Diversity, impact and control of chlamydial infections in ruminants. David Longbottom Moredun Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
|
|
- Noreen Cox
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Diversity, impact and control of chlamydial infections in ruminants David Longbottom Moredun Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
2 Chlamydial diversity Chlamydiae Obligate intracellular bacteria Variety of diseases with a wide host range Biphasic developmental cycle: EB & RB
3 Chlamydial Developmental Cycle RB
4 Chlamydial diversity Chlamydiae Obligate intracellular bacteria Variety of diseases with a wide host range Biphasic developmental cycle: EB & RB Superkingdom: Bacteria (Eubacteria) Superphylum: Chlamydiae/Verrucomicrobia Group Phylum: Chlamydiae Class: Chlamydiae Order: Chlamydiales Family: Chlamydiaceae Taxonomic re-classification in 1999 [Everett et al.] Chlamydiaceae and Chlamydia-like organisms 2 genera: Chlamydia & Chlamydophila 9 species
5 Chlamydial diversity Since 1999 Chlamydia-like organisms reported from huge range of sources/hosts Waste water plants Rivers Arctic/Antarctic sediment Arthropods Isopod crustaceae Insects Spiders Scorpions Bats Reptiles Fish 2011 Single genus: Chlamydia
6 Chlamydial Taxonomy (2011) Phylum. Chlamydiae Class I. Chlamydiia class. nov. Order I. Chlamydiales Family I. Chlamydiaceae Genus I. Chlamydia Family II. Candidatus Clavichlamydiaceae Genus I. Candidatus clavichlamydia Family III. Criblamydiaceae Genus I. Criblamydia Family IV. Parachlamydiaceae Genus I. Parachlamydia Genus II. Neochlamydia Genus III. Protochlamydia gen. nov. Family V. Candidatus Piscichlamydiaceae Genus I. Candidatus Piscichlamydia Family VI. Rhabdochlamydiaceae fam. nov. Genus I. Rhabdochlamydia gen. nov. Family VII. Simkaniaceae Genus I. Simkania Genus II. Candidatus Fritschea Family VIII. Waddliaceae Genus I. Waddlia
7 Chlamydial Disease Species Chlamydia trachomatis Chlamydia pneumoniae Chlamydia muridarum Chlamydia suis Chlamydia caviae Chlamydia felis Chlamydia psittaci Chlamydia abortus Chlamydia pecorum Typical Host Humans Humans, Koala, Horse Mice, hamsters Swine Guinea pig Cats Birds, poultry Ruminants, swine Ruminants, swine Infection/Disease STI, PID, salpingitis, trachoma Pneumonia, Bronchitis Respiratory, Genital, (Model System) Enteric, Respiratory, Reproductive Ocular, Genital, (Model System) Conjunctivitis Respiratory Abortion Enteritis, Pneumonia, Conjunctivitis, Metritis, Polyarthritis, Mastitis, Encephalomyelitis
8 Chlamydia abortus: The most common diagnosed cause of infectious ovine abortion in the UK Veterinary Investigation Disease Analysis (VIDA) Ovine Fetopathies ,5 2,9 1,2 1,2 7,4 24,1 12,3 43,5 44,7 14,9 26,9 4,1 6,8 0,7 0,7 1,6 2,5 Chlamydophila abortus Campylobacter spp Listeria monocytogenes Arcanobacterium pyogenes Toxoplasma gondii Salmonella spp Bacillus licheniformis Other Chlamydophila abortus Campylobacter spp Listeria monocytogenes Arcanobacterium pyogenes Diagnosis not reached Toxoplasma gondii Salmonella spp Bacillus licheniformis Other
9 Sheep, goats Chlamydophila abortus Enzootic Abortion of Ewes (EAE) / Ovine Enzootic Abortion (OEA) Cattle, pigs, deer, horses Humans
10 Enzootic Abortion of Ewes Pathogenesis and control of C. abortus infection Immunopathogenesis/molecular pathogenesis: Define mechanisms that trigger immunopathology - Maternal and foetal immune response Mechanisms underlying latency & persistence Identify and characterise the protective immune response - Innate and adaptive immunity Characterisation of the pathogen - membrane + exported proteins - genomic, transcriptomic & proteomic analyses - structure/function Control strategies: diagnosis (serological & molecular) prophylaxis flock management
11 EAE Pathogenesis at 6-8 days post-infection organism becomes undetectable in non-pregnant ewe latency involves suppression of the organism by interferon γ infection in female only becomes apparent during pregnancy organism detectable at dg infection establishes in foetal chorionic epithelium (trophoblast) necrosis develops in placenta abortion occurs at dg after abortion maternal antibody levels rise which coincides with the ewe developing protective immunity protective immunity involves both humoral and cell-mediated responses
12 McGeady et al 2006 Blackwell Publishing
13 Cotyledons associated with rounded elevations of the uterine endometrium called caruncles. Placental chorionic villi extend into the crypts of the uterine caruncle and interdigitate with the maternal septa At around 60 days gestation, haematomas develop at the bases of the chorionic villi, likely results from leakage of blood from peripheral capillaries in the maternal septal tips
14 Ovine Enzootic Abortion (OEA)
15 Ovine placentome
16 120 days gestation (50 dpi) Inclusions visible in chorionic epithelium
17 mab 13/5 (chlamydial LPS) Anti-LPS mab: chlamydial antigen & inclusions Vasculitis with luminal platelet adhesion Partial or complete thrombosis Thrombosis Pathological processes may be triggered by locally produced LPS and by interaction of chlamydial effectors and surface antigens LPS shown to cause thrombus formation and inducing TNFalpha production in mice
18 mab 49.1 (MHC II) Few CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in inflammatory infiltrate Few B cells Numerous cells expressing MHCII mononuclear Most cells consisted of monocytes/macrophages mab VPM 65 [CD14] (macro/mono) Macrophages (CD14) in deeper zones of inflammation in mesenchyme, plus some also in arterioles and arteries
19 mab VPM 65 (macro/mono) Few cells expressing IFN-gamma mrna Numerous mononuclear cell types expressing mrna encoding for TNF-alpha within infected arterioles and arteries as well as inflammatory exudate Results in inflammation and destruction of placental tissue TNF-alpha (mrna in situ)
20 Ovine chlamydial abortion placental pathology Summary C. abortus infects chorionic epithelial cells (trophoblast) Destruction of chorionic epithelium Release of chlamydial LPS Triggers foetal cell mediated immune response Monocyte/Macrophages/MHC II/TNF-α Inflammation/oedema placental membrane Arteritis Platelet adhesion/thrombosis Hormonal balance affected: progesterone ( ), oestradiol ( ), prostoglandin E2 ( ) affected (Leaver et al., 1989) precipitates abortion
21 EAE transmission Contaminated environment: vaginal discharges, infected placenta & foetus Venereal / mechanical Vertical transmission ABORTION 2-3 weeks pre-term WEAKLY LAMBS
22 Zoonoses
23 Human foetopathy and Chlamydia abortus 1956 C. psittaci identified placenta Giroud et al 1967 serology +ve Roberts et al Terskikh et al Beer et al 1985 C. abortus isolated / IHC Johnson et al 1985 serol + IHC McKinlay et al 2000 PCR +ve Kampinga et al
24 Human foetopathy and Chlamydia abortus Clinical signs 1 fever, headache, nausea, malaise 2 spontaneous contractions 3-8 days after onset delivery stillborn infant 3 disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) profound thrombocytopenia renal/hepatic dysfunction myocardial symptoms
25 Human foetopathy and Chlamydia abortus
26 Farmer / Scotland (28 weeks) Vet / Scotland (25 weeks) Farmer / Netherlands (26 weeks)
27 Pathogenesis: Chlamydia abortus Ovine infection Subacute/chronic Human infection Peracute/acute necrosis + inflammation (macrophages and TNF-α) grave risk to fetus minimal risk to ewe destruction trophoblast cells DIC grave risk for fetus and mother
28 Chlamydia abortus Vaccines: Vaccine development (DIVA vaccine) Commercial vaccines: live, attenuated ts mutant Enzovax (Intervet) Cevac Chlamydophila (Ceva Animal Health)
29 Vaccine strain discrimination CAB153 (SfcI) M S26/3 AB7 1B CAB636 (HaeIII) M S26/3 AB7 1B bp 177bp 142 bp 118bp 74 bp 44 bp CAB648 (Sau3AI) M S26/3 AB7 1B Placental samples from 35 cases submitted: 88/89 bp 67bp 21 from non-vaccinated flocks: all wildtype genotype 14 from vaccinated flocks: 5 (8 samples) had 1B vaccine genotype 3 samples from an Enzovax trial (1994) also had 1B genotype
30 Vaccine strain discrimination CDS Genomic SNP Mutation Nucleotide identified in position of SNP class e S26/3, AB7 1B Field cases 1994 samples #1-2, 6-8 #15-17 CAB G A Non G A A A CAB C T Non C T T T T C Syn T C C C CAB A G Syn A A A A Sequencing of 3 additional genes confirmed the presence of 1B in the 5 cases and samples Identical mutations were present both in 2008 and 1994 which suggests the vaccine has not changed Wheelhouse et al., Evidence of Chlamydophila abortus vaccine strain 1B as a possible cause of Ovine Enzootic Abortion. Vaccine 28,
31 Ovine/Bovine fetopathies: VIDA Ovine Fetopathies Bovine Fetopathies ,9 1,2 1,2 4,5 7,4 12,3 43,5 5,2 23,2 0,2 5,4 2,3 0,2 9,2 11,9 2,4 26,9 1,7 5,3 22,6 10,3 0,2 Chlamydophila abortus Campylobacter spp Listeria monocytogenes Arcanobacterium pyogenes Toxoplasma gondii Salmonella spp Bacillus licheniformis Other Brucella abortus Arcanobacterium pyogenes Campylobacter Chlamydophila abortus Leptospira Listeria monocytogenes Salmonella spp Bacillus licheniformis Coxiella Neospora Fungi of any species IBR BVD Other 0,0 1,3 0,60,1 2,30,62,4 2,5 0,0 5,6 44,7 24,1 6,8 14,9 77,5 1,3 0,4 1,3 4,0 4,1 0,70,7 Chlamydophila abortus Campylobacter spp Listeria monocytogenes Arcanobacterium pyogenes Diagnosis not reached 1,6 2,5 Toxoplasma gondii Salmonella spp Bacillus licheniformis Other Brucella abortus Arcanobacterium pyogenes Campylobacter Chlamydophila abortus Leptospira Listeria monocytogenes Salmonella spp Bacillus licheniformis Coxiella Neospora Fungi of any species IBR BVD Other Fetopathy diagnosis not reached
32 Chlamydial diversity Isolation of chlamydia-like organism from aborted bovine fetus Dilbeck et al Isolation of a previously undescribed rickettsia from an aborted bovine fetus. Kocan et al Development of a rickettsia isolated from an aborted bovine fetus. Henning et al Neospora caninum and Waddlia chondrophila strain 2032/99 in a septic stillborn calf. Discovery and ultra-structural analysis of several endosymbionts of free-living amoebae Lewis et al Microbiological and serological studies of an outbreak of humidifier fever in a print shop [Hall s coccus]. Michel et al Acanthamoeba from human nasal mucosa infected with an obligate intracellular parasite. Parachlamydia acanthamoeba Collingro et al Candidatus Protochlamydia amoebophila', an endosymbiont of Acanthamoeba spp. Description of a conspicuous bacterium growing as a contaminant in a cell culture within cytoplasmic phagosomes Kahane et al Description and partial characterization of a new Chlamydia-like microorganism. Simkania micro-organism Z Associated with community acquired pneumonia in adults, bronchiolitis in infants and COPD.
33 Emerging bovine chlamydial infections Growing body of evidence suggesting an association between bovine abortion, human respiratory infections and human miscarriage with infections due to chlamydia-like organisms Borel et al Chlamydia-related abortions in cattle from Graubunden, Switzerland. [Parachlamydia] Borel et al Parachlamydia spp. and related Chlamydia-like organisms and bovine abortion. Baud et al Waddlia chondrophila, a potential agent of human fetal death. Baud et al Emerging role of Chlamydia and Chlamydia-like organisms in adverse pregnancy outcomes. [Parachlamydia] Haider et al Chlamydia-like bacteria in respiratory samples of community-acquired pneumonia patients. [Protochlamydia amoebophila, Waddlia chondrophila, and 'Candidatus Rhabdochlamydia porcellionis ] Ruhl et al Evidence for Parachlamydia in bovine abortion. Baud et al Evidence of maternal-fetal transmission of Parachlamydia acanthamoebae Greub et al Parachlamydia acanthamoebae, an emerging agent of pneumonia. Lamoth et al Parachlamydia and Rhabdochlamydia in premature neonates.
34 Chlamydial Taxonomy (2011) Phylum. Chlamydiae Class I. Chlamydiia class. nov. Order I. Chlamydiales Family I. Chlamydiaceae Genus I. Chlamydia Family II. Candidatus Clavichlamydiaceae Genus I. Candidatus clavichlamydia Family III. Criblamydiaceae Genus I. Criblamydia Family IV. Parachlamydiaceae Genus I. Parachlamydia Genus II. Neochlamydia Genus III. Protochlamydia gen. nov. Family V. Candidatus Piscichlamydiaceae Genus I. Candidatus Piscichlamydia Family VI. Rhabdochlamydiaceae fam. nov. Genus I. Rhabdochlamydia gen. nov. Family VII. Simkaniaceae Genus I. Simkania Genus II. Candidatus Fritschea Family VIII. Waddliaceae Genus I. Waddlia
35 Initial investigation Pooled fetal tissue samples (brain, heart and/or placenta) from cases of bovine abortion submitted by SAC for Neospora testing Chlamydiales specific 16S rrna PCR [Ossewaarde & Meijer, 1999] 22 (26.5%) of 83 samples tested were Chlamydiales positive All Chlamydiaceae negative (23S rrna Chlamydiaceae qpcr) Serological, bacteriological and histopatological examination of samples identified no other infectious abortifacient agents Sequence data obtained for 15 of the 22 samples Sequences aligned with representative set of 22 Chlamydiales 16S rdna sequences plus an outgroup of 7 non-chlamydiales sequences Bayesian phylogenetic analysis 3 clusters Chlamydiaceae Rhabdochlamydiaceae / Simkaniaceae Parachlamydiaceae / Waddliaceae / Criblamydiaceae
36 Bayesian phylogenetic tree 5 / / 15 Wheelhouse et al Novel Chlamydia-like organisms as cause of bovine abortions, UK. Emerging Infectious Diseases 16,
37 Further investigations Pooled fetal tissue samples (brain, heart and/or placenta) from cases of undiagnosed bovine abortion submitted by SAC Chlamydiales specific 16S rrna PCR [Ossewaarde & Meijer, 1999] 71 (37.9%) of 187 samples tested were Chlamydiales positive 1 of 71 samples Chlamydiaceae positive (23S rrna Chlamydiaceae qpcr) C. abortus (Alere Technologies Array Tube microarray) 24 samples sequenced so far 106 sequences aligned using MAFFT multiple alignment program. Maximum Likelihood phylogenetic tree estimated using the RaxML program, with a GTR+I+G model and 100 bootstrap replicates Reconcile samples with pathological results
38 Case Study Undiagnosed bovine abortion placental samples (2) submitted by SAC Spring-calving beef herd with annual abortion rate of 4% Previous investigations failed to reveal cause Severe placentitis with intercotyledonary thickening & necrosis Histopath revealed necrosuppurative placentitis with vasculitis Granular cytoplasmic inclusions within trophoblasts Parachlamydia confirmed by IHC and 16S rrna PCR [Gilbert Greub/Nicole Borel]
39
40 Case Study Other samples subsequently submitted Mixed infections with B. licheniformis IHC positive for Parachlamydia Water samples from troughs in sheds tested by 16S rdna PCR 16S rrna gene clone library constructed 31 clones sequenced Organisms belonging to Parachlamydia & Neochlamydia genera Deuchande et al Parachlamydia involvement in bovine abortions in a beef herd in Scotland. Veterinary Record Wheelhouse et al Detection of Chlamydia-like organisms in cattle drinking water. Veterinary Microbiology
41 Summary Chlamydia-like organism DNA identified in cases of bovine abortion Phylogenetic analysis has identified DNA as originating from Parachlamydia and Rhabdochlamydia Parachlamydia confirmed in trophoblast inclusions by IHC Parachlamydial DNA identified in water samples from drinking troughs DNA sequences match some of those obtained from fetal samples Environmental route of transmission Association causal role?? Isolation & pathogenesis studies Prevalence studies in UK
42 Acknowledgements Morag Livingstone Kevin Aitchison Kim Wilson Nick Wheelhouse Michelle Sait David Buxton Gary Entrican Mark Dagleish Kim Willoughby Frank Katzer Frank Wright (BioSS) Rita Deuchande (VLA) Jo Gidlow + VIOs (SAC) Gilbert Greub (Lausanne) Nicole Borel (Zurich) Karine Laroucau (Paris)
Investigations into novel pathogens associated with bovine reproductive failure
Investigations into novel pathogens associated with bovine reproductive failure Nick Wheelhouse Bovine Reproductive failure Economics Poor reproductive performance across a herd costs estimated 231 per
More informationEnzootic abortion in sheep and its economic consequences
Vet Times The website for the veterinary profession https://www.vettimes.co.uk Enzootic abortion in sheep and its economic consequences Author : Louise Silk Categories : Farm animal, Vets Date : February
More informationFarm Vet News. Effective Colostrum Management. Bi-Monthly Newsletter of Endell Farm Vets
Farm Vet News Bi-Monthly Newsletter of Endell Farm Vets Issue 06 March 2019 In this issue: PAGE 1 - EFFECTIVE COLOSTRUM MANAGEMENT PAGE 2 - INVESTIGATING ABORTIONS PAGE 4 - BABESIOSIS (RED WATER FEVER)
More informationIntranasal Infection with Chlamydia abortus Induces Dose-Dependent Latency and Abortion in Sheep
Intranasal Infection with Chlamydia abortus Induces Dose-Dependent Latency and Abortion in Sheep David Longbottom 1 *, Morag Livingstone 1, Stephen Maley 1, Arjan van der Zon 2, Mara Rocchi 1, Kim Wilson
More informationLaboratory diagnosis of ruminant abortion in Europe
Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2014 Laboratory diagnosis of ruminant abortion in Europe Borel, N; Frey, C
More informationAbortions and causes of death in newborn sheep and goats
Abortions and causes of death in newborn sheep and goats Debrah Mohale What is abortion? Abortion is the result of a disturbance in the functioning of the afterbirth (placenta). This causes the premature
More informationEmerging diseases but don t forget the old ones! Lynn Batty
Emerging diseases but don t forget the old ones! Lynn Batty SAC Consulting is a division of Scotland s Rural College Leading the way in Agriculture and Rural Research, Education and Consulting What barren
More informationBovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD)
Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD) Why should you test your herd, or additions to your herd? Answer: BVD has been shown to cause lower pregnancy rates, increased abortions, higher calf morbidity and mortality;
More informationDevelopment of Polymerase Chain Reaction assays with host-specific internal controls for Chlamydophila abortus
Development of Polymerase Chain Reaction assays with host-specific internal controls for Chlamydophila abortus Z. Cantekin 1, H. Solmaz 2, Y. Ergun 1, M. Ozmen 3 1 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mustafa
More informationFACT SHEET FEBRUARY 2007
FARM FACT SHEET FEBRUARY 2007 ABORTION IN EWES Abortions in ewes are the result of many factors that stress the pregnant animal. Intrauterine infections are the most common cause. The commonly reported
More informationIdentification of the agent: Serological tests: Requirements for vaccines:
Ovine chlamydiosis, also known as enzootic abortion of ewes (EAE) or ovine enzootic abortion (OEA), is caused by the bacterium Chlamydophila abortus. Chlamydial abortion typically occurs in the last 2
More informationSchedule of Accreditation issued by United Kingdom Accreditation Service 2 Pine Trees, Chertsey Lane, Staines-upon-Thames, TW18 3HR, UK
2 Pine Trees, Chertsey Lane, Staines-upon-Thames, TW18 3HR, UK Animal and Plant Health Agency Quality Assurance Unit The Elms, College Road, Sutton Bonington, Loughborough Leicestershire LE12 5RB Contact:
More informationVaccination to Improve Reproductive Health. Cow/Calf Meetings. Sandy Stuttgen, DVM UWEX Agriculture Educator, Taylor County
Vaccination to Improve Reproductive Health Cow/Calf Meetings Sandy Stuttgen, DVM UWEX Agriculture Educator, Taylor County June, 2013 Reproductive Diseases Bacteria Brucella Camplyobacter (Vibrio) Leptospira
More informationDescription and importance of the disease Identification of the agent: Serological tests: Requirements for vaccines:
Description and importance of the disease: Ovine chlamydiosis, also known as enzootic abortion of ewes (EAE) or ovine enzootic abortion (OEA), is caused by the bacterium Chlamydia abortus. Chlamydial abortion
More informationMOREDUN FOUNDATION (ADRA) NEWS SHEETS VOLUME 1 (NUMBERS 1-30) BOOK PRICE PLUS 1.00 P&P OR 5.00 PER NEWS SHEET
MOREDUN FOUNDATION (ADRA) NEWS SHEETS VOLUME 1 (NUMBERS 1-30) 1989 1993 1. Detection and Treatment of Hypothermia in Newborn Lambs 2. Toxoplasmosis: An Important and Topical Disease of Sheep 3. Enzootic
More informationChlamydia pecorum: fetal and placental lesions in sporadic caprine abortion
5729VDIXXX10.1177/1040638715625729Pathologic findings in Chlamydia pecorum induced abortion in a goatgiannitti et al. 015 Brief Communication Chlamydia pecorum: fetal and placental lesions in sporadic
More informationSmall Ruminant Research Why Is It Important?
Small Ruminant Research Why Is It Important? Julie Fitzpatrick Director of the Moredun Research Institute, Chair in Food Security, University of Glasgow Sheep Health and Welfare Group Annual Conference,
More informationAnimal Chlamydioses and the Zoonotic Implications
Food and Agriculture (FA) Domain Committee MONITORING PROGRESS REPORT 2006 COST - Chair: Konrad Sachse 3rd DC meeting, Antalya (TR), 31 Jan 2 Feb 2007 COST Action Domain Food and Agriculture (FA) Animal
More informationProtozoan Parasites: Lecture 20 - Heteroxenous Coccidia - Part 1 Pages 39-51
Protozoan Parasites: Lecture 20 - Heteroxenous Coccidia - Part 1 Pages 39-51 Tissue cyst -forming Coccidia General Taxonomy Apicomplexa Heteroxenous Two host life cycles Asexual & sexual reproduction Intestinal
More informationSurveillance of animal brucellosis
Surveillance of animal brucellosis Assoc.Prof.Dr. Theera Rukkwamsuk Department of large Animal and Wildlife Clinical Science Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Kasetsart University Review of the epidemiology
More informationB. Parts Important in Surgery, Obstetrics, Clinical Examination and Physical Diagnosis
VETERINARY MEDICINE REVIEW SYLLABUS VETERINARY PHYSIOLOGY I. Principles of General Physiology A. Physiology of excitation B. Physiology of contraction C. Nervous system D. The blood E. Cardiovascular system
More informationStudies on Carrier State of Chlamydophila abortus in Naturally Infected Sheep
Studies on Carrier State of Chlamydophila abortus in Naturally Infected Sheep Rabia Abadía Elzlitne 1, Giuma Elaref Elhafi 2, Vijayan R 1. and Sateesh Kumar 1* 1 Faculty of Vet. Medicine, Al Fateh University,
More informationProficiency Testing Schemes 1 April 2018 to 31 March 2019
Proficiency Testing Schemes 1 April 2018 to 31 March 2019 Scheme Code Proficiency Testing Scheme Name Antibody Detection Test Method Method PT0001 African Horse Sickness (AHS) ELISA - serum C 15 May, 13
More informationPresentation Outline. Commercial RVF vaccines. RVF Clone 13 performance in the field. Candidate RVF vaccines in the pipeline
Presentation Outline Commercial RVF vaccines Old Smithburn, inactivated New Clone 13 RVF Clone 13 performance in the field Candidate RVF vaccines in the pipeline 2 Onderstepoort Biological Products November
More informationHealth plans and fluke and worm control
Health plans and fluke and worm control Tim Geraghty SAC Consulting is a division of Scotland s Rural College Leading the way in Agriculture and Rural Research, Education and Consulting Farm Profit Sheep
More informationCattle keepers guide to safeguarding health
Cattle keepers guide to safeguarding health 1 Crown Copyright 2015 WG25764 ISBN 978-1-4734-4233-7 Digital ISBN 978-1-4734-4231-3 Contents Foreword 2 Introduction 3 Bovine Viral Diarrhoea 4 Infectious Bovine
More informationIndex. Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type.
Index Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type. A Abdominal viscera, examination of, in investigation of emerging infectious diseases of food animals, 6 American Veterinary Medical Association,
More information11-ID-10. Committee: Infectious Disease. Title: Creation of a National Campylobacteriosis Case Definition
11-ID-10 Committee: Infectious Disease Title: Creation of a National Campylobacteriosis Case Definition I. Statement of the Problem Although campylobacteriosis is not nationally-notifiable, it is a disease
More informationShort information about the ZOBA. Participating on proficiency tests. Monitoring programme
Short information about the ZOBA Laboratory methods Participating on proficiency tests Research projects Monitoring programme Raymond Miserez DVM, ZOBA, Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse
More informationDrd. OBADĂ MIHAI DORU. PhD THESIS ABSTRACT
UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND VETERINARY MEDICINE ION IONESCU DE LA BRAD IAŞI FACULTY OF VETERINARY MEDICINE SPECIALIZATION MICROBIOLOGY- IMUNOLOGY Drd. OBADĂ MIHAI DORU PhD THESIS ABSTRACT RESEARCHES
More informationOIE Reference Laboratory Reports Activities
OIE Reference Laboratory Reports Activities Activities in 2016 This report has been submitted : 2017-01-24 10:43:17 Name of disease (or topic) for which you are a designated OIE Reference Laboratory: Enzootic
More informationProtozoan Parasites: Lecture 21 Apicomplexans 3 Heteroxenous Coccidia - Part 1 Pages 37-49
Protozoan Parasites: Lecture 21 Apicomplexans 3 Heteroxenous Coccidia - Part 1 Pages 37-49 Tissue cyst -forming Coccidia General Taxonomy Apicomplexa Heteroxenous Two host life cycles Asexual & sexual
More informationI need you now Doc!!! Lew Strickland DVM MS DACT Extension Veterinarian University of Tennessee
I need you now Doc!!! Lew Strickland DVM MS DACT Extension Veterinarian University of Tennessee First Aid The goal of this presentation is to help you recognize a serious emergency and know what to do
More informationPathogenesis of Placentitis in the Goat Inoculated with
Vet. Pathol. 23219-226 (1986) Pathogenesis of Placentitis in the Goat Inoculated with Brucella abortus. I. Gross and Histologic Lesions T. D. ANDERSON, V. P. MEADOR, AND N. F. CHEVILLE Pathology Research
More informationOIE Reference Laboratory Reports Activities
OIE Reference Laboratory Reports Activities Activities in 2017 This report has been submitted : 2018-01-03 08:50:56 Name of disease (or topic) for which you are a designated OIE Reference Laboratory: Enzootic
More informationASA Master Class -Flock Health Click to Challenges edit Master title style
ASA Master Class -Flock Health Click to Challenges edit Master title style Michael Doherty CD School of Veterinary Medicine 1 What are the sheep health priorities? 2 We need flock health planning Dissemination
More informationFertility and health management of suckler cow herds
[Beef 2016 Profitable Technologies, Teagasc, Grange, Dunsany, Ireland, Open Day July 2016] Fertility and health management of suckler cow herds David Kenny 1, Michael Diskin 2, Christy Watson 4 and Riona
More informationDOWNLOAD OR READ : VIRAL DISEASES OF CATTLE 2ND EDITION PDF EBOOK EPUB MOBI
DOWNLOAD OR READ : VIRAL DISEASES OF CATTLE 2ND EDITION PDF EBOOK EPUB MOBI Page 1 Page 2 viral diseases of cattle 2nd edition viral diseases of cattle pdf viral diseases of cattle 2nd edition Animal Health.
More informationSystemic Apicomplexans. Toxoplasma
Systemic Apicomplexans Toxoplasma Protozoan Groups Historically, protozoa have been grouped by mode of motility. Flagellates Hemoflagellates Trypanosoma cruzi Leishmania infantum Mucoflagellates Tritrichomonas
More informationThe Flockmaster s Guide to Abortion and Vaccination
The Flockmaster s Guide to Abortion and Vaccination A practical guide to improving the performance of your flock through the control of infectious causes of barrenness, abortion and weak lambs Together
More informationThe Flockmaster s Guide to Abortion and Vaccination
Together raising more lambs The Flockmaster s Guide to Abortion and Vaccination A practical guide to improving the performance of your flock through the control of infectious causes of barrenness, abortion
More informationMolecular detection of in post-abortion sheep at oestrus and subsequent lambing
Molecular detection of in post-abortion sheep at oestrus and subsequent lambing Morag Livingstone, Nicholas Wheelhouse, Stephen W. Maley, David Longbottom To cite this version: Morag Livingstone, Nicholas
More informationBlock Objectives: Basic Infectious Diseases Block
Course: Intro to Infectious Diseases IID-BASID-01 Virtual Lab: Infectious Disease Laboratory Session 1 Identify etiologic bacterial organisms from clinical case studies based on the following: Discriminating
More informationBasics of Sheep Health Care
Basics of Sheep Health Care NAHMS Sheep Producer Surveys Veterinary consultation as a diagnostic service: 40-53% 46% of surveyed producers consulted a veterinarian in 2000 NAHMS 1996, 2001 Veterinary services
More informationMultiple Species Certification
Section 10.3 Multiple Species Certification REFERENCED IN THIS SECTION: Number/ Identifier Name Importance STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE 10.3 Multiple Species Manure Management Mandatory, if applicable
More informationPathogens commonly isolated from selected diseases
Pathogens commonly isolated from selected diseases Equine pneumonia/pleuropneumonia -hemolytic Strep. Clostridium Pasteurella E. coli Klebsiella pneumoniae Bacteroides Equine enteric pathogens Salmonella
More informationAbove: life cycle of toxoplasma gondii. Below: transmission of this infection.
Toxoplasmosis PDF This article is based on a paid for research paper dated 1972 of similar title and authored by J.K.Frenkel and J.P. Dubey. It was published by The Journal of Infectious Diseases Vol.
More informationManaging Infectious Subfertility in Expanding Dairy herds. John Mee Teagasc, Moorepark Dairy Production Research Centre
1 Managing Infectious Subfertility in Expanding Dairy herds John Mee Teagasc, Moorepark Dairy Production Research Centre 2 The Four Pillars of Dairy Herd Fertility Management Nutrition Dairy Herd Fertility
More informationThe Report referred to in Article 9 of Directive 2003/ 99/ EC
MALTA The Report referred to in Article 9 of Directive 2003/ 99/ EC TRENDS AND SOURCES OF ZOONOSES AND ZOONOTIC AGENTS IN HUMANS, FOODSTUFFS, ANIMALS AND FEEDINGSTUFFS IN 2007 including information on
More informationLactation. Macroscopic Anatomy of the Mammary Gland. Anatomy AS 1124
Lactation AS 1124 Macroscopic Anatomy of the Mammary Gland Species differences in numbers and locations of glands inguinal - caudal to the abdomen, between the hind legs (cow, mare, ewe) abdominal - along
More informationEnteric Clostridia 10/27/2011. C. perfringens: general. C. perfringens: Types & toxins. C. perfringens: Types & toxins
C. perfringens: general Enteric Clostridia Formerly called C. welchii Thick rods, forming spores Non motile Grow fast Habitats: Soil and sewage and in the intestines of animals and humans Double zone hemolysis
More informationCercetări bacteriologice, epidemiologice şi serologice în bruceloza ovină ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Thesis entitled BACTERIOLOGICAL, EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND SEROLOGICAL RESEARCHES IN BRUCELLOSIS OVINE is scientific and practical reasons the following: - Infectious epididymitis in Romania, described
More informationINDEX. Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type. UPDATE ON SMALL RUMINANT MEDICINE
UPDATE ON SMALL RUMINANT MEDICINE INDEX Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type. Abortion, mycoplasmal, 326-327 Acaricides, for use on sheep and goats, Aerial gunning, to eliminate predation,
More informationFood-borne Zoonoses. Stuart A. Slorach
Food-borne Zoonoses Stuart A. Slorach OIE Conference on Evolving veterinary education for a safer world,, Paris, 12-14 14 October 2009 1 Definition For the purposes of this paper, food-borne zoonoses are
More informationZoonotic potential of Chlamydophila
Zoonotic potential of Chlamydophila Annie Rodolakis, Khalil Yousef Mohamad To cite this version: Annie Rodolakis, Khalil Yousef Mohamad. Zoonotic potential of Chlamydophila. Veterinary Microbiology, Elsevier,
More informationREADER S DIGEST OVERVIEW: BIGHORN SHEEP. Peregrine Wolff, DVM
READER S DIGEST OVERVIEW: RESPIRATORY DISEASE IN BIGHORN SHEEP Peregrine Wolff, DVM Nevada Department of Wildlife During the Lewis & Clark expedition (1804 1806) There may have been 2 million bighorn sheep
More informationThe Use of Vaccine Programmes in Livestock Systems
The Use of Vaccine Programmes in Livestock Systems Alasdair Nisbet, Vaccines, Moredun Research Institute www.moredun.org.uk Moredun Research Institute Vaccines Pillar Viruses, Bacteria and Parasites Host-pathogen
More informationProcedures for the Taking of Prevention and Eradication Measures of Brucellosis in Bovine Animals
Republic of Latvia Cabinet Regulation No. 881 Adopted 18 December 2012 Procedures for the Taking of Prevention and Eradication Measures of Brucellosis in Bovine Animals Issued in accordance with Section
More informationEnteric Clostridia. C. perfringens: general
Enteric Clostridia C. perfringens: general Formerly called C. welchii Thick rods, forming spores Non motile Grow fast Habitats: Soil and sewage and in the intestines of animals and humans Toxins More than
More informationDetecting new diseases such as Schmallenberg Virus infections (SBV) Guda van der Burgt, Veterinary Investigation Officer AHVLA Luddington
Detecting new diseases such as Schmallenberg Virus infections (SBV) Guda van der Burgt, Veterinary Investigation Officer AHVLA Luddington 1 SURVEILLANCE WHAT DOES IT NEED TO DO? Detect at an early stage
More informationIsolation and molecular identification of Moraxella ovis and Moraxella spp. from IKC in sheep in India
Isolation and molecular identification of Moraxella ovis and Moraxella spp. from IKC in sheep in India R K Vaid*, T Anand, B C Bera, B N Shukla, D K Nagar, Gagandeep Singh, N Virmani, S Barua, B K Singh
More informationSanatorium Road, Cardiff CF11 8DG Tel: FARM NEWSLETTER SEPTEMBER 2016
Sanatorium Road, Cardiff CF11 8DG Tel: 02920 382211 Email : enquiries@park-vets.com FARM NEWSLETTER SEPTEMBER 2016 OUR TEAM MARY WALTERS Welcome to the September Newsletter Isn t the year going fast! We
More informationBreak Free from BVD. What is BVD? BVD outbreak in 2013/ cow dairy herd in Staffordshire. Costs Calculation Costs*
Break Free from BVD Poor growth rates, calf mortality, youngstock pneumonia, poor conception rates and abortions can all highlight an underlying Bovine Viral Diarrhoea (BVD) infection in your herd. BVD
More informationUniversity of Zurich. Chlamydial abortion in ruminants. Serological, epidemiological and diagnostic investigations. Zurich Open Repository and Archive
University of Zurich Zurich Open Repository and Archive Winterthurerstr. 190 CH-8057 Zurich http://www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2008 Chlamydial abortion in ruminants. Serological, epidemiological and diagnostic
More informationZOONOSES MONITORING. Finland IN 2016 TRENDS AND SOURCES OF ZOONOSES AND ZOONOTIC AGENTS IN FOODSTUFFS, ANIMALS AND FEEDINGSTUFFS
ZOONOSES MONITORING Finland TRENDS AND SOURCES OF ZOONOSES AND ZOONOTIC AGENTS IN FOODSTUFFS, ANIMALS AND FEEDINGSTUFFS including information on foodborne outbreaks, antimicrobial resistance in zoonotic
More informationIndex. Note: Page numbers of articles titles are in boldface type.
Index Note: Page numbers of articles titles are in boldface type. A Abortion defined, 81 82 enzootic in sheep and goats, 213 216. See also Enzootic abortion, in sheep and goats. ovine, 84 86 infectious,
More informationPractical Biosecurity and Biocontainment on the Ranch. Dale Grotelueschen, DVM, MS Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center Clay Center, NE
Practical Biosecurity and Biocontainment on the Ranch Dale Grotelueschen, DVM, MS Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center Clay Center, NE Risk considerations for designing plans to control targeted
More informationNATURAL BVD VACCINATION THE WAY TO GO?
NATURAL BVD VACCINATION THE WAY TO GO? Using identified BVD PI (persistently infected) animals as vaccinators has been an accepted way of exposing young stock to BVD infection before their first pregnancy.
More informationInfluence of Natural Chlamydia spp. Infection on the Health of the Ruminant Mammary Gland. Sudhir Kumar Ahluwalia. Auburn, Alabama December 18, 2009
Influence of Natural Chlamydia spp. Infection on the Health of the Ruminant Mammary Gland by Sudhir Kumar Ahluwalia A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Auburn University in partial fulfillment
More informationUnique, fast-acting, and long-lasting injectables for livestock health & nutrition
Injection Catalogue OK.indd 3 10/27/16 6:34 PM Fertizone (M) Sdn. Bhd. Injectable Products MECTINZONE 1% MECTINZONE 2% FLORVET DEXAZON OXYZONE20 LA OXYZONE30 LA SULFAZONE TILMIZONE TYLOZONE20 ENROXIN10
More informationEmerging threats. Cattle. Quarterly & Annual Report: FOURTH QUARTER & Contents. Highlights. Date: October-December 2011.
Emerging threats Cattle Quarterly & : FOURTH QUARTER & 2011 Date: October-December 2011 Contents Page The VIDA diagnoses are recorded on the AHVLA FarmFile database and SAC LIMS database and comply with
More information1 In 1958, scientists made a breakthrough in artificial reproductive cloning by successfully cloning a
1 In 1958, scientists made a breakthrough in artificial reproductive cloning by successfully cloning a vertebrate species. The species cloned was the African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis. Fig. 1.1, on page
More informationMycoplasmal pneumonia in calves
Vet Times The website for the veterinary profession https://www.vettimes.co.uk Mycoplasmal pneumonia in calves Author : Adam Martin Categories : Vets Date : November 2, 2009 Mycoplasma bovis is responsible
More informationBacterial Pneumonia in Sheep, The Domestic Bighorn Sheep Interface, and Research at ADRU
Bacterial Pneumonia in Sheep, The Domestic Bighorn Sheep Interface, and Research at ADRU USAHA Committee on Sheep and Goats Providence, RI October 27, 2015 PLC M. A. Highland, DVM, DACVP, PhD candidate
More informationBrucellosis is a bacterial zoonosis transmitted directly or indirectly to humans from infected animals,
Definition Brucellosis is a bacterial zoonosis transmitted directly or indirectly to humans from infected animals, predominantly domesticated ruminants and swine. The disease is known colloquially as undulant
More informationThe Norwegian Zoonoses Report
Report 23-2018 The Norwegian Zoonoses Report 2017 Norwegian Veterinary Institute Content Summary... 2 Introduction... 2 Origin of data... 2 Preventive and protective measures... 3 Acknowledgements... 4
More informationVETERINARY BACTERIOLOGY FROM THE DARK AGES TO THE PRESENT DAY
VETERINARY BACTERIOLOGY FROM THE DARK AGES TO THE PRESENT DAY D.J.TAYLOR MA PhD VetMB DipECPHM DipECVPH MRCVS EMERITUS PROFESSOR OF VETERINARY BACTERIOLOGY AND PUBLIC HEALTH UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW INTRODUCTION
More informationVeterinary Diagnostics Portfolio Overview. Complete solutions for veterinary testing and pathogen research
Veterinary Diagnostics Portfolio Overview Complete solutions for veterinary testing and pathogen research Sample preparation products Cat. no. (number of preps) Target analyte Product Short description
More informationFESASS General Assembly, 22 September 2011, Brussels. Financial aspects of infectious animal disease control and eradication
Financial aspects of infectious animal disease control and eradication Presentation overwiew Basic information on administrative division & demographics Structure of the Polish Veterinary Services Animal
More informationNew Mexico Department of Agriculture
Veterinary Diagnostic Services New Mexico Department of Agriculture The New Mexico Organic Farming Conference 2018 New Mexico Scientific Laboratories New Mexico Department of Agriculture Veterinary Diagnostic
More informationThe role of zoonotic chlamydial agents in ruminants abortion
Volume 9 Number 5 (October 2017) 288-294 The role of zoonotic chlamydial agents in ruminants abortion ORIGINAL ARTICLE Sara Barati 1, Naghmeh Moori-Bakhtiari 1*, Masoud Ghorbanpoor Najafabadi 1, Hassan
More informationAnnex 18 The Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air
Annex 18 The Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air Katherine Rooney Cargo Safety Section What are dangerous goods? Articles or substances which are capable of posing a risk to health, safety, property
More informationDiseases of Concern: BVD and Trichomoniasis. Robert Mortimer, DVM Russell Daly, DVM Colorado State University South Dakota State University
Diseases of Concern: BVD and Trichomoniasis Robert Mortimer, DVM Russell Daly, DVM Colorado State University South Dakota State University The Epidemiologic Triad Host Management Agent Environment Trichomoniasis
More informationNew Project Hopes To Solve OPA Riddle
Issue 24 Spring 2006 more from www.moredun.org.uk New Project Hopes To Solve OPA Riddle Scientists at Moredun are leading a new project to evaluate the potential for controlling OPA in the Scottish national
More informationNeglected zoonotic agents in cattle abortion: tackling the difficult to grow bacteria
Vidal et al. BMC Veterinary Research (2017) 13:373 DOI 10.1186/s12917-017-1294-y RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Neglected zoonotic agents in cattle abortion: tackling the difficult to grow bacteria Sara
More informationAnalysis of the Humoral Immune Response against Surface and Virulence- Associated Chlamydia abortus Proteins in Ovine and Human Abortion Using a
JCM Accepted Manuscript Posted Online 18 May 2016 J. Clin. Microbiol. doi:10.1128/jcm.00351-16 Copyright 2016, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. 1 2 3 Analysis of the Humoral Immune
More informationSummer Newsletter 2016
Summer Newsletter 2016 Well, all the calvings and lambings and BREXIT should now be out the way, other than the late calvers. One of Mike s late calving heifers lost a bull calf and he picked up a Belgian
More informationEmerging Threats Quarterly Report Small Ruminant Diseases
Emerging Threats Quarterly Report Small Ruminant Diseases Safeguarding public and animal health Quarterly Report 2010: Volume 14 No. 4 Date: February 2011 The VIDA diagnoses are recorded on the VLA FarmFile
More informationMalignant Catarrhal Fever in a Red Angus Cow B Y : L A U R E N R I C E R O V C
Malignant Catarrhal Fever in a Red Angus Cow B Y : L A U R E N R I C E R O V C 2 0 1 5 History & Signalment Three year old Red Angus Cow Complaint: Blindness From 15 Red Angus Cow Herd Managed on Pasture
More informationSchmallenberg Virus Infections in Ruminants
Schmallenberg Virus Infections in Ruminants F. J. Conraths, B. Hoffmann, D. Höper, M. Scheuch, R. Jungblut, M. Holsteg, H. Schirrmeier, M. Eschbaumer, K. Goller, K. Wernike, M. Fischer, A. Breithaupt,
More informationTraining Module No 8
Training Module No 8 Theory 1. Pneumonia 2. Coccidiosis 3. Orf 4. Notifiable diseases Property of Abafuyi Media Pneumonia treat with tetracycline Live animal: The symptoms include fever, lack of appetite,
More informationRESERVED FOR VETERINARY SURGEONS - 06/2005
ANIMAL HEALTH YOUR HEALTH RESERVED FOR VETERINARY SURGEONS - 06/2005 LTH AANIMAL HEALTH YOUR HE FATRO - Pharmaceutical Veterinary Industry 40064 Ozzano Emilia (Bo) Italy Tel. +39 051 6512711 - Fax +39
More informationMicrobial Hazards in Dairy Industry Ceren Zeytinci
Ceren Zeytinci cerenzeytinci@hotmail.com 1 After completing this course, the participants know about the microorganisms that are threating the dairy industry. They are capable of eliminating and preventing
More informationFarm Newsletter - February 2017
Farm Newsletter - February 2017 Lung Worm in Cattle The disease is caused by the worm Dictyocaulus viviparus. Adult worms live in the animal s lungs where they produce eggs which hatch quickly. The first
More informationProceeding of the SEVC Southern European Veterinary Conference
www.ivis.org Proceeding of the SEVC Southern European Veterinary Conference Oct. 17-19, 2008 Barcelona, Spain http://www.sevc.info Reprinted in the IVIS website with the permission of the SEVC www.ivis.org
More informationBOVINE RESPIRATORY DISEASE COMPLEX. Kristen Mierzwiak LCS 630
BOVINE RESPIRATORY DISEASE COMPLEX Kristen Mierzwiak LCS 630 Ring... You are called out to the farm of one of your regular dairy clients because some of the replacement heifers they bought at a public
More informationMedical Bacteriology- Lecture 14. Gram negative coccobacilli. Zoonosis. Brucella. Yersinia. Francesiella
Medical Bacteriology- Lecture 14 Gram negative coccobacilli Zoonosis Brucella Yersinia Francesiella 1 Zoonosis: A disease, primarily of animals, which is transmitted to humans as a result of direct or
More information2019 NATIONAL WESTERN STOCK SHOW (NWSS) LIVESTOCK HEALTH REQUIREMENTS
2019 NATIONAL WESTERN STOCK SHOW (NWSS) LIVESTOCK HEALTH REQUIREMENTS http://www.nationalwestern.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/livestock- Health-Requirements-1.pdf PLEASE READ CAREFULLY! **Please share
More informationThe Report referred to in Article 5 of Directive 92/117/EEC
LUXEMBOURG The Report referred to in Article 5 of Directive 92/117/EEC TRENDS AND SOURCES OF ZOONOSES AND ZOONOTIC AGENTS IN HUMANS, FOODSTUFFS, ANIMALS AND FEEDINGSTUFFS including information on foodborne
More informationActivities of the Centre for Zoonoses, Animal Bacterial Diseases and Antimicrobial Resistance (ZOBA) in Switzerland
Activities of the Centre for Zoonoses, Animal Bacterial Diseases and Antimicrobial Resistance (ZOBA) in Switzerland Gudrun Overesch Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse-Faculty, Bern 6 th EURL-AR
More information