Indiana 4 H/FFA State Livestock Skill A Thon Contest 2017 Resource Packet

Transcription

1 Indiana 4 H/FFA State Livestock Skill A Thon Contest 2017 Resource Packet Thank you to our 2016 Sponsors: Crossbred Classic Saturday, September 16, 2017 ASREC Machine Shed 5675 W 600 N, West Lafayette, IN Registration: 7:30 AM in ASREC Classroom Contest: 8:30 AM

2 Table of Contents Rules and Regulations... 3 Contest Method of Conduct Contest Classes and Scoring Example of Scantron Sheet Example of Correctly Bubbled Scantron Sheet Breed Master List Livestock Equipment Master List Feedstuff Master List Retail Meat ID Master List Retail Cut Identification Livestock Feed Identification Livestock Breed Identification Meat Judging Fleece/Hay Judging Livestock Equipment Identification Quality Assurance Quiz Livestock Scenario Team Resource Material

3 Indiana 4-H/FFA Livestock Skill-A-Thon Contest Contest Date: September 16, 2017 Location: Purdue ASREC Machine Shed Contest Coordinator: Aaron Fisher; Rules and Regulations Team and Contestant Eligibility 1. All 4-H (grades 3-12) or FFA members (grades 7-12) in the state of Indiana are eligible. The contest will be divided into junior (grades 3-8) and senior (grades 9-12) divisions. There will be a separate contest for juniors and seniors. Contestants must participate in the division according to their grade. The top 4-H senior team will be invited to attend the National Skill-A-Thon Contest which will be held in November in Louisville, Kentucky. The top FFA team and the second place 4-H team will have the opportunity to participate in the Western National Roundup Livestock Quiz Bowl in Denver in January. 2. Teams may consist of three or four members. All members of a four person team will compete, but the member receiving the lowest overall score will automatically be declared the alternate. The alternate s scores will not be included in any of the team totals, but will be considered in making all individual awards. Teams consisting of three members will not have an alternate and all members scores will count towards individual and team awards. 3. Registration forms are due to Purdue University, State 4-H Office, by September 1, Please use the Official 4-H and FFA Career Development Registration form for entry which can be found at Registration fees are $12.00 per individual. Checks should be made payable to Purdue University. Entries received after September 1 will be charged $ per team and $25.00 per individual. No refunds will be made after September 1, No walk-up registration allowed! MUST PREREGISTER! 4. Contestants must not have competed previously in any official post-secondary livestock quiz bowl or livestock quadrathlon contests. 5. This contest covers the understanding and practical application and the principles of Animal Sciences related to beef, sheep, swine, and meat goats. 6. Master lists have been provided for breeds, equipment, feedstuffs, and retail meat ID (updated). Contest Method of Conduct 1. Registration for the contest will begin at 7:30 AM with the contest starting at 8:30 AM. 2. Contestants will be allowed 8 minutes to complete each of the 9 competition classes. Teams will be allowed 45 minutes to complete all of the team activities (no rotations for team activities). 3

4 3. During the individual competition round, contestants will be divided into groups and will remain with that assigned group throughout the round of classes. Each contestant will be given a single scantron sheet in which to complete all of the stations. It is the contestants responsibility to completely and adequately bubble their answers on the scantron sheet. There will be an effort made to bubble any contestant numbers that are not read by the scantron machine, but NO re-bubbling of answers. While completing the individual competition classes, there will be no conferring between contestants or between a contestant and anyone else except as directed by contest officials. The team competition round will follow the individual competition round. 4. Team members will complete one answer sheet for each team class representing the combined effort of all team members. There will be one answer sheet per team station. Teams will be allowed 45 minutes to complete all of the team activities turn in their 3 answer sheets (no rotations during the team portion). During the team competition round of the contest, contestants will only be allowed to confer with their own team members during the time period. 5. Contestants shall not wear any hats. 6. Contestants should bring a blank steno pad, clipboard and blank paper. Contestants may also use a small pocket calculator (programmable calculators will not be permitted). The contestants may not bring books, notes, pamphlets, or other reference materials into the contest area. Contestants found in contempt of this rule will be disqualified. 7. Contestants may not be in possession of cell phones or other PDA devices during the contest. 8. Contestants are not to pick up or touch any item that is being identified or evaluated in the individual competition classes. 9. Awards will be presented at the conclusion of the contest. Awards Junior Awards Awards for the top three teams Award for the top individual Senior 4 H Awards Awards for the top three teams Award for the top individual Senior FFA Awards Awards for the top three teams Award for the top individual Top Junior, Senior 4 H and Senior FFA Individual Overall Banner Top Junior, Senior 4 H and Senior FFA Team Overall Banner 4

5 Contest Classes Individual Classes 1. Retail Meat Cut Identification: (50 points) Identify species (1 pt), wholesale (1 pt), retail (2 pt) and cookery (1pt) of 10 meat cuts in multiple choice format, spread across two stops (5 retail cuts per stop). 2. Meat Judging: Rank two classes of four similar retail cuts of meat (100 points). Seniors must also answer five questions on one of the classes (25 points). 3. Livestock Feed Identification: (50 points) Identify proper name of 10 feeds (3 pt) and identify each corresponding nutrient classification (2 pt) in multiple choice format. 4. Livestock Breed Identification: (50 points) Identify from pictures, ten breeds (beef cattle, swine, and sheep); seniors must also match the most appropriate description (Breed: 3 pt, Description: 2 pt). 5. Fleece and Hay Judging Class: (100 points) Rank a class of four hay samples with forage analysis information. Rank a class of four samples of fleece. A scenario will be provided for both classes. 6. Livestock Equipment Identification: (50 points) Identify proper name of 10 pieces of equipment; seniors must also identify their usage type, i.e. breeding (Equipment: 3 pt; Description: 2 pt). 7. Quality Assurance Exercise: (75 points) Complete a 25-question quiz over how to read a medicine label, calculate withdrawal times, complete a treatment record, and make responsible management decisions regarding quality assurance. 8. Quiz: (75 points) Complete a 25-question quiz concerning the total livestock industry. Total Possible Individual Points = Seniors: 575 Juniors: 550 Team Activities 1. Keep/Cull Exercise (Juniors: 50 points; Seniors: 75 points) Team members will evaluate a group of 8 breeding animals (beef, sheep, swine or goats) using performance data to make selection/culling decisions based on a given scenario. Seniors will also answer 5 five-point questions on the class. 2. Judging Class (50 points) Team members will rank a set of 4 breeding or market animals (beef, sheep, swine or goats). Either could have performance data and/or a scenario. 3. Quality Assurance Exercise (100 points) Complete a 25-question quiz over how to read an animal health product label, calculate dosage rates and withdrawal times, complete a treatment record, be familiar with administration routes and make responsible management decisions regarding quality assurance. Total Possible Team Points = Seniors: 225 Juniors: 200 Total team scores will be determined by adding the three highest individual team members class totals with the total accumulated from the team competition classes. 5

6 Skill-A-Thon Class List Junior Division Points Type Class Name Comments 50 Scantron Retail Meat ID 10 5 points each (Species: 1 pt; Primal: 1 pt; Retail: 2 pt; Cookery: 1 pt) 50 Scantron Livestock Feed ID 10 5 points each 50 Scantron Livestock Breed ID 10 5 points each 100 Scantron Meat Judging 2 classes; Placing Only 50 Scantron Fleece Judging Placing Only 50 Scantron Hay Judging Placing Only 50 Scantron Equipment ID 10 5 points each 75 Scantron Quality Assurance 25 3 points each 75 Scantron Quiz 25 3 points each 100 Scantron Team Quality Assurance 25 4 points each 50 Raw Team Keep/Cull Selection Only; 50 points 50 Hormel Team Placing Class Placing Only; 50 points Senior Division Points Type Class Name Comments 50 Scantron Retail Meat ID 10 5 points each (Species: 1 pt; Primal: 1 pt; Retail: 2 pt; Cookery: 1 pt) 50 Scantron Livestock Feed ID 10 5 points each (Feed: 3 pt; Classification: 2 pt) 50 Scantron Livestock Breed ID 10 5 points each (Breed: 3 pt; Description: 2 pt) 100 Hormel Meat Judging 2 classes; 1 placing only 25 Reasons Meat Judging Questions 5 5 points each 50 Hormel Fleece Judging Placing Only 50 Hormel Hay Judging Placing Only 50 Scantron Equipment ID 10 5 points each (Equipment: 3 pts; Use: 2 pts) 75 Scantron Quality Assurance 25 3 points each 75 Scantron Quiz 25 3 points each 100 Scantron Team Quality Assurance 25 4 points each 75 Raw Team Keep/Cull 50 points for selection; 25 points for questions 50 Hormel Team Placing Class Placing Only; 50 points 6

7 Example of Scantron Sheet Side 1 7

8 Example of Scantron Sheet Side 2 8

9 Example of Correctly Bubbled Scantron Sheet Side 1 9

10 Example of Correctly Bubbled Scantron Sheet Side 2 10

11 Beef Angus Brahman Brangus Charolais Chianina Gelbvieh Hereford Limousin Maine-Anjou Red Angus Red Poll Salers Santa Gertrudis Shorthorn Simmental Texas Longhorn Sheep Cheviot Columbia Corriedale Dorper Dorset Finnsheep Hampshire Katahdin Lincoln Montadale Merino Oxford Breeds of Livestock Master List British breed with highest number of registrations in the US. Noted for mothering ability and carcass marbling Bos Indicus breed known for heat and insect tolerance. Developed in the US, made up of 3/8 Brahman and 5/8 Angus. Bred for heat tolerance of Brahman and maternal and carcass traits of Angus. High growth breed originally from France known for muscle and cutability. Developed in Italy. Known for size and growth, referred to as the tallest breed of cattle. Developed in Germany, originally considered a dual purpose breed. Has good carcass cutability and relatively early puberty. Can be horned or polled. Hardy British breed which in recent years combined polled and horned associations. Developed in France with moderate growth rate and frame size and high carcass cutability. Developed in France by crossing the Durham and the Mancelle breeds. Has good muscling. From Scotland. Considered maternal with good terminal-related performance. Originally developed as a dual-purpose breed in England that would possess moderate size, would fatten quickly and also produce a good milk supply. Found in ancient cave drawings dated 7,000 years ago in France. Considered to be one of the oldest and most genetically pure of all of the European breeds. Developed in Texas by crossing the Brahman (3/8) and Shorthorn (5/8) breeds. Became first official breed developed in the US. Known for heat tolerance and maternal. Originated in England, with three distinct color patterns, considered a maternal breed. Originally developed in Switzerland for meat, milk and draft. Now noted for high growth rate, milking ability, and carcass cutability. Due to its natural selection and adaption, this breed is considered to be a survival of the fittest breed. Known for being hardy, aggressive and adaptable. Small sized meat breed noted for its hardiness from Scotland Large frame US breed, developed from Lincolns and Rambouillets Large frame wool breed developed from crossing Lincoln or Leicester rams on Merino ewes Primarily a mutton sheep, this breed was developed in South Africa and is one of the most fertile of sheep breeds. English, white face, meat breed known for out of season breeding Lighter muscled breed from Finland noted for being prolific Large framed, English, meat breed with black face and wool cap A hair sheep breed developed in the United States. Although not a popular breed in the US, this breed is unique because the fleece of is carried in heavy locks that are often twisted into a spiral near the end Breed developed from Columbia and Cheviot cross noted for high quality carcasses and excellent wool Very fine fleece breed with heavy wool production from Spain This breed originated as the result of crossing Cotswolds and Hampshires and produces the heaviest fleece of any of the Down breeds. 11

12 Rambouillet Shropshire Southdown Suffolk Tunis Swine Berkshire Chester White Duroc Hampshire Hereford Landrace Pietrain Poland China Spot Tamworth Yorkshire Goat Angora Boer Kiko Pygmy Tennessee Woodenleg Wool breed developed in France and Germany from Merino breed Breed originating in England known as one of the heaviest wool producers among the medium wool breeds This breed is early maturing with good lambing ability and average milk production. They excel in a cross breeding program in their ability to produce meaty lamb carcasses at light weights and hot-house lambs. Large framed, black faced breed known for high growth rate and carcass cutability from England This is a medium sized meat type breed that is also known for their disease resistance and their ability to remain productive on marginal land. Originally from England noted for pork quality, tenderness and marbling. Known as a maternal breed with high conception rates, developed in PA. Noted for high growth rate, durability and leanness, developed in New Jersey and New York. Terminal sire breed with unique color patterns that is noted for muscle and cutability. Dual purpose breed, red with white markings on head and lower body. Noted for large litters and large droopy ears, generally refined in bone. Noted for extreme muscle volume and shape, with a high propensity for stress which is related to pork quality concerns. Lean, heavy muscled, black breed with six white points and droopy ears from Ohio. Black and white, developed in US, noted for rapid growth and as aggressive breeders Red, rugged, active breed known as a lean type hog with long neck, snout and leg. Has erect ears, known as the mother breed. The most valuable characteristic of this breed as compared to other goats is the value of the mohair that is clipped A prominent strong head with brown eyes and a gentle appearance. Nose with a gentle curve, wide nostrils, and well-formed mouth with well-opposed jaws. Body should be boldly three dimensional: long, deep, wide Known for hardiness and ability to achieve substantial weight gains when under natural conditions without supplementary feeding. Large framed, generally white with a coat that ranges from slick in summer to flowing hair when run in mountain country in winter. Originally exported from Africa to zoos in Sweden and Germany where they were on display as exotic animals. Myotonic, their muscles become extremely stiff when they are frightened. This hereditary condition makes the goat very muscular. Source: 12

13 Tool Acceptable Uses Livestock Equipment Master List Ammonia Sensor Diagnostic (animal or environment) Antiseptic Applicator Emergency or preventative health treatment Balling Gun Emergency or preventative health treatment Vaccination/product administration Beef Cattle Fitting and showing Frame Stick Beef Halter Facilities/animal restraint Fitting and showing Breeding Breeding Catheter Cattle Clippers Fitting and showing Cattle AI Gun Cauterizing Tail Docker Curry Comb Dehorner Disposable Syringe Drench Gun Ear Notchers Ear Tag Pliers Elastrator Electric Fence Tester Electronic ID Tag Emasculator Ewe Spoon Breeding Castration/docking Fitting and showing Dehorning Vaccination/product administration Vaccination/product administration Identification Identification Castration/docking Facilities/animal restraint Identification Castration/docking Obstetrical/neonatal Foot Rot Shears Emergency or preventative health treatment Forage Probe Diagnostic (animal or environment) Freeze Identification Branding Iron Heat Detection Breeding Patch Hog Snare Facilities/animal restraint Emergency or preventative health treatment Emergency or preventative health treatment Diagnostic (animal or environment) Hoof Chisel Emergency or preventative Fitting and showing health treatment Hoof Trimmer Fitting and showing Emergency or preventative health treatment Intravenous Set Emergency or preventative health treatment Vaccination/product administration 13 Diagnostic (animal or environment)

14 Knife Steel Diagnostic (animal or environment) Lamb Boot Emergency or preventative health treatment Lamb Tube Emergency or preventative Feeder health treatment Nasal Cannula Emergency or preventative health treatment Needle Teeth Emergency or preventative Clippers health treatment Nipple Waterer Facilities/animal restraint Nose Lead Facilities/animal restraint Pig Obstetrical Obstetrical/neonatal Forceps Pig Resuscitator Emergency or preventative health treatment Pistol Grip Vaccination/product Syringe administration Prolapse Ring Emergency or preventative Retainer health treatment Ralgro Implant Vaccination/product Gun administration Ram Marking Breeding Harness Rumen Magnet Emergency or preventative health treatment Scalpel Emergency or preventative health treatment Scotch Comb Fitting and showing Emergency or preventative health treatment Emergency or preventative health treatment Emergency or preventative health treatment Emergency or preventative health treatment Diagnostic (animal or environment) Diagnostic (animal or environment) Shearer's Fitting and showing Screwdriver Sheep Shears Fitting and showing Emergency or preventative health treatment Swine Breeding Breeding Spirette Tattoo Pliers Identification Test Tube Diagnostic (animal or environment) Transfer Needle Diagnostic (animal or environment) Vacutainer Diagnostic (animal or environment) Wool Card Fitting and showing Emergency or preventative health treatment Emergency or preventative health treatment Emergency or preventative health treatment Castration/docking Vaccination/product administration Obstetrical/neonatal Vaccination/product administration Vaccination/product administration Castration/docking 14

15 Feedstuffs Master List Feedstuffs Whole Shelled Corn Cracked Corn Steam Flaked Corn Corn Gluten Feed Pellets Corn Gluten Meal Distiller s Grain Whole Soybeans Soybean Hulls Soybean Meal Whole Grain Wheat Wheat Middlings Whole Grain Barley Cottonseed Hulls Cottonseed Meal Whole Oats Rolled Oats Dried Sugar Beet Pulp Fish Meal Feather Meal Blood Meal Dehydrated Alfalfa Meal Pellets Dicalcium Phosphate Dried Whey Ground Limestone Trace Mineral Salt White Salt Urea Dry Molasses Liquid Molasses Classifications Energy Protein Mineral 15

16 Retail Meat ID Master List Species Primal Retail Cookery Beef Chuck Top Blade Steak (Flat Iron) Dry Beef Flank Flank Steak Dry/Moist Beef Loin Porterhouse Steak Dry Beef Loin T bone Steak Dry Beef Loin Top Loin Steak Dry Beef Loin Tenderloin Steak Dry Beef Plate Short Ribs Moist Beef Rib Rib Roast Dry Beef Rib Ribeye Steak, Bnls Dry Beef Round Round Steak, Bnls Moist Beef Round Bottom Round Roast Dry/Moist Beef Round Eye Round Steak Dry/Moist Beef Round Tip Roast Cap Off Dry/Moist Beef Round Top Round Steak Dry Beef Various Cube Steak Dry/Moist Beef Various Beef for Stew Moist Beef Various Ground Beef Dry Beef Variety Heart Dry/Moist Beef Variety Kidney Dry/Moist Beef Variety Liver Dry/Moist Beef Variety Oxtail Moist Beef Variety Tongue Dry/Moist Pork Ham/Leg Pork Fresh Ham Center Slice Dry/Moist Pork Ham/Leg Pork Fresh Ham Shank Portion Dry/Moist Pork Ham/Leg Smoked Ham, Center Slice Dry Pork Loin Blade Chops Dry/Moist Pork Loin Blade Roast Dry/Moist Pork Loin Center Rib Roast Dry Pork Loin Country Style Ribs Dry/Moist Pork Loin Smoked Loin Chop Dry Pork Loin Loin Chops Dry Pork Loin Smoked Rib Chop Dry Pork Loin Rib Chops Dry Pork Loin Butterflied Chop Bnls Dry Pork Shoulder Arm Roast Dry/Moist Pork Shoulder Blade Boston Roast Dry/Moist Pork Shoulder Blade Steak Dry/Moist Pork Side/Belly Fresh Side Moist Pork Side/Belly Slab Bacon Dry Pork Side/Belly Sliced Bacon Dry Pork Spareribs Pork Spareribs Dry/Moist Pork Variety Heart Dry/Moist Pork Variety Kidney Dry/Moist Pork Variety Liver Dry/Moist Pork Variety Tongue Dry/Moist Lamb Loin Loin Chops Dry Lamb Rib Rib Chops Dry 16

17 Lamb Rib Rib Chops Frenched Dry Lamb Rib Rib Roast Dry Lamb Shoulder Arm Chops Dry/Moist Lamb Shoulder Blade Chops Dry/Moist Lamb Leg Center Slice Dry Lamb Variety Heart Dry/Moist Lamb Variety Kidney Dry/Moist Lamb Variety Liver Dry/Moist Lamb Variety Tongue Dry/Moist 17

18 Important Note: The following material is provided for examples of the knowledge that will be tested and question types that can be expected in the Skillathon CDE. It is by no means an exhaustive list of material. An attempt will be made to keep two years worth of material in packet. RETAIL CUT IDENTIFICATION Score sheets like those that will be used are included below. They will bubble their answers in the corresponding sections on the scantron sheet. Seniors and Juniors will answer Species, Primal, Retail and Cookery. There will be separate divisions for Seniors and Juniors. This is an individual portion of the contest and youth are expected to do their own work. Resources for identifying various cuts of meat are at: See retail meat master list earlier in this document Livestock Skillathon Retail Meat ID Fill in bubble for each question. Each meat cut consists of 4 questions. 1) Species A. Beef B. Pork C. Lamb Senior A 1 2) Wholesale A. Round B. Flank C. Plate D. Loin E. Various 3) Retail A. Blade Boston B. Eye Round Roast C. Round Tip Roast D. Arm Chop E. Back Ribs 4) Cookery A. Dry Heat B. Moist Heat C. Dry or Moist Heat 5) Species A. Beef B. Pork C. Lamb 2 6) Wholesale A. Plate B. Spareribs C. Loin D. Chuck E. Brisket 7) Retail A. Arm Picnic B. Blade Chop C. Center Rib Roast D. Petite Tender E. Loin Chop 8) Cookery A. Dry Heat B. Moist Heat C. Dry or Moist Heat LIVESTOCK FEED IDENTIFICATION Score sheets like those that will be used are included below. They will bubble their answers in the corresponding sections on the scantron sheet. Students identify 10 feedstuffs and their classification. One internet resource that will prove helpful in studying for this portion of the contest is the University of Kentucky s agripedia site located at Additionally, it might be helpful to collect an actual feedstuff bank so students can determine textures and smells associated with each feedstuff that cannot be determined online. See feedstuff master list earlier in this document Livestock Skillathon Feed ID Fill in bubble for each question. Each feed consists of 2 questions. Feed A. White Salt B. Wheat Middlings C. Cracked Corn D. Dicalcium Phosphate E. Trace Mineral Salt 1 1) Sample F. Soybean Meal G. Dried Whey H. Cottonseed Meal I. Urea J. Limestone 2) Nutrition A. Energy B. Protein C. Minerals Feed A. Corn Gluten Meal B. Dried Whey C. Dry Molasses D. Limestone E. Cracked Corn 2 3) Sample F. Dicalcium Phosphate G. Whole Kernel Corn H. Distillers Grain I. Rolled Oats J. Urea 4) Nutrition A. Energy B. Protein C. Minerals 18

19 LIVESTOCK BREED IDENTIFICATION Score sheets like those that will be used are included below. They will bubble their answers in the corresponding sections on the scantron sheet. Students will identify breeds using pictures of livestock from four species (beef, sheep, swine, and goat). Seniors will also be asked to match the breed description with the appropriate picture and breed. See livestock breed master list earlier in this document. Senior 2012 Livestock Skillathon Senior Breed ID Fill in bubble for each question. There are 2 questions for each item. Each breed is worth 3 points and description is worth 2 points 1) Breed A. Yorkshire B. Berkshire C. Landrace D. Chester White E. Hampshire 1 2) Description A. Originally from England noted for pork quality, tenderness and marbling. B. Lean, heavy muscled, black breed with six white points and droopy ears from Ohio. C. Has erect ears, known as the "mother breed". D. Known as a maternal breed with high conception rates, developed in PA. E. Noted for large litters and large droopy ears, generallly refined in bone. 3) Breed A. Tennessee Woodenleg B. Katahdin C. Kiko D. Boer E. Dorper 2 4) Description A. The most valuable characteristic of this breed as compared to other goats is the value of the mohair that is clipped. B. Prom. strong head, brown eyes, gentle app., gentle curve nose, wide nostrils, well formed mouth with well opp. jaws. Body is boldly 3 dim: long, deep, wide. C. Originally exported from Africa to zoos in Sweden and Germany where they were on display as exotic animals. D. Myotonic, their muscles become extremely stiff when they are frightened. This hereditary condition makes the goat very muscular. E. A hair breed of sheep developed in the United States. Junior Breed Breed Breed 2012 Livestock Skillathon Junior Breeds Station Fill in bubble for each question. Each piece of equpment is worth 5 points A. Yorkshire B. Berkshire C. Landrace D. Chester White E. Hampshire A. Dorset B. Katahdin C. Kiko D. Boer E. Dorper A. Yorkshire B. Berkshire C. Duroc D. Chester White E. Spot MEAT JUDGING Meat Judging Class: Rank two classes of four similar retail cuts of meat (100 possible points). Seniors must also answer five questions for each class (25 points). Resources for meat judging are at: FLEECE/HAY JUDGING Fleece and Hay Judging Class: (100 possible points) Rank a class of four hay samples with forage analysis information. Rank a class of four samples of fleece. For more information on evaluation of hay and fleece samples please refer to the Resource Section later in this document Livestock Skillathon Fleece Judging Rank the four fleeces as they would be used in a premium line of heavy wool outerwear including jackets and sweaters. 19

20 2015 Livestock Skillathon Fleece Judging Rank these four fleeces as they would be marketed by a central Indiana wool buyer that has found a niche market for locally produced wool Livestock Skillathon Hay Judging Rank these hays as they would be used in a least-cost, maintenance ration for early gestating mature cows where protein is supplemented as needed. No. % DM % CP % TDN Cost ($/ton) Livestock Skillathon Hay Judging Rank these hays as they would be fed primarily to lactating cows that have just calved for the first time. This fall calving operation in southern Indiana focuses on the production of elite show calves. Since the owner is a successful lawyer in Louisville, KY, financial resources are abundant and thus do not typically figure into management decisions on the farm No. % DM % CP % TDN Cost ($/ton) LIVESTOCK EQUIPMENT IDENTIFICATION Score sheets like those that will be used are included below. They will bubble their answers in the corresponding sections on the scantron sheet. Students identify 10 pieces of equipment. Seniors must also identify the use with each piece of equipment. See livestock equipment master list earlier in this document. Senior 2012 Indiana 4 H Livestock Skill A Thon Equipment ID Fill in bubble for each question. There are 2 questions for each item. Each piece of equpment is worth 3 points and use is worth 2 points 1 Equipment Use A. Vacutainer B. Nasal Cannula C. Disposable Syringe D. Lamb Tube Feeder E. Transfer Needle F. Balling Gun G. Prolapse Ring Retainer H. Ralgro Implant I. Elastrator J. Ewe Spoon A. Breeding B. Castration/Docking C. Dehorning D. Emergency/Preventative Treatment E. Facilities/Restraint F. Fitting and Showing G. Identification H. Obstetrical/Neonatal I. Vaccination/Administration J. Diagnostic 2 Equipment Use A. Nose Lead B. Dehorner C. Hog Snare D. Hoof Trimmer E. Cauterizing Tail Docker F. Elastrator G. Nasal Cannula H. Ram Marking Harness I. Beef Cattle Frame Stick J. Electric Fence Tester A. Breeding B. Castration/Docking C. Dehorning D. Emergency/Preventative Treatment E. Facilities/Restraint F. Fitting and Showing G. Identification H. Obstetrical/Neonatal I. Vaccination/Administration J. Diagnostic 20

21 Junior 2012 Indiana 4 H Livestock Skill A Thon Equipment ID Fill in bubble for each question. Each piece of equpment is worth 5 points 1 Equipment A. Nasal Cannula B. Disposable Syringe C. Balling Gun D. Transfer Needle E. Ralgro Implant Gun F. Drench Gun G. Elastrator H. Test Tube I. Lamb Tube Feeder J. Breeding Catheter 2 Equipment A. Drench Gun B. Balling Gun C. Lamb Tube Feeder D. Ralgro Implant Gun E. Antiseptic Applicator F. Disposable Syringe G. Forage Probe H. Heat Detection Patch I. Hoof Chisel J. Pig Resuscitator 3 Equipment A. Beef Cattle Frame Stick B. Cattle AI Gun C. Dehorner D. Hog Snare E. Hoof Chisel F. Nose Lead G. Prolapse Ring Retainer H. Ralgro Implant Gun I. Swine Breeding Spirette J. Rumen Magnet QUALITY ASSURANCE 2016 Livestock Skillathon Quality Assurance Quiz Junior Division Individual BANAMINE -S INJECTABLE SOLUTION Intervet/Schering-Plough Animal Health (FLUNIXIN MEGLUMINE) 50 mg/ml VETERINARY: For intramuscular use in swine. Not for use in breeding swine. CAUTION: Federal law restricts this drug to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian. DESCRIPTION: Each milliliter of BANAMINE-S Injectable Solution contains flunixin meglumine equivalent to 50 mg flunixin, 0.1 mg edetate disodium, 2.5 mg sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate, 4.0 mg diethanolamine, mg propylene glycol; 5.0 mg phenol as preservative, hydrochloric acid, water for injection q.s. PHARMACOLOGY: Flunixin meglumine is a potent, non-narcotic, non-steroidal, analgesic agent with antiinflammatory and antipyretic activity. It is significantly more potent than pentazocine, meperidine, and codeine as an analgesic in the rat yeast paw test. Flunixin is known to persist in inflammatory tissues 1 and is associated with antiinflammatory properties which extend well beyond the period associated with detectable plasma drug concentrations 2. Therefore, prediction of drug concentrations based upon estimated plasma terminal elimination half-life will likely underestimate both the duration of drug action and the concentration of drug remaining at the site of activity. The pharmacokinetic profiles were found to follow a 2-compartmental model, although a deep (third) compartment was observed in some animals. The mean terminal elimination half-life (β half-life) of flunixin after a single intramuscular injection of Banamine (2.2 mg/kg) to pigs was between 3 and 4 hours. The mean observed maximum plasma concentration was 2944 ng/ml, achieved at a mean time of approximately 0.4 hours. The mean AUC (0-LOQ) was 6431 ng*hr/ml. Following IM administration of flunixin, quantifiable drug concentration could be measured up to 18 hours post dose. The mean volume of distribution was 2003 ml/kg and the mean total clearance was 390 ml/hr/kg. The mean absolute bioavailability of flunixin following an intramuscular injection in the neck was 87%. INDICATION: Indicated for the control of pyrexia associated with swine respiratory disease. DOSE AND ADMINISTRATION: The recommended dose for swine is 2.2 mg/kg (1 mg/lb; 2 ml per 100 lbs) body weight given by a single intramuscular administration. The injection should be given only in the neck musculature with a maximum of 10 ml per site. Note: Intramuscular injection may cause local tissue irritation and damage. In an injectionsite irritation study, the tissue damage did not resolve in all animals by Day 28 post-injection. This may result in trim loss of edible tissue at slaughter. CONTRAINDICATIONS: There are no known contraindications to this drug in swine when used as directed. Do not use in animals showing hypersensitivity to flunixin meglumine. Use judiciously when renal impairment or gastric ulceration is suspected. RESIDUE WARNINGS: Must not be slaughtered for human consumption within 12 days of the last treatment. PRECAUTIONS: As a class, cyclo-oxygenase inhibitory NSAIDs may be associated with gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic toxicity. Sensitivity to drug-associated adverse events varies with the individual patient. Patients at greatest risk for adverse events are those that are dehydrated, on concomitant diuretic therapy, or those with existing renal, cardiovascular, and/or hepatic dysfunction. Concurrent administration of potentially nephrotoxic drugs should be carefully approached. NSAIDs may inhibit the prostaglandins that maintain normal homeostatic function. Such prostaglandin effects may result in clinically significant disease in patients with underlying or pre-existing disease that has not been previously diagnosed. Since many NSAIDs possess the potential to produce gastrointestinal ulceration, concomitant use of flunixin meglumine with other anti-inflammatory drugs, such as other NSAIDs and corticosteroids, should be avoided. Not for use in breeding swine. The reproductive effects of BANAMINE-S Injectable Solution have not been investigated 21

22 in this class of swine. Intramuscular injection may cause local tissue irritation and damage. In an injection site irritation study, the tissue damage did not resolve in all animals by Day 28 post-injection. This may result in trim loss of edible tissue at slaughter. SAFETY: Flunixin was mildly irritating at the injection sites. No other flunixin-related changes (adverse reactions) were noted in swine administered a 1X (2.2 mg/kg; 1.0 mg/lb) dose for 9 days. Minimal toxicity manifested itself as statistically significant increased spleen weight at elevated doses (5X or higher daily for 9 days) with no change in normal microscopic architecture. HOW SUPPLIED: 50 mg/ml, is available in 100-mL (NDC # ), multi-dose vial. Store between 2 and 30 C (36 and 86 F). 1. The trade name of this product is a. Flunixin c. Tylan b. Banamine d. Meglumine 2. This product is available by veterinary prescription only. 3. This product is designed to disease. a. Treat b. Prevent 4. Giving this product to a 3 rd parity sow would be considered a. An appropriate use of product b. An extra-label use of product 5. This product must be stored in the refrigerator. 6. If this product is given to a 250 pound barrow on June 1, when could it be sold? a. June 1, 12 hours after injection c. June 10 b. June 2 d. June This product is indicated for the control of a. Hypoxia c. Hypothermia b. Anemia d. Pyrexia 8. This product is acceptable to be administered to swine and cattle, but not sheep. 9. This product may be given a. SQ c. IM b. IV d. Only A and C 10. Per PQA guidelines, this product should be injected into the a. Neck c. Ham b. Loin d. Bacon area 11. How much of this product should be given to a 200 pound barrow? a. 2 ml c. 6 ml b. 4 ml d. Not appropriate for barrows 12. For a pig requiring 12 ml of this product, the number of injection sites used should be a. 1 c. 3 b. 2 d This product is also known as an OTC drug. a. True c. False 14. What is the withdrawal time for this product? a. 0 days c. 12 days b. 6 days d. 18 days 15. There are no known contraindications for this drug. 16. This product is known as an a. Anthelmintic c. Antibiotic b. Analgesic d. None of the above 17. If the withdrawal time is doubled, it can be administered to sows in the breeding herd. 18. How much of this product should be given to a 100 pound market lamb? a. 2 ml c. 6 ml 22

23 b. 4 ml d. Not appropriate for lambs 19. This product is acceptable to be given to healthy barrows that are experiencing difficulty walking. 20. How much of this product should be given to a 150 pound barrow? a. 1 ml c. 6 ml b. 3 ml d. Not appropriate for barrows less than 200 pounds 21. This product may cause tissue irritation and damage, resulting in trim loss. 22. After use of this product, the needle should be a. Discarded in the trash c. Discarded in the lagoon b. Disinfected with soap and used again d. Discarded in appropriate Sharps container 23. A veterinarian has the authority to prescribe this product for a 650 pound steer even though it would be an extra-label use. 24. After a pig is treated with this product, it should be identified in such a way as to ensure it remains on the farm through the withdrawal time. 25. Use of this product is directed by PQA guidelines, which ensure food safety and animal well-being Livestock Skillathon Quality Assurance Quiz Junior Division Individual Vision 8 with SPUR * Intervet/Merck Animal Health CLOSTRIDIUM CHAUVOEI-SEPTICUM-HAEMOLYTICUM-NOVYI-SORDELLII-PERFRINGENS TYPES C & D BACTERIN-TOXOID For use in healthy cattle and sheep as an aid in preventing disease caused by Clostridium chauvoei (Blackleg), septicum (Malignant edema), haemolyticum (Bacillary Hemoglobinuria/Red Water), novyi (Black disease), sordellii and perfringens Types C & D (Enterotoxemia). DOSE: Cattle 2mL, Sheep 2mL. Inject subcutaneously. Repeat in 3 to 4 weeks. In animals subject to reexposure to Cl. haemolyticum revaccinate every 5 to 6 months. Annual revaccination is recommended. Shake well before using. Store at 35 to 45 F (2 to 7 C). Use entire contents when first opened. Do not vaccinate within 21 days before slaughter. Anaphylactoid reactions may occur. ANTIDOTE: Epinephrine. Contains formaldehyde as preservative. *Adjuvant-Intervet s Proprietary Technology. FOR ANIMAL USE ONLY; Intervet Inc., Omaha, NE USA; U.S. Vet Lic. No. 165A Code Code Code 10 Doses 20 ml Doses 100 ml Doses 500 ml This product is for use in a. Beef cattle c. Swine e. Only A and B b. Sheep d. Goats 2. This product is designed to disease. a. Treat b. Prevent 3. This product is administered to the animal by a. Adding to feed c. Adding to drinking water b. Injection d. All of the above are appropriate 4. The withdrawal period for this product is a. 2 days c. 14 days e. There is no withdrawal b. 7 days d. 21 days 5. This product should not be given to sick animals. 23

24 6. The dosage for a 450 pound Charolais steer is a. 2 ml c. 10 ml b. 4 ml d. Not appropriate for Charolais steers 7. It is acceptable to use this product over 2 days as long as it is sealed and refrigerated between uses. 8. What is the largest bottle of this product that is available? a. 10 doses c. 100 doses e. 500 doses b. 50 doses d. 250 doses 9. Prior to opening the bottle, this product requires shaking to thoroughly mix the product before use. 10. Detailed health records, including the use of this product and the animal ID should be kept. 11. The product is effective against a. Blackleg c. Enterotoxemia b. Malignant edema d. All of the above 12. Use of this product requires a prescription from a veterinarian. 13. The dosage for a 150 pound Shropshire ewe is a. 2 ml c. 10 ml b. 4 ml d. Not appropriate for Shropshire ewes 14. When are boosters indicated for this product? a. Repeated in 1-2 weeks c. Annually b. Repeated in 3-4 weeks d. Only B and C 15. What is the most appropriate needle size for an injection of this product to a 750-lb replacement heifer? a. 14 gauge c. 18 gauge b. 16 gauge d. 20 gauge 16. Administering 4 cc of this product to a pregnant ewe a. Will provide double protection c. Is an extra label use b. Means that no booster is needed d. Will likely kill the ewe 17. The acceptable route of administration is a. SubQ c. IV b. IM d. All of the above 18. When is it acceptable to increase the dosage of this product? a. Never c. Sales rep can approve b. Veterinarian can approve d. The first use of product only 19. Marketing a 60-pound wether lamb 1 week post injection with this product is likely to result in a. Higher price per pound c. Higher weaning weight b. Drug residue in the meat d. None of the above 20. This product should be stored in a freezer until ready to use. 21. If anaphylactic shock occurs after injection of this product, treat with a. Testosterone c. Estrogen b. Progesterone d. None of the above 22. The dosage for a 65 pound Boer goat doe is a. 2 ml c. 10 ml b. 4 ml d. Not appropriate for Boer goat does 23. What is the most appropriate location for an injection of this product to a 3-year old Angus cow? a. Neck c. Loin b. Rump d. Any location is acceptable 24. The dosage for a 1050 pound Maintainer cow is a. 2 ml c. 10 ml b. 4 ml d. Not appropriate for Maintainer cows 25. Per label, this product should not be given with any other medications. 24

25 2016 Livestock Skillathon Quality Assurance Quiz Senior Division Individual MoorMan s ShowTec Developer TY/Paylean * Medicated: A Complete Feed for Finishing Pigs Being Fed for Exhibition Guaranteed Analysis Crude Protein, min % Phosphorus (P), min % Lysine, min % Salt (NaCl), min % Crude Fat, min % Salt (NaCl), max % Crude Fiber, max % Selenium (Se), min ppm Calcium (Ca), min % Zinc (Zn), min ppm Calcium (Ca), max % Biotin, min mg/lb Indications For increased rate of weight gain, improved feed efficiency and increased carcass leanness in finishing swine, weighing not less than 150 lb, fed a complete ration containing at least 16% crude protein for the last 45 to 90 lb of gain prior to slaughter; for control of porcine proliferative enteropathies (ileitis) associated with Lawsonia intracellularis; for control of swine dysentery associated with Brachyspira hyodysenteriae. Active Drug Ingredients Ractopamine hydrochloride... 9 grams/ton Tylosin grams/ton Feeding Directions: MoorMan s ShowTec Developer TY/Paylean is a complete feed specifically formulated for pigs fed for exhibition. Feed continuously as the sole ration for 21 days to finishing swine weighing not less than 150 lb for the last 45 to 90 lb (group average) of weight gain prior to slaughter. Pigs must be fed in an ad libitum (full feed) feeding program. CAUTION: Ractopamine may increase the number of injured and/or fatigued pigs during marketing. Not for use in breeding swine. Do not use in any finished feed containing in excess of 2% bentonite. WARNING: The active ingredient in Paylean, ractopamine hydrochloride, is a beta-adrenergic agonist. Individuals with cardiovascular disease should exercise special caution to avoid exposure. Not for use in humans. Keep out of the reach of children. Operators should wash thoroughly with soap and water after handling. If accidental eye contact occurs, immediately rinse eyes thoroughly with water. If irritation persists, seek medical attention. Features: Promotes increased primal and lean cut yields resulting in more meat less fat with no effect on pork quality; improved feed efficiency; increased rate of weight gain; no withdrawal. Ingredients: Ground Corn, Dehulled Soybean Meal, Meat and Bone Meal, Soybean Hulls, Lignin Sulfonate, Monocalcium Phosphate, Dicalcium Phosphate, Fish Meal, Calcium Carbonate, Salt, Blood Meal, Sodium Propionate (A Preservative), Dried Whey, Copper Sulfate, Natural and Artificial Flavors, Extracted Citric Acid Presscake, Wheat Dextrin, Yeast Culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), Diatomaceous Earth, L-Lysine, Choline Chloride, Zinc Amino Acid Complex, Manganese Amino Acid Complex, Zinc Oxide, Ferrous Sulfate, Defluorinated Phosphate, Vitamin E Supplement, Mineral Oil, Biotin, Manganese Sulfate, Zinc Sulfate, Niacin Supplement, Calcium Pantothenate, Magnesium Oxide, Vitamin A Supplement, Menadione Dimethylpyrimidinol Bisulfite, Riboflavin Supplement, Vitamin D3 Supplement, Vitamin B12 Supplement, Calcium Iodate, Sodium Selenite. LEVASOLE SOLUBLE PIG WORMER; Intervet/Schering-Plough Animal Health (levamisole hydrochloride); Anthelmintic; For Use in Drinking Water This bottle contains grams of levamisole hydrochloride activity which will treat the following: lb. pigs, or lb. pigs, or lb. pigs, or lb. pigs. RECOMMENDATIONS: Levasole (levamisole hydrochloride) is a broad-spectrum anthelmintic, and is effective against the following nematode infections in swine: Large Roundworms: (Ascaris suum); Nodular Worms: (Oesophagostomum spp.); Lungworms: (Metastrongylus spp.); and Intestinal Threadworms: (Strongyloides ransomi). WARNING: Keep out of reach of children. DIRECTIONS FOR PREPARING SOLUBLE PIG WORMER SOLUTION: When you are ready to deworm pigs, add water to the powder in this bottle up to the 500 ml mark. Agitate to mix thoroughly before using. If any solution is left over, it may be stored for up to 3 months in the tightly capped bottle; agitate well before using. DIRECTIONS FOR USE: Withholding water from pigs prior to treatment is not necessary for optimum anthelmintic efficacy and is not recommended during hot weather. Add 10 ml (2 teaspoonfuls) of the solution from the bottle to 1 gallon of water; mix thoroughly. Allow one gallon of medicated water for each 100 pounds of body weight of pigs to be 25

26 treated. No other source of water should be offered. As soon as pigs have consumed all of the medicated water resume the use of regular water. NOTE: Careful estimates of pig weights are essential for the proper performance of this product. Pigs maintained under conditions of constant worm exposure may require retreatment within 4-5 weeks after the first treatment due to reinfection. CAUTION: Consult veterinarian before administering levamisole to sick swine. Consult your veterinarian for assistance in the diagnosis, treatment and control of parasitism. Salivation or muzzle foam may be observed. The reaction is occasionally seen and will disappear in a short time after the medication. If pigs are infected with mature lungworms, coughing and vomiting may be observed soon after medicated water is consumed. The reaction is due to the expulsion of worms from the lungs and will be over in several hours. Follow the recommended dosage carefully to assure the removal of worms and avoid an overdose of levamisole. WARNING: Do not administer within 72 hours of slaughter for food. Your 225 barrow has been on the above feed (MoorMan s ShowTec Developer TY/Paylean *) for the past 14 days and was administered the above dewormer (LEVASOLE SOLUBLE PIG WORMER) yesterday (12 hours ago). Answer the below 25 questions using the above two labels. 1. Since both of these products are considered medication, they are available by veterinary prescription only. 2. The anthelmintic listed may be given a. In feed c. In water b. Intravenously d. Intramuscularly 3. What is the active ingredient in the ShowTec Developer feed? a. Tylosin c. Ractopamine b. Levamisole d. Only A and C 4. Since neither product carries a withdrawal period, your barrow is cleared to be harvested at any time. 5. The legal maximum Crude Protein level of the above medicated feed is 18%. 6. By using Levasole, under no conditions will retreatment will be needed. 7. How many gallons of Levasole mixed solution should be provided to your barrow? a. 1.5 gallons b. 2 gallons b gallons d gallons 8. If your target harvest weight for your barrow is 265 pounds, how long should the feed above be used? a. For 21 days from app pounds until harvest at 265 pounds b. Beginning at 150 pounds for as long as it takes to get to 265 pounds c. Beginning at 175 pounds for as long as it takes to get to 265 pounds d. From birth to harvest e. Not appropriate to be fed to barrows 9. Based on the two labels, it is a reasonable assumption that Banamine should not be used on this animal while using these two medicated products at the same time. a. True c. False 10. The two main ingredients in the ShowTec Developer feed are a. Tylosin and Paylean c. Ground corn and Meat and bone meal b. Ground Corn and Soybean Hulls d. Ground corn and Dehulled soybean meal 11. Levasole is designed to disease. a. Treat c. Prevent 12. By using the ShowTec Developer feed, at marketing, you should be aware of potential problems with your barrow, including a. Dead pigs c. Injured and/or fatigued pigs b. Lightweight pigs d. None of the above 13. Feeding the complete feed above to your pig from 100 pounds until reaching their target market weight is a. Acceptable use of feed b. Extra-label use of feed 14. Withholding water prior to treatment with Levasole is indicated except for extreme hot weather. 26

27 15. Both of the above products can be purchased OTC. 16. The minimum amount of Calcium by law that can actually be in the ShowTec Developer feed is a. 0.2% c. 0.9% b. 0.7% d. 1.2% 17. Which parasite if Levasole not recommended for the control of? a. Roundworms c. Threadworms b. Brownworms d. Lungworms 18. If your target breeding weight for your gilt is 305 pounds, how long should the feed above be used? a. For 21 days from app pounds until reaching 305 pounds b. Beginning at 225 pounds for as long as it takes to get to 305 pounds c. Beginning at 250 pounds for as long as it takes to get to 305 pounds d. From birth to breeding e. Not appropriate to be fed to breeding gilts 19. Levasole can be used on any swine, any age and any weight, regardless of health status with no limitation or concern. 20. Both products carry some human health risk, thus appropriate care should be taken with the storage and handling of the products. 21. Based on the two labels, it is a reasonable assumption there is no problem with using these two medicated products at the same time. 22. Which of the above two products will control swine dysentery? a. Anthelmintic b. Medicated feed 23. After being mixed with water, Levasole solution must be used immediately and any not used must be discarded. 24. ShowTec Developer feed may be fed to sheep. 25. Use of these products is directed by PQA guidelines, which ensure food safety and animal well-being Livestock Skillathon Quality Assurance Quiz Senior Division Individual Circumvent PCV G2 PORCINE CIRCOVIRUS VACCINE, TYPE 2 Killed Baculovirus Vector For use in healthy swine as an aid in the prevention of viremia, aid in the reduction of virus shedding and aid in the reduction of lymphoid infection caused by PCV2. Efficacy for at least 20 weeks following completion of vaccination has been demonstrated. ADMINISTRATION AND DOSAGE OPTIONS: Allow the vaccine to reach an ambient temperature of 6-27 C (60-80 F) and shake well prior to use. Use aseptic technique. OPTION 1: Vaccinate pigs intramuscularly at 3 weeks of age or older with a single 2 ml dose. OPTION 2: Vaccinate pigs intramuscularly as early as 3 days of age with a 1 ml dose followed by a second 1 ml dose 3 weeks later. CAUTIONS: Store refrigerated at 2-7 C (35-45 F). Do not freeze. Use entire contents when first opened; do not save partial contents. Burn the container and all unused product. Use only in healthy swine. Do not vaccinate within 21 days before slaughter. The vaccine may induce significant localized adverse reactions, particularly in pigs following booster vaccination. Localized reactions resolve 1-35 days following vaccination. If allergic reaction occurs, treat with epinephrine. Caution should be used to avoid injecting your own fingers, hands, or other body parts. Accidental injection can cause serious local reactions. Contact a physician immediately. PRESERVATIVES: Gentamicin and thimerosal. Code: : 100 ml Option 1 50 doses 2 ml Option doses 1 ml Code: : 500 ml Option doses 2 ml Option doses 1 ml FOR ANIMAL USE ONLY 27

28 Distributed by: Intervet/Merck Draxxin 25, (tulathromycin injection) Injectable Solution, Antibiotic 25 mg of tulathromycin/ml; For use in suckling calves, dairy calves, veal calves, and swine. Not for use in ruminating cattle. CAUTION: Federal (USA) law restricts this drug to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian. DESCRIPTION: DRAXXIN 25 Injectable Solution is a ready-to-use sterile parenteral preparation containing tulathromycin, a semisynthetic macrolide antibiotic of the subclass triamilide. Each ml of DRAXXIN 25 contains 25 mg of tulathromycin as the free base in a 50% propylene glycol vehicle, monothioglycerol (5 mg/ml), citric acid (4.8 mg/ml) with hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide added to adjust ph. DRAXXIN 25 consists of an equilibrated mixture of two isomeric forms of tulathromycin in a 9:1 ratio. INDICATIONS: Swine: DRAXXIN 25 Injectable Solution is indicated for the treatment of swine respiratory disease (SRD) associated with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Pasteurella multocida, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Haemophilus parasuis, and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae; and for the control of SRD associated with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Pasteurella multocida, and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in groups of pigs where SRD has been diagnosed. Suckling Calves, Dairy Calves, and Veal Calves BRD: DRAXXIN 25 Injectable Solution is indicated for the treatment of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) associated with Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Histophilus somni, and Mycoplasma bovis. DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION: Swine: Inject intramuscularly as a single dose in the neck at a dosage of 2.5 mg/kg (1 ml/22 lb) Body Weight (BW). Do not inject more than 4 ml per injection site. Calves: Inject subcutaneously as a single dose in the neck at a dosage of 2.5 mg/kg (1 ml/22 lb) body weight (BW). Do not inject more than 11.5 ml per injection site. CONTRAINDICATIONS: The use of DRAXXIN 25 Injectable Solution is contraindicated in animals previously found to be hypersensitive to the drug. WARNINGS FOR USE IN ANIMALS ONLY. NOT FOR HUMAN USE. KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN. NOT FOR USE IN CHICKENS OR TURKEYS. RESIDUE WARNINGS: Swine: Swine intended for human consumption must not be slaughtered within 5 days from the last treatment. Calves: Calves intended for human consumption must not be slaughtered within 22 days from the last treatment with DRAXXIN 25 Injectable Solution. This drug is not for use in ruminating cattle. PRECAUTIONS: Swine: The effects of Draxxin 25 Injectable Solution on porcine reproductive performance, pregnancy, and lactation have not been determined. Intramuscular injection can cause a transient local tissue reaction that may result in trim loss of edible tissue at slaughter. Cattle: The effects of Draxxin 25 Injectable Solution on bovine reproductive performance, pregnancy, and lactation have not been determined. Subcutaneous injection can cause a transient local tissue reaction that may result in trim loss of edible tissue at slaughter. ADVERSE REACTIONS: Swine: In one field study, one out of 40 pigs treated with DRAXXIN Injectable Solution (100 mg/ml) at 2.5 mg/kg BW exhibited mild salivation that resolved in less than four hours. 28

29 Calves: In one BRD field study, two calves treated with DRAXXIN Injectable Solution (100 mg/ml) at 2.5 mg/kg BW exhibited transient hypersalivation. One of these calves also exhibited transient dyspnea, which may have been related to pneumonia. STORAGE CONDITIONS: Store at or below 25 C (77 F). Use within 90 days of first vial puncture. Distributed by: Zoetis Inc. Kalamazoo, MI Draxxin is considered an a. Antibiotic c. Anti-inflammatory e. None of the above b. Anthelmintic d. Vaccine 2. Circumvent is considered an a. Antibiotic c. Anti-inflammatory e. None of the above b. Anthelmintic d. Vaccine 3. Both products are appropriate to be given to swine. 4. Both products are designed to prevent disease. 5. Both products can be purchased OTC. 6. Because Circumvent is a modified live vaccine, a transfer needle must be used to mix the liquid before use. 7. Proper record-keeping is important with the use of both of these products. 8. How many injection sites should be used for a 110 pound gilt given the Intervet product? a. 1 c. 3 e. Not appropriate for this animal b. 2 d Both products should be administered a. IV c. Intranasally e. In the feed b. SubQ d. IM 10. What is the dosage of the vaccine for a 3-week old pig? a. 1 ml c. 3 ml b. 2 ml d. 4 ml 11. Which of the active compound in the antibiotic? a. Flunixin Meglumine c. Tulathromycin b. Baculovirus d. None of the above 12. The withdrawal time for the antibiotic in swine is a. 0 days c. 21 days b. 5 days d. 22 days 13. The product that is indicated only for swine requires refrigerated storage. 14. What is the dosage of Draxxin for a 750 pound replacement heifer? a. 24 ml c. 34 ml e. Not appropriate for this animal b. 30 ml d. 40 ml 15. Both products should only be given in the a. Loin c. Rump b. Neck d. All of the above appropriate 16. When is it acceptable to increase the dosage of these products? a. Never c. Sales rep can approve b. On order of Veterinarian d. The first use of product only 17. Gentamicin is included in the antibiotic as a preservative. 18. A bottle of Draxxin must be used within days of first vial puncture. a. Same day c. 90 days b. 60 days d. 120 days 19. A bottle of Circumvent must be used within days of first vial puncture. a. Same day c. 90 days 29

30 b. 60 days d. 120 days 20. Which product must be stored in a refrigerator, but allowed to warm up before use? a. Circumvent b. Draxxin 21. The Zoetis product has been found to cause hypersalivation in young calves. 22. Marketing a pig one month after treatment with the vaccine is likely to result in a drug residue. 23. What is the required dose of the Intervet product if given to a 3-day old pig and when should the booster be given? a. 1 cc and 3 weeks later c. 2 cc and 3 weeks later e. None of the above b. 1 cc and 2 weeks later d. 2 cc and 2 weeks later 24. What is the dose of Draxxin for a 220 pound veal calf? a. 2 ml c. 6 ml e. 10 ml b. 4 ml d. 8 ml 25. Both of these products may be used on pigs that have been diagnosed with a disease Livestock Skillathon Quality Assurance Quiz Team Activity Use the below 2 product labels and the Animal Treatment Record Sheet to answer the 25 questions on the Team Scantron. Only one sheet should be completed per team. BANAMINE -S INJECTABLE SOLUTION - Intervet/Schering-Plough Animal Health (FLUNIXIN MEGLUMINE) 50 mg/ml Veterinary: For intramuscular use in swine. Not for use in breeding swine. Caution: Federal law restricts this drug to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian. Description: Each milliliter of BANAMINE-S Injectable Solution contains flunixin meglumine equivalent to 50 mg flunixin, 0.1 mg edetate disodium, 2.5 mg sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate, 4.0 mg diethanolamine, mg propylene glycol; 5.0 mg phenol as preservative, hydrochloric acid, water for injection q.s. Pharmacology: Flunixin meglumine is a potent, non-narcotic, non-steroidal, analgesic agent with anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activity. It is significantly more potent than pentazocine, meperidine, and codeine as an analgesic in the rat yeast paw test. Flunixin is known to persist in inflammatory tissues 1 and is associated with anti-inflammatory properties which extend well beyond the period associated with detectable plasma drug concentrations 2. Therefore, prediction of drug concentrations based upon estimated plasma terminal elimination half-life will likely underestimate both the duration of drug action and the concentration of drug remaining at the site of activity. The pharmacokinetic profiles were found to follow a 2-compartmental model, although a deep (third) compartment was observed in some animals. The mean terminal elimination half-life (β half-life) of flunixin after a single intramuscular injection of Banamine (2.2 mg/kg) to pigs was between 3 and 4 hours. The mean observed maximum plasma concentration was 2944 ng/ml, achieved at a mean time of approximately 0.4 hours. The mean AUC (0-LOQ) was 6431 ng*hr/ml. Following IM administration of flunixin, quantifiable drug concentration could be measured up to 18 hours post dose. The mean volume of distribution was 2003 ml/kg and the mean total clearance was 390 ml/hr/kg. The mean absolute bioavailability of flunixin following an intramuscular injection in the neck was 87%. Indication: BANAMINE-S Injectable Solution is indicated for the control of pyrexia associated with swine respiratory disease. Dose & Administration: The recommended dose for swine is 2.2 mg/kg (1 mg/lb; 2 ml per 100 lbs) body weight given by a single intramuscular administration. The injection should be given only in the neck musculature with a maximum of 10 ml per site. Note: Intramuscular injection may cause local tissue irritation and damage. In an injection-site irritation study, the tissue damage did not resolve in all animals by Day 28 post-injection. This may result in trim loss of edible tissue at slaughter. Contraindications: There are no known contraindications to this drug in swine when used as directed. Do not use in animals showing hypersensitivity to flunixin meglumine. Use judiciously when renal impairment or gastric ulceration is suspected. Residue Warnings: Swine must not be slaughtered for human consumption within 12 days of the last treatment. Precautions: As a class, cyclo-oxygenase inhibitory NSAIDs may be associated with gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic toxicity. Sensitivity to drug-associated adverse events varies with the individual patient. Patients at greatest risk for adverse events are those that are dehydrated, on concomitant diuretic therapy, or those with existing renal, cardiovascular, and/or hepatic dysfunction. Concurrent administration of potentially nephrotoxic drugs should be carefully approached. 30

31 NSAIDs may inhibit the prostaglandins that maintain normal homeostatic function. Such prostaglandin effects may result in clinically significant disease in patients with underlying or pre-existing disease that has not been previously diagnosed. Since many NSAIDs possess the potential to produce gastrointestinal ulceration, concomitant use of flunixin meglumine with other anti-inflammatory drugs, such as other NSAIDs and corticosteroids, should be avoided. Not for use in breeding swine. The reproductive effects of BANAMINE-S Injectable Solution have not been investigated in this class of swine. Intramuscular injection may cause local tissue irritation and damage. In an injection site irritation study, the tissue damage did not resolve in all animals by Day 28 post-injection. This may result in trim loss of edible tissue at slaughter. Safety: Flunixin was mildly irritating at the injection sites. No other flunixin-related changes (adverse reactions) were noted in swine administered a 1X (2.2 mg/kg; 1.0 mg/lb) dose for 9 days. Minimal toxicity manifested itself as statistically significant increased spleen weight at elevated doses (5X or higher daily for 9 days) with no change in normal microscopic architecture. How Supplied: BANAMINE-S Injectable Solution, 50 mg/ml, is available in 100-mL, multi-dose vial. Store between 2 and 30 C (36 and 86 F). MATRIX (altrenogest) Net Contents: 1000 ml Drug Facts: Active ingredients: Altrenogest solution 0.22% (2.2 mg/ml) Use: For synchronization of estrus in sexually mature gilts that have had at least one estrous cycle. Treatment with altrenogest solution 0.22% results in estrus (standing heat) 4 to 9 days after completion of the 14-day treatment period. Caution: Federal law prohibits extra-label use of this drug to enhance food and/or fiber production in animals. Do Not Use: In gilts having a previous or current history of uterine inflammation (i.e., acute, subacute or chronic endometritis). WARNINGS: User/Handler Safety: Keep this and all medication out of the reach of children. Avoid skin contact. Wear vinyl, polyethylene, neoprene, butyl or nitrile protective gloves when handling this product. Pregnant women or women who suspect they are pregnant should not handle MATRIX (altrenogest) Solution 0.22%. Women of childbearing age should exercise extreme caution when handling this product. Accidental absorption could lead to a disruption of the menstrual cycle or prolongation of pregnancy. Wash off accidental spillage on the skin immediately with soap and water. People who should not handle this product: 1. Women who are or suspect they are pregnant. 2. Anyone with thrombophlebitis or thromboembolic disorders or with a history of these events. 3. Anyone with cerebral-vascular or coronary-artery disease. 4. Women with known or suspected carcinoma of the breast. 5. People with known or suspected estrogen-dependent neoplasia. 6. Women with undiagnosed vaginal bleeding. 7. People with benign or malignant tumors which developed during the use of oral contraceptives or other estrogen containing products. 8. Anyone with liver dysfunction or disease. Accidental exposure: Altrenogest is readily absorbed from contact with the skin. In addition, this oil based product can penetrate porous gloves. Altrenogest should not penetrate intactvinyl, polyethylene, neoprene, butyl or nitrile protective gloves; however, if there is leakage (i.e., pinhole, spillage, etc.) the contaminated area covered by such occlusive materials may have increased absorption. The following measures are recommended in case of accidental exposure. Skin Exposure: Wash immediately with soap and water. Eye Exposure: Immediately flush with plenty of water for 15 minutes. Get medical attention. If Swallowed: Do not induce vomiting. MATRIX (altrenogest) Solution 0.22% contains an oil. Call a physician. Vomiting should be supervised by a physician because of possible pulmonary damage via aspiration of the oil base. If possible, bring the container and labeling to the physician. Effects of Overexposure: There has been no human use of this specific product. The information contained in this section is extrapolated from data available on other products of the same pharmacological class that have been used in humans. Effects anticipated are due to the progestational activity of altrenogest. Acute effects after a single exposure are possible; however, continued daily exposure has the potential for more untoward effects such as disruption of the menstrual cycle, uterine or abdominal cramping, increased or decreased uterine bleeding, prolongation of pregnancy and 31

32 headaches. The oil base may also cause complications if swallowed. In addition, the list of people who should not handle this product is based upon the known effects of progestins used in humans on a chronic basis. Human Food Safety: Gilts must not be slaughtered for human consumption for 21 days after the last treatment. Environmental Safety: Place empty drug containers and used syringes, protective gloves or other articles that come in contact with this product in a leak-resistant container for disposal in accordance with applicable Federal, state and local regulations. Adverse Reactions and Potential Safety Hazards: Underfeeding of MATRIX may lead to the occurrence of cystic follicles. When Using This Product: A small percentage (less than 5%) of treated gilts may exhibit estrus (standing heat) during the 14-day treatment period. Gilts nearing estrus at the start of the 14-day treatment period may express estrus early in that period. Dosage and Directions: While wearing protective gloves, remove shipping cap and seal; replace with enclosed plastic dispensing cap. Remove cover from bottle dispensing tip and connect luer lock syringe (without needle). Draw out appropriate volume of MATRIX solution. (Note: Do not remove syringe while bottle is inverted as spillage may result.) Detach syringe and replace cover on bottle dispensing tip to prevent leakage. Administer 6.8 ml (15 mg altrenogest) per gilt once daily for 14 consecutive days. Treat gilts on an individual animal basis by top-dressing MATRIX on a portion of each gilt's daily feed allowance. To produce the desired synchronization of estrus in a group of gilts, treat all of the gilts daily for the same 14-day period. Excessive use of a syringe may cause the syringe to stick; therefore, replace syringe as necessary. Other Information: Storage: Store at or below room temperature, 77ºF (25ºC). Close tightly. Manufactured by: DPT Laboratories, Inc., San Antonio, TX Distributed by: Intervet/Schering-Plough Animal Health, Millsboro, DE Animal Treatment Record Sheet Date: 9/17/16 # Species Animal ID Gender Weight Product Route Dosage 32 Withdrawal Time Given By 1 Swine 4-2 Gilt 300 lbs Matrix Feed 6.8 ml 21 days TLM 2 Swine 5-8 Barrow 200 lbs Banamine IM 4 ml 12 days TLM 3 Swine 4-2 Gilt 300 lbs Banamine IM 8 ml 12 days TLM 4 Swine 6-3 Gilt 250 lbs Banamine IM 5 ml 12 days TLM 5 Swine 1-2 Barrow 275 lbs Matrix Feed 6.8 ml 21 days TLM 1. What species are these two products designed for? a. Goat c. Swine b. Sheep d. Beef Cattle 2. What would be the correct dosage of the NSAID for a 200 pound barrow? a. 1 ml c. 3 ml e. Not appropriate for barrows b. 2 ml d. 4 ml 3. When is it acceptable to market the 5-8 barrow? a. September 17 c. September 25 e. October 8 b. September 18 d. September Which of the treatments is an extra-label use of the listed substance? a. Treatment 1 c. Treatment 5 e. B and C b. Treatment 3 d. None of the above 5. It costs less money to treat disease than it does to prevent disease. 6. The estrus synchronization substance can be given to barrows to help them grow faster and appear with better conformation. 7. A barrow that is marketed 10 days after being given the analgesic is likely to

33 a. Be worth more money c. All of the above b. Have a drug residue d. None of the above 8. How many Good Production Practices are there in the Youth PQA Plus program? a. 8 c. 10 e. None of the above b. 9 d What would be the correct dosage of Matrix for a 350 pound gilt? a. 3.8 ml c. 15 ml e. Not appropriate for gilts b. 6.8 ml d. 22 ml 10. What would be the correct dosage of Matrix for a 150 pound ewe? a. 3.8 ml c. 15 ml e. Not appropriate for ewes b. 6.8 ml d. 22 ml 11. It would have been acceptable for Treatment 4 to have been given SubQ. 12. What is the withdrawal time for flunixin? a. 12 days c. 28 days b. 21 days d. None of the above 13. What is the most appropriate location for Treatment 2? a. Neck region c. Loin region b. Loin d. Feed 14. Both of these products are considered OTC products. 15. It is acceptable to freeze the NSAID for proper long-term storage? 16. Standing heat typically occurs after the conclusion of 14-day treatment of Matrix. a. Immediately c. 4-9 days b. 2-4 days d. 1 month 17. When is it acceptable to market the 4-2 gilt? a. September 17 c. September 25 e. October 8 b. September 18 d. September Body condition scoring is useful to assess the adequacy of the a. Vaccination program c. Genetic program b. Reproductive program d. Nutritional program 19. The active ingredient in the synchronization product is a. Rotavirus c. Clostridium b. Enterotoxemia d. Altrenogest 20. A veterinarian could prescribe flunixin for use in sheep. 21. Which of the treatments had too much of the substance given? a. Treatment 1 c. Treatment 3 e. Treatment 5 b. Treatment 2 d. Treatment Where should the estrus synchronization product be administered? a. Neck c. Water b. Under the skin d. Feed 23. Which of the following is a way that disease pathogens can spread? a. Pets c. New animals e. All of the above b. Vehicles d. Humans 24. Which gauge needle is most appropriate for Treatment 5? a. 14 c. 20 b. 16 d. None of the above 25. The dosage is the amount of medication to be given over a week s time. 33

34 2015 Livestock Skillathon Team Quality Assurance Quiz Zilmax Active Drug Ingredient: Zilpaterol hydrochloride g/lb (48 g/kg); Inert Ingredients: Ground corncobs, surfactant and binder; Important: Must be thoroughly mixed into feeds before use. Follow label directions. Indication: For increased rate of weight gain, improved feed efficiency, and increased carcass leanness in cattle fed in confinement for slaughter during the last 20 to 40 days on feed. MIXING DIRECTIONS (COMPLETE FEED): Dilute Zilmax Type A medicated article in a suitable carrier before addition to the final feed. A dilution of 1 part Zilmax Type A medicated article and 9 parts carrier (0.68 g zilpaterol/lb) is the suggested working preblend. Thoroughly mix the working pre-blend with feed to ensure complete and uniform distribution of the Zilmax Type A medicated article. Zilmax Type A medicated article and working pre-blend addition rates for complete feeds of varying dry matter are in the following table. Type B medicated feed may also be used after diluting Zilmax Type A medicated article before addition to the final feed. Thoroughly mix Zilmax Type A medicated article into appropriate feed ingredients to make a ton of Type B medicated feed (or Type B medicated liquid feed) according to the table below to obtain the proper concentration in Type C medicated complete feed (6.8 g/ton). MIXING DIRECTIONS (COMPONENT FEED): Thoroughly mix Zilmax Type A medicated article into appropriate feed ingredients to make one ton of Type B medicated feed (see above). To obtain the proper concentration of zilpaterol in Type C medicated feed (from a range of 6.8 to 24 g/ton), the following table gives examples of how some Type C medicated component feed concentrations can be prepared from Type B medicated feed. 34

35 MIXING DIRECTIONS FOR ALL TYPE B MEDICATED LIQUID FEED USED TO PREPARE TYPE C MEDICATED FEEDS (COMPLETE AND COMPONENT): Type B medicated liquid feed should be in a ph range of 3.8 to 7.5 Type B medicated liquid feed should be recirculated or agitated daily and prior to use for 10 to 20 minutes Type B medicated liquid feed can be manufactured containing 68 to 680 g zilpaterol hydrochloride/ton Type B medicated liquid feed must be thoroughly mixed with other feed ingredients to make a Type C medicated feed before feeding. For Type B medicated liquid feed stored in recirculating tank systems: Recirculate immediately prior to use for not less than 10 minutes, moving not less than 1 percent of the tank contents per minute from the bottom of the tank to the top. Recirculate daily as described even when not used. For liquid feeds stored in mechanical, air, or other agitation-type tank systems: Agitate immediately prior to use for not less than 10 minutes, creating turbulence at the bottom of the tank that is visible at the top. Agitate daily as described even when not used. MIXING DIRECTIONS (COMPLETE FEED FROM TYPE B MEDICATED LIQUID FEED): Directions to prepare a Type B medicated liquid feed are identical to directions for dry Type B medicated feed See MIXING DIRECTIONS (COMPLETE FEED) for dry Type B medicated feed. MIXING DIRECTIONS (COMPONENT FEED FROM TYPE B MEDICATED LIQUID FEED): Follow directions provided above to prepare the Type B medicated liquid feed. Examples of Type B medicated liquid feed addition rates to component feed are shown in the following table. FEEDING DIRECTIONS (COMPLETE FEED): Feed continuously to cattle during the last 20 to 40 days on feed as the sole ration, containing 6.8 g/ton zilpaterol (7.5 ppm on a 90% dry matter basis), to provide 60 to 90 mg zilpaterol hydrochloride per head per day. The amount of zilpaterol hydrochloride consumed daily by cattle will depend on the consumption rate of the Type C medicated f eed. Zilpaterol hydrochloride consumption will range between 60 and 90 mg per head per day based on the Type C medicated f eed consumption rates in the table below. 35

36 FEEDING DIRECTIONS (COMPONENT FEED): Feed continuously to cattle during the last 20 to 40 days on feed, in a feed containing no less than 6.8 g/ton and no more than 24 g/ton zilpaterol (90% dry matter basis), to provide 60 mg zilpaterol hydrochloride per head per day. WITHDRAWAL PERIOD: 3 days CAUTION: Not for use in animals intended for breeding. Do not allow horses or other equines access to feed containing zilpaterol. Do not use in veal calves. Not to be fed to cattle in excess of 90 mg/head/day in complete feed. If pen consumption of complete feed exceeds 26.5 lb/head/day (90 percent dry matter basis), zilpaterol should not be fed in complete feed. YOU MAY NOTICE: Animals receiving zilpaterol hydrochloride may exhibit increased respiratory rate as well as elevated levels of creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and creatinine. WARNING: The active ingredient in Zilmax is zilpaterol hydrochloride, a beta2-adrenergic agonist. Not for use in humans. An anti-dust process has been applied to the drug product, Zilmax, in order to greatly reduce inhalation risk. Extended handling tasks with the potential for dust generation require respiratory protection. Wear appropriate skin protection (e.g., impervious gloves, apron, overalls) if there is a potential for extended skin contact. Wear protective eye wear, if there is a potential for eye contact. If accidental eye contact occurs, immediately rinse with water and consult a physician. Distributed by: Intervet Inc. (d/b/a Merck Animal Health) Summit, NJ Banamine Intervet/Merck Animal Health (FLUNIXIN MEGLUMINE) Injectable Solution 50 mg/ml Only for Intravenous Use in Beef and Dairy Cattle. Not for Use in Dry Dairy Cows and Veal Calves. For Intravenous and Intramuscular Use in Horses. CAUTION Federal law restricts this drug to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian. DESCRIPTION Each milliliter of BANAMINE Injectable Solution contains flunixin meglumine equivalent to 50 mg flunixin, 0.1 mg edetate disodium, 2.5 mg sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate, 4.0 mg diethanolamine, mg propylene glycol; 5.0 mg phenol as preservative, hydrochloric acid, water for injection qs. PHARMACOLOGY Flunixin meglumine is a potent, non-narcotic, nonsteroidal, analgesic agent with anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activity. It is significantly more potent than pentazocine, meperidine, and codeine as an analgesic in the rat yeast paw test. Horse: Flunixin is four times as potent on a mg-per-mg basis as phenylbutazone as measured by the reduction in lameness and swelling in the horse. Plasma half-life in horse serum is 1.6 hours following a single dose of 1.1 mg/kg. Measurable amounts are detectable in horse plasma at 8 hours postinjection. Cattle: Flunixin meglumine is a weak acid (pka=5.82) 1 which exhibits a high degree of plasma protein binding (approximately 99%). 2 However, free (unbound) drug appears to readily partition into body tissues (V SS predictions range from 297 to 782 ml/kg. 2-5 Total body water is approximately equal to 570 ml/kg). 6 In cattle, elimination occurs primarily through biliary excretion. 7 This may, at least in part, explain the presence of multiple peaks in the blood concentration/time profile following IV administration. 2 In healthy cattle, total body clearance has been reported to range from 90 to 151 ml/kg/hr. 2-5 These studies also report a large discrepancy between the volume of distribution at steady state (V SS ) and the volume of distribution associated with the terminal elimination phase (V β ). This discrepancy appears to be attributable to extended drug elimination from a deep compartment. 8 The terminal half-life has been shown to vary from 3.14 to 8.12 hours. 2-5 Flunixin persists in inflammatory tissues 9 and is associated with anti-inflammatory properties which extend well beyond the period associated with detectable plasma drug concentrations. 4,9 These observations account for the counterclockwise hysteresis associated with flunixin s pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationships. 10 Therefore, prediction of drug concentrations based upon the estimated plasma terminal elimination half-life will likely underestimate both the duration of drug action and the concentration of drug remaining at the site of activity. 36

37 INDICATIONS Horse: BANAMINE Injectable Solution is recommended for the alleviation of inflammation and pain associated with musculoskeletal disorders in the horse. It is also recommended for the alleviation of visceral pain associated with colic in the horse. Cattle: BANAMINE Injectable Solution is indicated for the control of pyrexia associated with bovine respiratory disease, endotoxemia and acute bovine mastitis. BANAMINE Injectable Solution is also indicated for the control of inflammation in endotoxemia. DOSE AND ADMINISTRATION Horse: The recommended dose for musculoskeletal disorders is 0.5 mg per pound (1 ml/100 lbs) of body weight once daily. Treatment may be given by intravenous or intramuscular injection and repeated for up to 5 days. Studies show onset of activity is within 2 hours. Peak response occurs between 12 and 16 hours and duration of activity is hours. The recommended dose for the alleviation of pain associated with equine colic is 0.5 mg per pound of body weight. Intravenous administration is recommended for prompt relief. Clinical studies show pain is alleviated in less than 15 minutes in many cases. Treatment may be repeated when signs of colic recur. During clinical studies approximately 10% of the horses required one or two additional treatments. The cause of colic should be determined and treated with concomitant therapy. Cattle: The recommended dose for control of pyrexia associated with bovine respiratory disease and endotoxemia and control of inflammation in endotoxemia, is 1.1 to 2.2 mg/kg (0.5 to 1 mg/lb; 1 to 2 ml per 100 lbs) of body weight given by slow intravenous administration either once a day as a single dose or divided into two doses administered at 12-hour intervals for up to 3 days. The total daily dose should not exceed 2.2 mg/kg (1.0 mg/lb) of body weight. Avoid rapid intravenous administration of the drug. The recommended dose for acute bovine mastitis is 2.2 mg/kg (1 mg/lb; 2 ml per 100 lbs) of body weight given once by intravenous administration. CONTRAINDICATIONS Horse: There are no known contraindications to this drug when used as directed. Intra-arterial injection should be avoided. Horses inadvertently injected intra-arterially can show adverse reactions. Signs can be ataxia, incoordination, hyperventilation, hysteria, and muscle weakness. Signs are transient and disappear without antidotal medication within a few minutes. Do not use in horses showing hypersensitivity to flunixin meglumine. Cattle: NSAIDs inhibit production of prostaglandins which are important in signaling the initiation of parturition. The use of flunixin can delay parturition and prolong labor which may increase the risk of stillbirth. Do not use BANAMINE Injectable Solution within 48 hours of expected parturition. Do not use in animals showing hypersensitivity to flunixin meglumine. Use judiciously when renal impairment or gastric ulceration are suspected. RESIDUE WARNINGS: Cattle must not be slaughtered for human consumption within 4 days of the last treatment. Milk that has been taken during treatment and for 36 hours after the last treatment must not be used for food. Not for use in dry dairy cows. A withdrawal period has not been established for this product in preruminating calves. Do not use in calves to be processed for veal. Not for use in horses intended for food. Approved only for intravenous administration in cattle. Intramuscular administration has resulted in violative residues in the edible tissues of cattle sent to slaughter. PRECAUTIONS As a class, cyclo-oxygenase inhibitory NSAIDs may be associated with gastrointestinal and renal toxicity. Sensitivity to drug-associated adverse effects varies with the individual patient. Patients at greatest risk for renal toxicity are those that are dehydrated, on concomitant diuretic therapy, or those with renal, cardiovascular, and/or hepatic dysfunction. Since many NSAIDs possess the potential to induce gastrointestinal ulceration, concomitant use of BANAMINE Injectable Solution with other anti-inflammatory drugs, such as other NSAIDs and corticosteroids, should be avoided or closely monitored. Horse: The effect of BANAMINE Injectable Solution on pregnancy has not been determined. Studies to determine activity of BANAMINE Injectable Solution when administered concomitantly with other drugs have not been conducted. Drug compatibility should be monitored closely in patients requiring adjunctive therapy. 37

38 Cattle: Do not use in bulls intended for breeding, as reproductive effects of Banamine Injectable Solution in these classes of cattle have not been investigated. NSAIDs are known to have potential effects on both parturition (See Contraindications) and the estrous cycle. There may be a delay in the onset of estrus if flunixin is administered during the prostaglandin phase of the estrous cycle. NSAIDs are known to have the potential to delay parturition through a tocolytic effect. The use of NSAIDs in the immediate post-partum period may interfere with uterine involution and expulsion of fetal membranes. Cows should be monitored carefully for placental retention and metritis if Banamine Injectable Solution is used within 24 hours after parturition. SAFETY Horse: A 3-fold intramuscular dose of 1.5 mg/lb of body weight daily for 10 consecutive days was safe. No changes were observed in hematology, serum chemistry, or urinalysis values. Intravenous dosages of 0.5 mg/lb daily for 15 days; 1.5 mg/lb daily for 10 days; and 2.5 mg/lb daily for 5 days produced no changes in blood or urine parameters. No injection site irritation was observed following intramuscular injection of the 0.5 mg/lb recommended dose. Some irritation was observed following a 3-fold dose administered intramuscularly. Cattle: No flunixin-related changes (adverse reactions) were noted in cattle administered a 1X (2.2 mg/kg; 1.0 mg/lb) dose for 9 days (three times the maximum clinical duration). Minimal toxicity manifested itself at moderately elevated doses (3X and 5X) when flunixin was administered daily for 9 days, with occasional findings of blood in the feces and/or urine. Discontinue use if hematuria or fecal blood are observed. ADVERSE REACTIONS In horses, isolated reports of local reactions following intramuscular injection, particularly in the neck, have been received. These include localized swelling, sweating, induration, and stiffness. In rare instances in horses, fatal or nonfatal clostridial infections or other infections have been reported in association with intramuscular use of BANAMINE Injectable Solution. In horses and cattle, rare instances of anaphylactic-like reactions, some of which have been fatal, have been reported, primarily following intravenous use. HOW SUPPLIED BANAMINE Injectable Solution, 50 mg/ml, is available in 100-mL (NDC ), and 250- ml (NDC ) multi-dose vials. Store between 2 and 30 C (36 and 86 F). 1. These two products cannot be used together in beef cattle. 2. The product that is a feed additive may be used in a. Beef cattle c. Swine e. None of the Above b. Sheep d. Only A and C 3. The injectable is considered an a. Antibiotic c. Analgesic b. Anthelmintic d. None of the above 4. Administration of the injectable to cattle should be done via a. IM c. SubQ b. IV d. Intranasally 5. Banamine is available OTC. 6. The active ingredient of the NSAID is a. Flunixin c. Ractopamine b. Zilpaterol d. None of the above 7. Zilmax should be fed for the last days on feed. a c b d The withdrawal time for milk for Banamine in dairy cattle is a. 36 hours c. 72 hours b. 48 hours d. No appropriate for lactating dairy cattle 9. The active ingredient of the feed additive product is a. Flunixin c. Ractopamine b. Zilpaterol d. None of the above 38

39 10. What route of administration of injection for the NSAID has resulted in violative residues in cattle? a. IV c. SubQ b. IM d. Intranasally 11. Which product is acceptable to be given anytime to breeding and gestating cattle? a. Zilmax c. None of the above b. Banamine 12. Which product is considered a beta2-adrenergic agonist? a. Zilmax c. None of the above b. Banamine 13. Banamine is indicated to control in beef cattle. a. Ovarian cysts c. Musculoskeletal disorders b. Colic d. Pyrexia 14. Which is an acceptable amount of Zilmax in a component feed? a. 4 grams/ton c. 36 grams/ton b. 15 grams/ton d. 48 grams/ton 15. The ph of a Type B medicated liquid feed containing Zilmax should be , which on average is more. a. Acidic b. Basic 16. Which product can cause an increase in levels of CPK in animals? a. Zilmax c. None of the above b. Banamine 17. Which product should be handled with care due to potential human health issues from contact? a. Zilmax c. None of the above b. Banamine 18. What is the dose for a 1000 pound Holstein cow for acute mastitis? a. 10 ml c. 30 ml b. 20 ml d. None of the above 19. Which of these products has recently come under public pressure about its use in beef cattle, which has led to some companies choosing not to use the product? a. Zilmax c. None of the above b. Banamine 20. Which product on rare instances has been known to be fatal to cattle due to anaphylactic reactions? a. Zilmax c. None of the above b. Banamine 21. Banamine is appropriate for all classes of beef and dairy cattle. 22. The anti-inflammatory product must be stored in a refrigerator. 23. The injectable is meant to be used to disease. a. Prevent b. Treat 24. Proper record keeping is important with the use of both of these products to prevent violative residues. 25. A complete feed with Zilmax should contain grams/ton of zilpaterol. a. 3.4 c. 7.5 b. 6.8 d QUIZ 2016 Livestock Skillathon Industry Quiz Junior Division 1. A feedstuff high in fiber is classified as a a. Grain c. Concentrate b. Meal d. Roughage 2. With no record of a birth date, how can you tell the relative age of most animals? a. By examining the teeth c. By the length of tail b. By examining the feet d. By the weight 39

40 3. The two breeds that make up the Santa Gertrudis breed are a. Angus and Hereford c. Brahman and Hereford b. Brahman and Shorthorn d. Angus and Braford 4. A polled heifer was a. Dehorned after birth c. Born without horns b. Used in a research project d. None of the above 5. What is the breed of sheep whose name is also a name of a swine breed? a. Hereford c. Tunis b. Hampshire d. Suffolk 6. The compartment in a doe s stomach that is the fermentation vat is the a. Rumen c. Omasum b. Reticulum d. Abomasum 7. What is the predominant feedstuff in a typical feedlot ration? a. Soybean meal c. Wheat midds b. Corn d. Corn gluten feed 8. The Boer goat breed is considered a a. Dairy breed c. Dual purpose breed b. Meat breed d. Fiber breed 9. Which of the following is generally considered the tallest breed of beef cattle? a. Charolais c. Chianina b. Brahman d. Simmental 10. Injections made under the skin are called a. SQ c. IM b. IV d. IN 11. What is the gestation period for a ewe? a. 114 days c. 278 days b. 150 days d. 325 days 12. A female bovine who has had 4 calves is known as a a. Cow c. Ewe b. Heifer d. Doe 13. A drug that can be purchased at a livestock supply store is considered a. Prescription c. Illegal b. Over the counter d. None of the above 14. What is the term for removal of the tail of sheep? a. Castrating c. Docking b. Detailing d. Deworming 15. Parturition in swine is called a. Lambing c. Calving b. Kidding d. Farrowing 16. What is the term for intramuscular fat? a. Seam fat c. Muscle fat b. Tallow d. Marbling 17. What does PSS stand for as it relates to swine? a. Pork Stress Syndrome c. Porcine Stress Syndrome b. Porcine Stress Symptoms d. Pork Stress Symptoms 18. A castrated male goat is known as a a. Steer c. Barrow b. Buck d. Wether 19. On the 1-9 Body Condition Scoring System, a 9 is considered a. Thin c. Ideal b. Adequate d. Obese 20. The breed of swine known for having the best pork quality is a. Berkshire c. Hampshire b. Yorkshire d. Duroc 40

41 21. Which of the following animals is known as a monogastric? a. Bull c. Ewe b. Sow d. Buck 22. As used in genetic selection programs, EPD stands for a. Expected Progeny Differences c. Estimated Progeny Differences b. Expected Performance Differences d. Estimated Performance Differences 23. Which of the following is used to describe when the lower jaw is too short? a. Parrot mouth c. Short mouth b. Monkey mouth d. Either A or C 24. What is the term for when a kid/calf/lamb/pig is taken away from its mother? a. Feeding c. Castrating b. Docking d. Weaning 25. Iron injections are routinely given to baby pigs to prevent a. Anemia c. Septocemia b. Enteronemia d. Edema 2015 Livestock Skillathon Industry Quiz Junior Division 1. A drug that can be purchased at a livestock supply store is considered a. Prescription c. Illegal b. Over the counter d. None of the above 2. What is the predominant feedstuff in a typical beef feedlot ration? a. Soybean meal c. Wheat midds b. Corn gluten feed d. Corn 3. PSE as it relates to pork carcasses stands for a. Pale Stale Exudative c. Pork Soft Exudative b. Pale Soft Exudative d. Pork Stale Exudative 4. With no record of a birth date, how can you tell the relative age of most animals? a. By examining the teeth c. By the length of the tail b. By examining the feet d. By the weight 5. Parturition in goats is called a. Lambing c. Calving b. Kidding d. Farrowing 6. The compartment in a doe s stomach that is the most like a stomach of a pig is the a. Rumen c. Omasum b. Reticulum d. Abomasum 7. For Sheep, which Quality Grade would be generally considered one grade worse than Choice? a. Prime c. Good b. Select d. Utility 8. On the 1-9 Body Condition Scoring System, a 9 is considered a. Thin c. Ideal b. Adequate d. Obese 9. A feedstuff high in fiber is classified as a a. Grain c. Concentrate b. Meal d. Roughage 10. A polled heifer was a. Dehorned after birth c. Born without horns b. Used in a research project d. None of the above 11. Sheep and beef cattle are known as ruminants and carnivores. a. True b. False 12. Based on the below Birth Weight EPD s, which Angus bull should be expected to produce the largest calves at birth? a. 0.1 c. 2.1 b. 1.1 d What is the term for sheep meat harvested from an animal less than one year of age? 41

42 a. Mature lamb c. Lamb b. Chevon d. Mutton 14. What breed of sheep is best known for out of season breeding? a. Dorset c. Montadale b. Southdown d. None of the above 15. Which is a main product of a beef seedstock operation? a. Beef carcasses c. Show steers b. Feeder cattle d. Breeding bulls 16. The most terminal swine breed below is. a. Yorkshire c. Landrace b. Duroc d. None of the above are considered terminal 17. Injections made directly in the vein are called a. SQ c. IM b. IV d. IN 18. The majority of hogs sold each year in the United States are. a. Purebreds c. Crossbreds b. Linebreds d. Free range 19. The first official beef breed established in the US is a. Santa Gertrudis c. Brangus b. Santa Cruz d. Brahman 20. The presence of a break joint on a sheep carcass signifies a. Mutton carcass c. Lamb carcass b. Break carcass d. None of the above 21. What is the notch for the below pig? a c b d The term for the natural waviness of wool is a. Kemp c. Scoured wool b. Staple length d. Crimp 23. What two breeds make up the composite beef breed known as Balancer? a. Angus and Simmental c. Angus and Limousin b. Angus and Gelbvieh d. Gelbvieh and Limousin 24. Which feedstuff below typically has the most protein? a. Cracked corn c. Soybean meal b. Soybean hulls d. Wheat midds 25. What is the gestation period for a sow? a. 114 days c. 278 days b. 150 days d. 325 days 2016 Livestock Skillathon Industry Quiz Senior Division 1. Weaned, growing and finishing type hogs are fed special formulated diets for each specific growth period. These diets are known as diets. a. Phase c. Micro-nutrient b. Least Cost d. Focused 2. The beef breed known for heat tolerance is a. Angus c. Brahman b. Simmental d. Chianina 3. Fats provide how many more times of energy than that of carbohydrates? a. 1.5 c b d

43 4. Per BQA and PQA guidelines, the recommended site of injection is the a. Loin c. Shoulder b. Rump d. Neck 5. CIDR s are commonly used in estrous synchronization programs. They continually release what hormone? a. Estrogen c. Testosterone b. Prostaglandin d. Progesterone 6. White muscle disease in lambs is a deficiency of a. Iron c. Copper b. Selenium d. Zinc 7. Parturition in goats is known as a. Lambing c. Farrowing b. Calving d. Kidding 8. A female born twin to a bull is called a. Heiferette c. Freemartin b. Freewillie d. Sterile heifer 9. The predominant protein source in typical swine finishing diets is a. Soybean meal c. Corn b. Cottonseed meal d. Corn gluten feed 10. What mineral is known to kill sheep at levels commonly fed to beef cattle? a. Copper c. Selenium b. Iron d. Zinc 11. Which of the following is known to increase mating behavior in sheep? a. Longer nights and shorter days c. Shorter nights and longer days b. Higher temperatures d. Decreased nutrition 12. What are the three best quality grades for sheep? a. Prime, Choice, Select c. Prime, Select, Standard b. Prime, Select, Good d. Prime, Choice, Good 13. What two breeds make up the composite breed Durham Red? a. Red Angus and Red Poll c. Shorthorn and Red Angus b. Shorthorn and Gelbvieh d. Simmental and Shorthorn 14. Volatile fatty acids are a main product of ruminal fermentation that are used for energy by the animal. Which of the following is one of main three volatile fatty acids? a. Acetate c. Propionate e. Only A and C b. Butyrate d. All of the above 15. Cottonseed meal, linseed meal and soybean meal are all considered a. Protein supplements c. Mineral supplements b. Energy supplements d. None of the above 16. The first milk produced by the dam after she gives birth, which is extremely important to the future health of the young is called a. Colostrum c. Whole milk b. First milk d. Milkstrum 17. The waviness of wool fibers is known as a. Kemp c. Clip b. Kink d. Crimp 18. Bovine spongiform encephalopathy is commonly referred to as a. Scrapie c. Mad ewe disease b. Mad cow disease d. Beef encephs 19. What is the probability of horned offspring from a heterozygously polled sire and dam? a. 1 out of 4 c. 3 out of 4 b. 2 out of 4 d. 4 out of Humans can contract soremouth from sheep. What is this disease known as in humans? a. Soremouth c. Cold sores b. Orf d. Hepatitis 21. What does PSE stand for as it relates to pork carcasses? 43

44 a. Pale, Stale, Exudative c. Pork, Soft, Exudative b. Pale, Soft, Exudative d. Pork, Stale, Exudative 22. For ruminants, urea is a good source of a. Protein c. Energy b. Non-protein nitrogen d. Minerals 23. What is the gestation period for a sow? a. 114 days c. 278 days b. 150 days d. 325 days 24. The fiber produced by an Angora goat is called a. Wool c. Mohair b. Hair d. Silk 25. HSUS is a group opposed to many traditional animal agricultural practices. What do the letters HSUS as it relates to this group stand for? a. Humane Social UnionS c. Humane Society of the United States b. Handling Safety UnionS d. Humane States of the United States 2015 Livestock Skillathon Industry Quiz Senior Division 1. Which index is the best indicator of growth and carcass traits of a boar s offspring? a. MLI c. MLI b. TSI d. WDA 2. Which weight below is typically adjusted to 205-days of age in beef cattle? a. Birth weight c. Yearling weight b. Weaning weight d. None of the above 3. What is the probability of horned offspring from a heterozygously polled sire and dam? a. 25% c. 75% b. 50% d. 100% 4. Fermentation in the rumen of a goat synthesizes as the main source of energy. a. Energetic fatty acids c. Imperative fatty acids b. Essential fatty acids d. Volatile fatty acids 5. What two breeds make up the composite breed Durham Red? a. Red Angus and Red Poll c. Shorthorn and Red Angus b. Shorthorn and Gelbvieh d. Simmental and Shorthorn 6. A Famancha card is typically used in goats to determine the need for an a. Anthelmintic c. Antibiotic b. Analgesic d. None of the above 7. White muscle disease in lambs is a deficiency of a. Iron c. Copper b. Selenium d. Zinc 8. Before turning bulls out, they need to be checked by a veterinarian. Which of the following is not a consideration of a Breeding Soundness Exam? a. Eyes c. EPD b. Semen quality d. Feet and leg structure 9. Gossypol is a toxic compound found in which of the below common livestock feedstuffs? a. Soybean Meal c. Wheat Midds b. Cottonseed Meal d. Distillers Grains 10. Which will increase sexual activity in sheep? a. Less light c. Higher temperatures b. Lower level of nutrition d. More light 11. To improve the reproductive and maternal performance of a cowherd, which of the following management practices would produce the fastest results? a. Implement a cross breeding program c. Select bulls that have a superior ADG b. Maximize protein and energy levels in creep feed d. Purchase bulls known for fertility 12. Which portion of a gilt s digestive tract s main functions are nutrient absorption? a. Duodenum c. Jejunum 44

45 b. Stomach d. Large intestine 13. The fiber produced by an Angora goat is called a. Wool c. Mohair b. Hair d. Silk 14. CIDR s are commonly used in estrous synchronization programs. They continually release what hormone? a. Estrogen c. Testosterone b. Prostaglandin d. Progesterone 15. Humans can contract soremouth from sheep. What is this disease known as in humans? a. Soremouth c. Cold sores b. Orf d. Hepatitis 16. The first milk produced by the dam after she gives birth, which is extremely important to the future health of the young is called a. Colostrum c. Whole milk b. First milk d. Milkstrum 17. Which below steak would be from the lowest cutability beef carcass? a. b. 18. Based on the below Days to 250 EPD s, which Hampshire boar should be expected to produce the fastest growing offspring? a c. 0.5 b c Bovine spongiform encephalopathy is commonly referred to as a. Scrapie c. Mad ewe disease b. Mad cow disease d. Beef encephs 20. HSUS is a group opposed to many traditional animal agricultural practices. What do the letters HSUS as it relates to this group stand for? a. Humane Social UnionS c. Humane States of the United States b. Handling Safety UnionS d. Humane Society of the United States 21. As a barrow gets older and heavier, its protein requirement increases. a. True b. False 22. Which ram below is the least susceptible to scrapie based on their Codon 171 Genotype? a. QQ c. RR b. QR d. Codon 171 is not related to scrapie 23. Which of the below is a plant-based protein source used in swine diets? a. Soybean meal c. Blood meal b. Whey d. None of the above 24. Which index is the best indicator of stress traits in a boar s offspring? a. MLI c. MLI b. TSI d. None of the above 25. To maximize efficiency of a beef operation, the generation interval of the herd should be decreased. To do this, heifers should be bred for first time by months of age and % of their mature weight. a. 12 months and 65% c. 20 months and 85% b. 15 months and 65% d. 24 months and 85% LIVESTOCK BREEDING SCENARIO - TEAM 2016 Livestock Skillathon - Team Breeding Scenario Keep/Cull Exercise White-faced Ewes 45