INDEX. Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type. DERMATOLOGY

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1 DERMATOLOGY INDEX Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type. Abscess(es), cutaneous, in birds, , 484 in chinchillas, 495 in nonhuman primates, 576, in rabbits, in reptiles, , 455, in small mammals, guinea pigs, 534 hamsters, hedgehogs, 526 mice, rats, 516, 521 preputial gland, in rodents, , 521 Acariasis. See Mite infestatiolls. Acid treatments, for acarine parasitism, 318 Adamantinomas, of fish, 391 Adipose fins, of fish, Adipose tissue, in fish hypodermis, 334 Adrenal disease, in ferrets, , 574 in hamsters, 530 Adrenergic stimulation, of fish, 354 pigmentation changes with, 341, 343 Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), fish pigmentation and, , 352 Adult birds, cannibalism by, Aeromonas infections, in amphibians, in fish, African grey parrots, self-mutilation by, 482 African lovebirds, self-mutilation by, 477, 488 Agapornis pox virus, in birds, 470 Air sacculitis, in birds, in nonhuman primates, 579 Algal infections, cutaneous, in fish, in reptiles, 453 Allergens, in birds, self-mutilation with, 486 Allergic dermatitis, in hedgehogs, in nonhuman primates, 583 Alopecia, in chinchillas, in gerbils, 502 in guinea pigs, , 540 in hamsters, in mice, 507, 514 in nonhuman primates, 576 in prairie dogs, 524 in rats, 517 Amazon foot skin necrosis, in birds, 492 Ammonia toxicity, in amphibian skin, 420 Amphibian(s), integument of, biopsies of, 416, 426, 429, 434 functions of, 415 normal anatomy of, 416, 418 physical examination of, 416 ion transport systems of, integumental, 415, respiratory system of, integumental, 415 skin diseases of, antimicrobials for, , , baths for, , , 427, , 433 dehydration as, infectious, bacterial, fungal, parasitic, viral, miscellaneous, neoplastic, nutritional, 415, 438 thermal injury as, 418 toxins causing, traumatic, 418 therapeutics for, antimicrobials as, , , baths as, , , 427, , 433 formulary of, Anal fins, of fish, 336 Anesthesia, for amphibian physical exams, 416 Annelids, integument of, bacterial infections of,

2 586 INDEX Antennulae microvillares, in fish integument, 323 Antibiotic-impregnated polymethyl methacrylate beads (AIPMMA), for bacterial infections, in rabbits, , 560 Antifungals, for skin diseases, in nonhuman primates, 580 in small mammals, 497, 504, 510, 518, 530,536 Antimicrobials, for skin disease, in amphibians, , , in birds, 488, 493 in rabbits, in small mammals, 504, 523, 531, 535 Arachnids, parasitism in, Arthropods, integument of, 310 fungal infections of, parasitism of, trauma damage to, 312 Articular gout, in birds, Asiatic birds, self-mutilation by, 482 Auricular chondritis, in rats, 517 Autoimmune dermatitides, of fish, Avascular necrosis, of small mammal tails. See Ringtail. Avian skin disease(s), congenital, environmental factors of, , infectious, bacterial, fungal, 469 parasitic, , 485 self-mutilation with, viral, , 485 miscellaneous, neoplastic, 468, self-mutilation with, nutritional, 473, 486 traumatic, feather plucking and mutilation, 474 by cannibalism, by self-mutilation, injuries, 474 Bacterial infections. See also Abscess(es). cutaneous, in amphibians, in birds, in ferrets, 573 in fish, cultures for, , 353 in invertebrates, in nonhuman primates, , in rabbits, in reptiles, in small mammals, gerbils, 504 guinea pigs, 53,,-536 hamsters, hedgehogs, 526 mice, prairie dogs, Bacterial kidney disease, of fish, Bacterial septicemia, in amphibians, in reptiles, Bald nose, in gerbils, in mice, 514 in prairie dogs, 524 Barbels, of fish, 339, 346 regeneration potential of, 356 Barbering. See also Self-mutilation. in chinchillas, in gerbils, 502 in guinea pigs, 540 in mice, in prairie dogs, 524 in rabbits, 546 Basidiobolus infections, in amphibians, Baths, for amphibian skin disease, ,427, ,433 for reptile ecdysis, Beaks, avian, congenital disorders of, Behavioral modification, for selfmutilation, in birds, in small mammals, 523 Biochromes, in fish pigmentation, Biopsy(ies), in cutaneous cytology, of amphibians, 416, 426, 429, 434 of birds, 468, 472, of fish, 349 Bite wounds, in birds, 474. See also CllIlIlibalisl1l; Self-mlltilation. in fish, 386 in reptiles, 461 in small mammals, 509, 523, 540 Blackflies, in rabbits, 554 Blister disease, in reptiles, Blisters, dermal, in fish, , 385 Bodonid infestations, in fish, 364 Bone tumors, of fish, Bony-ridge scales, in fish dermis, 329, Branchiuran infestations, in fish, Breeding season, of birds, cannibalism during, 476 Breeding tubercles, in fish epidermis, ,334 Brown cere hypertrophy, in birds, 491 Brushtail possum, dermatophytosis of, exudative dermatitis of, 523

3 INDEX 587 Budgerigars, self-mutilation by, Bumblefoot, in birds, 491 in guinea pigs, California rabbit fibroma virus infection, in rabbits, Canine distemper, in ferrets, 573 Cannibalism, in birds, adults, fledglings, 475 in breeding season, 476 in overcrowded conditions, nestlings, Capillaria xellopodis, in amphibians, 433 Carcinoma(s). See also Neoplasms; specific type. in fish, in nonhuman primates, 576, 581 Catecholamines, fish pigmentation changes and, 341, 343 Caudal fins, of fish, , 386 Cellular degeneration, in fish dermatopathology, Cellular environmental interface, of fish epidermis, , 347 pathologic, toxic, Cellulitis, acute, in rabbits, 557 Cervicocephalic air sac swellings, in birds, 493 Cestode infestations, in reptiles, 459 Chelonians, Ivermectin contraindication in, 458 Chinchillas, skin diseases of, abscesses, 495 alopecia, barbering, dermatophytosis, ear trauma, ectoparasites, 498 frostbite, 498 fur slip, 498 hair ring, 498 matted fur, 499 nutritional, salivation as, Chlamydiosis, in amphibians, 425 in birds, 485 Chloride cells, in fish epidermis, 327 Chlorine toxicity, in amphibian skin, 420 Chromatophores, in fish pigmentation, 340, Chromodacryorrhea, of rats, Chromomycosis, in amphibians, Chytridiomycosis, cutaneous, in amphibians, Ciliate infestations, in fish, Circovirus pox virus, in birds, Clelitis, in guinea pigs, 535 Club cells, in fish epidermis, Cockatoos, self-mutilation by, Coldwater disease (CWD), of fish, Columnaris disease, of fish, Congenital skin disorders, in birds, of beaks, 466 of feathers, Constricted toe syndrome, in birds, 490 Contact dermatitis, in guinea pigs, 540 in reptiles, 462 Contact nuptial organs, in fish dermis, 334 Conures, self-mutilation by, 482, 484 Copepod infections, in amphibians, in fish, 357 Corynebacterium kutscheri, in mice, 508 Coryneform hyperkeratosis, in mice, 508 Cotton fur syndrome, in chinchillas, Cottontail rabbit papillomavirus, in rabbits, 564 Crustacea, integument of, fungal infections of, molting of, 312 neoplasms of, 318 Ctenoid scales, in fish dermis, 333 Cultures, bacterial, of amphibian skin, 423, of fish integument, , 353 of reptile abscesses, 449 of small mammal skin, , 525 fungal, of amphibian skin, of rodent skin, 509 Cutaneous disease. See Skin disease. Cuticle, in fish integument, 323, 347 Cycloid scales, in fish dermis, 329, 331, 333 Cynomys /udo vicianlls, skin diseases of, Cysts, dermal, in fish, Cytology, of cutaneous diseases, in amphibians, 416, 426, 429, 434 in birds, 468, 472, in fish, Cytophagaceae infections, in fish, Dehydration, in amphibians, skin manifestations of, Demodicosis, in hamsters, Dermatitis, allergic, in hedgehogs, anal fold, in guinea pigs, 534 bacterial, in mice, contact, in guinea pigs, 540 in reptiles, 462 exfoliative, in guinea pigs, exudative, in brushtail possum, 523 infectious, in birds, 486 moist, in rabbits,

4 588 INDEX Dermatitis (Continued) nasal, in gerbils, necrotic. See Necrosis. septicemic cutaneous ulcerative, in reptiles, 452 staphylococcal, in gerbils, 504 ulcerative, in guinea pigs, 537, 540 in rats, Dermatology. See Skin disease(s). Dermatomycosis. See Fungal infections. Dermatophytosis. See Ringworm. Dermis, of amphibians, 418 of fish, contact nuptial organs in, 334 diagnostic techniques for, infections of, , 392 pathology of, , 386 scales in, appendages of, bony-ridge, 329, ctenoid, 333 cycloid, 329, 331, 333 derivatives of, elasmoid, 329, ganoid, morphology and growth of, placoid, 329, 331 sensory papillae in, 329 smooth muscle cells in, 329 stratum compactum layer in, 329 stratum spongiosum layer in, 329 of reptiles, 444, 446 Dermocystidium infections, in amphibians, Dermosporidium infections, in amphibians, Diet. See Nutrition. Digenean trematodes, in fish, Dinoflagellate infestations, in fish, Disinfectant toxicity, in amphibian skin, 419 Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), in nonhuman primates, 576, 583 Distemper, canine, in ferrets, 573 Dorsal fins, of fish, Dysecdysis, in invertebrates, in reptiles, , 449, 456 Ear canker, in rabbits, 549 Ear mites, in rabbits, 549 Ear pinna necrosis, in mice, 510 Ear trauma, in chinchillas, Ecdysis, in invertebrates, 311 aberrant causes of, , 318 in reptiles, , 456 Ecdysone, molting control by, in invertebrates, 311 Eclectus parrots, self-mutilation b y, Eczema, fa cial, in gerbils, Edema, of fish, with dermatopathology, , 385 Edwardsiellosis, of fish, 378 Elasmobranchs, in fish, pigmentation role, sensory role, 346 Elasmoid scales, in fish dermis, 329, Electrolyte transport, in fish integument, 344, 351, 354 Electroreception organs, fish integument as, Emphysema, subcutaneous, in birds, Endocrine control, in ferrets, skin diseases and, , 574 of fish pigmentation, of hamster pigmentation, 530 of invertebrate molting, 311 Enterocolitis, antibiotic-induced, in hamsters, Environmental factors, of skin disease, in birds, , in fish, , 347, , in reptiles, 444, 451, 453, in small mammals, 496, 503, 531, 533, 540 Epidermis, of amphibians, 416, 418 of fish, breeding tubercles in, chloride cells in, 327 club cells in, diagnostic techniques for, goblet cells in, hyperplasia of, 352, 356, infections of, intercellular spaces in, keratinocytes in, , 356 environmental interface of, , 347, , lymph in, 323 mucosubstance production in, 325 nonglandular cells in, pathology of, rodlet cells in, sacciform cells in, serous cells in, 327 sloughing of, pathologic, , stratum basale layer in, 322 stratum corneum absence in, , 328 stratum germinativum layer in, 322 unicellular glandular cells in, of reptiles, 444 Epithelial tumors, in amphibians, in hamsters, 532 Epitheliocystis disease, in fish, 378 Epitheliotropic lymphoma, in ferrets, 570 Erythrophores, in fish pigmentation,

5 INDEX 589 Erythrophoromas, of fish, 390 Etazoan parasitism, in amphibians, Eye spectacles, in reptiles, ecdysis process and, , 456 Facial eczema, in gerbils, Fatty acid deficiency, as skin disease factor, in chinchillas, in nonhuman primates, 581 Fatty acid excess, in reptile skin disease, 457 Feather plucking, traumatic, 474 by cannibalism, by self-mutilation, Feathers, avian, congenital disorders of, Ferrets, skin diseases of, adrenal disorders with, , 574 alopecia, ectoparasi tes, infectious, 573 metabolic/endocrine problems with, , 574 neoplastic, , 572 normal characteristics vs., 567 traumatic, Fibromas, of fish, Fibrosarcomas, of birds, 490 of fish, 389 Fin-rays, of fish, derivation of, Fins, of fish, adipose, anal, 336 caudal, , 386 cytologic examination of, derivation of, dorsal, function of, 335 necrosis of, 384, 386 pectoral, , 386 pelvic, , 339 regeneration potential of, 356 Fish, appendages of, derivation of, barbels of, 339, 346 cutaneous diseases of, diagnostic techniques for, environmental, idiopathic, infectious, , 392 algal, bacterial, fungal, parasitic, secondary, 351, 393 viral, , , 391 miscellaneous, neoplastic, normal characteristics vs., nutritional, 339, pathology of, toxic, traumatic, 386 dermis of, contact nuptial organs in, 334 pathology of, sensory papillae in, 329 smooth muscle cells in, 329 stratum compactum layer in, 329 stratum spongiosum layer in, 329 thickness of, 329 electrolyte transport in, integumental, 344,351 electroreception organs of, integumental, epidermis of, breeding tubercles in, chloride cells in, 327 club cells in, goblet cells in, intercellular spaces in, keratinocytes in, , 356 environmental interface of, , 347, , lymph in, 323 mucosubstance production in, 325 nonglandular cells in, 327 pathology of, rodlet cells in, sacciform cells in, serous cells in, 327 sloughing of, , , stratum basale layer in, 322 stratum corneum absence in, , 328 stratum germinativum layer in, 322 thickness of, unicellular glandular cells in, fin-rays of, derivation of, fins of, adipose, anal, 336 caudal, , 386 cytologic examination of, derivation of, dorsal, function of, 335 necrosis of, 384, 386 pectoral, , 386 pelvic, , 339 homeostasis mechanisms of, integumental, 344 hypodermis of, 334 immune system of, integumental, integument of, appendage structures of, bacterial cultures of, biopsies of, 349

6 590 INDEX Fish (Continued) cytologic wet mounts of scrapings, dermis composition in, epidermis composition in, function of, hypodermis composition in, 334 immunochemical tests for, normal characteristics of, pathology of, pigmentation in, luminescent organs in, 345 mechanoreceptors of, 346 pigmentation in, biochrome role in, elasmobranchs role in, from chromatophores, 340, from erythrophores, from leukophores, 340, 342 from melanophores, 339, function of, 339, 347 guanine impact on, light impact on, 342, neuroendocrine control of, pathology of, , 356, 384 physiologic change mechanisms of, schema chrome role in, 339, source of, respiratory system of, integumental, scales in, appendages of, bony-ridge, 329, ctenoid, 333 cycloid, 329, 331, 333 derivatives of, elasmoid, 329, ganoid, morphology and growth of, placoid, 329, 331 sensory functions in, integumental, 329, 339, spines of, 333, 335, 345 tactile reception in, 347 temperature reception in, 347 venom glands in, 345 Flatworm infestations, monogenean, in fish, Flavus, in rabbits, Flea infestations, in chinchillas, 498 in ferrets, 572 in hedgehogs, 527 in mice, in rabbits, 552 in rats, 520 of guinea pigs, 539 Fledglings, avian, cannibalism and, 475 Fluid regulation, in fish integument, 344, Flumethrin, for invetebrate parasites, Fly infestations. See Myiasis. Foot lesions, in birds, 491 in guinea pigs, 535, 540 in hedgehogs, 528 in mice, 514 in prairie dogs, 524 in rabbits, in rats, 521 Foot-and-mouth disease, in hedgehogs, 528 Freshwater head and lateral line erosion (FHLLE), of fish, Frostbite, in chinchillas, 498 Fungal infections, cutaneous, in amphibians, in birds, 469 in ferrets, 573 in fish, in invertebrates, in nonhuman primates, 575, 580 in rabbits, in reptiles, Fur mites, in ferrets, in rabbits, Fur slip, in chinchillas, 498 Furunculosis, of fish, Ganoid scales, in fish dermis, Gerbils, marking glands of, 501 skin diseases of, alopecia, 502 bald nose, barbering, 502 dermatophytosis, 504 ectoparasites, facial eczema, matted fur, nasal dermatitis, neoplastic, 506 sore nose, staphylococcal dermatitis, 504 tail slip, Glandular cells, in epidermal disorders, in amphibians, 418 in birds, 489 in ferrets, in fish, in gerbils, in hamsters, in mice, in rats, 517, 521 in sugar gliders, 523 Goblet cells, in fish epidermis, Gout, articular, in birds, Granular glands, epidermal, in amphibians, 418

7 INDEX 591 in fish, 327 Griseofulvin, for skin diseases, in small mammals, 497, 504, 510, 518, 530, 536 Guanine, fish pigmentation and, Guinea pigs, skin diseases of, alopecia, , 540 bacterial infections, dermatophytosis, miscellaneous, neoplastic, 539 normal characteristics vs., 533 parasitic, Hair pulling, in rabbits, 546 Hair rings, in chinchillas, Hamsters, skin diseases of, alopecia, dermatophytosis, 530 endocrine, 530 miscellaneous, neoplastic, 532 normal characteristics VS., 529 parasitic, pyoderma, Harderian gland, of gerbils, skin irritation from, of rats, red tears from, 517 Head and lateral line erosion (HLLE), of fish, Healing process, in fish integument, 356 Hedgehogs, skin diseases of, bacterial infections, 526 dermatophytosis, 526 ectoparasites, miscellaneous, neoplastic, normal characteristics vs., 525 Hemangiomas, of birds, 490 of fish, 391 Hemorrhage, cutaneous, in fish, 355, 384 Hemorrhagic fever virus infections, in nonhuman primates, Herpes virus infections, in fish, , 388 in frogs, in nonhuman primates, 579 in reptiles, 454 Hole-in-the-head (HITH) syndrome, of fish,392 Homeostasis mechanisms, in fish integument, 344 Hormone assays, for gland disorders, in ferrets, 568 Husbandry. See Ellvirollmclltal factors. Hyperadrenocorticism, in hamsters, 530 Hyperemia, in fish, integument role in, 355,384 Hyperestrogenism, in guinea pigs, alopecia from, 534 Hyperkeratosis, coryneform, in mice, 508 Hyperplasia, epidermal, of fish, pathologic, 352, 356, Hypersalinity, in fish dermatopathology, 386 Hyphomycete infections, in fish, 368 Hypothyroidism, in birds, skin manifestations of, 493 Hypoxyia, in fish dermatopathology, 351, , 386, 392 /chthyopllolllls hoferi, in fish, Ichthyophthirills IJIllltifiliis, in fish, Idiopathic cutaneous diseases, of fish, Immune system, in fish integument, pathology of, lnfection(s). See also specific category or organism. cutaneous, in amphibians, in birds, in ferrets, 573 in fish, , 392 in invertebrates, in nonhuman primates, , ,583 in rabbits, in reptiles, in small mammals, gerbils, 504 hedgehogs, 526 mice, , prairie dogs, rats, 522 invertebrate molting and, 311 Inflammation, dermal, in fish, Injury. See Traul1la. Integumental disease. See Skill disease. Intercellular spaces, in fish epidermis, lnvertebrate(s), integument of, ecdysis process in, functions of, healing mechanisms of, 312 structural variety of, integumental disease in, dysecdysis as, infectious, bacterial, fungal, parasitic, 309, secondary, 316 viral, 313 neoplastic, 318 normal characteristics vs., nutritional, 312, 316, 318 traumatic, 312 Iodine toxicity, in amphibian skin, 421

8 592 INDEX Ion transport systems, integumental, in amphibians, 415, in fish, 327, 344, 351 Iridovirus, of amphibians, Ivermectin, for mite infestations, in amphibians, 433 in birds, 467 in ferrets, 572 in rabbits, 548, 550 in reptiles, in small mammals, 505, 519, 527, 538 for myiasis, in rabbits, 553 for tick infestations, in rabbits, 551 Japanese newt, cutaneous papillomas of, 422,434 Keratinocytes, in fish epidermis, , 356 environmental interface of, , 347 pathologic, toxic, in nonhuman primates, 576 in reptile epidermis, 444 Kidney disease, bacterial, of fish, Lead toxicity, in amphibian skin, 421 Leeches, in amphibians, 433 in reptiles, 461 Leprosy, in nonhuman primates, 578 Lesions, dermal. See also Foot lesions. in fish, from nutritional deficiencies, infectious, , 392 pathology of, traumatic, 386 Leukophores, in fish pigmentation, 340, 342 LeuproJide acetate depot, for adrenal disease, in ferrets, 569 Lice infestations, in birds, in fish, in guinea pigs, in mice, 513 in rats, 520 Light, fish pigmentation and, 342, , 386 Lipomas, of birds, 490 of fish, 391 Lorikeets, self-mutilation by, Lovebirds, African, self-mutilation by, 477, 488 Luminescent organs, in fish, 345 Lyme disease, in nonhuman primates, 583 Lymph, in fish epidermis, 323 Lymphocystis disease, of fish, Lymphoma, epitheliotropic, in ferrets, 570 Lymphosarcomas, in birds, 490 in fish, 391 in nonhuman primates, 581 Macaws, self-mutilation by, 482, 484 Maggot infestations, in reptiles, Mammals. See Sl1lall Inaml1lals. Marine head and lateral line erosion (MHLLE), of fish, Marking glands, of gerbils, 501 of guinea pigs, 533 Mast cell tumors, in ferrets, Mastocytomas, of amphibians, 436 Matted fur, in chinchillas, in gerbils, Measle outbreaks, in nonhuman primates, 579 Mechanoreceptors, in fish integument, 346 Melanization, of fish, as pathologic, Melanocyte-concentrating hormone (MCH), fish pigmentation and, , 352 Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH), fish pigmentation and, , 352 Melanomas, in amphibians, 436 in fish, 390 Melanophores, in fish pigmentation, 339, pathologic, Mesenchymal tumors, benign, of amphibians, 435 Metabolic disorders, in ferrets, skin diseases with, , 574 Metal toxicity, cutaneous, in amphibians, 421 in birds, 485 in fish dermatopathology, 387 Metazoan parasitism, in amphibians, Mice, skin diseases of, alopecia, 507, 514 bacterial dermatitis, barbering, dermatophytosis, ear pinna necrosis, 510 ectoparasites, , foot lesions, 514 neoplastic, 514 nutritional,514 preputial gland, ringtail, 515 rough haircoat, 515 viral,

9 INDEX 593 Microfilaria infections, in amphibians, 432 Microridges, in fish epidermis, Microsporidian infections, in fish, Mite infestations, in amphibians, in birds, in ferrets, 572 in gerbils, in guinea pigs, in hamsters, in hedgehogs, in invertebrates, in mice, , 513 in rabbits, in rats, in reptiles, Moist dermatitis, in rabbits, Mold infections, in fish, Mollusks, integument of, 310 bacterial infections of, trauma damage to, 312 larvae infestations of, 367 Molting. See Ecdysis. Monogenean flatworm infestations, in fish, Monogenetic trematodes, in amphibians, 432 Motile aeromonad septicemia (MAS), of fish, Mousepox virus, in mice, Mucochondroid tissue, in fish hypodermis, 334 Mucor alllpiliijiorlllll, in amphibians, Mucous production, in amphibian skin, 418 in fish skin, 325, 347 with disease, 354, 356, Muscle tumors, of fish, 390 Mutilation. See SclFlllutilatioll; Skin 1Illltilatioll. Mycobacteriosis, in amphibians, in fish, in nonhuman primates, in reptiles, Mycotic disease. See Fungal ilifectiolls. Myiasis, in amphibians, 434 in birds, 468 in hedgehogs, 527 in prairie dogs, 425 in rabbits, of amphibians, 434 of birds, 468 of guinea pigs, 539 Myxoma virus infection, in rabbits, Myxomatosis, in rabbits, Myxosporean infestations, in fish, Nasal alopecia. See Bald nose. Nasal dermatitis, in gerbils, Necrobacillosis, in rabbits, 558 Necrosis, avascular, of tails. See Ringtail. cellular, in fish dermatopathology, , 384, 386 dermal, in fish, , 392 in hamsters, 533 ear pinna, in mice, 510 infectious, in invertebrates, 316 of fish fins, 384, 386 of parrot feet, 492 Nematode infestations, in fish, Neoplasms, cutaneous, of amphibians, of birds, 468, self-mutilation with, of ferrets, , 572 of fish, of invertebrates, 318 of nonhuman primates, 576, 581 of rabbi ts, 506, 565 of small mammals, gerbils, 506 guinea pigs, 539 hamsters, 532 hedgehogs, mice, 514 rats, 520 Nerves, peripheral, of fish, neoplasms of, Nestlings, avian, cannibalism and, constricted toe syndrome in, 490 self-mutilation by, 488 Neuroendocrine control, of fish pigmentation, Neurofibromas, of fish, 389 Newts, skin diseases of, 415, 434, 436 infectious, 422, 431 Nodules, dermal, in fish, , 391 Nonglandular cells, in fish epidermis, Nonhuman primate(s) (NHP), skin disease in, alopecia, 576 infectious, allergic, 583 bacteria I, , mycotic, 575, 580 parasitic, 575, viral, , miscellaneous, 576, 581, 583 neoplastic, 576, 581 normal characteristics vs., 576 nutritional, 581 traumatic, 576, 581 zoonotic potential of, 575, Nuptial organs. See Sex glands. Nutrition, as skin disease factor, in amphibians, 415, 438 in birds, 473, 486 in fish, 339,

10 594 INDEX Nutrition (Continued) in invertebrates, 3]2, 316, 318 in nonhuman primates, 581 in reptiles, 444, 453, in small mammals, chinchillas, guinea pigs, 541 hedgehogs, 528 mice, 514 rats, invertebrate molting and, 312, 318 Odontomas, of fish, 391 Oodinium infections, freshwater, in amphibians, 431 Oomycete infections, in fish, Osteoderms, in reptile dermis, 444, 446 Otitis, in hedgehogs, 528 Oxygenation, in fish integument, pathology of, 351, , 386, 392 Pantothenic acid deficiency, in chinchilla skin disease, 500 Papillomas, cutaneous, of Japanese newt, 422,434 of fish, Papillomatosis, in rabbits, 564 Papilloma virus, in reptiles, Papovavirus, in hamsters, 532 Parasitism, cutaneous, in amphibians, metazoan, in birds, , 485 in ferrets, in fish, in invertebrates, in mice, , in nonhuman primates, 575, in rabbits, in reptiles, 449, in small mammals, chinchillas, 498 gerbils, guinea pigs, hamster, hedgehogs, prairie dogs, 525 rats, Parrots, foot skin necrosis in, 492 self-mutilation by, , 487 Pasteurella infections, cutaneous, in mice, 508 in rabbits, Pectoral fins, of fish, , 386 Pediculosis. See Lice infestations. Pelvic fins, of fish, , 339 Penile abscesses, in rodents, , 521 Pentastomids, in reptiles, 459 Perineal tears, in birds, Peripheral nerves, of fish, neoplasms of, Peta/lrus breviceps, skin diseases in, 523 ph levels, in amphibian skin disease, in fish dermatopathology, 386 Pigment cell tumors, of fish, Pigmentation, in fish, biochrome role in, elasmobranchs role in, from chromatophores, 340, from erythrophores, from leukophores, 340, 342 from melanophores, 339, guanine impact on, light impact on, 342, neuroendocrine control of, pathology of, , 356, 384 neoplastic, physiologic change mechanisms of, purpose of, 339 schema chrome role in, 339, source of, Piscinoodinium infections, in amphibians, 431 Piscirickettsiosis, of fish, 379 Placoid scales, in fish dermis, 329, 331 Pododermatitis. See Foot iesiolls. Poison glands, cutaneous, in amphibians, 418 in fish, 327, 345 Poisoning, heavy metal, in amphibians, 421 in birds, 485 in fish, 387 Polyoma virus, in birds, Polyvinyl chloride glue, in amphibian skin disease, 421 Poxvirus infections, in birds, in nonhuman primates, 580 in rabbits, 564 in rodents, , 522 Poxvirus-like particles, in European common frogs, 421 Prairie dogs, skin diseases of, bacterial infections, bald nose, 524 barbering, 524 dermatophytosis, ectoparasites, 525 Preferred optimal temperature (POT), for amphibians, 416, 419 Preputial gland abscesses, in rodents, , 521 Primate(s). See NOllillllllnll prillwte(s) (N HP). Protein production, in fish, as freezing protection, 347

11 INDEX 595 in vertebrates, nutritional factors of, 318 with integumental trauma, 312 Protozoan infections, in amphibians, 430 in fish, , PSflLdocapillaroides xfj/opi infections, in amphibians, 433 Pseudomonas infections, cutaneous, in fish, 374 in nonhuman primates, 433 Psittacine beak and feather disease (PBFD), in birds, self-mutilation VS., 486 Psoroptic mange, in rabbits, 549 Psychotropic drug therapy, for selfmutilation, in birds, 488 in small mammals, 523 Pustules, dermal, in fish, Pyoderma, bacterial, in guinea pigs, 534 in hamsters, Quarrions, self-mutilation by, 480 Rabbit fibroma virus infection, in rabbits, 562,564 Rabbits, bacterial infections in, abscesses, cellulitis, 557 moist dermatitis, necrobacillosis, 558 pasteurella, sore hocks, spirochetosis, staphlococcosis, syphilis, treponematosis, treponemiasis, ulcerative pododermatitis, fungal infections in, ] parasites of, ear mites, 549 fleas, 552 fur mites, miscellaneous mites, myiasis, ticks, skin disorders of, behavioral problems with, 546 infectious, bacterial, fungal, parasitic, viral, neoplastic, 565 traumatic, 546 viral infections in, Rats, skin diseases of, abscesses, 516 alopecia, 517 auricular chondritis, 517 chromodacryorrhea, 5]7-518 dermatophytosis, ectoparasites, neoplastic, 520 nutritional, pododermatitis, 521 preputial gland abscesses, 521 ringtail, 517 rough hair coat, 521 tail slip, 522 ulcerative dermatitis, viral, 522 Red leg septicemia, in amphibians, Red tears, in rats, Regeneration process, of fish integument, 356 Reptile(s), dermatology of, dysecdysis factors in, , 449, 456 ecdysis process in, environmental factors of, 444, 451, 453, ] infectious, bacterial, fungal, parasitic, 449, viral, normal characteristics of, , 446 nutritional, 444, 453, physical examination and history for, thermal, 461 traumatic, Respiratory system, in amphibian integument, 4]5 in fish integument, pathology of, 351, , 392 Retrovirus infection, in fish, 382, 389, 391 Rhabdia infections, in amphibians, 432 Ringtail, in mice, in rats, 517 Ringworm, in brush tail possum, in chinchillas, in ferrets, 573 in gerbils, 504 in guinea pigs, in hamsters, 530 in hedgehogs, 526 in mice, in prairie dogs, in rabbits, in rats, Rodents, skin diseases of, See also specific rodent. Rodlet cells, in fish epidermis, Rosellas, self-mutilation by, 479 Rough haircoat, in rodents, 515, 521

12 596 INDEX Sacciform celis, in fish epidermis, Salivation, excessive, in chinchillas, Saprolegnia, in amphibians, 429 Sarcomas, in amphibians, 436 in fish, 391 Scabies infestations, in ferrets, 572 in rabbits, 549 Scales, in fish dermis, appendages of, bony-ridge, 329, ctenoid, 333 cycloid, 329, 331, 333 derivatives of, elasmoid, 329, ganoid, morphology and growth of, placoid, 329, 331 in reptile dermis, 444, 446 Scent glands, in sugar gliders, 523 Schemachromes, in fish pigmentation, 339, Schmorl's disease, in rabbits, 558 Schwannomas, of fish, 389 Scurvy. See Vitamin C deficiency. Sebaceous glands, in ferrets, 567 disorders of, Seborrhea, in guinea pigs, 540 Secondary infections, cutaneous, in fish, 351, 393 in invertebrates, 316 Self-mutilation. See also Barbering. by birds, ali species, etiologies of, treatment of, specie specific, by sugar gliders, 523 Sensory functions, in fish integument, 329, 339, Sepsis, in nonhuman primates, 576, 583 Septic blush, in reptiles, Septicemia, bacterial, in amphibians, in reptiles, motile aeromonad, of fish, Septicemic cutaneous ulcerative dermatitis (scud), in reptiles, 452 Serous celis, epidermal, in amphibians, 418 in fish, 327 Sex glands, cutaneous, in fish, 334 in nonhuman primates, 576 Shed cycle, of reptiles, Shope fibroma virus infection, in rabbits, 562,564 Shope papillomavirus, in rabbits, 564 Skin disease(s), avian, See also Avian skin disease(s). nonhuman primate, See also Nonhuman primate(s). of amphibians, See also Aillphibilllz(s). of ferrets, See also Ferrets. of fish, See "Iso Fish. of invertebrates, See also Illvertebmte(s). of rabbits, See also Rabbits. of reptiles, See also Reptile(s). of rodents and smali mammals, See also specific ilnimil/. Skin mutilation, in birds, traumatic, 474 by cannibalism, by self-mutilation, Sloughing, of fish epidermis, pathologic, , Small mammals, skin diseases of, See also specific /IlanIlllill. Smooth muscle celis, in fish dermis, 329 Social interactions, of birds, self-mutilation and, 485, Social order, of birds, self-mutilation and, of rabbits, hair pulling and, 546 Sore hocks, in rabbits, Sore nose, in gerbils, Spindle cell tumors, of fish, 389 Spines, of fish, 333, 335 venom glands in, 345 of hedgehogs, 525 Spirochetosis, in rabbits, Squamous cell carcinoma, in birds, 489 in ferrets, in fish, in nonhuman primates, 581 in rabbits, 565 Staphylococcal infections, cutaneous, in gerbils, 504 in guinea pigs, 534, 536 in mice, 507 in nonhuman primates, 576 in prairie dogs, 523 in rabbits, , 559 Stratum basale, in fish epidermis, 322,354 Stratum compactum, in fish dermis, 329 Stratum corneum, in fish epidermis, absence of, , 328 in reptile epidermis, 444 Stratum germinativum, in fish epidermis, 322 in reptile epidermis, 444 Stratum spongiosum, in fish dermis, 329 Stra wberry disease, in fish, Streptococcal infections, cutaneous, in mice, 507 in nonhuman primates, 576 Stress response, in fish dermatopathology. 341, 343, 354, 356,

13 INDEX 597 Subcutaneous air sac swellings, in birds, Subcutaneous emphysema, in birds, Sugar gliders, skin diseases in, 523 Sunburn, in nonhuman primates, 576, 581 Syphilis, in rabbits, Tactile reception, in fish integument, 347 Tail necrosis, avascular. See Ringtail. Tail slip, in gerbils, in rats, 522 Taste buds, in fish, 339, Temperature reception, in fish integument, 347,386 Teratomas, of amphibians, 437 Tetrahymenid infestations, in fish, 363 Thermal injury, of amphibian skin, 418 of nonhuman primate skin, 576, 581 of reptile skin, 461 Thrombosis, dermal, of fish, Tick infestations, in ferrets, 573 in hedgehogs, 527 in nonhuman primates, 583 in rabbits, in reptiles, Toenail injuries, in birds, 474 Tongue worms, in reptiles, 459 Toxins, cutaneous, in amphibians, Trauma, cutaneous, in amphibians, 4]8 in birds, by cannibalism, by self-mutilation, injuries, 474 in ferrets, in fish, 386 in invertebrates, 312 in nonhuman primates, 576, 581 in rabbits, 546 in reptiles, in small mammals, , 540 Trematode infestations, digenean, in fish, in reptiles, 459 monogenetic, in amphibians, 432 Treponematosis, in rabbits, Treponemiasis, in rabbits, Trichodina infections, in amphibians, 430 Trichofolliculomas, in guinea pigs, 539 TrichophytoJi mentagrophytes infections. See Ringworl1l. Tromibiculid mites, in amphibians, Tubercles, breeding, in fish epidermis, , 334 Tumors. See Neoplasms; specific type. Turbellarian infestations, in fish, 360 Ulcerative dermal necrosis (UDN), of fish, , 392 Ulcerative dermatitis, in guinea pigs, 537, 540 in rabbits, in rats, septicemic cutaneous, in reptiles, 452 Ultraviolet radiation, in fish dermatopathology, 342, , 386 Uropygial gland tumors, of birds, 489 Varoosis, in invertebrates, Vascular congestion, in fish integument, 355 Velvet disease, in amphibians, 43] Venom glands, in fish, 345 Vesicles, dermal, in fish, Vibriosis, of fish, Viral infections, cutaneous, in amphibians, in birds, , 485 in ferrets, 573 in fish, neoplasms from, , 391 in invertebrates, 313 in nonhuman primates, , in rabbits, 56]-564 in reptiles, in rodents, , 522 Vitamin A, reptile skin disease and, Vitamin C deficiency, in guinea pigs, 54] in reptiles, 457 Vitamin deficiencies, invertebrate molting and, 312, 318 skin disease with, in chinchillas, 500 in fish, in guinea pigs, , 541 in nonhuman primates, 581 in reptiles, Vitamin E deficiency, in reptiles, 457 Vitamin excess(es), skin disease with, in fish, 385 in reptiles, 457 in small mammals, 528 Water molds, fish infections from, Wet mounts, in cutaneous cytology, of amphibians, 431 of fish, Wetting agents, for ecdysis, in reptiles, White-spot disease, of fish,

14 598 INDEX Xanthomas, of birds, 490 Yellow ears, in chinchillas, 500 Yersiniosis, of fish, 377 Zona adherens, in fish integument, 323 Zona occludens, in fish integument, 323 Zoonotic potential, of skin diseases, in amphibians, 426, 429 in birds, in ferrets, 572 in nonhuman primates, 575, in reptiles, 452 in small mammals, 497, 518, 522