W6R THESIS MAT THE TREATMENT OF ANIMALS WITH ACUPUNCTURE THESIS. VeroniooMathies. Victorian University of Technology

Transcription

1 H M OF ML WH UPUU H by VeronooMathes Vctoran Unversty of echnology rtrfent of Health cences n cupuncture July 992 W6 H M

2 H M OF ML WH UPUU H by VeroncoMathes Vctoran Unversty of echnology epartment of Health cences n cupuncture July 992

3 *HfcH M Mathes, Veronca he treatment of anmals wth acupuncture

4 BL OF O ^ Page Lst of ables Lst of Graphs rv cknowledgments ntroducton ms and Objectves hapter : Bref Overvew of the Hstory of cupuncture hapter 2: Background to tudy 8 hapter 3: he urvey: esgn and Procedures hapter 4: hapter 5: esults onclusons VOP^lU&U.Y OF HOLOGY LBY 35 hapter 6: scussons 4 eferences 44 ppendces 45 fl GO Page

5 L OF BL Page able able 2 able 3 able 4 able 5 able 6 able 7 able 8 able 9 able able able 2 able 3 able 4 able 5 Percentage of nmals reated wth cupuncture 2 Percentage of Veternary Practtoners reatng lmentary ract ondtons n ogs, ats, Horses, ows... 9 verage umber of cupuncture reatments gven for lmentary ract ondtons 2 verage uccess ate for the reatment of lmentary ract ondtons (5 +5) 2 verage umber of cupuncture reatments () and ther uccess ates () for ach ardovascular ondton 2 Hormonal ondtons esults 22 Percentage of Veternarans reatng espratory ondtons n ach nmal wth cupuncture 23 verage umber of cupuncture reatments and uccess ates for each espratory ondton n ach nmal 24 Percentage of Veternarans treatng enal/ Urnary ondtons wth cupuncture n ach nmal 25 verage umber of cupuncture reatments and uccess ates for each Urnary/enal ondton 25 Percentage of Veternarans reatng ervous ystem sorders wth cupuncture n ach nmal 26 verage umber of cupuncture reatments and uccess ates for each ervous ystem sorders n ach nmal 27 he verage umber of cupuncture reatments and uccess ates for Gynaecologcal/Obstetrcal sorders n ach nmal 28 he verage umber of cupuncture reatments () and uccess ates () for kn ondton n ach nmal 28 Percentage of Veternarans reatng ach ondton of the Muscles wth cupuncture n ach nmal 29 VO UVY OF HOLOGY LBY Pa 9 e "

6 able 6 able 7 able 8 able 9 able 2 able 2 verage umber of cupuncture reatments () and uccess ates () for ach ondton of the Muscles Percentage of Veternarans reatng ondtons of the Bones wth cupuncture n ach nmal verage umber of cupuncture reatments () and the uccess ates () for ondtons of the Bones n ach nmal Percentage of Veternarans reatng ondtons of the Jonts wth cupuncture n ach nmal verage umber of cupuncture reatments () gven for ondtons of the Jonts and the uccess ates () Percentage of Veternarans reatng "Other" ondtons wth cupuncture

7 L OF GPH Page Graph Percentage of espondents from each tate Graph 2 reas n whch the espondents Practce; Metropoltan, or ountry, or Both Graph 3 Percentage of cupuncture Only reatment n espondents' Practces Graph 4 Percentage of cupuncture reatments n conjuncton wth onventonal reatment Graph 5 ypes of nmals reated wth cupuncture Graph 6 Overall Percentage of Veternarans treatng lmentary ract ondtons wth cupuncture Graph 7 Percentage of Veternarans reatng espratory ondtons wth cupuncture Graph 8 Percentage of Veternarans reatng enal/ Urnary ondtons wth cupuncture Graph 9 Percentage of Veternarans reatng sorders of the ervous ystem wth cupuncture Graph Percentage of Veternarans reatng ondtons of the Bones wth cupuncture Graph Percentage of Veternarans reatng ondtons of the Jonts wth cupuncture Page v

8 KOWLGM thank r. arl Muller for hs tme, knd suggestons and contrbutons to ths study; hs kndness n dstrbutng questonnares to hs peers at an V emnar, and for supplyng me wth much relevant nformaton for ths research project. thank r. Kerry Watson for all of hs suggestons, contrbutons and gudance to t research project. also thank r.. Phlp for a great supply of relevant and requred conventonal Veternary and Veternary cupuncture texts. thank Greg Horgan, Ulrcke Wurth and r. hrs obnson for materal provded and ther contrbuton to ths research project. also thank all the Veternary Practtoners who responded to the questonnare. hankyou for your tme, nterest and the nterestng comments! nd thank my parents for ther contnued support, fnancal and otherwse, n all m years as a student. Page v

9 OUO n the past decade there has been a growng nterest n the treatment of anmals wth acupuncture. () ue to advances n Veternary Medcne and utrton, anmals are now lvng longer and therefore more than ever, experencng debltatng condtons due to old age. Young anmals also, experence a great many condtons whch are debltatng and panful. () (once) common soluton to the problem of a sck anmal was euthanasa. hs soluton s more economcal and convenent and "puts the anmal out of ts msery". () Veternary medcne, as s human medcne, s now much more advanced, therefore, many condtons experenced by anmals can be kept at bay. scomfort can be eased and for some condtons there are cures. More often than not, such treatments do requre more tme, more tests and more pharmacologcal ngeston, whch often leads to further problems, for ther tests more drugs, sdeeffects, hence, more problems for pet and owner. People have hgh expectatons of what Veternary Medcne can do for ther stock or pets. (> Wth ths n mnd, and wth the Veternaran's desre to search for the most approprate and least expensve treatments for ther patents, they have sought new methods, dfferent modaltes, explored and expermented. Page

10 Veternary acupuncture s begnnng to play a major role n the treatment of many Veternary condtons. t would be qute unrealstc to consder Veternary cupuncture takng precedence over conventonal Veternary medcne. n the treatment of lfethreatenng condtons, conventonal Veternary medcne has a rapd and predctable therapeutc effect, for example, antbotcs for nfectons or blood transfusons for haemorrhagc shock. (4> However, t seems that Veternary cupuncture s fast emergng from beng the treatment of "last resort" to becomng a very valuable and successful complement to conventonal Veternary treatments as well as beng extremely valuable and useful a method of treatment on ts own. Page 2

11 M OBJV he ams of ths study are:. o gve a bref overvew of the hstory of Veternary cupuncture; ts expanson and growth from hna through urope to ustrala and the development of the ustralan Veternary cupuncture ssocaton. 2. o ascertan the condtons treated wth cupuncture by Veternary practtoners and ther percepton of treatment success rates. Page 3

12 HP O BF OVVW OF H HOY OF UPUU VY UPUU H he earlest verfed record of hnese Veternary medcne can be traced to the h ynasty (c. 766 B.. to 22 B..). nmals were treated by prests, specfcally known as the "horse prests". However, there s no wrtten evdence that acupuncture was used n anmals durng ths tme. <6) urng the Warrng tates perod (43 B.. to 22 B..) he Yellow mperors lassc of nternal Medcne or he e hna was recorded. Wth the complaton of ths, the sngle most mportant text n radtonal hnese Medcne, and the reatse of ffcultes oncept or he an hng: the second most mportant text n radtonal hnese Medcne, began the development of the phlosophcal bass of hnese Medcal practce. (6) hnese Medcne had fully adopted the YnYang theory by the end of ths perod and wth ths, acupuncture became a more legtmate and wdespread appeal and nfluenced hnese Veternary medcne. t s beleved that durng the h'n and Han ynastes (22 B.. to.. 22), horse doctors used the e hna and an hna for veternary use. few texts on (5, 6) Veternary Medcne were publshed n ths perod. Page 4

13 urng the hng ynasty ( to.. 92), many sgnfcant advancements took place. Veternary medcne became more establshed wth texts on horses, cattle, camels and pgs beng publshed. everal sgnfcant developments n acupuncture took place wth the publcaton of many texts mportant to present day cupuncture practce. n the 'ang ynasty, ha hna "... was the foundaton for the development of cupuncture and Moxbuston n the 'ang ynasty and had an mportant nfluence n the practce of cupuncture n Japan, France and Korea". urng the 'ang ynasty, formal Veternary medcne educaton was establshed by the 'ang Government, most lkely due to the growng number of horses beng rased for mltary purposes. From 956 to 958, two journals on hnese Veternary medcne began publcaton. he journals contaned artcles on hnese Veternary medcne, theory and dagnoses. Many studes were reported on dsorders treated usng cupuncture, wth good results. hs was the perod the systemc collecton and edtng of the ancent methods of hnese Veternary Medcne and therefore, modfcatons and standardsatons of ths practce were made and students of Veternary medcne were traned n both hnese and Western methods of Veternary Medcne. From 959 onward, new applcatons of acupuncture were developed, for example: acupuncture anaesthesa. More scentfc experments wth acupuncture or anmals were performed and therefore, many new books on hnese Veternary Medcne were publshed. Page 5

14 VY UPUU JP, KO H W Veternary Medcne, ncludng cupuncture, made ts way to Japan and Korea durng the many perods of exchange exstng wth hna. Men were sent to hna from Japan to learn Veternary Medcne. bout the tme of the hou ynasty, Veternary Medcne was ntroduced nto Korea and the emgraton of Koreans traned n Veternary Medcne to Japan, made the art of cupuncture more popular. <6) he frst communcatons between hna and the West were establshed by French Jesuts n the late 5s. cupuncture became recognsed and sponsored by a number of French physcans n the late 6s to late 8s and t became qute prevalent n France n 927. Veternary cupuncture was frst mentoned n French lterature n 836. (6> n the 93s and 94s, a few Veternarans n France, Germany and ustra began usng cupuncture wth lttle, f any, of ther results beng publshed. t was not untl the late 95s and early 96s that more experments were performed wth cupuncture on anmals, namely by Kathbauer (ustra) n the area of reflex pont locaton and cupuncture nalgesa. t was hs contrbutons to Veternary cupuncture whch led to hs electon to the presdency of the nternatonal Veternary cupuncture ocety (V) ( ). cupuncture had made ts way nto the Unted tates and anada by the early 9th entury. (6) Page 6

15 VY UPUU UL n ustrala, veternary acupuncture holds a slow growng status. n early 985, the ustralan Veternary cupuncture ssocaton (V) was formed. n the same year, the ew outh Wales Veternary Board rejected acupuncture as a Veternary modalty. evertheless, tranng courses and semnars have exsted snce then (5> and seem to be on the ncrease. Only 2.5% of veternarans use acupuncture n ustrala (5> although V membershp numbers are ncreasng. he V s playng an mportant role n acupuncture educaton and promoton among the ustralasan veternary communty. he ams of the V are to: o Promote the educaton and practce of Veternary cupuncture. o Promote fellowshp amongst Veternary cupunctursts. o Lase wth offcal bodes. o ssemnate knowledge regardng acupuncture throughout the professon. (7) here are currently one hundred and eght (8) members of the ustralan Veternary (2, } cupuncture ssocaton. Page 7

16 HP WO BKGOU O UY here exsts now, n urope and ustrala, a consderable amount of lterature on veternary acupuncture. Books, journals, artcles, semnar texts and a great many case hstores and, accordng to Luc.. Janssens, too few statstcal analyses. (5) far deal of speculaton exsts as to whether condtons beng treated, n clncal studes and other veternary acupuncture lterature, may have been better treated by conventonal veternary means and, whether cases beng treated wth "clamed" good success, would have "recovered spontaneously n the absence of treatment". (5) hs study s beng undertaken to ascertan the use of acupuncture on anmals by veternary practtoners that are members of the V. By studyng ther responses t s hoped to be found what condtons are beng treated wth acupuncture and wth what success; what type of anmals are most unlkely to be treated for certan condtons, the type of tranng veternary acupunctursts have undergone and what methods of treatment are used. uch nformaton may prove to be of some nterest to the skeptcal not only veternary practtoners but also, the notsocertan publc, many of whom stll regard acupuncture as a strange and mystcal method of treatng dsease. Furthermore, the nformaton n ths study may persuade the veternary practtoner to further ther practce of acupuncture and may even persuade the nonacupuncture practcng veternaran to thnk about takng up the art. Page 8

17 HP H H UVY: G POU plot study n the form of a questonnare was developed (see ppendx ), wth the am of fndng out the use and effectveness of veternary acupuncture by members of the ustralan Veternary cupuncture ssocaton. he questonnare was desgned to ascertan:. What veternary condtons are beng treated wth cupuncture. 2. What types of anmals are beng treated wth cupuncture. 3. he number of treatments gven per condton; and the perceved success rates of the veternary acupuncture treatments. 4. he type of acupuncture tranng undertaken by veternary practtoners. here are currently one hundred and eght members n the ustralan Veternary cupuncture ssocaton (V), accordng to the lst receved by r. hrstopher obnson, former secretary of the V. xty questonnares were dstrbuted at the V/V semnar n ovember 99, by r. arl Muller, a presenter and lecturer at the semnar. Page 9

18 further seventytwo questonnares were sent to the remanng members of the V who had not attended the V/V semnar, wth an ntroductory letter by r. arl Muller (see ppendx ). Of the one hundred and thrtytwo questonnares dstrbuted, responses from fortytwo (32%) veternary practtoners were receved. Of these, only twentysx (9.7%) were completed suffcently enough for use n the study. Of the remanng seventeen questonnares, seven respondents dd not practce acupuncture n the veternary clnc. he remanng ten were ether not completely or comprehensvely completed. esults are presented as percentages and/or numbers. Many of the results are graphed or tabled. Page

19 HP FOU UL UL FOM H PO he followng results are taken from the twentysx (26) questonnares whch returned fully completed. Queston : n whch tate s your Veternary practce? p < 4 c s P O 3 G 2 O P Graph ; 3.9% 3.9% 5.4% 7.7% 7.7! V W QL W /OUY Percentage of espondents from each tate Z Queston 2: n whch area do you Practce? P P O G O P < % 23.% 7.7% Metro ountry Both Graph 2; reas n whch the espondents practce; Metropoltan or ountry or Both Page

20 Queston 3: able l "o you treat nmals wth cupuncture?" f yes, what s the approxmate percentage of anmals you treat wth cupuncture? Percentage of nmals treated wth cupuncture pproxmate % of nmals treated wth cupuncture.5 % 2 % 2 5 % % umber of Practtoners otal Of the twentysx respondents, seven dd not ndcate the approxmate percentage of anmals they treat wth acupuncture n ther clncs. One respondent ndcated 46 anmals per week. On recevng and tabulatng the response to the approxmate percentage of anmals the veternary surgeon treats wth cupuncture, t proved somewhat dffcult to determne an average of the percentages gven. Most responses to the approxmate percentage of the anmals treated wth acupuncture were small percentages; under %. hs does gve some ndcaton that, as a modalty of treatment n the Veternary clnc, t holds a small poston. hs queston may have been presented dfferently n order to obtan some specfc detals. Perhaps: What s the approxmate number of anmals you treat per week/month/year wth acupuncture as opposed to the number or percentage of anmals treated by conventonal means. uch an approach may requre some tme consumng sortng of clnc records by the veternary practce. Page 2

21 Queston 4: Where d You Undergo Your ranng n cupuncture? wo (7.7%) of the respondents underwent tranng at the ustralan cupuncture ollege (a four year tranng program. ght () of the respondents attended Weekend emnars. wo (7.7%) attended a PostGraduate course. wo (7.7%) attended a course held by Box Hll F (a parttme, thrty hour tran program). welve (46.2%) of the twentysx respondents attended "other tranng courses not specfcally specfed. Queston 5: What was the length of your tranng n acupuncture? Ffteen (57.7%) of the twentysx respondents acqured ther tranng n courses l than one week, full tme duraton. even (26.9%) attended more than one week of tranng. wo (7.7%) of the twentysx practtoners attend the four year ustralan ollege cupuncture tranng program and two (7.7%) attended a thrty hourovertwentyweek tranng course at Box Hll F. Page 3

22 One of the twentysx respondents also ndcated an "other" form of tranng; "readng acupuncture books". nother respondent also ndcated an "other" method of treatment the method beng used 25% of the 2% of the treatments wth acupuncture: Homeopathy. Queston 6: of those anmals treated wth cupuncture, what are the methods used and the approxmate percentage of ther use? 9 U 8 MP 7 BO O 2 ( F ' '' "' '' '' ' PG Graph 3; Percentage of cupuncture Only reatment n espondents' Practces U M P B O O F PG Graph 4: Percentage of cupuncture reatments n conjuncton wth onventonal reatment Page 4

23 Queston 7: n your Veternary practce, what type of anmals do you treat wth cupuncture? 96.2% P G F % P % 9.2% ogs G/Hounds Horse at ows Others Only YP OF ML Graph 5; ypes of nmals treated wth cupuncture lthough none of the twentysx respondents ndcated that they treated cows wth acupuncture, there was menton, n queston 4, of cows beng treated for certan condtons by the respondents. Page 5

24 Queston 8: n your experence, are there partcular breeds of anmals that do not respond to acupuncture therapy? wentyone of the twentysx respondents (8.8%) ndcated "O" to ths queston One () ndcated "Y" and added;"... ervous, hard to keep stll ones!" Of the twentysx respondents, three (.5%) specfed nether "Y" or "O", ho made the followng comments: "ot enough experence to say possbly fat ones are less responsve?" "ot experenced enough". "nsuffcent evdence to say. BU? Brds". One of the twentysx respondents dd not respond to ths queston. Queston 9: o you specalse n a partcular area, when usng acupuncture therapy? One () of the twentysx respondents ndcated "Yes" and specfed "keletal" condtons as beng the specalty. wentytwo (84.6%) of the respondents ndcated "o". Page 6

25 o the subqueston: "f yes, what s your specalty..." was one response: "Greyhounds", wth the comment; " tend to treat more greyhounds wth back pan now and snce last Post Graduate course am tmulaton". usng acupuncture for Oestrus hree (.5%) of the respondents ndcated nether "Yes" or "o", however, ndcat wth comments what they tend to specalse n: "Musculoskeletal dsorders...n dogs". "lectroacupuncture for spnal pan...n dogs and cats". "Hgh use wth pnal and nus (cats)... and greyhounds". Queston : when treatng an anmal wth cupuncture, do you dagnose... Of the twentysx respondents, twentyfour (92.3%) use conventonal Veternary methods of dagnoses when treatng an anmal wth acupuncture. One of the twentyfour respondents added: "OM (radtonal hnese Medcne) dagnoss secondary to conventonal". nother added: "fter the V course (of 99) expect to be able to use M dagnoss". nother comment: "onventonal plus some use of the assocate and alarm ponts". One () of the twentysx respondents uses M dagnoss. One () of the twentysx respondents uses both. Page 7

26 Queston : When usng cupuncture herapy, do you use wentythree (88.5%) of the respondents ndcated that they use "ommon (Proven) Formula Ponts for the partcular condton". One () of the respondents ndcated the use of "Ponts ccordng to radtonal hnese agnoss. One () ndcated the use of an "other" method of treatment: the use of "Local Ponts". One () of the respondents ndcated the use of both "ommon (Proven) Formula ponts for the Partcular ondton and "Ponts ccordng to radtonal hnese dagnoss". Questons 2 & 3: (ee ppendx ) Queston 4: Please ote; here may be some dscrepances between the overall number (percentage) of Veternarans treatng a condton and the number (percentage) of Veternarans treatng each ndvdual condton. hs s due to, n many cases, more than one Veternaran treatng more than one condton. Page 8

27 . LMY OO. Percentage of Veternarans treatng each lmentary ract ondton P c G F 8 P < X.5%.5%.5% G V M G 7.7% H P LMY OO Graph 6: Overall Percentage of Veternarans treatng lmentary ract ondtons wth cupuncture able 2: Percentage of Veternary Practtoners reatng lmentary ract ondtons n ogs. ats, Horses. ows... P OG HO OW norexa Gastronterts Vomtng arrhoea onstpaton Pancreatts 23.%.5% 7.7% 7.7%.5% 23.% 7.7%.5% 7.7% 7.7% Page 9

28 able 3: verage umber of cupuncture reatments Gven for lmentary ract ondtons OG HO OW norexa Gastronterts Vomtng arrhoea onstpaton Pancreatts able 4: verage uccess ate for the reatment of lmentary ract condtons (5 +5) OG HO OW c o norexa Gastronterts Vomtng arrhoea onstpaton Pancreatts , "' 2. HP OO umber of Veternarans reatng Hepatc ondtons wth cupuncture Of the twentysx respondents, only one () ndcated that they treat Hepatc ondtons wth acupuncture. he one respondent treats both the followng condtons: Blary uct pasm and Hepatc uct nsuffcency. he respondent treats the condtons n dogs. one of the respondents treated these condtons n cats, horses or cows. Page 2

29 he number of acupuncture treatments gven for: Blary uct pasm n ogs s 4 Hepatc uct nsuffcency n ogs s 3 he success rate for: Blary uct pasm s 5 Hepatc uct nsuffcency s 2 3. OVUL OO umber of Veternarans treatng ardovascular ondtons wth cupuncture wo (7.7%) of the twentysx respondents treat ardovascular ondtons n dogs. Of these respondents: One treats hronc/cute Heart sease n dogs and one treats chronc, cute Heart sease, rrythma and ongestve Heart Falure, all n dogs. one of the respondents treat these condtons n cats, horses or cows. able 5: verage umber of cupuncture reatments () and ther uccess ates ( for ach ardovascular ondton hronc/cute Heart sease rrhythma ongestve Heart Falure VO UVY OF HOLOGY LBY Pa 9 e 2

30 4. OF BLOO FLU wo (7.7%) of the twentysx respondents ndcated the use of cupuncture for the treatment of seases of Blood and Fluds. One () of the respondents treats pstaxs n cats. One () treats raumatc Haemorrhagc nferably n dogs. he average number of acupuncture treatments gven for: pstaxs s 3, and the uccess ate was 3. he average number of acupuncture treatments gven for: raumatc Haemorrhage nferably was and the uccess ate was Zero. 5. HOMOL OO V c ushng yndrome abetes Pan n Back ssocated wth Ovulaton Oestrus nducton Hormonal sease (ot pecfed) Urnary ncontnence nfertlty lx og lx og lx at lx og lx og lx at lx at lx at able 6: Hormonal ondtons esults Key to able 6; : Percentage of Veternarans treatng Hormonal ondtons wth cupuncture. : umber of Veternarans treatng Hormonal ondtons n each nmal. ll: verage umber of cupuncture reatments for Hormonal V: ondtons. verage uccess ate for the reatment of Hormonal ondtons wth cupuncture. Of the twentysx respondents, sx (23.%) treat Hormonal ondtons wth cupuncture. Page 22

31 Graph 7: 6. POY OO Percentage of Veternarans reatng espratory ondtons Wth cupuncture p P 6 F < % 5.4% 9.2%.5% 5% able 7: H s U s s B H P U M H F L U OO P Y M G H Y Percentage of Veternarans reatng espratory ondtons n each nmal wth cupuncture OG HO OW OH c hnts nusts Bronchts/Pneumona hronc Flu espratory stress naesthetc mergency.5% 7.7%.5% 5% 5.4% 6.5% 9.2% 5% ' Page 23

32 able 8: verage umber of cupuncture reatments and uccess ates for each espratory ondton n ach nmal verage umber of reatments verage uccess ates hnts G H w H G H o w H c n nusts Bronch t s/pneumona hronc Flu espratory stress naesthetc mergency Of the twentysx respondents, seventeen (65.4%) treat espratory condtons. 7. L/UY OO Graph 8: Percentage of Veternarans reatng enal/urnary ondtons wth cupuncture P P G F < 2 5.4% 7.7% U Y F Y F.U. L s OO F L L U F U U H L L B L K G Page 24

33 able 9: Percentage of Veternarans treatng enal/urnarv ondton wth cupuncture n each nmal OG HO OW Urnary ract nfecton c s ystts F.U.. enal sease enal Falure Functonal Urethral Blockage 7.7% 7.7%.5% ' ncontnence able : verage umber of cupuncture reatments and uccess ates for each Urnary/enal ondton Urnary ract nfect. verage umber of reatments G H s 2 w H G verage uccess ates H O 5 w H c ystts F.U.. enal sease enal Falure Functonal Urethral Blockage * & "7 m ncontnence 3 4 hs s the average number treatment for the treatment of one of the respondents for cats. he respondent noted that the cat was beng "currently treated". Of the twentysx respondents, nne (34.6%) treat enal Urnary ondtons wth cupuncture. Page 25

34 Graph 9: < 8. H VOU YM Percentage of Veternarans reatng sorders of the ervous ystem wth cupuncture p P 6 o F % 38.5% 46.2% 7.7% 9.2% X P M O V V L M U P L Y Y OO P c U M P L P Y P P O L he overall number of Veternarans treatng dsorders of the ervous ystems seventeen (46.2%). able : Percentage of Veternarans reatng ervous ystem sorders wth cupuncture n ach nmal OG xctaton tates.5% HO cow c O epresson tates nvoluntary Move. Paralyss Paress rauma plepsy 38.5% 46.2% 7.7% 9.2%.5% 7.7% _ pnal ord Pan Page 26

35 able 2: verage umber of cupuncture reatments and uccess ates for each ervous ystem sorder n each nmal verage umber of reatments G H w H verage uccess ates G H w H xctaton tates c epresson tates nvoluntary Movement Paralyss Paress rauma plepsy pnal ord Pan GYOLOGL/OBL O Of the twentysx respondents: One () treats novulaton n dogs. One () treats nfertlty n cats. Four (5.4%) treats Whelpng/ystoca: 7.6% n dogs, n cats, n cows. One () treats Pyometra n dogs. One () treats Vagnal bleedng* n dogs. * Bleedng after Hysterectomy Page 27

36 able 3: he verage umber of cupuncture reatments and uccess ates for Gynaecologcal/Obstetrcal sorders n ach nmal verage umber of reatments verage uccess ates c novulaton nfertlty Whelpng/ystoca Pyometra Vagnal Bleedng G 3 3 H s w H ; G H s w 5 H. K OO Of the twentysx respondents, fve (9.2%) treat skn condtons: 5.4% treat Prurts:.5% n dogs; n cats. 7.7% treat xczema n dogs. treat Hormonal lopeca n cats. able 4: he verage umber of cupuncture reatments () and uccess ates () for ach kn condton n ach nmal () (H) og at og at c Prurtus xczema Hormonal lopeca Page 28

37 . MUULOKLL OO. OO OF H MUL Of the twentysx respondents: eleven (42.3%) treat condtons of the musc even (26.9%) treat Myopathy, and ne (34.6%) treat prans. able 5: Percentage of Veternarans reatng ach condton of the Muscles wth cupuncture n ach nmal og G/Hound at Horse ow c Myopathy prans 23.% 26.9% 7.7% 7.7% 7.7% 7.7% 7.7% able 6: verage umber of cupuncture reatments () and uccess ates () of ach ondton of the Muscles c Myopathy prans G G H U Y H s w 6 G G H U Y H s o w Page 29

38 . OO OF H BO Graph : Percentage of Veternarans reatng ondtons of the Bones wth cupuncture P G O P P O < 5.5% U M F HP U L Y U U / U L B W P P L OO P * H / L U M B P «B K Overall, (23.%) of the respondents treat condtons of the bones. able 7: Percentage of Veternarans reatng ondtons of the Bones wth cupuncture n ach nmal og G/Hound at Horse ow c rauma nhance Fracture epar elayed Unon udden/cute lbow Pan pnal Pan * horaco/lumbar Pan # ore Backs.5% pnal Pan n Greyhounds followng cervcal manpulaton. horaco/lumbar pan wth referred catca. Page 3

39 able 8: verage uwhgr of cupuncture reatments () and the uccess ates () for ondtons of the Bones n ach nmal c rauma nhance Fracture epar elayed Unon udden/cute lbow Pan pnal Pan horaco/lumbar Pan ore Backs () verage umber of reatments G G H U Y.5 c _ 4 H c w 3 () verage uccess ates G G H U Y 5 ~* c 3.5 ~ H ~ c w 4.5. OO OF H JO Of the twentysx respondents, twentythree (88.5%) treat ondtons of able 9: Percentage of Veternarans reatng ondtons of the Jonts wth cupuncture n ach nmal og G/Hound at Horse ow c Osteoarthrts rthrts of the: houlder Knee lbow Hp Vertebrae Hp ysplasa njury/rauma of the Jonts rucate Lgaments rauma pondyloss ntervertebral sc sease Hock rthrts egeneratve Myopathy 38.5% 46.2% 42.3% 6.5% 5.5% 34.6% 69.2% ~.5% 7.7% 7.7%.5% 7.7% ~ _ Page 3

40 H H > W <<«HatfHHHW a o u «QHOW<WW W Q O < t3 QHMU H»HWO>WOH O X O H O O * O 3 Q X J JHO H «<< sa «< O H O H < H W 3 O H a H O HOJ^^ O fa H!5h«X\ QXH ( J<OM< HO >wpt;hwq«<w K H U w Jaos O H H «z w w W K O J W K <«HM(UHHHW O O H W O OO5QHHHO5 Page 32

41 able 2: verage umber of cupuncture reatments () gven for ondtons of the Jonts and the uccess ates () G G H U Y H W G G H U Y H W Osteoarthrts rthrts of the: houlder Knee lbow Hp Vertebrae Hp ysplasa njury/rauma of the Jonts rucate Lgaments rauma pondyloss ntervertebral sc sease Hock rthrts egeneratve Myopathy ^ mm 7.5 ^ OH OO able 2: Percentage of Veternarans reatng "Other" ondtons wth cupuncture V c alves onucklng hronc Lamnts avcular yndrome Keratoonjunctvts Muscular pasm * hronc onjunctvts and Green ye : ow (Horse) (Horse) (og) (og) (at) (og) 3 4 On Gong 3 (og) 3 (at) * 4 (og) 4 (at) Key to able 22: : Percentage of Veternarans treatng "Other" ondtons wth cupuncture. : umber of Veternarans treatng "Other" ondtons wth cupuncture n ach nmal. ll: verage umber of cupuncture reatments gven for each ondton. V: verage uccess ates for the reatments of the "Other" ondtons wth cupuncture. * Whle on treatment (for Keratoconjunctvts) eye s Good. ye deterorates when treatments are too far apart. Page 33

42 Queston 5: s onventonal Veternary Medcne stll the Prmary Method of reatment herapy n your lnc, or s cupuncture becomng the man form of herapy? Of the twenty respondents, twentyfve (96.%) declared that onventonal Veternary Medcne sstll the prmary method of treatment n the Veternary lnc. ome comments: "... Yes conventonal, but ncreasng use as sklls and knowledge and clent acceptance ncrease". "... onventonal by a long way". "... onventonal s stll prmary, Homeopathy 2nd, cupuncture 3rd". "cupuncture only used as a last resort or back up, not used as frst (choce)". "... onventonal Medcne s stll the man form of treatment. stll don't feel confdent enough n my own acupuncture sklls to lett overtake the conventonal approach". Page 34

43 HP FV OLUO t appears that Veternary cupuncture s beng used for qute a few dfferent condtons and wth varyng degrees of success. Of all the condtons lsted n the questonnare, there were only eght (plus the nfectous dsease condtons), whch were responded to by the veternary practtoners. he remanng fftytwo condtons were responded to and some addtonal condtons were added to the lsts by the respondents. he majorty of the condtons were responded to by less than two veternary practtoners. Forty condtons were responded to by ndvdual practtoners. here were fve or less responses to fftyeght of the condtons. Gven ths,t may be dffcult to ascertan the success rates from the opnons of one to fve practtoners, however, one mght get a few deas of what a success rate mght be for the treatment of these condtons. Of the lsted and added lmentary ract ondtons, the condton most treated by the respondents s norexa. When comparng the numbers of acupuncture treatments gven for norexa and the success rates, to the other lsted lmentary ract ondtons, one sees that there s not such a great varaton. he average success rates for the other lsted lmentary ract ondtons (save vomtng) are mpressngly moderate to hgh, when we consder the success rate range gven for queston 4: 5 > +5. he treatment of Pancreatts n dogs, although only treated by one practtoner, acheved a ratng of 5, as perceved by the practtoner. Page 35

44 one of the Hepatc ondtons lsted n the questonnare were responded to by the respondents, however, two of the respondents each added a condton whch they have treated wth acupuncture: Blary uct pasm n dogs and Hepatc uct nsuffcency n dogs. Blary uct pasm acheved a success rate, as perceved by the respondents as fve (5) followng four (4) acupuncture treatments. he success rate for Hepatc uct nsuffcency, as perceved by the respondent s two (2), after three (3) acupuncture treatments. ardovascular ondtons and seases of the Blood and Fluds were the least responded to of all the condtons n Queston 4. ccordng to the results, the ardovascular condtons; hronc/cute Heart sease and rrhythma, wth the average number of acupuncture treatments gven beng 3.7 and 4 respectvely, acheved low () success rates, as perceved by the respondents. success rate of was also gven to the treatment of ongestve Heart Falure, followng only one treatment. t mght be wse to consder why only one treatment was gven. Perhaps the acupuncture worsened the condton or made no dfference tot. Perhaps the anmal was dffcult to treat or, perhaps the anmal ded. gan, a low success rate of zero () was acheved for the condton; raumatc Haemorrhagc nternally (/ of B & FL) after only one treatment. pstaxs, receved a moderate success rate of three (3)followngthree (3) treatments. Whether the success rates mght ncrease, or better sad perhaps, the anmals health mproves more greatly wth more acupuncture treatments, one can only speculate. Further studes mght nvolve the askng for comments on why the Veternary practtoner only gave so many treatments. Page 36

45 For each of the lsted Hormonal ondtons, there was only one () respondent for each. he average number of treatments gven for each condton ranged from 2 to 4. he success rates vared from 4. Most of the success rates were moderate to hgh, whether the condton was treated n dogs or cats. ave ushngs yndrome and abetes (n dogs) whch were rated Zero () as perceved by each respondent. he results receved for the treatment of espratory ondtons wth cupuncture we qute pleasng. he average success rates for the treatment of the lsted espratory ondtons n both dogs and cats and "other" (except Bronchts and Pneumona) were moderate, rangng from he average number of treatments vared somewhat from for naesthetc mergency (an acute event whch requres only one treatment) to 6.3 for snusts. one of the respondents ndcated that they treat Bronchts or Pneumona. he response to the treatment of Urnary/enal condtons wth cupuncture was not overwhelmng. one of the respondents, accordng to the results, treated enal sease. he remanng condtons treated wth acupuncture n dogs, cats and horses receved far to excellent ( and 3.3 5) success rates, followng the average number of acupuncture treatments of 2 > 3.5. For condtons of the ervous ystem, epressve tates and nvoluntary Movement n any anmal, were responded to as beng treated by the respondents (wth acupuncture). Only dogs and cats were ndcated as beng treated for these condtons, and accordng to the success rates as perceved by the respondents (2 to 4), they fared qute well. umber of average treatments ranged from 2 7. Page 37

46 t mght be noted here, that, there does not seem to be a correlaton between to number of treatments gven and the success rate acheved. he responses to the treatment of Gynaecologcal condtons wth acupuncture was not overwhelmng. novulaton, Whelpng/ystoca, Pyometra and Vagnal Bleedng n dogs receved moderate success rate results (each three), as perceved by the respondents. ats treated wth cupuncture for nfertlty and Whelpng/ystoca dd not respond to treatment, accordng to the zero () success rate as perceved by the respondents. However, the cow treated wth acupuncture for Whelpng/ystoca, receved a ratng of fve as a success rate. ccordng to the results of ths survey, kn ondtons do not respond well to acupuncture treatment. Of the three condtons lsted and responded to, Prurtus, n dogs and cats, xczema n dogs and Hormonal lopeca n cats, there was ether no mprovement of the condton or a deteroraton n the condton. ogs fared the worse wth success rates of 2, as perceved by the respondent, followng an average of 5 treatments. ats, who receved an average of 3 to 7 treatments, had no mprovement n ther condton (rated ). t s well known that acupuncture and cortsone do not complement each other at all. hat s, a patent (human or pet) ngestng cortsone, s unlkely to respond to an acupuncture treatment. Many nflammatory condtons, be they nvolvng the skn, lmbs or system, are treated wth cortsone, and, to hazard a guess,t mght be for these reasons that the results, gven by the practtoners, for the treatment of kn ondtons wth acupuncture, are so poor. Page 38

47 he most commonly treated condtons by the respondents of ths survey are Musculoskeletal condtons. lmost all of the success rates for the treatment of the Musculoskeletal condtons, n each anmal were average to above average, whether the average number of treatments s hgh or low. few notable exceptons nclude: the treatment of myopathy n the cat; after four treatments there seemed to be no mprovement, accordng to the success rate of zero () as perceved by the respondent. he treatment of degeneratve myopathy, n dogs wth acupuncture receved a success ratng of 2 to, after four (4) acupuncture treatments. here were no responses for the treatment and success rates of nfectous seases. t s hghly lkely that the majorty of the lsted nfectous seases, whch are usually acute and sometmes qute serous condtons, are more "safely" and effcently treated wth conventonal medcne. n nfectous dsease condtons, the method of treatment used s often a matter of lfe and death. Whether acupuncture would, or has n the past treated such condtons adequately s beyond the scope of ths study. However,t would seem unlkely that a Veternaran would rsk treatng serous condtons, where the anmals' condton often deterorates rapdly wth acupuncture only. he condtons, referred to as "Other" condtons added to the lst by the respondents, vary n anmals treated, number of treatments gven and success rates. lthough all of the "Other" condtons were lsted by ndvdual practtoners, the success rates seem qute promsng. Page 39

48 HP X UO lthough only the average number of acupuncture treatments and success rates are gven, and consderng that each anmal s an ndvdual; wth ndvdual healng capactes; dfferent ages and breeds, these fgures may gve somewhat of an dea of how many treatments are gven on average and what the outcome (success) of the treatment mght be. t mght be noted that the number of treatments dd not vary a great deal. t was found that, n some condtons, a large number of acupuncture treatments was gven, to result n ether low or hgh average success results, as perceved by the respondents. On the other hand, some condtons were treated only a mnmum of tmes wth success rates rangng from poor to very good, as perceved by the respondent. onsderng such varaton of results, t mght be of value to further research the are of conventonal medcne and acupuncture therapy, and the condtons treated wth ether or both. Perhapst s certan drugs used for certan condtons whch hnder the acupuncture therapy. Perhaps the result of acupuncture s not "fast" enough for the practtoner to consder further treatments. t would be nterestng to survey what the veternary practtoner perceves to be the reasons for low success results n certan condtons as opposed to hgh success rates n others. t s wth such results that one mght be nclned to compare the overall success rate of drug therapy to the overall success rate of acupuncture therapy. akng nto account the sde effects the drugs have on the anmal and the length of treatment, recovery rate acheved wth drug therapy to the length and number of treatments requred and the recovery rate acheved wth acupuncture therapy. Page 4

49 uch a focus mght requre responses from nonacupuncture practsng veternarans and acupuncture practsng veternarans. t mght be of some beneft, or just nterestng, as a further research task, to work ou a way around the effects of cortsone; the effects cortsone has on the body and why acupuncture treatments seem unsuccessful wth cortsone treatment. here are ways to reduce the effects of cortsone on the body wth acupuncture. Perhaps there s a way of treatng condtons whch call for cortsone, wth acupuncture too and acheve success. YP LGH OF G Wth regards to the length and type of tranng had by the veternaran practtoners, there does not seem to be a clear correlaton between the latter and the percentage of acupuncture used on anmals. o be sure that there was no correlaton however, would requre more nformaton and the approprate statstcal analyses. Page 4

50 VG VG OF VY UPUU (ee ppendx ) When lookng at the advantages and dsadvantages of veternary acupuncture, one sees "tme consumng" as a typcal response. When comparng, western medcne to acupuncture therapy; western medcne s known n varous nstances, to have "fast results", whereas acupuncture, a therapy based on balancng and restorng the body's functons, seems to "take longer". t s here where the nacceptance and skeptcsm seems to arse, not only n the owners of the patents, but perhaps also n many nonacupuncture practsng veternarans who are expected to offer quck results and relef to ther patents. lents, more often than not, expect a "quck cure" for ther pets' alments. t s perhaps here we mght educate the clent a lttle. rugs, wth ther unfortunate added sdeeffects keep sgns and symptoms of certan condtons under control, mght be a far opton, whle acupuncture mght brng on gradual, lastng relef wth no added sde effects. (ounds too good to be true, perhaps!) he use of both mght be more favourably consdered for fast, lastng relef! (hs however, would depend on the drugs n therapy used, of course!) rugs alone, may for some condtons offer lastng relef, however, how often s ths possble? For example, the common problem of flea allergy usually treated wth cortsone: the treatment of acute nfectons wth antbotcs offers quck relef wthlttle or no lastng sde effects, yet, the treatment of eplepsy wth drugs, can go on for years, wth added adverse reactons. Here, perhaps consder acupuncture. Page 42

51 t seems that acupuncture therapy s slowly becomng a more accepted method of therapy n the veternaran clnc. Wth the slowly ncreasng use of acupuncture, more acceptance and, not to forget, the ncreased amount of tranng and lterature avalable n veternary acupuncture, s certanly a sgn of growth and nterest n the art. nd as t grows, let us be hopeful that the ssues of drugs opposes acupuncture be taken on or studed, so that more anmals from all over may beneft. Wth the fgures presented n ths study, t s hoped that the veternaran may consder broadenng hs or her acupuncture sklls n dfferent condtons. Whle the nonacupuncture veternaran mght consder "havng a bash" at acupuncture therapy n her/hs clnc. LLY Whle sortng through the many pages of results and tabulatng them n a form that best seemed ft, have foundt somewhat dffcult to make any sgnfcant correlatons. refer to, makng a correlaton between the type and length of tranng a veternaran has had, to the success rates that are acheved n the treatment of certan condtons wth acupuncture. t seems, accordng to varous comments, that the more acupuncture s practsed the more sklls are attaned. t s my man hope, that the veternaran nterested n usng acupuncture therapy on ther clents wll fnd ths array of results nterestng and useful and perhaps encourage them to expand ther horzons n acupuncture therapy. Page 43

52 F heldon ltman: cupuncture herapy n mall nmal Practce. (2) Ulrke Wurth: Veternary cupuncture: n Hstorcal Overvew and ts pplcaton n Western Practce oday (3) r. hela Whte: Very Bref ntroducton to Veternary cupuncture n the West. chool of Veternary tudes, Murdoch Unversty. (4) r. avd Glchrst, B.V.c.(Hons.),p.cupuncture: Manual of cupuncture. r. avd Glchrst, 98. Post Graduate ommttee n Veternary cence, Unversty of ydney n conjuncton wth the ustralan Veternary cupuncture ssocaton, Proceedngs 67: cupuncture n nmals. 59 July 99. lan M. Klde, VM and hu H. Kung, Ph..: Veternary cupuncture. Unversty of Pennsylvana Press/977. (7) ustralan Veternary cupuncture ssocaton econd nnual onference otes. ov. and Melbourne, ustrala. (8).. Blood B.V.c and J.. Henderson,.V.M., M..: Veternary Medcne hrd dton. Ballere, ndall and assell, London, 968. (9) r. avd Glchrst, B.V.c. (Hons.), p. c: Greyhound cupuncture. Pro Prom Pty. Ltd Page 44

53 PP ppendx : Letters to practtoners and survey on the treatment of anmals cupuncture. ppendx : Lst of veternary practtoner quotes of the dvantages sadvantages of cupuncture. Page 45

54 PPX Prahran Veternary Hosptal oorak Veternary lnc 646 MLV O. PH 38 LPHO: 5335 r. arl Muller Ply. Ld. & ssocates BV.. M...V.. r. Peter Jull B.V. HO. M...V.. "fc &U^ft\fft.tM&rtUs t/ftf UL«\ M«thn /<z~e j{ a /. rl. J *. 's Hut an( ttvuh VM Q.V..t) /(<>*#& \r>. {.v o^cj^y' Page 46

55 PPX ear Practtoner, : he treatment of anmals wth cupuncture. am a fourth year student wth the ustralan cupunture ollege n Melbourne am undertakng a survey of Veternary Practtoners who use cupuncture as a method of treatment, as part of a ollege requred research project. would very much apprecate your partcpaton n ths survey. Please note, do not requre your name or address on the questonarre and any detals you provde wll be kept n confdence. Would you please be so knd as to return the questonarre n the stamped addr envelope by Frday the 3th of ecember 99, at the very latest, as a tme lmt has been placed for the completon of ths research project. f you have any queres please do not hestate to call me on; (3) (H) or (3) 8977 (BH) hank you for your assstance and cooperaton. Yours fathfully Veronca Mathes Page 47

56 PPX UVY M H M F ML WH UPUU. Please ndcate the approprate answer. n wnch tate s your Veternary practce? n whch urea do you practce V Metropol t an. ountry. o y o u t r c a t n m a s w t n c u p u. n c t u r e? Yes" o f no,there s no need to contnue wth ths urvey f yes,what s he approxmate percentage of nmals you treat wth cupuncture: where dd you. undergo your tranng n cupuncture '? what was the enght of your tranng n cupuncture? < week full tme week full tme > month full tme ( year) (. 2 years) ( 3 years) ( 4years) please state other Gf those nmals v.eated wth cupuncture,what ere the methods used r and the approxmate percentage of ther use? c up unc t ur e on y '/. cupuncture and convento.na Veternary medcne combned Other.pea.se state and 7. n your Veternary practce,what type of nmals do you treat wth cupuncture. 'OQ G r e y h o u n d s o n y Hor ses ows Other (eg.abbt.possum.brds)_ n your experence,are there partcular breeds of nmals that do not respond well to cupuncture therapy? Yes" o f yes,please state Page 48

57 PPX '. o you specalse n a partcular area,when usng cupuncture therapy"' b) o c) f yes,what s your specalty....of treatment.type of nmal eg.greyhound,horse.when treatng an nmal wth cupuncture,do you dagnose... a) Usng conventonal Veternary methods? b) Usng radtonal hnese Medcal dagnoss? c) Both? d!) Other? Please state.when usng cupuncture therapy,do you use... a) ommon (proven) formulas for the partcular condton? b'> Ponts accordng to radtonal hnese d agnos s Y c) Other methods? Please state._. 2.What do vou fnd to be the advantages of usng cupuncture therapy? 3.What do vou fnd to be the d sadvantaaes of usna cupuncture therapy? Page 49

58 PPX,4. Please fll n the followng tables. OLUM : ommon condtons experenced py anmals (please crcle the ones you treat wth acupuncture.) OLUM 2 : ndcate type of nmal: OG ; B"" ; HO OW ; OH OLUM 3 : veraae number of treatments for the condton OLUM 4 : reatment uccess ate cale: you would gve Please ndcate,4,3,2,,,,2,3,4,5, where:5 = severely worse: = no effect; 5 = complete cure OO. L*. Y. nor ex a.gastrcenter t s.vom tng. v. ar r hoe a v. onstpavon ut her 2.LV.Jaundce.Hep at t s Otner 3. V U!_. h r on c / c ut e Heart Falure.rrythma ll.ongest vs Peart Falure Other 45 ~F "BLOO/FLU.pstaxs. Oedema. naema Otner 5. HOMOL YP OF ML VG O.M B O U 5t H t".pp.oy.hn t s. nus t s.bronch t s/pneum. v. hr on c F u / u esp. O st r ess v. naesthetc merqencv!.. L_. Page 5

59 PPX OO 7.L/U Y. Ur nar v r ac t n fee on. yst s.enal sease v.enal Faur e! _J L tr. 3.VOU YM j.: < ;c t at on t at es. epress ve tat(== j.nvoluntary Movement v. r'^.r a ys s v. P$:r es s v. r auma v.pepsy Other 'YP OF ML 9. G Y M L G L / B 7 L. rovul at on.nfertlty. Wh e p n g / d y st oc a v.etaned Placenta :::::::: v.c aacae v.fase Preonancy v r Pyometra Other!«>«K.!'V. Prur t s.xczema.nor mona Otner lopeca "l 7 MUULOKLL MUL.Myopathy.pra ns uthe' BO.Osteomyel t s.rauma. n.hanc e Fr ac t ur e epa r v.e ayed Un on Other "" " r w _ ::::::::! V. *G MO.M B J :::: r t " r.. (._~ " l sue.: B "! j r r ~~! ~j ;. ~ :::x:cj ~3Z:O : ; _.!"! j 7 ~ j J rz; 55 ' : ; ; [_j 2_r : j ~ 7 ' _!!.!! «h _J J Z ; _. _!! M_7] t :::::: j t ; j j j Page 5

60 ; : ' PPX OO.MUULOKLL cent. JO.Ost eoar t hr t s. rthr s of: a!) hou der b)knee z ) lbow d >Hp!=') Ver t ebr as.hp spasla' v.njur y/rauma v. r uc at e L gament rauma Ot her v.ntervertebral sc sease nt her Fols~"'" n c on. uc t on wt h nvent c c or a ms ckne) OG.Parvov rus.hepat s. stemper.pel ne enter t s. at F" u HO OW OH! 3.PL Y OHF : O: : O * YP OF ML ' L j ;! ~"! ""' t!! ; J > L!, ~ f! ^! : VG MO.M U ' 55 _! B ] '~ L44_ r _ _ J j!! ;!. ;!! j!! J J_ ' ' ^!, J! j _.._J _J.J!! '.! ' _l_.! ' l l j j j,..,, J _ ;:" J _ : : _._':: 5.s conventonal Veternary medcne stll the prmary method o treatment therapy n your clnc,or s cupuncture becomng the man form of therapy? J t Page 52

61 PPX VG OF UG UPUU... H QUO. rug Free. Holstc. Good results. Well accepted by nmal and Owner. Few sde effects. 2. Works where other treatments sometmes don't. ondrug therapy. 3. o drugs (can > sdeeffects). More promnent "cure". reatment of some condtons whch have no other treatment. 4. xcellent response to some condtons whch are not treated well by conventonal means. 5. ometmes helps where nothng else wll. heap alternatve to expensve work up (Xrays, barum meals, blood tests, etc.). atural and "rug Free". 6. rgger ponts partcularly advantageous (ogs). pnal condtons (ats). 7. ffectve n cases where Western medcne neffcent or where Western medcne has sdeeffects. 8. o drugs. ot very nvasve. Good owner/clent acceptance. 9. cupuncture mostly for those where conventonal offers no further satsfactory treatment, e.g. anmals unable to tolerate, weak, aged, debltated patents, energy, mood elevaton, allevaton of anmals' condtons).. f works longer lastng effect. advantage used drugs (sde effects).. Occasonally works where Western medcne has not been successful. Owner preference n some cases. vod drug sde effects (f they've been a problem). 2. mple technque. asly performed. Often qute dramatc mprovement. 3. reats area locally. 4. When conventonal medcne faled/nsuffcent/not avalable. When cost prohbts conventonal therapy (eg. spne, xray). 5. Gves longer term drugfree treatment, for arthrts, hp dysplasa. Page 53