2014 Iowa State FFA Livestock Judging Contest 8/23/2014 LIVESTOCK EVALUATION TEST
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1 2014 Iowa State FFA Livestock Judging Contest 8/23/2014 LIVESTOCK EVALUATION TEST 1. Which of the following correctly defines the acronym EPD? a. Expected Prodigy Differences b. Expected Progeny Differences c. Elevated Prodigy Differences d. Elevated Progeny Differences 2. Adapting animal behavior to fit the needs of people is referred to as? a. Livestock Evaluation b. Animal Production c. Domestication d. Animal Husbandry 3. Which of the following correctly defines the term hybrid vigor? a. The value of the animal as a parent b. The crossbred offspring exceeds the average of the two parental breeds c. A group of animals of the same age, sex and breed composition d. The measure of how inbred an animal is 4. Swine were first domesticated around 4900 BC by the? a. Chinese b. Greeks c. Arabians d. English 5. Which of the following locations is where beef carcasses are ribbed? a. Between the 5th and 6th ribs b. Between the 8th and 9th ribs c. Between the 11th and 12th ribs d. Between the 12th and 13th ribs 6. Which of the following is an essential amino acid in swine diets? a. Alamine b. Serine c. Tyrosine d. Lysine Page 1
2 7. Which of the following is a benefit of cattle implants? a. Increase meat tenderness b. Increase rate of gain c. Increase marbling d. Increase lung capacity 8. Which of the following terms is used to describe a heifer which looks like a female? a. Masculine b. Feminine c. Broody d. Balanced 9. The length of gestation in sheep is closest to? a. 114 days b. 150 days c. 283 days d. 336 days 10. The mating of animals in different families within the same breed is known as? a. Outcrossing b. Linebreeding c. Crossbreeding d. Inbreeding 11. Which is not considered a British breed of cattle? a. Red Angus b. Shorthorn c. Angus d. Charolais 12. Which of the following best describes the type of bend a hog should have to its knee? a. Forward b. Inward c. Outward d. Backward 13. A ration that taste good to the animal which promotes consumption is said to be? a. Balanced b. Concentrated c. Palatable d. Nutritional Page 2
3 14. Which division of the ruminant is considered the true stomach? a. Abomasum b. Omasum c. Reticulum d. Rumen 15. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the ideal breeding gilt? a. Long neck b. Refined teats c. Small toes d. Femininity 16. A maintenance ration in beef cattle is primarily composed of? a. Fats b. Roughages c. Carbohydrates d. Proteins 17. The average length of the estrus cycle for sheep is? a. 12 days b. 17 days c. 21 days d. 22 days 18. The length of gestation for swine is? a. 98 days b. 114 days c. 150 days d. 283 days 19. Which of the following is the least valuable cut on the lamb carcass? a. Leg b. Loin c. Rack d. Shoulder 20. The process of giving of giving birth to a new animal? a. Parturition b. Gestation c. Fertilization d. Ovulation Page 3
4 21. Which classes of sheep are bred primarily for meat? a. Fine Wool Breeds b. Medium Wool Breeds c. Crossbred Wool Breeds d. Fur Sheep Breeds 22. When using performance data in judging hogs, which is NOT one of the indices used as an EPD? a. Sow Productivity Index b. Terminal Sire Index c. Maternal Line Index d. Feed Efficiency Index 23. When judging a market steer class which term is used describe the amount of fat cover on the animal? a. Fluff b. Carcass Merit c. Quality d. Finish 24. The first successful cloning of livestock was done in 1996 with? a. Swine b. Cattle c. Sheep d. Goats 25. Which of the following body parts is not used to evaluate muscle in sheep? a. Pastern b. Rack c. Loin d. Leg 26. An animal that toes out is most likely? a. Angular fronted b. Big footed c. Straight shoulder d. Sickle hocked 27. An animal that pushes out in its hock and sets down on the outside of its hoof is referred to as? a. Splay footed b. Bow legged c. Pigeon toed d. Buck-Kneed Page 4
5 28. Which is NOT a known genetic defect of cattle? a. Curly Calf Syndrome (Arthrogryposis Multiplex) b. Hydrocephalus (Neuropathic Hydrocephalus) c. TH (Tibial Hemimelia) d. PSS (Porcine Stress Syndrome) 29. In market lambs Quality Grade is calculated using what criteria? a. Back Fat b. KPH Fat c. Flank Streaking d. LEA 30. Which of the following breeds of sheep have an all-black face, slick legs and long ear? a. Suffolk b. Dorset c. Hampshire d. Southdown 31. Which of the following breeds is known as a Terminal breed and has down ears? a. Landrace b. Yorkshire c. Chester White d. Duroc 32. The term used for a castrated male sheep is? a. steer b. boar c. wether d. barrow 33. Which is not a compartment of the ruminant stomach? a. Reticulum b. Omasum c. Rumen d. Jejunum 34. What is visually used by producers to identify what litter each hog belong to? a. Ear notch b. Color pattern c. DNA verification d. Brand Page 5
6 35. Which of the following factors has the greatest impact on quality grade in cattle? a. Marbling b. Yield Grade c. Hide Color d. Rib Fat 36. Which term estimates the portion of the animal that will be used as edible product? a. Dressing Percent b. Quality Grade c. Yield Grade d. Hot carcass weight 37. Which of the following factors do not affect Yield Grade in cattle? a. Dressing Percent b. Carcass Weight c. 12 th rib Back Fat d. KPH 38. Which of the following starts the rapid growth stage on the standard growth curve? a. Breeding b. Slaughter c. Birth d. Weaning 39. A steer, throughout his life would have an average feed to gain ratio closest to? a. 2 to 1 b. 4 to 1 c. 7 to 1 d. 11 to Which is considered a primal cut of pork? a. Rack b. Picnic Shoulder c. Round d. Breast Plate 41. Which of the following areas is used to determine leanness in swine? a. Foot b. Skull c. Flank d. Knees Page 6
7 42. Which of the following body condition scores would be the most appropriate for a lactating cow? a. BCS 1 b. BCS 3 c. BCS 5 d. BCS A 1300 pound steer will consume what percentage of his body weight in feed? a. 2% b. 6% c. 8% d. 10% 44. Which of the following species is a seasonal breeder? a. Horses b. Cattle c. Hogs d. Sheep 45. The average dressing percent for Cattle is closest to? a. 65% b. 75% c. 85% d. 95% 46. A steer on a finishing diet would most likely be consuming what % protein? a. 7% b. 11% c. 17% d. 21% 47. The main energy nutrients found in animal rations are? a. Proteins b. Amino Acids c. Fats d. Carbohydrates 48. What organ in the female reproductive tract produces the eggs? a. Cervix b. Ovaries c. Uterus d. Vulva Page 7
8 49. Which of the following is the most desirable shape of a market hog? a. Round b. Hourglass c. Diamond d. Triangle 50. Which of the following terms describes a steer with too much set to his rear leg? a. Pigeon-toed b. Bow-Legged c. Sickle-hocked d. Straight Page 8
9 FFA Test Key 1. B 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. D 6. D 7. B 8. B 9. B 10. A 11. D 12. D 13. C 14. A 15. C 16. B 17. B 18. B 19. D 20. A 21. B 22. D 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. A 36. C 37. A 38. D 39. C 40. B 41. C 42. C 43. A 44. D 45. A 46. B 47. D 48. B 49. B 50. C
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