13. Swim bladder function: A. What happens to the density of a fish if the volume of its swim bladder increases?

Transcription

1 Ch 11 Review - Use this worksheet as practice and as an addition to your Chapter 11 Study Guide. Test will only be over Ch (Ch 11.5 Fossil and Paleontology section will not be on your test) Chordates: Fishes: 1. What ONE structure do all chordates have during initial development? 2. Are all chordates vertebrates? 3. Which chordates are invertebrates? 4. What are FOUR structures that all vertebrates have during embryonic stage? 5. What is an ectotherm? 6. What is an endotherm? 7. Are fishes invertebrates or vertebrates? 8. Are fishes endotherms or ectotherms? 9. Describe the circulatory system of a fish. (Be able to recognize, label, and describe the circulatory system diagram.) 10. How do most fishes reproduce? 11. Which fish reproduce by internal fertilization? 12. What are the 3 classes of fishes? List 2-3 important things about each class. ( Important things are things that a scientist would use to categorize the types of fishes belonging to each group.) C. 1

2 13. Swim bladder function: What happens to the density of a fish if the volume of its swim bladder increases? If the density of water is 1 g/ml, and a fish has a mass of 50 g and a volume of 100 ml, will the fish rise or sink? *Need help? If the density of the fish is greater than the density of the water, the fish will sink. If the density of the fish is less than the density of the water, the fish will rise. Evolution of Fish to Amphibian 14. What is the mudskipper? How does it relate to the evolution from fish to amphibian? What are 2 interesting facts about mudskippers? Amphibians: 15. Are amphibians invertebrates or vertebrates? 16. Are amphibians endotherms or ectotherms? 17. What does amphibian mean? Why are amphibians said to have a double life? 18. Describe the circulatory systems of a tadpole (larvae), and an adult amphibian. (Be able to recognize, label, and compare and contrast these two circulatory system diagrams.) 2

3 19. How do amphibians breathe? Compare and contrast a tadpole or larvae to an adult amphibian. 20. Why are amphibians especially sensitive to environmental changes? 21. Why are amphibian populations declining? 22. What are the 3 orders of amphibians? List 2-3 important things about each order. ( Important things are things that a scientist would use to categorize the types of amphibians belonging to each group.) C. 23. Describe the metamorphosis that frogs go through during their life cycle, from egg to adult. 24. Compare and contrast frogs and toads. 25. Be able to label the internal or external anatomy of a frog. Function of the cloaca - Function of the tympanic membrane (eardrum) - C. Function of the epiglottis - D. Function of the esophagus - E. What is unique about a frog s tongue? 26. Compare and contrast frogs and toads. 3

4 Reptiles: 27. Are reptiles invertebrates or vertebrates? 28. Are reptiles endotherms or ectotherms? 29. What are the 5 adaptations that allowed reptiles to be successful on land? What purpose does each serve? C. D. E. 30. Know the parts and function of the amniotic egg. *Letters on left match the diagram on the right. Embryo: Amnion: C. Chorion: D. Yolk/Yolk sac: E. Shell: F. Albumen: G. Allantois: 31. What are the 4 orders of reptiles? List 2-3 important things about each order. ( Important things are things that a scientist would use to categorize the types of reptiles belonging to each group.) 4

5 C. D. 32. Describe the circulatory systems of a reptile. (Be able to recognize, label) Explain why the reptilian three-chambered heart with a partial septum (above) is more efficient, than the three-chambered heart of an adult amphibian (below). 5

6 33. Which order of reptiles cares for their young? 34. Which order of reptiles lays their eggs on the beach and then returns to sea? 35. Compare and contrast lizards and snakes. 36. Snake venom: Hemotoxic: Neurotoxic: C. Facts from video: i. The most venomous land snake is the Inland Taipan. ii. The most venomous snake in the United States is the Rattlesnake. iii. The most venomous snake on Earth (land or sea) is the Belcher s sea snake. 37. Compare and contrast the 4 main types of crocodilians: Alligators, Crocodiles, Caimans, and Gharials Know the following taxonomy for each group of vertebrates: Fish Amphibians Reptiles Domain Eukarya Eukarya Eukarya Kingdom Animalia Animalia Animalia Phylum Chordata Chordata Chordata Class 3 classes: Jawless fishes Cartilaginous fishes Bony fishes Amphibia Reptilia Order We did not discuss. 3 orders: Anura Caudata Apoda 4 orders: Squamata Testudines Crocodilia Sphenodontia 6