The new power in parasite protection

Transcription

1 The new power in parasite protection Controls sand flies and ticks for up to 6 months

2 Innovative technology New and patented release technology Deltamethrin is delivered only to the dog Licensed indications Scalibor is active against sand flies 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 and ticks 9,1 The anti-feeding effect of Scalibor against sand flies reduces the risk of contracting Leishmaniasis 5,6,7 Convenience for the owner Scalibor is resistant to water, therefore there is no need to remove the if the dog gets wet 11 Scalibor has no odour The anti-feeding effect of the Scalibor against sand flies lasts for a period of at least 5-6 months 1,2,4 The active ingredient released from the is distributed on the dog only

3 How does the Scalibor work? Innovative technology, whole body coverage The progressive release of deltamethrin from TPP the Scalibor is facilitated by a unique carrier process (see figure 1). Once the deltamethrin is removed from the outer surface, it is immediately replaced. DTM Figure 1: Deltamethrin (DTM) is highly attracted to the excipient, triphenyl phosphate (TPP). Together they form a complex, DTM + TPP. The polymer matrix of the Scalibor is saturated with the DTM + TPP complex. This saturation results in a regular release of the complex. Deltamethrin is highly lipophylic, and as a result it passes readily into the lipid film of the dog s skin to cover the entire body (see figure 2). It takes one to two weeks before effective deltamethrin levels have been reached. The technology of applying the active ingredient directly and exclusively onto the dog s coat differs from that of most other collars, in which the active ingredient is Epidermis Dermis Hypodermis Lipid film Sebaceous gland released by evaporation. In such collars, a large part of the active ingredient is lost in the air, and only a fraction remains for the dog s Figure 2: structure of the dog s skin, deltamethrin spreads into the lipid film of the dog s skin protection.

4 Deltamethrin, an insecticide with multiple effects Deltamethrin is an insecticide that acts rapidly upon contact with the parasite. It has multiple effects: Anti-feeding effect: The parasite is prevented from biting the host Repellent effect: The parasite does not land on the host Knock-down effect: The parasite rapidly becomes uncoordinated Lethal effect: The parasite is killed Scalibor provides 5-6 months of activity Regular release and steady concentrations for 5-6 months (see Figure 3). Deltamethrin released (mg/cm) weeks Figure 3: average amount of deltamethrin released by the Scalibor over time Scalibor and Leishmaniasis protection Scalibor is active against sand flies for a period of at least 5-6 months In most countries where Leishmaniasis is a problem, the transmission season lasts about half a year. Scalibor is active against sand flies for a period of at least 5-6 months. A study carried out by Killick-Kendrick and % 1 others1 showed an anti-feeding effect of more 9 than 9% against Phlebotomus perniciosus, the 8 most important vector of canine Leishmaniasis 6 in countries bordering the Mediterranean 4 (see Figure 4). 2 week 1 week 2 week 3 week 4 week 13 week 2 week 26 week 34 Figure 4, control rate for dogs against Phlebotomus perniciosus during 34 weeks following the attachment of a Scalibor.

5 % 1 Similar results have been found by others 2 9 against Phlebotomus perniciosus, and also 8 against Lutzomyia longipalpis, the main vector of canine and human visceral Leishmaniasis in the New World 4 (see Figure 5) % 51% Lu. longipapis Figure 5: average percentage anti-feeding and mortality of Lutzomyia longipalpis that took a blood meal over a period of 35 weeks following the attachment of a Scalibor. Anti-feeding effect Mortality of the sand flies that took a blood meal Scalibor reduces the incidence of Leishmaniasis in dogs An intervention trial carried out in Italy under field circumstances 6 demonstrated that dogs wearing a Scalibor had a highly significant protection rate of 86% as compared to untreated controls (see Figure 6). % % 9.5% 3.5% 25.8% Seroprevalence Seroconversion prior to the season Collared dogs Figure 6: seroprevalence prior to the season Control dogs and seroconversion rates recorded in dogs wearing a Scalibor and control dogs before and after transmission The use of Scalibor Protector- season in Bands in dogs reduces the incidence of Leishmaniasis in % 6 humans 5 An intervention trial carried out in Iran under 4 field circumstances has now been completed 7. 3 This trial has demonstrated that in villages 2 where dogs were collared with Scalibor s there was a significant Expected Observed reduction in transmission of Leishmaniasis to Scalibor Protector Band Figure 7: observed and expected incidence children as compared to villages where dogs were not collared (see Figure 7). Controls of sero-conversion against Leishmaniasis in the direct agglutination test (DAT).

6 Scalibor and tick control Lethal effect of deltamethrin against ticks Deltamethrin is active against all blood feeding stages of ticks: larvae, nymphs and adults 9 (see Table 1). Stages of Rhipicephalus Larvae Nymphs Female Adults Male Adults Permethrin LC 9 (ppm) Cypermethrin LC 9 (ppm) Deltamethrin LC 9 (ppm) Table 1: sensitivity (LC 9) against Rhipicephalus sanguineus of deltamethrin compared to other synthetic pyrethroids. High level of efficacy for at least 5-6 months Even in cases of repeated and heavy infestations, Scalibor has proven to be highly effective1 (see Figure 8). efficacy % = reinfestation (r) weeks Figure 8: efficacy of Scalibor against 1 repeated infestations with 25 Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks. The majority of ticks were killed within 2 days, the minimum period necessary for ticks to transmit diseases (see Figure 9). % of ticks eliminated day + 1 day + 2 day + 3 Figure 9, percentage of ticks eliminated 1, 2 and 3 days after infestation

7 Safety Deltamethrin is a well-known active ingredient and is widely accepted as having an excellent safety profile in mammalian species. An oral dose of more than 3 Deltamethrin Permethrin Bioallethrin LD 5 (mg/m 2 ) Insecticide strength Ratio of LD LD 9 (mg/m 2 ) Insecticide strength Ratio of LD 9 42, mg/kg is not lethal for dogs. Tolerance Esbiothrin studies carried out with the Scalibor have shown that the level of deltamethrin in the blood is lower than the Table 2, sensitivity (LD5 and LD9) of Ctenocephalides felis to 4 synthetic pyrethroids. The insecticide strength is the ratio against esbiothrin. detection limit of even the most sensitive assay methods (5 ng/ml). Convenient for dog owners The Scalibor remains active when dog becomes wet The Scalibor Protectorband remains completely effective even when the dog is wet. Therefore, there is no need to remove the if the animal comes into contact with water 11 Amount of deltamethrin released (mg/g) (see Figure 1) days The Scalibor Protectorband is odourless. Dogs will not resist wearing it, and owners will not notice any smell. Dry collars Wet collars Figure 1: effect of holding the Scalibor s for one hour per week under running water ( litres per minute) on the release of deltamethrin.

8 Scalibor Scalibor Protectorband key benefits: Scalibor is based on a new and patented release technology Scalibor controls sand flies, the vectors of canine Leishmaniasis for up to 6 months Scalibor controls infestations with ticks for up to 6 months Scalibor remains active when the dog becomes wet Scalibor has no odour Scalibor contains deltamethrin 4.% w/w. Scalibor controls ticks and blood sucking phlebotomine sand flies for a period of 5-6 months. Can be used for dogs of 7 weeks and older, including pregnant bitches. Do not use in dogs with skin lesions. Do not use in animals known to be hypersensitive to pyrethroids, e.g. cats. In rare cases hypersensivity reactions can lead to localised skin lesions and hair loss. As the collar exerts its full effect after one week, the collar should be preferably applied 1 week before animals are likely to become exposed to infestation. While occasional contact with water does not reduce the effectiveness of the collar, it should be removed before swimming and bathing because the substance is harmful to fish and other aquatic organisms. Dogs must be prevented from swimming in water for the first five days of wearing the collar. Do not use with other ectoparasiticsides containing organophosphates. Literature 1) Killick-Kendrick, R, Killick-Kendrick, M, Focheux, C, Dereure, J, Peuch, M.P, and M.C. Cadiergues, Medical and Veterinary Entomology, (1997), 11, ) Lucientes, J, Castillo, J.A, Cardiergues, M.C, Gracia-Salinas, M.J, and M. Franc, Proceedings of the ISOPS, (1999), 3, T2. 3) Halbig, P, Hodjati, M.H, Mazloumi-Gavani, A.S, Mohite, H, and C.R. Davies, Medical and Veterinary Entomology, (2), 14, ) Maroli, M, Mizzoni, V, Siragusa, C, D Orazi, A and L. Gradoni, Medical and Veterinary Entomology, (21), 15, ) Davies CR, Mazloumi Gavgani AS, Hodjati MH and Mohite H, The Lancet, (22), 36: ) Rheitinger, R, Teodoro, U, and C.R. Davies, Research, (21), 7, ) Heler-Haupt, A, Varma, M.G.R, Crook, S and A. Radolovitz, Recent advances in acariology, (1979), 2, ) David, J.R, Stamm, L.M, Sergio Bezerra, H, Nonato Souza, R, Killick-Kendrick, R and J. Wellington Oliveira Lima, Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz, 21, 96 (6), ) Spagnolo V, Bazzoli S, Dellepiane M, Mignone W, Mortarino M, and C. Genchi, Proceedings of the WAAVP, (21), 18, 135 1) van den Bos, RHC, RJ Curtis, Experimental and applied acarology, (22), 28: ) van den Bos and Curtis RJ, Proceedings 9th FECAVA Congress, (23), /Jan 4/Pol/1K Further information about the Scalibor is available from: Intervet UK, Walton Manor, Walton, Milton Keynes, MK7 7AJ Please call our Veterinary Support Group at , or support.uk@intervet.com, or visit