3/6/2016. Ozarks Master Gardener. Ticks. Ticks. Ticks and Chiggers. Around brushy grassy areas. Lone Star Tick Life cycle.

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1 Ticks and Chiggers Around brushy grassy areas Most common where lots of wildlife: rabbits, mice, deer, raccoons, possums, & wild cats. Ozarks Master Gardener Ticks Lone Star Tick Life cycle Black-legged tick Lone Star tick Dog tick Lone Star tick Ticks Most tick bites are just annoying because they itch for a time after tick is removed Engorged Female Lone Star Tick 1

2 Ticks as vectors of disease Black-legged tick Lyme disease Ticks If you experience an abnormal reaction to tick a tick bite See your doctor! Lyme disease bull s eye Erlichia tick bite Lone Star tick Erlichiosis Dog tick Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Chiggers Immature = larval stage of mites, feed on blood. Drop off before you feel the itch, unless you are sensitized Tick & Chigger Prevention Bite = attach where clothing fits tightly under socks and around one s belt-line. Tuck pant legs into socks or otherwise close off opening. Permethrin Treat clothing only. Very Effective! Sulphur powder Works well. Very Smelly, interacts with sweat & may stain clothing. DEET Can be applied to skin but not as effective against ticks and chiggers. Tick & Chigger Prevention Permethrin: Kills Ticks and Chiggers: 0.5% Do not apply to skin Apply to clothing only! Lasts for weeks, even after washing 0.5% concentration Tick & Chigger Prevention Sulfur Powder Works Well Sprinkle on clothing and areas where clothing fits tightly Wash clothing separately!!! Stinks! Will stink up entire wash load! Interacts with sweat & metal rivets, zippers, and belt buckles. 2

3 Ticks and chiggers Spiders Black widow Tick removal lots of tools and opinion on how to do it you decide for yourself. I just pull them off with my fingers! If deeply embedded, I dip a cotton swab in permethrin touch tick wait a few hours dead tick comes out without any resistance. Decide for yourself Distinctive red hour-glass marking on underside Spiders Black widow Lives under rocks, in loose rock walls, rock and wood piles In storage buildings, garages, tool sheds, stacks of old flower pots & Under work tables Makes a messy disorganized web Painful Dangerous bite seek medical attention Spiders Fiddle or violin-shaped mark on its back Brown Recluse Live outdoors under rocks, in walls, rock structures in the garden. Not a major threat outdoors. Live indoors in walls, behind boxes, furniture, clothing, almost anywhere Painless bite Can develop into dangerous tissue damage over time. Reaction to bite varies Minor to serious Takes long time to heal Spiders Brown recluse Missouri Tarantula Very large spooky looking spider 4 5 inch leg-span Harmless unless threatened Painful but Non-threatening bite Fiddle or violin-shaped mark on its back Live in burrows Most common in fall when males wander searching for females 3

4 Other Spiders Large spider: 2 3 inch leg span Wolf Spider Other Spiders Golden Garden Spider Non-threatening bite Large Spider: 2-3 inch leg span Young on their back Common in Fall Harmless, don t bite Make ornate webs to catch flying insects Live in burrows & under stones Hunt prey on the ground at night Striped Scorpion Painful but not dangerous sting Striped Scorpion Live under rocks, under bark,or other garden hardscape Hunt insects at night Glow under ultra-violet light Fluorescent Scorpion Giant Ozark Centipede Prefers rocky habitats Up to 12 inches long Large poisonous fangs Potentially dangerous bite Centipedes Giant Ozark Centepede - Jaws 4

5 Mosquitoes Asian Tiger Mosquito Mosquitoes - Introduced from Asia into Texas in 1985 in old tires - Egg to adult in 7-10 days - Vicious day-time biter - Hangs out in shaded areas Asian Tiger Mosquito - Bites immediately after landing on you - Very painful bite, although goes away after an hour or less Mosquitoes Asian Tiger Mosquito Asian Tiger Mosquito life cycle: 7-10 days A. aegypti A. albopictus Closely related to Aedes aegypti which is a major disease vector Aedes albopictus Aedes albopictus is a potential vector of: - Zika virus - Dengue fever - Chikungunya virus Asian Tiger Mosquito Breeding sites Asian Tiger Mosquito management around your garden - Remove sources of water for breeding Aedes albopictus Breeding sites - Use Mosquito dough-nuts [Bt] in permanent standing water - Wear protective clothing treated with DEET, Permethrin or similar repellant - Learn to live with them! 5

6 Asian Tiger Mosquito management Bt doughnuts and granules in standing water Bt = Bacillus thuringiensis Naturally occurring insect killing bacteria Snakes Poisonous vs. non-poisonous Baby Cottonmouth, Cossattot River State Park, Arkansas Poisonous snakes in Ozarks Copper head Pygmy rattlesnake Vertical pupil Cottonmouth Timber Rattlesnake Snakes Juvenile Copperhead Snakes Copperhead camouflage coloration 6

7 Cottonmouth or Water Moccasin Juvenile Juvenile pygmy rattle snake, about 6-8 inches long Adult Pygmy Rattle Snake, inches long Depth of Field & subject sharpness Large, up to 5 feet Very dangerous Bite Timber Rattlesnake Non-Poisonous snakes Black Rat Snake - Black Snake - Blue Racer Up To 6 ft long Noisy rattle Colorful 7

8 Non-Poisonous snakes Western ribbon snake Garter Snake Non poisonous Ring-necked snake: Common Common in Ozark garden scapes Non poisonous Speckled king snake : Common Speckled king snake eating Texas brown snake Non poisonous Speckled king snakes eat copper heads Saddleback Caterpillar Small caterpillars inches long Eat many trees & ornamental plants Use duct tape to remove spines Rose Slug Caterpillar 8

9 Hag Moth Caterpillar Io MothCaterpillar Buck Moth Caterpillar Not all spiny caterpillars sting Question-mark butterfly caterpillar Hickory-Horned Devil moth Mourning-cloak butterfly larva Who is Eating Who? Wheel bug: Assassin bug family Taney County 9

10 Velvet Ants One inch long Bright Red Warning Coloration Wingless females will sting in self defense Males do not sting Fire Ants Imported Fire ant in Southern U.S. Parasitize larvae of other ground-nesting wasps as food for their developing young Fire Ants Swarm when disturbed and sting all at once Fire Ants Conspicuous mounds along garden paths in flower beds, along sidewalks & road sides. Fire Ants Drench mounds with an insecticide Approved for ant/fire ant control Wasps Ground-nesting yellow jackets Underground nest Swarming attack when disturbed Use wasp spray at nest entrance Most abundant and aggressive in fall Use Fire-ant baits for area wide control 10

11 Wasps Bald-Faced Hornets Paper nest in tree branches Both Yellow jackets and Bald-faced hornets Congregate at butterfly & humming bird feeders in fall Most abundant & aggressive in fall Wasps Large wasp. Prefers sandy soil Underground nest Larva = grub develops on living but paralyzed cicada Cicada-Killer Wasp NOT AGGRESSIVE. Sting only if handled Bees and Wasps Bumble bees & Honey bees Excellent Pollinators Not aggressive Wasps and Bees Mimicked by harmless hover flies Honey bee Hover fly Hover fly also Excellent Pollinators Thank you for supporting the Master gardeners of the Ozarks and The Spring garden Workshop End 11

12 End End End End End End 12

13 In the end, We will conserve only what we love, we will love only what we understand, and we will understand only what we are taught. Ecologist Baba Dioum, 1968 end Non-Poisonous snakes Common Various non-poisonous snakes NOT Coral snakes Coral Snake, is not found in Missouri Ground Snake Ring-necked Red-Milk Snake Coral vs. Red-milk snake Red on yellow = Kills a fellow Red on Black = OK Jack Various non-poisonous snakes Rough Green snake Coral snake Red-Milk Snake 13

14 Adult Pygmy Rattle Snake, inches long Adult Pygmy Rattle Snake, inches long Hog-Nosed Snake, also called the Puff Adder Hog-Nosed Snakes will fake death to escape being eaten 14

15 Parasitic Bot Fly adult and larva. Parasitic Bot-fly larva. Turtles Three--toed Box Turtle Common Snapping Turtle, Taney County, Missouri Male Rhinoceros Beetle Taney County Wheel Bug, Taney County 15

16 Male Rhinoceros Beetle. Taney County Elephant Stag Beetle, Ozark County, Missouri Wasps and Bees Mimicked by harmless hover flies Wasps and bees Mimicked by hover flies also Excellent Pollinators Honey bee Hover fly Hover fly also Excellent Pollinators Black-legged tick, deer or winter tick Missouri Tarantula, Ozark County 16

17 American Dog tick Tick & Chigger Prevention Permethrin: Kills ticks and Chiggers Outright 0.5% concentration Treat clothing only! lasts for weeks even after washing Preferred by U.S. & UK Military All uniforms currently issued to troops in combat areas are treated during manufacture with permethrin. This presentation was made possible by : Master Gardeners of the Ozarks and Ozarks Master Gardener Thank you for your interest Chiggers Engorged Female Lone Star Tick End 17

18 Insects Saddle back Caterpillar Engorged Female Lone Star Tick Ticks and Chiggers Around brushy grassy areas Most common where lots of wildlife: rabbits, mice, deer, raccoons, possums, & wild cats. Not all spiny caterpillars Will sting. Question Mark Butterfly Japanese Honeysuckle and Chinese Privet: Shelter wildlife, build up in tick population Non-Poisonous snakes Ring-necked 18

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