Title Islands, Southwestern Japan. Sasa, Manabu; Suzuki, Hiroshi. Citation 熱帯医学 Tropical medicine 42(1). p1-37. Issue Date

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1 NAOSITE: Nagasaki University's Ac Title Authr(s) Stuidies n the Chirnmid Species Islands, Suthwestern Japan Sasa, Manabu; Suzuki, Hirshi Citatin 熱帯医学 Trpical medicine 42(1). p1-37 Issue Date URL Right This dcument is dwnladed

2 Trp. Med., 42 (1), 1-37, March, 2000 Stuidies n the Chirnmid Species Cllected n Ishigaki and Irimte Islands, Suthwestern Japan Manabu SASA1 and Hirshi SUZUKI2 *Kanky Fukushi Kenkyush (Institute f Envirnmental and Welfare Studies), 135-3, Aramata, Kurbe Japan Institute f Trpical Medicine, Nagasaki University Nagasaki, Japan Abstract: Cllectins f adult chirnmid midges were carried ut by Suzuki at 3 lcalities n Ishigaki Island fr 2 days n June 30 and July 1, and at 2 lcalities n Irimte Island n July 3, 1999, by sweeping with insect net during daytime and als by using a light trap during night time. Samples f larval and pupal chirnmids in rivers and streams were als cllected, and the adult midges were reared in the labratry. The specimens were munted individually n slides with gum-chlral medium and sent t Sasa fr species identificatin and descriptins. As the results, 21 adult male specimens were btained frm Ishigaki, and they were classified int 12 species, amng which nly 2 were the previusly described species frm Eurpe and als frm the mainland f Japan, and ther 10 were new species. Frm Irimte Island, 47 specimens were btained and were classified int 21 species, and with nly 1 amng them were in cmmn the Oriental Regin and the mainland f Japan, species. t and the rest 20 were new Only 1 species was in cmmn bth islands. These 32 species are classified int 19 genea, and 5 amng them are described as new genera, and ne was a new genus t Japan. Key wrds: Chirnmidae, medical entmlgy, new species, new genus, Yaeyama Islands INTRODUCTION Ishigaki and Irimte are the tw main islands f Yaeyama lcated in the subtrpical regin in suthmst part f Japan, between Taiwan and the mainland f China, and have been nted by the distributin f sme peculiar plants and animals different frm ther regins f Sutheast Asia. Cllectins f adult chirnmid midges were carried ut by Suzuki at three lcalities n Ishigaki Island n June 30, 1999, by sweeping at the side f Naguragawa River (# 1), n July 1 n the slpe f Omtdake Mutain (#2), and n Irimte Island in the twn f Funeuki with a light trap (# 5), and by sweeping at the side f Kuira River (# 6) n July 3, As the results, a ttal f 21 adult male specimens were btained frm Ishigaki Island, and they were classified int 12 species f Chirnmidae, amng which nly 2 are thse Received fr publicatin, February 15, 2000 Cntributin N frm the Institute f Trpical Medicine, Nagasaki University

3 already recrded frm Japan and Eurpe, and the rest 10 were new species. A ttal f 47 specimens were btained als frm Irimte Island, and are classified int 21 species, amng which nly ne species is in cmmnwith the mainland f Japan and als the suthern Pacific Regin, and the rest 20 are described as new species. It is a really surprising fact that such high percentages f the chirnmid species cllected frm these tw islands were the newspecies. As the results, a ttal f 21 adult male specimens were btained frm Ishigaki Island, and they were classified int 12 species f Chirnmidae, amng which nly 2 are thse already recrded frm Japan and Eurpe, and the rest 10 were new species. A ttal f 47 specimens were btained als frm Irimte Island, and are classified int 21 species, amng which nly ne species is in cmmnwith the mainland f Japan and als the suthern Pacific Regin, and the rest 20 are described as new species. It is a really surprising fact that such high percentages f the chirnmid species cllected frm these tw islands were the newspecies. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fur different methds were used frm the cllectin f the chirnmid specimens n these island, (1) daytime cllectin f adults resting in bushes by sweeping with insect net, (2) night cllectin f adult specimens with light traps, (3) night cllectin f adults being atracted n utdr flurescent lamps, and (4) cllectin f immature stages frm fallen leaves in the rivers and streams. It has been demnstrated this time that fallen leaves in the streams cllected in vinyl bags, and keeping them in the labratry fr abut ne mnth yield emergence f large numbers f adults, and is an efficient methd fr the cllectin f all stages f chirnmid specimens. The adult specimens thus cllected were preserved in 70% ethanl slutin in glass tubed, screened int species grups under steremicrscpe in petri dishes, and were individually munted n slides in gum-chlral slutin by the methd described in the mngraph f Japanese Chirnmidae cmpiles by Sasa and Kikuchi (1995), and recently imprved by Suzuki. The methds f standard measurements and nmenclature f the structures rughly fllwed the classic frms explained in the abve mngraph, and thus slightly different frm the mst recent frms used in the mngraph edited by Wiederhlm (1989). Table 1. List f species cllected n Ishigaki Island 1. Dicrtendipes nervsus (Staeger, 1839) (8M., 2F.) N. 385:17-24, M., 385:25,26, F. 2. Yaeprimus isigaabeus gen. et sp. nv. (1 M) N.385:30 (Fig. 1) 3. Plypedilum isigabeceum sp. nv. (1 M) N. 385:01 (Fig. 2) 4. Prchirnmus iriheius sp. nv. (1 M) N.385:29 5. Tanytarsus isigacedeus sp. nv. (6 M) N.385:02-07 (Fig. 3) 6. Rhecrictpus chalybeatus (Edwards, 1929) (1 M) N.385:16 (Fig. 4)

4 7. Rhecrictpus isigadeeus sp. nv. (4 M) N.385:08-ll (Fig. 5) 8. Eukiefferiella* isigaefeus sp. nv. (3 M) N.385:13-15 (Fig. 6) 9. Limnphyes isigafegeus sp. nv. (1 M) N.385:12 (Fig. 7) 10. Limnphyes minimus (Meigen, 1818) (1 M) N. 385:31 ll. Metricenemus isigaheius sp. nv. (2 M) N.385:27, 28 (Fig. 8) 12. Crynneura isigaijeus sp. nv. (1 M) N. 385:32 (Fig. 9) Table 2. List f species cllected n Irimte Island 1. Chirnmus samensis Edwards, 1929 (1 M) N.385:49 2. Crypttendipes iriabeus sp. nv. (1 M) N.385:23 3. Yaesecundus iribeceus gen. et sp. 'nv. (2 M) N. 385:50, 51 (Fig. ll) 4. Micrtendipes iricedeus sp. nv. (2 M) N. 385:34, 65 (Fig. 12) 5. Pentapedilum irideeum sp. nv. (2 M) N.385:61, 62 (Fig. 13) 6. Pentapedilum uncinatum Getghebuer, 1921 (1 M) N.385:63 (Fig. 14) 7. Pfypedilum benkiense.sasa et Hasegawa, 1988 (8 M, 10 F, 1 P) N. 385:91-99, 386:ll-22 (Fig. 27) 8. Pfypedilum irifegeum sp. nv. (14 M) N.385:72-85 (Fig. 15) 9. Pfypedilum irigeheum sp. nv. (1 M) N.385:36 (Fig. 16) 10. Prchirnmus iriheius sp. nv. (6 M) N.385:40-43, 47,48 (Fig. 17) ll. Stenchirnmus iriijeus sp. nv. (1 M) N. 385:100 (Fig. 18) 12. Yaetertius irijekeus sp. nv. (2 M) N.385:44, 45 (Fig. 19) 13. Yaequartus irikeleus sp. nv. (1 M) N.385:71 (Fig. 20) 14. Tanytarsus irilemeus sp. nv. (2 M) N.385:35,37 (Fig. 21) 15. Tanytarsus irimeneus sp. nv. (1 M) N.385:55 (Fig. 22) 16. Tanytarsus irineus sp. nv. (4 M) N.385:52-54, 56 (Fig. 23) 17. Tanytarsus iripeus sp. nv. (4 M) N.385:57-60 (Fig. 24) 18. Limnphyes iripequeus sp. nv. (1 M) N.385:69 (Fig. 25) 19. Yaequintus iriquereus sp. nv. (1 M) N.385:39 (Fig. 26) Key t new genera f Chirnminae recrded Fur new genera and ne genus newt Japan are recrded as members f the sub family Chirnminae in this paper. They are differentiate by the fllwing key. 1- Antenna with ll flagellar segments; anteprntum united in the middle 2 -Antenna with 13 flagellar segments; anteprntum widely separatied; squama bare 3 2- Anteprntum with 1;1 lateral seta; squama bare; terminal cmb scales f middle and hind tibiae with ne lng spur; drsal appendage with ne basal, and 2 inner setae Yaeprimus gen. nv. -Anteprntum withut setae; squama fringed with 5 r 6 setae; terminal cmb scales f mid and hind tibiae with tw spurs; drsal appendage withut seta; anal pint stut, gnstylus very wide, nearly glbular N.50,51 Yaesecundus gen. nv.

5 3 -Terminal cmb scales f mid and hind tibiae with nly ne spur; N.44, 45 Yaetertius gen. nv. -Terminal cmb scales f mid and hind tibiae with tw spurs 4 4- Gncxite with 3 prcesses, drsal, median and ventral; wing with tw dark marks N.40 Pwchirnmus -Gncxite with 2 prcesses, drsal and ventral; wing withut dark marks N.71 Yaequartus gen. nv. Part 1. Ntes n the species cllected n Ishigaki Island 1. Dicrtendipes nervsus (Staeger, 1839) Eight males and 2 females were cllected by sweeping at Omtdake n July 1. Males: N.385:17024 (#2:1:1-8). Females: N.385:25, 26 (#2:1:9-10). This is a species widely distributed in the Palaearctic Regin, and has been cllected als frm at least 4 lcalities in the mainland f Japan (Sasa & Kikuchi, 1995, p.28). Yaeprimus gen. nv. A newgenus belnging t Chirnminae. Antenna with ll flagellar segments, eyes bare and ER< 1.0, anteprntum narrwly united and with 1:1 lateral seta, wing membrane unmarked and bare, squama bare, VR much larger than 1.0, terminal cmbs f mid and hind tibiae with nly ne lng spur, anal pint small and parallel-sided, and drsal appendage is free frm micrtrichia, lng, narrw and apically runded, with ne basal and 2 inner setae. At present, nly the fllwing new species belngs t this genus. Differentiating pints with ther previusly knwn genera are shwn in the remarks f this new species. 2. Yaeprimus isigaabeus sp. nv. (Figs. 1 a-m) A male was cllected by sweeping n Munt Omtdake n July 1. Hltype. N.385:30 (#2:4). BL 2.44 mm,wl 1.12 mm,ww/wl Scutum, pstntum and abdminal tergites almst unifrmly brwn, scutellum brwnish yellw, legs yellw. Head in Fig. 1 a. Eyes bare, ER Antenna with ll (nt 13) flagellar segements, AR 1.23, AHR P/H SO 7:7, CL 9. Anteprntum (Fig. 1 b) narrwly united, with 1:1 lateral seta. Scutum and scutellum in Fig. 1 c; DM 6, DL 7:6, PA 2:2, SC nly 3. Wing (Fig. 1 d) bare, withut dark marks. Squama bare (unusual), anal lbe btuse. R2+3 separated, RR VR 1.30 (very high), R/Cu Tip f frnt tibia (Fig.l e) with a lng, narrw and sharply pinted terminal prcess. Terminal cmb scales f middle and hind tibiae (Figs. 1 f,g) cntiguus and with nly ne lng spur (the Plypedilum type). flr 2.09, mlr 0.69, hlr 0.77, ftr 0.37, fbr 2.6, mbr 5.0, hbr 4.8. Legs with small pulvilli (Fig. 1 h, frnt tarsus V). Abdminal tergites (Fig. 1 i, Plate N) with relatively small numbers f setae, 12 n 1, 10 n H, 14 n H and F, and 16 n V t W. Hyppygium as in Figs. 1 j (ventral) and k (drsal view). Anal pint bare, rather small, and tapering twards runded apex. Drsal appendage (als in Fig. 1 k) finger-like and slightly curved inwards, with ne basal seta

6 directed backwards and tw setae arising in the middle prtin f inner margin and directed rally. Ventral appendage (als in Fig. 1 m) finger-like but tapered distally, with 7 recurved setae and ne relatively shrt caudally directed apical seta. Gnstylus rather stut, with an unusually lng terminal seta and 4 shrt setae alng inner margin. Remarks. This specimen belngs t the sub family Chirnminae in the basic structure, and related t the Plypedilum grup in that ne cmb f middle and hind tibiae with a lng spur and the ther withut spur, but is quite unusual in that squama is bare. Amng genera f this grup, it is mst clsely related t Lauterbrniella Thienemann et Bause, 1913 in that wing bare and withut dark marks, gnstylus is lnger than gncxite, and anal pint is bare, small and slender, but the knwn species f this genus, L. agraylides (Kieffer) has 13 flagellar segments n antenna, drsal appendage is thickly clthed with micrtrichia except fr the distal prtin, and drsal appendage is sickle-shapepd, r inner margin cncave and apically pinted. 3. Plypedilum (Plypedilum) isigabeceum sp. nv. (Figs. 2 a-j) A male was cllected by sweeping at the side f Nakura River n June 30. N.385:01 (#1-1). BL 2.96 mm, WL 1.20 mm, WW/WL Scutum dark brwn alng midline and psterir prtin between lateral stripes, ther scutal areas yellw, scutellum, pstntum and abdminal tergites brwn, legs yellw. Head in Fig. 2 a. Eyes bare, ER Frntal tubercles (Fig. 2 b) lng and cnical, 23 ^m lng, 7 ^m wide at the base, and 31 j«m apart frm each ther. Antenna with 13 flagellar segments, AR 1.65, AHR P?H SO 8:8, CL 16. Anteprntum (Fig. 2 b) separated, withut setae. Setae n scutum and scutellum as infig. 2 c, DM 12, DL 7:8, PA3:3, SC 5. Wing (Fig. 2 d) bare, squama with 5:5 fringe hairs. R2+3 separated, RR 0.37, VR 1.28, R/Cu Tip f fre tibia (Fig. 2 e) with brad and runded terminal scale, tips f mid and hind tibiae (Figs. 2 f,g) with tw terminal cmb scales, ne with a lng spur, the ther withut spur. flr 2.25, mlr 0.72, hlr 0.81 (all very high), ftr 0.40, fbr 3.0, mbr 6.9, hbr 8.6. Pulvilli present, brush-like, abut half as lng as the claws. Hyppygium in Fig. 2 h. Anal pint bare, lng, narrw and nearly parallel-sided and apically runded. Drsal appendage (als in Fig. 2 i) lng, narrw and nearly straight, nly slightly expanded at base, with a lng inner seta at base and a lng lateral seta arising at 40% level frm the base. Ventral appendage (Fig. 2 j) finger-like but rather stut, with 8 shrt recurved setae and a lng, caudally directed seta n apical prtin. Gnstylus lng, narrw and wides at abut middle. Remarks. This specimen belngs t the nubeculsum grup f subgenus Plypedilum, since drsal appendage with lateral seta n the distal hrn. It is smewhat related t P. albicrne (Meigen) amng the Eurpean species, in that AR is smaller than 1.7, abdminal tergites are unifrmly brwn, drsal appendage is lng, narrw and nearly straight, and gnstylus is slender, but essentially different frm it in clratin f scutum and in the psitin f lateral seta n drsal appendage. Amng the species f this grup recrded frm Japan, it is smewhat related t P. kytense (Tkunaga, 1938), in that scutal stripes are paler

7 than in the areas between them, and in the value f AR being abut 1.7, but P. kytense differs frm the present species in that scutum with dark areas als between median and lateral stripes, abdminal tergites II t M each with a pair f large pale areas, flr is and smaller, and lateral seta f drsal appendage arising frm near the base. 5. Tanytarsus isigacedeus sp. nv. (Figs. 3 a-q) Six males were cllected by sweeping at the side f Nakura River n June 30. N.385:02-07 (#1:2:1-6). Hltype: 385:02. Paratypes: ther 5 specimens. BL (2.29 in average f 6) mm, WL (1.16) mm, WW/WL 0.29 in 3, 0.30 in 3 speimens. Scutal stripes and pstntum brwnish yellw, ther scutal areas, scutellum, abdmen and legs pale yellw. Head in Fig. 3 a. Eyes bare, widely separated, ER (1.43). Antenna with 13 flagellar segments, AR (0.69), AHR (0.44). P/H (1.14). SO 7-9 (7.5), CL ll-12 (ll.7). Frntal tubercles (Fig. 3 b) prminent, 23 nm high, 16 pm wide at the base, and 45 pm apart frm each ther in the hltype. Anteprntum (Fig. 3 c) widely separated, withut seta. Scutum and scutellum in Fig. 3 d; DM 4, 5 r 6 (mean 5.0), DL 4-6 (5.3), bth very small in the numbers. PA all 1, SC 2 in 5, 3 in 1, als very small. Wing in Fig. 3 e. Membrane bare, with very small numbers f macrtrichia nly in extremely tip area, a characteristic t this species. RRR (0.55), VR (1.30), R/Cu (1.05). Tip f fre tibia (Fig. 3 f) with a very narrw and sharply pinted terminal prcess. Tips f mid and hind tibiae (Figs. 3 g,h) with 2 very narrw cmb scales, bth with a spur. flr (2.32, very high), mlr (0.57), hlr (0.64), ftr (0.36), fbr (3.3), mbr (4.3), hbr (5.0). Pulvilli absent. Hyppygium in Figs. 3 i (drsal), j (ventral view). Anal pint (als in Fig. 3 k) lng, narrw and triangular, sharply pinted apically, with 2 spine clusters, and 4 pairs f lateral setae and 5 shrt basal setae. Drsal appendages (Figs. 3 m,n) rughtly quadrangular, with 3 drsal setae and 2 lnger inner setae arising n a median prcess. Digitus (Figs. 3 m,n) very large, almst entirely extending beynd psterir margin f drsal appendage, widest at base and with lng apically runded prcess, and with a lng basal seta arising n a large tubercle. Median appendage (M in Fig. 3 p) lng and with relatively lng simple setae sme extending beynd tip f ventral appendage. Ventral appendage (V in Figs. 3 p,q) stut, with 8 recurved setae. Gnstylus widest at abut basal 1/3, with 8 shrt setae alng inner margin. Remarks. These specimens belng t the yunsecundus grup f genus Tanytarsus, since anal pint with lateral ridges and spine clusters, and medina appendage is lng and sme setae extending beynd tip f ventral appendage, but quite unusual amng the previusly knwn species f this grup in that wing with nly very small numbers f macrtrichia, scutum with small numbers f setae, anal pint is lng and sharply pinted apically, drsal appendage is rather small and with inner prcess bearing tw setae, and digitus is extremely large and lng. 6. Rhecrictpus chalybeatus (Edwards, 1929) (Fig. 4 a) A male was cllected by sweeping at the side f Nakura River n June 30. N.385:16

8 (#1:6). BL 2.16 mm, WL 1.04 mm, WW/WL Scutal stripes and pstntum black, ther bdy prtins dark brwn. Eyes pubescent, ER Antenna with 13 flagellar segments, AR 0.89, AHR P/H SO 1+3, 1+3, CL 15. Anteprntum narrwly united, with 3:3 lateral setae. Scutum with a pair f large humeral pits. DM 0, DL 12:ll, PA 3:3, SC 6. SQ 6, 6, RR 0.58, VR 1.19, R/Cu flr 0.61, mlr 0.52, hlr 0.58, ftr 0.14, fbr 1.5, mbr 1.8, hbr 2.4. Hyppygium in Fig. 4 a. Anal pint large, widest at base and tapering twards pinted apex, with lateral setae and almst entirely clthed with micrtrichia. Inner lbe f gncxite duble layered, the drsal lbe acutely angulate, the ventral lbe brader and btuse. Gnstylus rectangularly curved near apex, with acutely angulate preapical tth. Remarks. This species was described by Edwards (1929, p.331) frm England as a cmmnspecies by the generic name f Spanitma (Trichcladius)but n descriptin was made n the antennal rati and n the structure f male hyppygium. It was placed int the genus Rhecrictpus Thienemann by Lehmann, In Japan, it was recrded by Tkunaga (1938) frm Osaka and Kyt by the generic name used by Edwards (1929), and by the present generic name by Sasa and cwrkers frm 7 lcalities in Japan, including Ishigaki Island (Sasa & Kikuchi, 1995, p.58). The present spepcimen shws AR value f 0.89 and smaller than f specimens cllected frm Lake Biwa, but is almst cincident in ther measurement data and structure t thse f the Japanese specmens. 7. Rhecrictpus isigadeeus sp. nv. (Figs. 5 a-n) Fur males were cllected by sweeping als at the side f Nakura River n June 30. Hltype: N.385:08 (#1:1:3:1). Paratypes: N.385:09-ll (#1:3:2-4). BL (2.48 in average f 4) mm, WL (1.04) mm, WW/WL (0.32). Scutal stripes, pstntum and abdmen dark brwn, scutellum and legs brwn. Head in Fig. 5 a. Eyes pubescent, ER (1.79). Antenna with 13 flagellar segments, AR (0.96), AHR (0.52). P/H ll (1.00). SO cmpsed f 1 inner and 2 r 3 (2.8) lateral grups, CL (15.5). Anteprntum (Fig. 5 b) tapering twards middle and slightly separated, with 1-4 (2.6, mst frequently 3) lateral setae. Large humeral pits (HM in Fig. 5 c) present. DM all 0, DL (13.0), PA 3, 4 r 5 (4.0), SC 6-10 (8.0). Wing (Fig. 5 d) bare, membrane plain, SQ 5-8 (6.7), RR (0.58), VR (1.14), R/Cu (1.06). Csta slightly extended beynd tip f R4+5. Cu2 nearly straight. Tip f fre tibia (Fig. 5 e) with a lng spur, tip f mid tibia (Fig. 5 f) with tw shrt spurs, tip f hind tibia (Figs. 5 g,h) with a lng and a shrt spur, and a cmb cmpsed f 12 free spines. flr (0.63), mlr (0.52), hlr (0.57), ftr (0.14), fbr (1.4), mbr (2.0), hbr (2.4). All legs with a large brush-like pulvilli (Fig. 5 i, fre tarsus V). Hyppygium in Fig. 5 j. Anal pint (als in Fig. 5 k, ventral view) lw, brad and runded, with 4 pairs f marginal setae, and with a runded ventral prcess, an unusual structure. Inner lbe f gncxite (Figs 5 m, drsal; n, ventral view) duble layered, the drsal lbe free frm micrtrichia and acutelly angulate, the ventral lbe thickly clthed with micrtrichia, and bth with shrt setae. Gnstylus widest near apex but nt apically curved

9 and withut preapical tth. Remarks. This species als belngs t the genus Rhecrictpus, but differs frm the abve species and all the previusly knwn species f this genus in that anal pint is brad and lw, apically curved ventrally and with a runded ventral prcess, and gnstylus is nt apically curved and whiut preapical tth. 8. Eukiefferiella isigaefeus sp. nv. (Figs. 6 a-i) Three males were cllected by sweeping at the side f Nakura River n June 30. Hltype: N.385:13 (#1:5:1). Pratypes: N.385:14 (#1:5:2, 3). BL 1.86, 1.72, 1.72 mm, WL 0.84, 0.86, 0.86 mm, WW/WL 0.38, 0.35, 0.35 (very wide). Scutal stripes and pstntum brwn, ther scutal areas and scutellum yellw, abdminal tergites and legs brwnish yellw. Head in Fig. 6 a. Eyes bare, renifrm, ER 1.40, 1.59, Antenna with 13 flagellar segments, AR 0.65, 0.56, 0.66, AHR 0.45, 0.41, P/H 0.81, 0.80, SO all 2, CL 10, 5, 9. Anteprntum (Fig. 6 b) narrwly united, with 2:2, 1:1, 1:1 lateral setae. Scutum and scutellum in Fig. 6 c; DM all 0, DL 4:4, 6:6, 6:7, PA 3:3, 2:2, 3:3, SC 4, 4, 5. Wing in Fig. 6 d. Squama with 3:3, 1:2, 2:4 fringe hairs. R2+3 in cntact with R4+5, VR 1.25, 1.12, 1.33, tip f R4+5 prximal t tip f Cul, R/Cu 0.89, 0.85, Csta slightly extended beynd tip f R4+5. Cu2 nearly straight. Tip f fre tibia (Fig. 6 e) with a lng spur, tip f mid tibia (Fig. 6 f) with 2 shrt spurs, tip f hind tibia (Fig. 6 g) with a lng spur, and a cmb cmpsed f 12 free spines, the shrt spur is absent. flr 0.75, 0.79, 0.77, mlr 0.45, 0.43, 0.45 (unusually small), hlr 0.53, 0.57, 0.50, ftr 0.20, 0.19, 0.22, fbr 2.3, 2.3, 2.0, mbr 2.8, 2.5, 1.9, hbr 2.8, 2.4, 3.3. Pulvilli absent. Abdminal tergites (Fig. 6 h) with small numbers f setae, 8 n I t M, 6 n F, 10 n V and Vt, and 8 n W and W in the hltype. Hyppgium in Fig. 6 i. Anal pint absent, ninth tergite withut lng setae in the middle prtin. Inner lbe f gncxite large and runded, with shrt setae. Gnstylus lng, slender, withut preapical tth. Remarks. This species belngs t the yasuni grup f genus Eukiefferiella Thienemann as defined by Sasa and Kikuchi (1995), since wing vein R2+3 is in cntact with R4+5, squama fringed, eyes bare, and anal pint is absent. It is mst clsely related amng the previusly recrded species t E. tgaeuprima Sasa et Okazawa, 1992, in that tip f R4+5 is prximal t tip f Cul (R/Cu<1.0), DM is absent, and inner lbe f gncxite is single and runded, but in E, tgaeuprima AR is and smaller, SO is 3-4 and larger, VR is and smaller, the numbers f setae n abdminal tergites are much larger (22-24 n tergites I t F, in Fig. 13g, p.173). inner lbe f gncxite is much brader, virga is present, and psterir margin f ninth tergite is cncave medially. 9. Limnphyes isigafegeus sp. nv. (Figs. 7 a-k) A male was cllected by sweeping at the side f Nakura River n June 30. Hltype: N.385:12 (#1:4). BL 1.90 mm, WL 0.80 mm, WW/WL Scutal stripes and pstntum brwn, ther scutal areas and scutellum pale, abdminal tergites largely brwn but with narrw pale bands alng anterir and psterir margins, legs yellw. Head in Fig. 7 a. Eyes

10 bare, renifrm, ER Antenna with 13 flagellar segments, last segment very shrt, AR 0.28, AHR P/H SO 7:7, CL 9. Anteprntum (Fig. 7 b) very narrwly united, with 3:3 lateral setae. Scutum and scutellum in Fig. 7 c. DM 16, DL 4:5, SC 6. Wing (Fig. 7 d) bare but highly granular, squama bare. Csta extended much beynd tip f R4+5. RR 0.73, VR 1.39 (very high), R/Cu Cu2 strngly curved. Tip f frnt tibia (Fig. 7 e) with a lng spur, tip f middle tibia (Fig. 7 f) with 2 shrt spurs, tip f hind tibia (Fig. 7 g) with a lng spur and a cmb cmpsed f 10 free spines, a shrt spur is absent. flr 0.72, mlr 0.40 (very small), hlr 0.57 ftr 0.19, fbr 2.8, mbr 2.8, hbr 4.0. Legs with prminent pulvilli (Fig. 7 h, frnt tarsus V). Abdminal tergites (Fig. 7 i) with relatively small numbers f setae, 10 n tergite 1, 14 n I and m, 16 n F, 22 n V, 18 n ML and W, and24n W. HyppygiuminFig. 7j. Anal pint (als in Fig. 7 k) rbust, acutely angular and with 16 strng setae, situated in the middle f ninth tergite. Psterir margin f ninth tergite acutely prduced in the middle. Inner lbes f gncxite (Fig.7 m) brad and btusely angulate, with 16 strng and shrt setae. Gnstylus widest at abut middle, withut preapical tth. Virga absent. Remarks. This species is prvisinally placed int the genus Limnphyes Eatn, since wing membrane is highly granular, csta is extended, Cu2 strngly curved, and anal pint is triangular, with shrt setae and situated in the middle f anal tergite. Hwever, this species is quite unusual as a member f this genus in that squama is bare, antenna with 13 flagellar segments but last segment is very shrt with AR f 0.28, and inner lbe f gnccxite is very brad and lw, with 16 strng setae. 10. Limnphyes minimus (Meigen, 1818) A male was cllected by sweeping n Munt Omtdake n July 1. N.385:31 (#2:5). BL 1.36 mm,wl 0.68 mm,ww/wl Scutal stripes and pstntum brwn, ther scutal areas, scutellum and legs yellwish brwn. BL 1.36 mm,wl 0.68 mm,ww/wl ER Antenna with 10 flagellar segments, AR 0.83, AHR P/H SO 3:3, CL 12, PN 2:2, DM 0, DL 9:9. PA 5:5, SC 4, SQ 1:1, RR 0.43, VR 1.17, R/Cu 0.96, flr 0.49, mlr 0.45^ hlr 0.53, ftr 0.12, fbr 1.9, mbr 2.8, hbr 2.7. This is a species cmmnin Eurpe, and has been recrded als frm a number f lcalities in Japan. ll. Metricnemus isigageheus sp. nv. (Figs. 8 a-j) Tw males were cllelcted by sweeping n the slpe f Munt Omtdake n July 1. Hltype: N.385:27 (#2:2:1) Paratype: N.385:28 (#2:2:2). BL 2.48, 2.18 mm, WL 0.98, 1.00 mm,ww/wl0.32, Scutal stripes and pstntum brwnish yellw, ther scutal areas and scutellum pale, abdminal tergites largely yellw and with pale bands alng ral and caudal margins, legs yellw. Head in Fig. 8 a. Eyes bare, ER 0.50, Antenna with 13 flagellar segments, AR 0.58, 0.53, AHR 0.43, P/H 1.00, SO 9:9. 10:10, CL ll, 12. Ateprntum (Fig. 8 b) very narrwly united, PN 4:5, 6:5. Scutum and scutellum in Fig.' 8 c. DM 15, 16, DL 12:14, 12:12, PA all 4, SC ll, 10. Wing (Fig 8 d) with numerus macrtrichia n entire membrane and n the principal

11 10 veins, SQ 4:4, 3:4. R2+3 in cntact with R4+5 (unusual as a member f this genus), VR 1.16, 1.21, R/Cu 0.98, Tip f fre tibia (Fig. 8 e) with a lng spur, tip f mid tibia (Fig. 8 f) with 2 shrt spurs, tip f hind tibia (Fig. 8 g) with a lng spur, and a cmb cmpsed f 10 free spines, the shrt spur absent. Tarsi I and I f mid and hind legs withut terminal spurs. flr.89, 0.92, mlr 0.57, 0.59, hlr 0.61, 0.62, ftr 0.15, 0.15, fflr 2.8, 3.1, mbr 2.7, 4.0, hbr 4.0, 3.7. Pulvilli vestigial. Hyppygium in Fig. 8 h. Anal pint large, basal half very wide basally and V-shaped, clthed with micrtrichia, distal half bare and slightly tapered, with runded apex, with 4 r 5 lateral setae n bth sides. Inner lbe f gncxite (Fig. 8 j, drsal view) duble layered, drsal lbe acutely angulate and with numerus shrt setae, the ventral lbe wider and clthed with micrtrichia. Basal lbe (als in Fig. 8 i) brad and runded, thickly clthed with micrtrichia. Gnstylus slender, widest at abut distal 1/3, withut preapical tth. Remarks. This species is cnsidered as belnging t the genus Metricnemus v. d. Wulp, 1874, since eyes are bare, wing with macrtrichia, Cu2 nearly straight, csta is extending beynd tip f R4+5, and anal pint is present, but is unusual in that antennal segments are 13 and nt reduced but AR is very small (0.53, 0.58), the numbers f setae n head, thrax and squama are relatively small, wing vein R2+3 is almst in cntact with R4+5 (usually ending clser t tip f Rl than t tip f R4+5 in Metricnemus). Therefre, it is smewhat related t M ryutanus Sasa et Hasegawa, 1988 cllected n Okinawa Island, but in the latter AR is 0.94, and the numbers f setae n scutum are much larger (DM 20, DL 27, PA 8-ll), and anal pint is larger and strngly cnstricted in the middle. The present species is therefre related t the genus Thienemannia Kieffer as redefined by Saether (1985), but again differs frm it in that eyes are bare. 12. Crynneura isigaheius sp. nv. (Figs. 9 a-k) A male was cllected by sweeping n Munt Omtdake n July 1. Hltype: N.385:32 (#2:6). Very small, BL 0.82 mm, WL 0.40 mm, WW/WL 0.73 (very wide). Scutal stripes and pstntum brwn, ther scutal prtins and scutellum pale, abdminal tergites I tf pale, V t hyppygium brwn, legs yellw. Head in Fig. 9 a. Eyes bare, val, ER Antenna with nly 6 flagellar segments, last segment very shrt and val, AR 0.26, last segment with 16 lng apical setae. Palp very shrt, segments I t F very shrt and val, P/H extremely small, Anteprntum (Fig. 9 b) united, with 1:1 lateral seta. Scutum and scutellum in Fig. 9 c; DM 0, DL 6:5, PA 2:2, SC 2. Wing (Fig. 9 d) bare, venatin typical as a Crynneura species, vein R thickened and united with M, Cu very lng and Cu2 very shrt. Tip f fre tibia (Fig. 9 e) with a lng terminal spur, tip f mid tibia (Fig. 9 f) with 2 terminal spurs, tip f hind tibia (Fig. 9 g) strngly expanded and with a lng spur, and a cmb cmpsed f 14 lng spines, shrt spur absent. flr 0.49, mlr 0.61, hlr 0.48 (all unusual ratis). ftr 0.ll, fbr 2.3, mbr 1.8, hbr 2.2. The cntur f tarsi I t V f frnt (Fig. 9 h), mid (Fig. 9 i) and hind legs (Fig. 9 j, frm tip f hind tibia) as in these figures, tarsi ffi and F are shrt and crdifr, hind tarsus I with a rw f spines.

12 ll Hyppygium in Fig. 9 k. Ninth tergite with a pair f peculiar sharply pinted prcesses in the middle. Anal pint absent, gncxite withut lbes. Gnstylus apically curved, withut preapical tth. Remarks. This species is cnsidered as belnging t the genus Crynneura in view f the structures f head, wings, tips f tibiae and hyppygium, but is quite unusual in the structure f antennae cmpsed f nly 6 shrt segments and last segment has a grup f large numbers f lng setae, and palpi are very shrt, which have nt been bserved in the previusly recrded species f this genus. Part 2. Ntes n species cllected n Irimte Island 1. Chirnmus samensis Edwards, 1929 A male was cllected with a light trap at Funauki n July 3. N.385:49 (#5:1:1). This is a species cmmnly cllected in Japan and the sutheastern Oriental Regin. 2. Crypttendipes iriabeus sp. nv. (Figs. 10 a-k) A male was cllected by sweeping at the side f Kuira River n July 2. N.386:33 (#3:1). BL 3.80 mm,wl 1.51 mm,ww/wl Scutal stripes and pstntum brwnish yellw, ther scutal prtins, scutellum and abdmen yellw, legs entirely yellw. Head in Fig. 10 a. Frntal tubercles absent. Eyes bare, ER Antenna with ll flagellar segments, AR 1.46, AHR 0.61, AHR P/H 1.ll. SO 19:19, CL 17. Anteprntum (Fig. 10 b) widely separated, with 6:4 lateral setae, quite characteristic t this species. Scutum and scutellum in Fig. 10 c. DM 13, DL 13:12, PA 4:, SC 12. Wing (Fig. 10 d) bare, squama with nly 2:1 fringe hairs, R2+3 separated and RR 0.43; VR 1.19, R/Cu Tip f frnt tibia (Fig. 10 e) with a runded terminal scale. Tips f middle and hind tibiae (Figs. 10 f,g) with tw separated cmb scales, bth with a shrt spur. flr 1.73, mlr 0.61, hlr 0.68, ftr 0.26, fbr 2.3, mbr 2.4, hbr 3.5. All legs with large brush-like pulvilli. Hyppygium in Figs. 10 h, drsal, i, ventral view. Anal pint bare, lng, narrw, and apically runded. Ninth tergite with 16 shrt setae arund base f anal pint, Bands f ninth tergite united in the middle. Drsal appendages (Figs. 10 j,k) finger-like and with tw preapical setae. Ventral appendage absent. Remarks. This specimen is structurally a member f the genus Crypttendipes Lenz, 1941, f the Harnischia cmplex f the sub family Chirnminae, since drsal appendage is lng, rd-like and bearing a few subapical setae, ventral appendage is basent, and gnstylus is lng, slightly incurved and withut apical tth. A key t 10 spepcies s far recrded as members f this genus was given by Saether (1977), and tw species have been described frm Japan, C. tamacutus Sasa, 1983, and C. yabeprimus Sasa et al, 1988, but the present spepcies differs frm them at least in the structure and shape f anteprntum, ninth tergite and drsal appendage.

13 12 Yaesecundus gen. nv. A genus belnging t the Chirnmus cmplex f the sub family Chirnminae. Antenna with ll flagellar segments and mst ther structures are tpical as a member f this cmplex, but differs frm all the previusly knwn genera f this grup in that drsal appendage is rughly val and withut setae, ventral appendage is very large and finger-like, bearing 4 basal setae and numerus shrt recurved setae n distal prtin f inner side, and gnstylus is exteremely wide, rughly val in shape. The generic name is taken frm the lcality f cllectin, Yaeyama Islands, which include bth Ishigaki and Irimte. 3. Yaesecundus iribeceus sp. nv. (Figs. ll a-p) Tw males were cllected with a light trap in the twn f Funeuki n July 7. N.385:50, 51 (#5:1:2, 3). BL 4.38, 4.16 mm, WL 1.81, 2.04 mm, WW/WL 0.29, Scutal stripes, pstntum and hyppygium brwn, ther thrax parts, abdminen and legs yellw. Head in Fig. ll a. Small frntal tubercles present (Fig. ll b). Eyes bare, ER 0.19, Antenna with nly ll flagellar segments, AR 2.06, 2.06, AHR 0.59, P/H 0.97, SO 12:14, 16:17, CL 24, 22. Anteprntum (Fig. ll c) united, withut setae. Scutum and scutellum in Fig. ll d; DM 15, 16, DL 10:10, 12:13, PA all 5, SC 7, 10. Wing bare and withut dark marks, venatin in Fig. ll e. SQ 6:5, 6:5. R2+3 slightly separated frm Rl, RR 0.32, 0.29, VR 1.14, 1.ll, R/Cu 1.14, Tip f frnt tibia (Fig. ll f) with a brad and runded terminal prcess. Tips f middle and hind tibiae (Figs. ll g,h) with tw cmb scales, bth with a spur. flr 1.63, mlr 0.56, 0.56, hlr 0.63, ftr 0.32, fbr 2.7, mbr 3.1, 3.5, hbr3.2. Hyppygium in Figs. ll i (drsal), j (ventral view). Anal pint very wide, widest at base and apically truncate, with 3 pairs f drsal setae and 3 pairs f marginal setae n drsal side (Fig. ll k), with an inverted T-shaped ridge and 6 pairs f setae n ventral side (Fig. ll m). Drsal appendage (Fig. ll n) rather small, 88 ^m lng and 28 ^m wide, rughtly val and bearing n setae (quite unusual). Ventral appendage (Fig. ll p) very large, finger-shaped, 220 ^m lng and 40 ^m wide, with 3 basal setae n inner side and 24 shrt recurved setae n inner side f distal prtin. Gnstylus very wide, rughly val, 172 /^m wide and 108 ^m wide, with a small triangular apial spur, a quite unusual shape. Remarks. This species belngs t the Chirnmus cmplex f the sub family Chirnminae, since the general structure is typical as a member f this grup and antenna with nly ll flagellar segments. It is related t the genus Xenchirnmus Kieffer, in that anteprntum is united, pulvilli is well develped, ventral appendage is lng and with setae n distal half, and anal pint is lw and brad, but differs essentirally frm it in that antenna with nly ll flagellar segments and thus belngs t the Chirnmus cmplex, drsal appendage f gncxite is lng, plate-like and withut setae, and gnstylus is extremely wide. Therefre, a newgenus is created in rder t accept this new species. 4. Micrtendipes iricedeus sp. nv. (Figs. 12 a-n) Twmales were cllected by sweeping at the side f Kuira River. Hltype: N.385:34

14 13 (#3:2) n July 2, and paratype: N.385:65 (#6:1) n July 3. BL 2.92, 3.22 mm, WL 1.42, 1.54 mm, WW/WL 0.31, Lateral stripes and pstntum brwn, ther prtins f scutum, scutellum, abdmen and legs yellw. Head in Fig. 12 a. Eyes bare, ER 0.26, Antenna with 13 flagellar segments, AR 1.08, 1.22, AHR 0.50, P/H 1.02, SO 14:14, 12:12, CL 18, 18. Anteprntum (Fig. 12 b) widely separated,, withut seta. Scutum and scutellum in Fig. 12 c; DM 18, 25, DL 22:20, 28:30, PA 6:5, 7:6, SC 14, 18. Wing (Fig. 12 d) bare, withut dark marks, squama with 12:12, 14:13 fringe hairs, R2+3 in cntact with Rl, VR 1.28, 1.29, R/Cu 1.13, Tip f fre tibia (Fig. 12 e) with a lng, narrw and apically pinted terminal prcess. Tips f mid and hind tibiae (Figs. 12 f,g) with tw cmb scales, ne with a lng spur and the ther withut spur. Pulvilli present, brush-like. flr 1.81, 1.75, mlr 0.57, 0.58, hlr 0.77, 0.79, ftr 0.26, 0.29, fbr 3.3, 3.7, mbr 5.4, 4.0, hbr 4.2, 6.2. Oral r anterir margin f 8th abdminal segment is inverted V-shaped like in Plypedilum species, a character nt seen in the previusly knwn species f Micrtendipes. Hyppygium in Fig. 12 h. Anal pint (als in Fig. 12 i) bare, lng, narrw and tapering twards pinted apex. Drsal appendage (Figs. 12 j,k,m) smewhat sickle-shaped, apically hked and pinted, with 1 r 2 inner setae arising at abut basal 1/3, and with ne lateral seta n bth sides in N. 34 (Figs. 12 j,k) but lateral seta is absent n right side drsal appendage in N. 65 (Fig. 12 m). Ventral appendage (Figs. 12 n,p.q) finger-like, with 10 r ll recurved setae, and with a lng caudally directed seta n right side in N.34 and n bth sides in N. 65, but this lng, caudally directed seta is absent in left side ventral appendage in N. 34 (Fig. 12 n), quite an unusual variatin. Gnstylus slender, widest at abut middle. Remarks. This species is structurally a typical member f the genus Micrtendipes Kieffer, 1915, but is quite unusual in that imprtant variatins are seen n drsal and ventral appendages amng the tw specimens and even in the right and left sides. The ral margin f 8th abdminal segment is inverted V-shaped like in the species f Plypedilum, which has nt been seen in the previusly knwn species f Micrtendipes. The variatins in the presence r absence f lateral seta f drsal appendages r apical seta f ventral appendages are als quite unusual. 5. Pentapedilum irideeum sp. nv. (Figs. 13 a-k) Tw males were cllected with a light trap at Funeuki n July 3. N. 385:61 (#5:3:1), paratype. N.385:62 (#5:3:2), hltype. BL 2.28, 2.14 mm, WL 1.12, 1.12 mm, WW/WL 0.32, Scutal stripes, pstntum and abdminal tergites brwnish yellw, ther scutal areas, scutellum and legs yellw. Head in Fig. 13 a. Eyes bare, ER 0.16, Antenna with 13 flagellar segments, AR 0.98, 1.04, AHR 0.45, P/H Frntal tubercles (Fig. 13 b) very small, 6 ^m wide, 2 jum high, and 6 ^m apart frm each ther in the hltype. SO 12:12, ll:10, CL 18, 18. Anteprntum (Fig. 13 c) widely separated, withut setae. Scutum and scutellum in Fig. 13 d; DM 15, 12, DL 16:15, 16:17, PA 4:4, 4:3, SC 12, 13. Wing (Fig. 13 e) with macrtrichia n the veins R, Rl, R4+5 and Cul, and als nly a few n the extreme apical areas. SQ 6:4, 4:4, RR 0.22, 0.20, VR 1.17, 1.22, R/Cu

15 14 Tip f fre tibia (Fig. 13 f) with a brad and runded terminal prcess, terminal cmbs f mid and hind tibiae (Figs. 13 g,h) cntiguus and with nly ne spur. Frnt tarsi all lst, mlr 0.63, hlr 0.78, mbr 4.4, hbr 3.0. Abdminal tergites with relatively large numbers f setae, 28 n 1, 44 n 1, 36 n n and F, 32 n V and "Vt, and 28 n W and W. Hyppygium in Fig. 13 i. Anal pint stut, with lateral ridges but withut setae and micrtrichia. Ninth tergite with a grup f 8 lng setae near the base f anal pint, and ll shrt setae n psterir margin flanking anal pint. Drsal appendage (Fig. 13 j) elngate val, largely clthed with micrtrichia, and with ne basal and 2 median setae, a quite unusual structure. Ventral appendage (Fig. 13 k) lng, narrw, finger-like, with 6 shrt and recurved setae, and ne caudally directed apical seta. Gnstylus lng and slender, widest at abut middle, with an apical seta and 7 shrt setae alng inner margin. Remarks. This basic structures f this species are the same as members f the genus Plypedilum, but is classified int Pentapedilum since it bears macrtrichia n veins and a few n distal prtin f the wing membrane.the next species bears numerus macrtrichia n the wing, a mre typical member f this genus. The ccurence f such a species with nly a small numbers f macrtrichia supprts the pinin t treat Pentapedilum as a subgenus f Plypedilum. The structure f drsal appendage f this species is quite unusual as members f the Plypedilum grup. 6. Pentapedilum uncinatum Getghebuer, 1921 (Fig. 14 a) A male was cllected als with a light trap at Funeuki n July 3. N. 385:63 (#5:4). BL 2.29 mm, WL 1.14 mm, WW/WL ER 0.15, AR 1.27, P/H SO ll:10, CL 21. Frntal tubercles absent. PN 0:0, DM 15, DL 10:10, PA 5:4, SC 9. SQ 2:2, RR 0.35, VR 1.22, R/Cu Tarsi all lst. The abve measurement data and the structure f hyppygium are nearly the same as thse described fr P. uncinatum by Pinder (1978) with British specimens r by Sasa and Kikuchi (1986) with Japanese specimens, but the psitin where lateral seta f drsal appendage arises is abut the middle f distal blade in the present specimen (Fig. 14 a) and thus intermediate between that f P. tritum (in basal half) and P. uncinatum (at distal 1/3). 7. Pentapedilum benkiense Sasa et Hasegawa, 1988 (Fig. 27 a) Eight males, 10 females and 1 pupal skin were btained n July 3, by labratry rearing f fallen leaves cllected at the side f Kuira River. Males: N.386:01-08 (#8:1:16-23). Females: N.386:ll-20 (#8:1:27-37). Pupal skin: N.386:21 (#8:1:38). This species was first described with specimens cllected n Okinawa Island, and later als frm Amami Island t Nagan, Tyama and Amri, Hnshu (Sasa & Kikuchi, p.37). The standard measurement data f a male (N.386:01) amng the present specimens are: BL 2.92 mm,wl 1.28 mm, WW/WL 0.29, ER 0.20, AR 0.75, AHR 0.38, PH 1.02, PN 0:0, DM 21, DL 20:20, PA 5:5, SC 14, SQ 14:14, R2+3 in cntact with Rl, VR 1.40, R/Cu 1.13, flr 1.90, mlr 0.60, hlr 0.75 ftr 0.30, fbr 3.1, mbr 3.2, hbr 5.5. Data f all f 8 specimens are WL

16 15 (1.28 in average f 8) mm, AR (0.72), flr (1.93). Anal pint lng, narrw and slightly tapered twards apex. Drsal appendage (Fig. 27 a) cmpsed f a high and wide base bearing tw inner setae near base, and a distal hrn with a lng lateral seta arising at abut basal 1/4. Ventral appendage lng, finger-like, bearing 10 recurved setae near the apex and a lng caudally directed seta. 8. Plypedilum irifegeum sp. nv. (Figs. 15 a-k) Seven males, 3 females, 3 pupa and 2 larvae were cllected by labratry rearing f fallen leaves cllected n July 3 frm the stream f Kuira River. Males: N. 385:72-78 (#8:1:1-7), females 385:79-81 (#8:1:8-10), pupae N.385:82-84 (#8:1:ll-13), larvae N.385:85, 86 (#8:1:14, 15). Hltype: male, N.385:74 Paratypes: ther 6 males. Male. BL (2.89 in average f 7) mm, WL (1.38) mm, WW/WL (0.33). Scutum, pstntum and abdmen almst unifrmly dark brwn, scutellum brwn, legs entirely yellw. Head in Fig. 15 a. Eyes bare, ER (0.20). Antenna with 13 flagellar segments, AR (0.75), AHR (0.44). P/H (1,14). SO 9-16 (12.6), CL (16.7). Anteprntum (Fig. 15 b) tapering twarrds middle and widely separated with a grve, withut setae. Scutum and scutellum in Fig. 15 c. DM 16-23, all relatively lng. DL (21.6), PA 4-6 (5.2), SC (15.4). Wing in Fig. 15 d. Membrane bare, clrless and plain. Squama with ll-14 (ll.5) fringe hairs. R2+3 in cntact with Rl. VR (1.37), R/Cu 1.ll-1.16 (1.14). Tip f fre tibia (Fig. 15 e) with a sharply pinted terminal prcess. Tips f mid and hind tibiae (Figs. 15 f,g) with tw separated cmb scales, ne with a lng spur and the ther withut spur. flr (2.02), mlr (0.55), hlr (0.74), ftr (0.31), fbr (2.9), mbr (4.2), hbr (6.3). Pulvilli large, brush-like. Hyppygium in Fig. 15 h. Anal pint lng, narrw, parallel-sided but apically pinted. Ninth tergite with 10 lng setae in the middle prtin, and 6 setae n bth sides f anal pint. Drsal appendage cmpsed f a large nearly quadrangular basal prtin and a slightly curved distal hrn, usually with 2 lng inner setae near the base and ne lng lateral seta arising frm abut 1/3 frm base at the angular crner but ccasinally withut laterral seta n ne side (Fig. 15 i, left drsal appendage f N.385:75), r with nly ne basal inner seta (Fig. 15 j, right drsal appendage f N.385:75), r n lateral seta n bth drsal appendage (N.385:73). Ventral appendage (Fig. 15 k) as typical f this grup f Plypedilum, lng, finger-like and with 10 shrt recurved setae and ne lng apical seta. Gnstylus lng and narrw, widest at abut middle, with 4 very lng setae, ne lng apical seta, and 4 shrt setae alng inner margin. Remarks. These specimens shw structures typical as members f the subgenus Plypedilum, but is qute characteristic in the shape f drsal appendage cmpsed f a large quadrangular basal prtin and a slightly curved distal hrn. It is further quite unusual in that, amng the 7 males examined, 5 have a lateral seta n bth drsal appendage, but N.73 has n lateral seta n bth drsal appendages, and N.75 has a lateral seta n right drsal appendage but nt n left drsal appendage. Since all the ther characters f the tw speci-

17 16 mens are the same as the thers, they are included as belnging t the same species. The presence r absence f lateral seta n drsal appendage has been used fr separating the nubeculsum grup and the nubifer grup amng the subgenus, but the presence f such intermediate frms are especially surprising. 9. Plypedilum irigeheum sp. nv. (Figs. 16 a-m) A male was cllected by sweeping at the side f Kuira River n July 2. Hltype: N.385:36 (#3:3:2). BL 1.94 mm, WL 1.06 mm,ww/wl Bdy almst entirely pale yellw, even scutal stripes and pstntum nt discernible by clr. Head in Fig. 16 a. Frntal tubercles absent. Eyes bare, ER Antenna with 13 flagellar segments, AR 0.84, AHR 0.51, P/H SO 10:10, CL 12. Ateprntum (Fig. 16 b) widely separated, withut seta. Scutum and scutellum in Fig. 16 c; DM 12, DL 8:8, PA 3:4, SC 5. Wing bare, venatin in Fig. 16 d. Squama with 4:5 fringe hairs. R2+3 in cntact with Rl, VR 1.29, R/Cu Tip f fre tibia (Fig. 16 e) with a brad and apically pinted terminal prcess. Tips f mid an hind tibiae (Figs. 16 f,g) with tw cmb scales, ne with a lng spur and the ther withut spur. flr 2.20, mlr 0.53, hlr 0.74, ftr 0.33, fbr 4.8, mbr 4.6, hbr 6.4. Hyppygium in Fig. 16 h. Anal pint (als in Fig. 16 i) bare, lng, narrw and apically runded. Ninth tergite with 6 lng setae in the middle prtin and 4 shrt setae n bth sides f anal pint n psterir margin. Drsal appendages (Figs. 16 j,k) cmpsed f a rather narrw base bearing 3 lng inner setae, and a lng, narrw and nearly straight drsal hrn bearing a lng lateral seta arising near the base. Ventral appendage (Fig. 16 m) lng, narrw and finger-like, bearing nly 5 recurved setae and a lng caudally directed apical seta. Gnstylus slender, nearly straight, bearing 4 lng inner setae and an apical seta. Remarks. This specimen belngs t the nubeculsum grup f subgenus Plypedilum, since drsal appendage with a lng lateral seta, and is clsest t P. kurbepallidum Sasa et Okazawa, 1992, in that bdy almst entirely pale yellw, wing unmarked, and basal prtin f drsal appendage is almst as high as brad and bearing lng inner setae, but in P. kurbepallidum distal hrn f drsal appendnage is strngly curved (nearly straight in the present species), lateral seta is arising at abut middle (near the base in the present species), AR is and larger, and flr is and smaller (2.20 in the present species). 10. Prchirnmus iriheius sp. nv. (Figs. 17 a-m) A ttal f 7 males were cllected, 1 by sweeping at Omtdake, Ishigaki, n July 1; N.385:29 (#2:3), and 6 by sweeping at Kuiragawa, Irimte, n July 2; N.385:40-43 (3:6:1-4), 385:47, 48 (#4:2:1, 2). Hltype: N.385:43. Paratypes: ther 6 males. BL (2.61 in average f 7) mm, WL (1.09) mm, WW/WL (0.32). Scutal stripes and pstntum dark brwn, ther scutal areas and scutellum brwn, abdmminal tergites dark brwn, gncxite and gnstylus f hyppygium yellw, femra brwn, tibiae and tarsi yellw. Wing with a cnspicuus dark areas, as in Fig. 17 d. Head in Fig. 17 a. Eyes bare, ER (0.34). Antenna with 13 flagellar segments, AR (0.53), AHR

18 17 (0.41). P/H (1.27), SO (13.1), CL (16.3). Anteprntum (Fig. 17 b) tapering twards middle but very narrwly united, withut lateral seta. Scutum and scutellum in Fig. 17 c. Scutum with a pair f small humeral pits. DM 8-13 (ll.0), DL 9-14 (12.1), PA 2-4 (3.0), SC 8-16 (12.7). Wing as in Fig. 17 d, venatin as in the tribe Chirnmini and nt as in the tribe Tanytarsini, R-Mis nt parallel t the wing axis but frming abut 45 degree angle t it. Squama bare, RR (57.4), VR (1.28), R/Cu (1.10). Wing with tw brad and cnspicuus dark crss bands. Tip f frnt tibia (Fig. 17 e) with a brad and runded terminal scale withut a prcess. Tips f middle and hind tibiae (Figs. 17 f,g) with tw lw and brad cmb scales, bth with a spur, like in Chirnmus species. flr (1.18, very lw as a member f Chirnminae), mlr (0.60), hlr (0.63), ftr (0.20), fbr (2.8), mbr (3.0), hbr (3.4). Pulvilli absent. Hyppygium in Figs. 17 h (drsal) and i (ventral view). Anal pint (als in Fig. 17 j) lng, parallel-sided and relatively narrw, bare and withut lateral setae and micrtrichia. Ninth tergite with acutely angulate psterir marginn, with 5 r 6 setae n bth sides f psterir margin and 6-8 lng setae arising in the middle prtin. Gncxite with three appendages. Drsal appendage (Fig. 17 k) smewhat sickle-shaped, widest at base and inner margin cncave, apically runded, with 2 lateral and 2 r 3 inner setae all arising at the middle prtin, basal seta absent. Median appendage (Fig. 17 m) shrt, with sme 12 lng, simple setae directed inwards. Ventral appendage (als in Fig. 17 m) lng, finger-like, bearing 26 shrt recurved setae n distal half, but withut caudally directed apical seta. Gnstylus lng and slender, nearly parallel-sided and apically runded, with 16 shrt setae n inner margin. Remarks. The basic structure f this species is smewhat intermediate between the Chirnmus cmplex and the Plypedilum cmplex, since antenna with 13 flagellar segments but terminal cmb scales f mid and hind tibiae with tw spurs and anteprntum is narrwly united in the middle, and is quite unusual in that AR is small ( ), wing with tw large dark marks, squama bare, pulvilli absent, and gncxite with drsal, median and ventral appendages similar t that f the tribe Tanytarsini. Such cmbinatin f characters are quite similar t that f a species cllected by Tkunaga (1940, p.302) at Sizyukei, Taiwan, and recrded by the name f Chirnmus (Prchirnmus) bifascipennis, but it differs frm the present species in that AR is 0.91 (larger than in the present species), drsal appendage is widest at abut middle, and pinted and curved apically (widest at base and apically runded in the present species), and thus the present species is described as a new species by raising his subgeneric name as a genus. ll. Stenchirnmus iriijeus sp. nv. (Figs. 18 a-p) A male emerged in the labratry frm fallen leaves cllected at the side f Kuira River n August 8, tgether with a large number f Plypedilum benkiense. N.385:100 (#8-1-25). BL 3.96 mm,wl 1.66 mm,ww/wl Bdy almst entirely pale yellw, even scutal stripes hardly discernible by clr, but ninth tergite and anal pint brwn, apical end and bth