Brookesia brygooi, Brygoo's Leaf Chameleon

Transcription

1 The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species ISSN (online) IUCN 2008: T172947A Brookesia brygooi, Brygoo's Leaf Chameleon Assessment by: Jenkins, R.K.B. et al. View on Short citation: Jenkins, R.K.B. et al Brookesia brygooi. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2011: e.t172947a [see full citation at end] Copyright: 2015 International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is authorized without prior written permission from the copyright holder provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of this publication for resale, reposting or other commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written permission from the copyright holder. For further details see Terms of Use. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species is produced and managed by the IUCN Global Species Programme, the IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC) and The IUCN Red List Partnership. The IUCN Red List Partners are: BirdLife International; Botanic Gardens Conservation International; Conservation International; Microsoft; NatureServe; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Sapienza University of Rome; Texas A&M University; Wildscreen; and Zoological Society of London. If you see any errors or have any questions or suggestions on what is shown in this document, please provide us with feedback so that we can correct or extend the information provided. THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES

2 Taxonomy Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Animalia Chordata Reptilia Squamata Chamaeleonidae Taxon Name: Brookesia brygooi Raxworthy & Nussbaum, 1995 Common Name(s): English: Taxonomic Notes: Brygoo's Leaf Chameleon Specimens from Isalo currently attributed to this species (Glaw and Vences 2007), and included in this assessment, likely represent an undescribed taxon (F. Andreone pers. comm. January 2011). Assessment Information Red List Category & Criteria: Least Concern ver 3.1 Year Published: 2011 Date Assessed: January 27, 2011 Justification: Listed as Least Concern as the species is widespread, common and displays a degree of adaptability to human-disturbed habitats, as well as being recorded from numerous protected areas. Geographic Range Range Description: This species is endemic to Madagascar where it occurs in the western part of the island (Glaw and Vences 2007). Its northerly limit appears to be around Parc National d'ankarafantsika (Ramanamanjato and Rabibisoa 2002) and it has been recorded as far south as Sept Lacs (D'Cruze et al. 2009). Other localities include Parc National Zombitse-Vohibasia (Raselimanana and Rakotomalala 2003), Parc National Tsingy de Bemaraha (Randrianantoandro et al. 2008), Anavelona (Brygoo 1978, Raxworthy and Nussbaum 1995) and the Kirindy forests (Raselimanana 2008, Randrianantoandro et al. 2010). This lizard has been recorded between 20 and 571 m asl. (Randrianantoandro et al. 2010, Bora et al. 2010). The chameleon's extent of occurrence is estimated to be 147,782 km². Country Occurrence: Native: Madagascar 1

3 Distribution Map 2

4 Population Although this species occurs in a number of forests in western Madagascar, published population information is only available from Bemaraha (Randrianantoandro et al. 2008) and Menabe (Randrianantoandro et al. 2010). At Bemaraha, the population density was highest (78 ha -1 ) in a degraded forest just outside the park boundary and lowest in a site in the north of the park (28 ha -1 ), whilst the density at Menabe was 35 ha -1. Current Population Trend: Unknown Habitat and Ecology (see Appendix for additional information) This species is adapted to arid conditions within dry deciduous forest (Raxworthy and Nussbaum 1995). B. brygooi is able to tolerate moderate disturbance to forest vegetation and can survive in a wider range of abiotic and biotic conditions than sympatric species (Randrianantoandro et al. 2008). At night animals usually perch with heads orientated towards the ground on leaves and stems (Randrianantoandro et al. 2007). Mean distance between successive nocturnal roost sites varies between 1.0 m and 2.2 m, and distances encompass a range of between 1.7 m² and 4.8 m² (Randrianantoandro et al ). B. brygooi mean perch height at night is around 0.5 m (Randrianantoandro et al. 2007). Clutch sizes of 2-5 eggs have been reported (Glaw and Vences 2007). Systems: Terrestrial Use and Trade Sixty B. brygooi were exported from Madagascar in 2001 (Carpenter and Robson 2005) but currently there is no export quota for the species. Threats (see Appendix for additional information) This species is only found in dry deciduous forest and it is therefore threatened by the deterioration of this habitat. Excessive timber extraction, fire and conversion of forest into agriculture pose the greatest threats. However, this species appears to be more tolerant of forest disturbance than other species of Brookesia, and is probably therefore only threatened by severe levels of disturbance (Randrianantoandro et al. 2008, 2010). Conservation Actions (see Appendix for additional information) Brygoo's leaf chameleon occurs in a number of protected areas: Parc National Tsingy de Bemaraha (Randrianantoandro et al. 2008), Parc National de Isalo (Raselimanana and Rakotomalala 2003), Parc National de Zombitse-Vohibasia (Raselimanana and Rakotomalala 2003) and Parc National d'ankarafantsika (Glaw and Vences 2007). Its habitats in central Menabe are in the process of becoming included in a new protected area. This lizard is a protected species under Malagasy law but collection outside of strict protected areas is permitted with authorization. Sixty B. brygooi were exported from Madagascar in 2001 (Carpenter and Robson 2005). There is no current CITES export quota for international trade in this species. Credits 3

5 Assessor(s): Jenkins, R.K.B., Andreone, F., Andriamazava, A., Anjeriniaina, M., Brady, L., Glaw, F., Griffiths, R.A., Rabibisoa, N., Rakotomalala, D., Randrianantoandro, J.C., Randrianiriana, J., Randrianizahana, H., Ratsoavina, F. & Robsomanitrandrasana, E. Reviewer(s): Bowles, P. & Tolley, K. 4

6 Bibliography Bora, P., Randrianantoandro, J.C., Randrianavelona, R., Hantalalaina, E.F., Andriantsimanarilafy, R.R., Rakotondravony, D., Ramilijaona, O.R., Vences, M., Jenkins, R.K.B., Glaw, F. and Köhler, J The herpetofauna of the Tsingy de Bemaraha plateau, western Madagasar: checklist, biogeography and conservation. Herpelogical Conservation and Biology 5: Brygoo, E.R Reptiles Sauriens Chamaeleonidae. Genre Brookesia et complément pour le genre Chamaeleo. Faune de Madagascar 47: Carpenter, A.I. and Robson, O A review of the endemic chameleon genus Brookesia from Madagascar, and the rationale for its listing on CITES Appendix II. Oryx 39(4): D'Cruze, N.C., Olsonn, L.E., Henson, D., Kumar, S. and Emmett, D The amphibians and reptiles of the lower Onilahy River valley, a temporary protected area in southwest Madagascar. Herpelogical Conservation and Biology 4: Glaw, F. and Vences, M A Fieldguide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar. Third Edition. Vences & Glaw Verlag, Cologne. Harper, G.J., Steininger, M.K., Tucker, C.J., Juhn, D. and Hawkins, A.F.A Fifty years of deforestation and forest fragmentation in Madagascar. Environmental Conservation 34: 1-9. IUCN IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (ver ). Available at: (Accessed: 10 November 2011). Ramanamanjato, J.-B. and Rabibisoa, N Evaluation rapide de la diversité biologique de reptiles et amphibians de la Reserve Naturelle Integrale d'ankarafantsika. In: L.E. Alosno,T. Schulenberg, S. Radilofe and O. Missa (eds), A Biological Assessment of the Reserve Naturelle Integrale d'ankarafantsika, pp Conservation International, Washington D.C. Randrianantoandro, C., Razafimahatratra, B., Soazandry, M., Ratsimbazafy, J. and Jenkins, R.K.B Habitat use by chameleons in a deciduous forest in western Madagascar. Amphibia-Reptilia 31(27-35). Randrianantoandro, J.C., Andriantsimanarilafy, R.R., Rakotovololonalomanana, H., Hantalalaina, E.F., Rakotondravony, D., Ramilijaona, O., Ratsimbazafy, J., Razafindrakoro, G.F. and Jenkins, R.K.B Population assessments of chameleons from two montane sites in Madagascar. Herpelogical Conservation and Biology 5: Randrianantoandro, J.C., Randrianavelona, R., Andriantsimanarilafy, R R., Fideline, H.E., Rakotondravony, D., Randrianasolo, M., Ravelomanantsoa, H.L. and Jenkins, R.K.B Identifying priority areas for dwarf chameleon (Brookesia spp.) conservation in Tsingy de Bemaraha National Park, Madagascar. Oryx 42: Randrianantoandro, J.C., Randrianavelona, R., Andriantsimanarilafy, R.R., Hantalalaina, E.F. and Jenkins, R.K.B Roost site characteristics of sympatric dwarf chameleons (genus: Brookesia) from western Madagascar. Amphibia-Reptilia 28: Raselimanana, A.P Herpétofaune des forêts sèches malgaches. Malagasy Nature 1: Raselimanana, A.P. and Rakotomalala, D Chamaeleonidae, Chameleons. In: S.M. Goodman and J.P. Benstead (eds), The Natural History of Madagascar, pp The University of Chicago Press, Chicago and London. Raxworthy, C.J. and Nussbaum, R.A Systematics, speciation and biogeography of the dwarf chameleons (Brookesia; Reptilia, Squamata, Chamaeleontidae) of northern Madagascar. Journal of 5

7 Zoology 235: Citation Jenkins, R.K.B., Andreone, F., Andriamazava, A., Anjeriniaina, M., Brady, L., Glaw, F., Griffiths, R.A., Rabibisoa, N., Rakotomalala, D., Randrianantoandro, J.C., Randrianiriana, J., Randrianizahana, H., Ratsoavina, F. & Robsomanitrandrasana, E Brookesia brygooi. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2011: e.t172947a Disclaimer To make use of this information, please check the Terms of Use. External Resources For Images and External Links to Additional Information, please see the Red List website. 6

8 Appendix Habitats ( Habitat Season Suitability Major Importance? 1. Forest -> 1.5. Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Dry - Suitable Yes Threats ( Threat Timing Scope Severity Impact Score 2. Agriculture & aquaculture -> 2.1. Annual & perennial non-timber crops -> Shifting agriculture Ongoing Minority (50%) Slow, significant declines Low impact: 5 Stresses: 1. Ecosystem stresses -> 1.1. Ecosystem conversion 2. Agriculture & aquaculture -> 2.1. Annual & perennial non-timber crops -> Small-holder farming Ongoing Minority (50%) Slow, significant declines Low impact: 5 Stresses: 1. Ecosystem stresses -> 1.1. Ecosystem conversion 5. Biological resource use -> 5.3. Logging & wood harvesting -> Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) Ongoing Minority (50%) Slow, significant declines Low impact: 5 Stresses: 1. Ecosystem stresses -> 1.2. Ecosystem degradation 5. Biological resource use -> 5.3. Logging & wood harvesting -> Unintentional effects: (large scale) Ongoing Unknown Unknown Unknown Stresses: 1. Ecosystem stresses -> 1.1. Ecosystem conversion 1. Ecosystem stresses -> 1.2. Ecosystem degradation Conservation Actions in Place ( Conservation Actions in Place In-Place Research, Monitoring and Planning Action Recovery plan: No Systematic monitoring scheme: No In-Place Land/Water Protection and Management Conservation sites identified: Yes, over part of range Occur in at least one PA: Yes Area based regional management plan: No 7

9 Conservation Actions in Place In-Place Species Management Harvest management plan: No Successfully reintroduced or introduced beningly: No Subject to ex-situ conservation: No In-Place Education Subject to recent education and awareness programmes: No Included in international legislation: Yes Subject to any international management/trade controls: Yes Additional Data Fields Distribution Estimated extent of occurrence (EOO) (km²): Continuing decline in extent of occurrence (EOO): Yes Extreme fluctuations in extent of occurrence (EOO): No Number of Locations: Continuing decline in number of locations: Yes Extreme fluctuations in the number of locations: No Lower elevation limit (m): 20 Upper elevation limit (m): 571 Population Population severely fragmented: No 8

10 The IUCN Red List Partnership The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species is produced and managed by the IUCN Global Species Programme, the IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC) and The IUCN Red List Partnership. The IUCN Red List Partners are: BirdLife International; Botanic Gardens Conservation International; Conservation International; Microsoft; NatureServe; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Sapienza University of Rome; Texas A&M University; Wildscreen; and Zoological Society of London. THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES