24 5 K23 0 f Teichert, Kummel 8( Kapr 1970 Fic. 3. (Explanatin n facing page.) Anchignthdus _

5 Sweet Permian and Triassic Cndnts element cndnt species, the distributin and frequency f ccurrence f which are indicated in the figure. Tw species, Ellisnia triassica MüLLER (Pl. 1, fig. 2, 10, 19, 24), and Ellisnia gradata SWEET, n. sp. (Pl. 1, fig. 1, 5-6, 9), represented by 154 and 124 specimens, respectively, have an extended range in the Guryul Ravine sectin (Fig. 3) and can be accrded little stratigraphie significance. Ranges f the remaining six species, hwever, are relatively shrt and singly, r in cmbinatin with thers, these species characterize fur distinctive cndnt faunas. The ldest fauna represented in samples frm the Guryul Ravine sectin is distinguished by Anchignathdus typical's SWEET, n. sp. (PI. I, fig. 13, 22) and Ellisnia teicherti SWEET, n. sp. (Pl. 1, fig. 3-4, 7-8, 12). Neither species is particularly well represented in the sparingly prductive samples frm the lwer 86 feet f the Guryul Ravine sectin (Fig. 3), but bth have the same range. Samples K43 and K44, frm an interval 10 t 15 feet abve the highest.4nchignathdus typicalis, are dminated by specimens f Negndlella carinata (CLARK) (Pl. I, fig. 20, 23), a csmplitan species in which I als tentatively include the cndnt ; that CLARK ( 1959) described as Gndl«ht nevadensis and G. planata. N. carinata is als represented in samples K40 and K41 (Fig. 3), which belng in the interval dminated by A. typicalis and Ellisnia teicherti, but n N. carinata elements were recvered frm samples abve K45. Nespithdus dieneri SWEET, n. sp. (Pl. 1, fig. 17) is first represented in sample K46 (Fig. 3) and ranges t the tp f the part f the Guryul Ravine sectin sampled by TEICHERT. Except fr representatives f the ubiquitus Ellisnia triassica and E. gradata, hwever, N. dieneri is the nly distinctive species represented in sample K46. This sample, then, distinguishes the third cndnt fauna f the Guryul Ravine sectin. All but ne sample frm strata in the interval 129 t 193 feet abve the base f the Guryul Ravine sectin yield specimens f Nespathdus cristagalli (HucKRtEDE) (Pl. 1, fig. 18, 21), which is thus an index t a fauna that als includes Ellisnia gradata, E. triassica, Nespathdus dieneri, and, in the upper part f its range, E. rbusta SWEET, n. sp. (Pl. 1, fig. 11, 14-16). In summary, cndnt-elements frm the Guryul Ravine sectin, Kashmir, represent fur cndnt faunas, dminated, in ascending rder, by 1) Anchignathdus typicalis and Ellisnia teicherti; 2) Negndlella carinata; 3) Nespathdus dieneri; and 4) Nespathdus cri stagalli. The ranges f these faunas are indicated in Figure 3. CORRELATION Anchignathdus typicalis and Ellisnia teicherti, which have the same range in the Guryul Ravine sectin, characterize a cndnt fauna described frm uppermst Permian and lwermst Triassic rcks in West Pakistan, nrthern Italy, and Idah ( STAESCHE, 1964; SWEET, 1970; SWEET et al., 1970) and is als represented in undescribed cllectins frm rcks f presumably similar age in nrthwestern Iran and eastern Greenland. Rcks distinguished by these cndnts are included by SWEET (1970) in an Anchignathdus typicalis Zne, which has a lwer limit at a still-undefined level in the uppermst Permian and an upper bundary in lwermst Triassic strata that als yield the ammnids Ophiceras and Glyptphiceras. In West Pakistan and ther areas in which the Anchignathdus typicalis Zne has been identified, typical znal fssils als include representatives f Negndlella carinata, but this species ranges well abve the upper limit f the A. typicalis Zne. Thus it is reasnable t cnclude that at least the 68 feet f rck in the Guryul Ravine sectin between the base f sampled unit K28 and the tp f sampled unit K41 (Fig. 3) belng in the A. typicalis Zne and that the Permian-Triassic bundary is smewhere within this interval, as it seems t be in West Pakistan, nrthwestern Iran, and eastern Greenland. On the basis f the distributin f bivalves and brachipds, TEICHERT, KUMMEL, & KAPOOR ( 1970) draw this bundary between Kashmir samples K32 and K33 (Fig. 3). In several sectins in the Salt Range and Trans-Indus Ranges (SWEET, 1970) rcks just abve the highest nes with Anchignathdus 5 Fin. 3. Distributin and frequency f ccurrence f cndnt-elements in samples frm the Guryul Ravine sectin, Kashmir. Cndnt znes represented by these samples are indicated alng the right-hand side. Numbers in clumns headed by specific names indicate the number f elements f thse species recvered frm individual samples.

6 6The University f Kansas Palentlgical Cntributins Paper 49 typicalis yield representatives f Negndlella carinata in great abundance and t the virtual exclusin f ther types f cndnt-elements. These strata were set aside by SWEET as the Negndlella carinata Zne, but with the reservatin that it might be just a lcal peak zne, identifiable nly in sectins in West Pakistan. In the Guryul Ravine sectin, hwever, samples K43 and K44 (Fig. 3) are dminated by N. carinata and lack cndnts diagnstic f znes recgnized elsewhere belw r abve the N. carinata Zne. The rcks frm which these samples were taken are thus lgically crrelated with the N. carinata Zne, which may then be mre widely recgnizable than SWEET (1970) anticipated. These strata may als represent apprximately the same level frm which SRIVASTAVA & MANDWAL (1966) cllected abut 400 cndnt-elements that seem largely t be referable t N. carinata (CLARK) and Ellisnia triassica MULLER. SRIVASTAVA & MANDWAL 'S ma terial was derived frm Lwer Triassic strata at Pastun, in the Anantnag District, Kashmir. The third fauna f Kashmir, which is dminated by Nespathdus dieneri, is represented in a single sample that is separated by 10 feet f barren strata frm the highest beds yielding abundant Negndlella carinata. Thus crrelatin f this fauna with the sequence in West Pakistan is nt entirely certain. That is, in West Pakistan N. dieneri first ccurs in a thin unit immediately abve the Negndlella carinata Zne and characterized by an undescribed species f Nespathdus that is restricted t it. Hwever, N. dieneri is first abundantly represented in West Pakistan in a 3- t 4-ft interval that succeeds that zne, and SWEET (1970) named the beds characterized by abundant N. dieneri the Nespathdus dieneri Zne. Because sample K46 lacks specimens bth f the index t strata just belw the N. dieneri Zne f West Pakistan, and Nespathdus cristagalli, the index t strata immediately abve the N. dieneri Zne, the rcks frm which this sample was cllected are assigned tentatively t the N. dieneri Zne in Figure 3. It shuld be nted, hwever, that N. dieneri is the lngestranging species f Nespathdus in West Pakistan sectins, and that crrelatin f sample K46 with the N. dieneri Zne depends mre n the absence in this sample f the indexes t sub- and superjacent znes than n anything particularly diagnstic abut its cndnt fauna. Samples K47 thrugh K57 (Fig. 3) yield the yungest f the Kashmir Triassic cndnt faunas knwn t date. This fauna, distinguished by abundant representatives f Nespathdus cristagalli (HucKRIEDE), is clsely similar t ne that ranges thrugh sme 25 feet f the Mianwali Frmatin in West Pakistan, abve the Nespathdus dieneri Zne. SWEET (1970) included West Pakistan strata dminated by N. cristagalli in a N. cristagalli Zne, and it is clear that the 64 feet r s f rck in the Guryul Ravine sectin that yield N. cristagalli in abundance are t be included in that zne. Valid representatives f N. cristagalli have nt been identified until nw utside f West Pakistan, hence this reprt extends the gegraphic range f bth N. cristagalli and the N. cristagalli Zne. It shuld als be nted that Ellisnia rbuste. which makes its first appearance in West Pakistan in the upper half f the N. cristagalli Zne, is als well represented (Fig. 3) in the upper half f the interval here assigned t the N. cristagalli Zne. It may well be that the range f E. rbusta can be used t subdivide the N. cristagalli Zne further, but its extent is t prly cntrlled as yet t serve this functin in mre than the tw areas cmpared in this reprt. SUMMARY Cndnts frm the upper 57 feet f the Zewan Series and the lwer 124 feet f the verlying Lwer Triassic beds in the sectin at Guryul Ravine, Kashmir, represent fur distinctive cndnt faunas that may be crrelated with thse f the Anchignathdus typicalis, Negndlella carinata,nespathdus dieneri, and Nespathdus cristagalli Znes f the Salt Range and Trans- Indus Ranges f West Pakistan. The cnclusin f TEICHLRT, KUMMEL, & KApR (1970) that the Permian-Triassic bundary in the Guryul Ravine sectin shuld be drawn belw MIDDLEMISS ' S (1909) "black shales" unit (Fig. 2) is thus cnfirmed by the nature and distributin f cndnts in this sectin. That is, cndnt distributin suggests that the tp f the Zewan Series (Fig. 2) is apprximately at the same bistratigraphic level as the tp f the Chhidru Frmatin f West Pakistan, and that the lwer 124 feet f the Triassic sequence that verlies the Zewan Series in Kashmir cntains the faunal equivalent f the Kathwai Member and the lwer part f the Mianwali Member f the Mittiwali Frmatin f West Pakistan.

7 Sweet Permian and Triassic Cndnts 7 The latter are clearly Lwer Triassic n the basis f the ammnids they cntain, and the fact that they are bth thinner and lithlgically different frm presumably equivalent strata in Kashmir indicates that cndnt-defined znes maintain their distinctin acrss facies bundaries and int regins f distinctly different depsitinal style. DIAGNOSES OF NEW GENERA AND SPECIES Mst f the cndnts represented in samples frm the Guryul Ravine sectin f Kashmir are assignable t species based n extensive cllectins f unaltered material frm Permian and Triassic strata in the Salt Range and Trans-Indus ranges f West Pakistan. These cllectins, and the primary type-series f all the species represented in them, are described in detail in a majr study (SwEET, 1970) that was cmpleted in 1967 and was in press at the time this much shrter nte was prepared. Fr technical reasns, hwever, it is likely that this nte will be published a few mnths in advance f the study f Perm-Triassic cndnts frm West Pakistan; hence the previusly undescribed genera and species frm Kashmir are established frmally in the brief diagnses that fllw. The types f all these taxa are illustrated, and the taxa are mre fully characterized, in my study (SWEET, 1970) f Permian and Triassic cndnts frm the Salt Range and Trans- Indus ranges f West Pakistan. Thus, althugh establishment f the genus and five species diagnsed herein will date frm publicatin f this reprt, specimens f the species illustrated n Plate 1 are all t be regarded as hyptypes and nt as members f the primary type-series f any f these taxa. This prcedure is smewhat irregular, but it des nt vilate any f the prvisins f the Internatinal Cde f Zlgical Nmenclature. The specimens illustrated n Plate 1 and the types f all species diagnsed in this reprt are Filed in the micrpalentlgical cllectins f The Ortn Museum f Gelgy, at The Ohi State University, Clumbus, Ohi. A duplicate set f Kashmir hyptypes is filed in The University f Kansas Museum f Invertebrate Palentlgy, Department f Gelgy, Lawrence, Kansas. ANCHIGNATHODUS Sweet, n. gen. DIAGNsis. zinchignathdus includes cndnts with skeletal apparatus cmpsed slely f paired, individually asymmetric elements that are mre r less cnspicuusly arched, straight, r slightly bwed blades. A series f high, laterally cmpressed denticles, which are discrete, fused, r vergrwn, frms a distinctive anterir crest: denticles psterir t the apex f this crest decrease in size and length t the psterir extremity f the element. The attachment surface is enclsed by a bradly flaring sheath that is lachrymifrm in plan and tapers tward, but extends t, the psterir extremity f the element. Beneath the anterir blade, hwever, the attachment surface is cnfined t a narrw grve, which extends nearly t the anterir end f element. In elements f at least ne species, ndelike denticles ccur n the supper surface f the laterally flaring sheaths. TYPE SPECIES. Anchignathdus typicalis SWEET, n. sp. ANCHIGNATHODUS TYPICAL'S Sweet, n. sp. Plate 1, figures 13, 22 Spathgnathdus cf. miaw (Ellisn) HUCKRIEDE, 1958, p. 162, 167, pl. 10, fig. 8. Spathgnathdus isareics Huelcriede, STAESCHE, 1964 (partim), p , fig. 60, 61 (nn fig. 6, 62, 63, 64). Anchignathdus typicalls (nm. nd.), SrEpANv et al., 1969, p. 64. DIAGNOSIS. A species f Anchignathdus characterized by slightly arched and bwed bladelike elements, 2 t 2.5 times as lng as wide, in which denticles psterir t the cusp tend t diminish regularly in length t the tip f the unit. REMARKS. Elements f Anchignathdus typicalls are mrphlgically clsest t thse n which ELLISON (1941) based Spathdus mints/us, a species herein referred t Anchignathdus. Hwever, elements f A. mints/us arc abut 3 times as lng as wide, whereas thse f A. typicalis are mre expanded laterally and range frm 2 t 2.5 times as lng as wide. In additin, denticles f A. typicalis elements tend t diminish gradually in length between cusp and psterir end f the unit, whereas in A. minutus elements there tends t be an abrupt ffset in the lateral prfile immediately psterir t the cusp, and the 6 r 8 denticles fllwing the cusp are all abut the same length. TYPES. Hltype (OSU 28017) and paratype (OSU 28016) frm sample T63-122, which was cllected 1-5 inches abve the base f the Kathwai Member f the Mianwali Frmatin expsed n

8 8 The U niversity f Kansas Palentlgical Cntributins-Paper 49 the west side f Chhidru Nala, Salt Range, West Pakistan. Kashmir hyptypes figured in this reprt, ()SU 28766, ELLISONIA Müller, 1956 Upper Permian and Triassic rcks yield representatives f at least seven multielement cndnt species characterized by skeletal apparatuses that include sme cmbinatin f hibbardellifrm, ligndinifrm, lnchdinifrm, prinidinifrm, cladgnathdifrm, and enantignathifrm elements. One f these species clearly includes the types f Ellisnia triassica Mi.:LLER, 1956, hence all are referred t Ellisnia, the scpe f which is thus appreciably expanded. In describing species f multielement Ellisnia, SWEET (1970) attempts t avid cnfusin by referring t varius types f elements in the apparatus with capital letters. In the diagnses that fllw, U stands fr bilaterally symmetrical, unpaired elements, and all ther elements, which were prbably paired in the riginal skeletn, are designated "L elements." In thse skeletal apparatuses in which there were apparently several different kinds f L-elements, LA, LB, LC, LD, LE, and LF variants are distinguished. TYPE SPECIES.-Ellisnia triasska LER, ELLISONIA GRADATA sweet, n. sp. Plate 1, figures 1, 5-6, 9 Lnchdina latidentata (Tatge) HUCKRIEDE, 1958, p. 151, pl. 10, fig. 32, 38, 39. Rundya n. sp. A. HUCKRIEDE, 1958, p. 161, pl. 10, fig. 20. Gen. et spec. indet. A. HUCKRIEDE, 1958, p. 163, pl. 10, fig. 28. DIAGNOSIS.-A species f Ellisnia with a skeletal apparatus that includes U-elements with a straight, denticulated psterir prcess; LA- and LC-elements with tw anterlateral prcesses; LBelements with shrt psterir and lng anterir prcesses, sme f which are bifid; and "white matter" that is distributed in irregular "cluds" s that all elements have a "sptted" appearance. REmARKs.-Ellisnia gradata is distinguished frm ther species f multielement Ellisnia by skeletal elements in which "white matter" is distributed in irregular "cluds." LB-elements with bifid anterir prcesses are characteristic parts f the apparatus f E. gradata, but are nt knwn t have been skeletal cmpnents f E. triassica, type species f Ellisnia. The skeletal apparatus f the latter, n the ther hand, includes "LF-elements" (SWEET, 1970), which are structures that have n mrphlgic cunterparts in the apparatus f E. gradata. TYPES.-Syntypes (OSU , inclusive) frm sample K3-12, which was cllected frm the lwer part f a black t live shale just abve Gyrnites-hearing beds in the lwer Mittiwali Member f the Mianwali Frmatin expsed n the west side f Chhidru Nala, Salt Range, West Pakistan. Kashmir hyptypes figured in this reprt, OSU , inclusive. ELLISONIA ROBUSTA sweet, n. sp. Plate 1, figures 11, Dmtstsis.-A species f Ellisnia with a skeletal apparatus cmpsed f elements with peglike denticles; U-elements with lng, straight psterir prcesses; LA- and LC-elements with tw anterlateral prcesses; LB-elements with lng psterir prcesses and lng anterir prcesses; sme f which are bifid, and "white matter" that is unifrmly and densely develped thrughut all elements. REMARKS.-Elements f Ellisnia rbusta and E. gradata are similar but are readily distinguished by the fact that even the smallest skeletal units f E. rbusta lack the cludy distributin f "white matter" characteristic f E. gradata, and large diem( nts are unifrmly and densely white. In additin, LB-elements f E. rbusta have a well-develped psterir prcess that is much lnger and tuch better develped than is the crrespnding structure in LB-elements f E. gradata. TYPES.-Syntypes (OSU , inclusive) frm sample K3-14, which was cllected frm the lwer part f a shale unit just abve Gyrnitesbearing beds in the lwer Mittiwali Member f the Mianwali Frmatin expsed n the west side f Chhidru Nala, Salt Range, West Pakistan. Kashmir hyptypes figured in this reprt, OSU , inclusive. ELLISONIA TEICHERTI Sweet, n. sp. Plate 1, figures 3-4, 7-8, 12?Lnehdina n. sp. A. HUCKRIEDE, 1958 (partitn), p. 153, pl. 10, fig. 3 (nt pl. 10, fig. 2). 'Hindedella sp. a. BENDER & STOPPEL, 1965, p , pl. 15, fig. 6. Ellisnia teicherti (nm. nd.), STEPANOV et al., 1969, p. 64. DiAcistsis.-A species f Ellisnia with a skeletal apparatus that cnsisted f U-elements

9 Sweet-Permian and Triassic Cndnts 9 with n psterir prcesses, and LA-, LB-, LD-, and LE-units with shrt anterir and lng psterir prcesses, needlulike denticles, and an escutchenlike attachment surface n the inner side f the element. All elements are paque and almst unifrmly white in even earliest stages f grwth. REMARKS.-Ellisnia teicherti is distinguished frm E. triassica and ther knwn species f multielement Ellisnia by unifrmly white skeletal elements with an escutchenlike attachment surface and needlelike denticles. TYPES.-Syntypes (OSU , inclusive) frm sample T63-122, cllected 1-5 inches abve the base f the Kathwai Member f the Mianwali Frmatin expsed n the west side f Chhidru Nala, Salt Range, West Pakistan. Kashmir hyptypes illustrated in this reprt. OSU , inclusive. NEOSPATHODUS Msher, 1968 Nespathdus includes a grup f bviusly related species, the nly skeletal elements f which were apparently blade-shaped units with a welldevelped anterir prcess; a psterir prcess that is shrt, secndary, vestigial, r absent; midlateral ribs f varying prminence that are prduced laterally in late develpmental stages f sme species t frm platfrms; and a basal surface that includes a basal pit surrunded laterally and psterirly by a lplike ridge and a laterally flaring brim, which inay be whlly r partially "inverted." TYP E-SPECIES.-Spathgnathdus cristagalli UCKRI EDE, REMARKS.-Nespathdus is represented by a number f stratigraphically very useful species in Upper Permian and Triassic strata. SWEET (1970) recgnizes ten species f this genus in the uppermst Permian and Lwer Triassic rcks f the Salt Range and Trans-Indus ranges f West Pakistan, but nly tw f these are diagnsed here. Elements typical f these tw species were included by HUCKRIEDE (1958) in Spathgnathdus cristagalli, which thus needs revisin. NEOSPATHODUS CRISTAGALLI (Huckriede, 1958) Plate 1, figures 18, 21 spathg nathdus cristagalli HUCKRIEDE, 1958 (partira), p , pl. 10, fig. 14, 15 (nn pl. 10, fig. 1-13, 18a, 18b, which =N. dieneri, n. sp.). nn "Spathgnathdus" cristagalli Huckriede, LINDSTRI5M, 1964, p. 64 (= N. dieneri, n. sp.). nn spathgnathdus cristagalli Huckriede, MOSHER & CLARK, 1965, p. 556, 564, 565, pl. 66, fig. 8. nn Nespathdus cristagalli (Huckriede) Msnru, 1968, p. 930, pl. 115, fig. 1, 2 (pl. 115, fig. 1 = N. hnzeri (BENDER); pl. 115, fig. 2 N. triangulns (BENDER)). DIAGNsis.-A species f Nespathdus characterized by bladelike skeletal elements with 5 t 13 denticles, a width t height t length rati f abut 1:3:4 at all stages f grwth, a greatest height slightly psterir t unit midlength, a shrt terminal psterir cusp f bradly subtriangular lateral prfile, and a basal margin that turns cnspicuusly upward beneath the psterir third f the unit. TYPES.-Figured hyptypes, OSU 28769, NEOSPATHODUS DIENERI Sweet, n. sp. Plate 1, figure 17 Suathgnathdus cristagalli HUCKRIEDE, 1958 (partira), p , pl. 10, fig , 18a,b (nn pl. 10, fig. 14, 15, which = N. cristagalli (HucKRIEDE)). "Spathgnathdus" cristagalli LINDSTR6M, 1964, p. 64. DIAGNOSIS.-A species f Nespathdus characterized by blade-shaped skeletal elements with 4 t 13 denticles, a width t height t length rati f abut 1:2:2.3 at all stages f grwth, a greatest height at r just anterir t the psterir end f the unit, a lng terminal psterir cusp, and a basal margin that turns upward prminently beneath the psterir third t half f the unit. REMARKS.-Elements f Nespathdus dieneri differ cnspicuusly frm thse f N. cristagalli in lateral prfile and in ratis f width t height t length (1:2:2.3 in N. dieneri; 1:3:4 in N. cristagalli). Amng described species that may be referable t Nespathdus, N. dieneri elements are grssly mst similar t thse frm the Zechstein f Germany n which BENDER & STOPPEL (1965) based Spathgnathdus divergens. Elements f the latter, hwever, are relatively wider than thse f N. dieneri, and the psterirly expanded segment f the base is lnger and f a different shape than the cmparable prtin f N. dieneri elements. TYPES.-Hltype (OSU 28078) frlu sample K4-LCL, derived frm the "Lwer Ceratite Limesterne" (lwer part f Mittiwali Member f Mianwali Frmatin) expsed n the east side f Chhidru Nala, Salt Range, West Pakistan. Kashmir hyptype figured in this reprt, OSU

10 1 0 The University f Kansas Palentlgical Cntributins-Paper 49 REFERENCES CITED BENDER, HANS, & STOPPEL, DIETER, 1965, Perm-Cndnten: Gel. Jahrb., v. 82, p , 1 fig., pl CLARK, D. L., 1959, Cndnts frm the Triassic f Nevada and Utah: Jur. Palentlgy, v. 33, n. 2, p , 1 fig., pl ELLisN, SAMUEL, 1941, Revisin f the Pennsylvanian cndnts: Jur. Palentlgy, v. 15, n. 2, p , pl GODWIN-AUSTIN, H., 1866, On the Carbniferus rcks f the Valley f Kashmere: Gel. Sc. Lndn, Quart. Jur., v. 22, p HAYDEN, H. H., 1907, The stratigraphical psitin f the Gangampteris beds f Kashmir: Gel. Survey India, Recrds, v. 36, n. 1, p HUCKRIEDE, REINHOLD, 1958, Die Cndnten der mediterranen Trias und ihr stratigraphischer Wert: Paliint. Zeitschr., v. 32, p , pl LINDSTROM, MAURITS, 1964, Cndnts: Elsevier Publishing C., Amsterdam, 196 p., 64 fig. MIDDLEMISS, C. S., 1909, Gndwanas and related marine sedimentary systems f Kashmir: Gel. Survey India, Recrds, v. 37, n. 4, p MOSHER, L. C., 1968, Triassic cndnts frm western Nrth America and Eurpe and their crrelatin: Jur. Palentlgy, v. 42, n. 4, p , pl , & CLARK, D. L., 1965, Middle Triassic cndnts frm the Prida Frmatin f nrthwestern Nevada: Jur. Palentlgy, v. 39, n. 4, p , 2 fig., pl. 65, 66, 1 tabl. MOLLER, K. J., 1956, Triassic cndnts frm Nevada: Jur. Palentlgy, v. 30, n. 4, p , pl. 95, 96. SRIVASTAVA, J. P., & MANDWAL, N. K., 1966, Recrd f cndnts frm India: Current Science (India), v. 35, n. 24, p , fig STA ESCHE, ULRICH, 1964, Cndnten aus den: Skyth vn Sfidtirl: Neues Jahrb. Gelgic Pal5ntlgie, Abh., Heft 119, p , fig. 3-73, pl STEPANOV, D. L., GOLSHANI, F., & STOCKLIN, J., 1969, Upper Permian and Permian-Triassic bundary in Nrth Iran: Gel. Survey Iran, Rept. n. 12, 72 p., 28 pl. SWEET, W. C., 1970, Uppermst Permian and Lwer Triassic cndnts f the Salt Range and Trans-Indus Ranges, West Pakistan: in Stratigraphie Bundary Prblems: Permian and Triassic f West Pakistan, B. Kummel, & C. Teichert (eds.), Dept. Gelgy, Univ. Kansas, Spec. Publ. 4 (in press)., MOSHER, L. C., CLARK, D. L., COLLINSON, J.W & HASENMUELLER, W. A., 1970, Cndnt bistratigraphy f the Triassic: in Sympsium n Cndnt Bistratigraphy, W. C. Sweet & S. M. Bergstrm (eds.), Gel. Sc. America, Mem. 127 (in press). TEICH E RT, CURT, KUMMEL, BERNHARD, & KAPOOR, H. M., 1970, Mixed Permian-Triassic fauna, Guryul Ravine, Kashmir: Science, v. 167, n. 3915, p , 1 fig. EXPLANATION OF PLATE 1 All specimens are frm the Perm-Triassic sectin in Guryul Ravine, Vihi District, Kashmir. Figures are f cated specimens, X 85, which are catalged in the Ortn Museum f Gelgy, The Ohi State University. FIGURE 1, 5-6, 9. Ellisnia gradata SWEET, fl. sp. OSU , 10, 19, 24. Ellisnia triassica MOLLER. K53, K54. OSU , 7-8, 12. Ellisnia teicherti SWEET, n. sp. K41. OSU , Ellisnia rbusta SWEET, n. sp. K56, K57. OSU Sample K54. Samples K41, Samples K40, Samples K54, 13, 22. Anchignathdus typicalis SWEET, n. gen., n. sp. Sample K41. OSU Nespathdus dieneri SWEET, n. sp. Sample K54. OSU , 21. Nespathdus cristagalli ( HUCKRI EDE). Sample K53. OSU , 23. Negndlella carinata (CLARK). Sample K41. OSU

11 THE UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS PALEONTOLOGICAL CONTRIBUTIONS Sweet Permian and Triassic Cndnts Paper 49, Plate 1