References to included and excluded studies [posted as supplied by author]

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1 References to included and excluded studies [posted as supplied by author] w1. Abramson O, Abu-Rashid M, Gorodischer R, Yagupsky P. Failure of short antimicrobial treatments for human brucellosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1997;41: w2. al-eissa YA, Kambal AM, al-nasser MN, al-habib SA, al-fawaz IM, al-zamil FA. Childhood brucellosis: a study of 102 cases. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1990;9:74-9. w3. Alfaro ME, Geijo P, Marcos F, Mateos F, Blanch J, Tárraga I, et al. Doxycycline and streptomycin versus doxycycline alone in the treatment of human brucellosis. 17th European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases; 2007 Munich, Germany. w4. al-idrissi HY, Uwaydah AK, Danso KT, Qutub H, al-mousa MS. Ceftriaxone in the treatment of acute and subacute human brucellosis. J Int Med Res 1989;17: w5. Alp E, Koc R, Durak A, Yildiz O, Aygen B, Sumerkan B, et al. Doxycycline plus streptomycin versus ciprofloxacin plus rifampicin in spinal brucellosis. 16th European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases; 2006; Nice, France. w6. Alp E, Koc RK, Durak AC, Yildiz O, Aygen B, Sumerkan B, et al. Doxycycline plus streptomycin versus ciprofloxacin plus rifampicin in spinal brucellosis [ISRCTN ]. BMC Infect Dis 2006;6:72. w7. al-sibai MB, Halim MA, el-shaker MM, Khan BA, Qadri SM. Efficacy of ciprofloxacin for treatment of Brucella melitensis infections. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1992;36: w8. Ariza J, Gudiol F, Fernandez Viladrich P, Garau J. Comparative trial of trimetoprimsulfamethoxazole versus tetracycline-streptomycin in acute brucellosis. Br Med J 1971;3: w9. Ariza J, Guidiol F, Dominguez C. Tratamiento de la brucellosis aguda con TMP-SMZ. In: Baquero F, ed. Proceeding of the 1st Mediterranean congress of chemotherapy. Madrid: Mediterranean congress of chemotherapy 1978: w10. Bertrand A, Roux J, Janbon F, Jourdan J, Jonquet O. The treatment of brucellosis using rifampicine (author's transl). Nouv Presse Med 1979;8: w11. Cisneros JM, Viciana P, Colmenero J, Pachin J, Martinez C, Alarcan A. Multicenter prospective study of treatment of Brucella melitensis brucellosis with doxycycline for 6 weeks plus streptomycin for 2 weeks. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1990;34: w12. D'Alessandro L, Faenza L, Di Palma D, Russo P. [Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TM- SMZ) combination in the treatment of brucellosis]. Minerva Med 1974;65:

2 w13. De Mello Vieira J. Treatment of brucellosis with doxycycline and rifampicin: a study of 50 cases. Current therapeutic research 1984;35: w14. De Rosa F, Fabiani F. [Therapy of human brucellosis with cephalexin]. Clin Ter 1970;53: w15. Doganay M, Aygen B. Use of ciprofloxacin in the treatment of brucellosis. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1992;11:74-5. w16. El Miedany YM, El Gaafary M, Baddour M, Ahmed I. Human brucellosis: do we need to revise our therapeutic policy? J Rheumatol 2003;30: w17. Farid Z, Miale A, Jr., Omar MS, Van Peenen PF. Antibiotic treatment of acute brucellosis caused by Brucella melitensis. J Trop Med Hyg 1961;64: w18. Fiaccadori F, Camilloni R, Ghinelli F, Pizzigoni G. [Comparative study of the use of tetracycline in low dosage in the treatment of brucellosis]. G Clin Med 1972;53: w19. Godeau P, Fuchs G, Guillevin L, Philippon A, Tucat G, Cabane J, et al. [Treatment of human brucellosis with rifampicin]. Sem Hop 1984;60:5-9. w20. Herrell WE, Barber TE. The combined use of auromycin and dihydrostreptomycin in the treatment of brucellosis. Mayo Clin Proc 1949;24: w21. Herrell WE, Barber TE. A new method for treatment of brucellosis. JAMA 1950;114: w22. Kurmanova KB, Kkhamfyang S, Iudin SM. [Effectiveness of pefloxacin in brucellosis]. Antibiot Khimioter 1995;40: w23. Llorens-Terol J, Busquets RM. Brucellosis treated with rifampicin. Arch Dis Child 1980;55: w24. Lulu AR, Araj GF, Khateeb MI, Mustafa MY, Yusuf AR, Fenech FF. Human brucellosis in Kuwait: a prospective study of 400 cases. Q J Med 1988;66: w25. Magill GB, Killough JH. Oxytetracycline-streptomycin therapy in brucellosis due to Brucella melitensis. AMA Arch Intern Med 1953;91: w26. McDevitt DG. Ampicillin in the treatment of brucellosis. A controlled therapeutic trial. Br J Ind Med 1970;27: w27. Najwa A, Khuri-Bulos NA, Daoud AH, Azab SM. Treatment of childhood brucellosis: results of a prospective trial on 113 children. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1993;12:

3 w28. Pandolfo G. tratamiento de la brucellosis con rifampicina. Studio de21 enfermos. Dia Med 1970;42: w29. Pappas G, Siozopoulou V, Akritidis N, Falagas ME. Doxycycline-rifampicin: physicians' inferior choice in brucellosis or how convenience reigns over science. J Infect 2007;54: w30. Perez-Gorricho B, Ripoll M. Does short-course antibiotic therapy better meet patient expectations? Int J Antimicrob Agents 2003; 21: w31. Rivero-Puente A, Maravi-Poma E, Garcia-Carasusan M, Lina-Cisoro L, Celador A, Uribarrena R, et al. [Brucellosis: study of 222 cases. V. Treatment]. Rev Clin Esp 1982;166: w32. Rizzo-Naudi J, Griscti-Soler N, Ganado W. Human brucellosis: an evaluation of antibiotics in the treatment of brucellosis. Postgrad Med J 1967;43: w33. Rodriguez M, Buzon L, Meseguer M, Martinez J. Rifampin as a single agent in the treatment of acute brucellosis in humans. Current chemotherapy and infectious diseases 1980: w34. Roushan MR, Soleimani Amiri MJ, Janmohammadi N, Soleimani Amiri S. Efficacy of gentamicin for 5 days plus doxycycline for eight weeks versus streptomycin for 2 weeks plus doxycycline for 45 days in the treatment of human brucellosis. 17th European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases; 2007 Munich, Germany. w35. Saltoglu N, Tasova Y, Inal AS, Seki T, Aksu HS. Efficacy of rifampicin plus doxycycline versus rifampicin plus quinolone in the treatment of brucellosis. Saudi Med J 2002;23: w36. Sanchez H, Luis M. Brucelosis humana: Estudio terapeutico / Human Brucellosis: therapeutic study. Lima; s.n 1988:63. w37. Sánchez H, Luis M, Guillén O. La asociación Tetraciclina y Rifampicina en el tratamiento de la brucelosis / Tetracycline and rifampin association in the treatment of brucellosis Bol Soc Peru Med Interna 1991;4:6-8. w38. Shehabi A, Shakir K, el-khateeb M, Qubain H, Fararjeh N, Shamat AR. Diagnosis and treatment of 106 cases of human brucellosis. J Infect 1990;20:5-10. w39. Solera J, Beato JL, Martinez-Alfaro E, Segura JC, de Tomas E. Azithromycin and gentamicin therapy for the treatment of humans with brucellosis. Clin Infect Dis 2001;32: w40. Solera J, Espinosa A, Geijo P, Martinez-Alfaro E, Saez L, Sepulveda MA, et al. Treatment of human brucellosis with netilmicin and doxycycline. Clin Infect Dis 1996;22:441-5.

4 w41. Solera J, Espinosa A, Martinez-Alfaro E, Sanchez L, Geijo P, Navarro E, et al. Treatment of human brucellosis with doxycycline and gentamicin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1997;41:80-4. w42. Vargas V, Pedreira JD, Clotet B, Juste C, Guardia J, Bacardi R. [Treatment of acute brucellosis with cotrimoxazole, doxycycline and streptomycin. A comparative study (author's transl)]. Med Clin (Barc) 1980;75: w43. Ariza J. tratamiento antimicrobiano actual de la brucellosis. Med Clin Barcelona 1983; 81: w44. Bertrand A, Jonquet O. Antibiotic treatment of brucellosis (author's transl). Sem Hop 1982;58: w45. Hall WH. Modern chemotherapy for brucellosis in humans. Rev Infect Dis 1990;12: w46. Lang R, Rubinstein E. Quinolones for the treatment of brucellosis. J Antimicrob Chemother 1992;29: w47. Pappas G, Seitaridis S, Akritidis N, Tsianos E. Treatment of brucella spondylitis: lessons from an impossible meta-analysis and initial report of efficacy of a fluoroquinolonecontaining regimen. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2004;24: w48. Solera J, Martinez-Alfaro E, Espinosa A. Recognition and optimum treatment of brucellosis. Drugs 1997;53: w49. Akalin H, Ünal S, Gür D, Baykal M. Ofloxacin in the treatment of brucellosis. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1990: w50. Georgiadis I. Treatment of brucellosis with Rocephin. Proceeding of the 12th international congress of chemotherapy; 1983; Vienna, Austria. w51. Kosmidis J. Ensayos clinicos comparativos en la brucelosis humana. Proc Int Meeting on Brucellosis, Madrid 1985: w52. Navarro A, Pachone J, Cuello JA, Viciana P, Lopez L, Carseado J. Brucellosis: estudio prospectivo del tratamiento con tetraciclinas, estreptomkana, y sulphadiacina en dos ciclos des 3 semanas. Enfermedades Infecciosas Microbiological Clinica 1984;2: w53. Cascio A, Scarlata F, Giordano S, Antinori S, Colomba C, Titone L. Treatment of human brucellosis with rifampin plus minocycline. J Chemother 2003;15: w54. Colmenero JD, Jimenez-Mejias ME, Sanchez-Lora FJ, Reguera JM, Palomino-Nicas J, Martos F, et al. Pyogenic, tuberculous, and brucellar vertebral osteomyelitis: a descriptive and comparative study of 219 cases. Ann Rheum Dis 1997;56:

5 w55. Pila Perez R, Basulto M, Hernandez Pupo O, Garcia Peoa J, del Sol Torres Vadella G. Estudio clinico de la brucelosis humana / Clinical study of human brucellosis Rev Med Urug 1997;13: w56. Sánchez H, Luis M, Guillén O, Quispe M, Salcedo E, Castillo G. Doxiciclina mas Rifampicina en el tratamiento de la brucelosis humana / Doxycicline and Rifampin in the treatment of Brucellosis. Bol Soc Peru Med Interna 1994;7: w57. Colmenero JD, Porras JJ, Valdivielso P, Porras JA, de Ramon E, Cause M, et al. Brucellosis: a prospective study of 100 cases. Med Clin (Barc) 1986;86:43-8. w58. Irmak H, Buzgan T, Karahocagil MK, Evirgen O, Akdeniz H, Demiroz AP. The effect of levamisole combined with the classical treatment in chronic brucellosis. Tohoku J Exp Med 2003;201: w59. Liu JB, Zhou WC, Wang QZ. [Clinical and experimental studies of supplemented sini san in treating chronic brucellosis]. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi 1997;17: w60. Mukovozova LA. [Comparative effectiveness of levamisole and vaccine in the complex treatment of patients with brucellosis]. Ter Arkh 1986;58:43-5. w61. Feng YM. Randomized controlled trial of six antibacterial methods in brucellosis. Endemic Diseases Collections. 1994;15:66. w62. Haddadi A, Mohraz M, Marefat M. A study of brucellosis treatment regimens in brucellosis patients in imam Khomeini hospital of Tehran. Iranian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine 2003;20: w63. Hashemi SH, Farshadi M. Comparison between doxycycline streptomycin and doxycycline rifampin drug regimens in the treatment of brucellosis. Program and abstracts of the 5th Iranian congress of infectious diseases and tropical medicine, Tehran, Iran 1996:45. w64. Rodriguez M, Gamo A, de la Morena J. Evaluation of several regimens for the treatment of brucellosis: rifampicin-doxycycline vs. streptomycin-doxycycline SEMER 1986: w65. Bertrand A. Estudio terapeutico en la brucelosis aguda mediante la asociaion doxiciclinarifampicina. International meeting on brucellosis, madrid w66. Ersoy Y, Sonmez E, Tevfik MR, But AD. Comparison of three different combination therapies in the treatment of human brucellosis 11th European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases; 2001; Istanbul, Turkey w67. Martinez-Luengas F, Montejo M, Alonso JJ, Inclan GM, Earron J, Alberola I. Treatment of brucellosis with rifampin plus doxyxycline versus trimetoprim sulfamethoxazole: first

6 report of a prospective study. Proceeding of the 12th International Congress of Chemotherapy. Florence, Italy: current chemotherapy and immunotherapy, 1981: w68. Estudio controlado prospectivo en la brucelosis aguda. International symposium on brucellosis; 1985; Madrid. Baquero Fand Buzon L, eds. w69. Solera J, Paulino J, Rodrigeuz-Zapata M, Geijo P, Medrano F, Jimenez-Zorzo F, et al. Multicentre comparative therapeutic trial of rifampicin and doxycycline versus streptomycin and doxycycline in human brucellosis. Primary evaluation results. Revista Espanola de Reumatologia 1992;19:219. w70. Solera J, Paulino J, Rodriguez M, Geijo P, Largo J, Grupo GECMEI. Brucellosis with osteoarticular involvement: Must it be treated in a diffrent way? Revista Espanola de Reumatologia. 1993;20:153. w71. Baquero F, Buzon L, editors. Comparacion de tres regimenes diferentes en el tratamiento de la brucelosis aguda. International Symposium on Brucellosis; 1985; Madrid. w72. Acocella G, Bertrand A, Beytout J, Durrande JB, Garcia Rodriguez JA, Kosmidis J, et al. Comparison of three different regimens in the treatment of acute brucellosis: a multicenter multinational study. J Antimicrob Chemother 1989;23:433-9.?this should be Dorado? see acknowledgments in full paper? w73. Ariza J, Gudiol F, Pallares R, Rufi G, Fernandez-Viladrich P. Comparative trial of rifampin-doxycycline versus tetracycline-streptomycin in the therapy of human brucellosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1985;28: w74. Ariza J, Gudiol F, Pallares R, Viladrich PF, Rufi G, Corredoira J, et al. Treatment of human brucellosis with doxycycline plus rifampin or doxycycline plus streptomycin. A randomized, double-blind study. Ann Intern Med 1992;117: w75. Bayindir Y, Sonmez E, Aladag A, Buyukberber N. Comparison of five antimicrobial regimens for the treatment of brucellar spondylitis: a prospective, randomized study. J Chemother 2003;15: w76. Colmenero Castillo JD, Hernandez Marquez S, Reguera Iglesias JM, Cabrera Franquelo F, Rius Diaz F, Alonso A. Comparative trial of doxycycline plus streptomycin versus doxycycline plus rifampin for the therapy of human brucellosis. Chemotherapy 1989;35: w77. Colmenero JD, Fernandez-Gallardo LC, Agundez JA, Sedeno J, Benitez J, Valverde E. Possible implications of doxycycline-rifampin interaction for treatment of brucellosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1994;38: w78. Dorado Pombo MS, Gutierrez RF, Coto LA, Gonzalez BA, Puche LN, Hidalgo VP. Estudio prospective randomizado de tres regimens terapeuticos en la brucellosis aguda,

7 rifampicina doxicilina, estreptomicina y cotrimoxazol. Congreso iberamericano de medicina interna y XVIII cogreso de la SEMI; 1988; Alicante, Spain.?Dorado w79. Ersoy Y, Sonmez E, Tevfik MR, But AD. Comparison of three different combination therapies in the treatment of human brucellosis. Trop Doct 2005;35: w80. Kosmidis J, Karagounis A, Tselentis J, Daikos GK. The combination rifampin doxycycline in brucellosis is better than the WHO regimen. Chemotherapia 1982;1:107. w81. Montejo JM, Alberola I, Glez-Zarate P, Alvarez A, Alonso J, Canovas A, et al. Open, randomized therapeutic trial of six antimicrobial regimens in the treatment of human brucellosis. Clin Infect Dis 1993;16: w82. Rodriguez Zapata M, Gamo Herranz A, De La Morena Fernandez J. Comparative study of two regimens in the treatment of brucellosis. Chemioterapia 1987;6: w83. Solera J, Medrano F, Rodriguez M, Geijo P, Paulino J. [A comparative therapeutic and multicenter trial of rifampicin and doxycycline versus streptomycin and doxycycline in human brucellosis]. Med Clin (Barc) 1991;96: w84. Solera J, Rodriguez-Zapata M, Geijo P, Largo J, Paulino J, Saez L, et al. Doxycyclinerifampin versus doxycycline-streptomycin in treatment of human brucellosis due to Brucella melitensis. The GECMEI Group. Grupo de Estudio de Castilla-la Mancha de Enfermedades Infecciosas. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1995;39: w85. Espinosa A, Solera J, Martinez-Alfaro E, Tirado R, Castillejos ML, Paterna P, et al. Doxycycline-gentamicin versus doxycycline-streptomycin in treatment of human brucellosis. 37th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 1997; Toronto, Ontario.?Epinosa w86. Roushan MR, Mohraz M, Hajiahmadi M, Ramzani A, Valayati AA. Efficacy of gentamicin plus doxycycline versus streptomycin plus doxycycline in the treatment of brucellosis in humans. Clin Infect Dis 2006;42: w87. Ranjbar M, Keramat F, Mamani M, Kia AR, Khalilian FO, Hashemi SH, et al. Comparison between doxycycline-rifampin-amikacin and doxycycline-rifampin regimens in the treatment of brucellosis. Int J Infect Dis 2007;11: w88. Ariza J, Gudiol F, Pallares R, Rufi G, Fernandez-Viladrich P. Comparative trial of cotrimoxazole versus tetracycline-streptomycin in treating human brucellosis. J Infect Dis 1985;152: w89. Buzon L, Bouza E, Rodriguez M. Treatment of brucellosis with rifampicin+tetracycline vs TMP/SMZ. A prospective and randomized study. Chemioterapia 1982;1:221.

8 w90. Feiz JM, Sabbaghian H, Sohrabi F. A comparative study of therapeutic agents used for treatment of acute brucellosis. Br J Clin Pract 1973;27: w91. Lang R, Dagan R, Potasman I, Einhorn M, Raz R. Failure of ceftriaxone in the treatment of acute brucellosis. Clin Infect Dis 1992;14: w92. Lang R, Raz R, Sacks T, Shapiro M. Failure of prolonged treatment with ciprofloxacin in acute infections due to Brucella melitensis. J Antimicrob Chemother 1990;26: w93. Agalar C, Usubutun S, Turkyilmaz R. Ciprofloxacin and rifampicin versus doxycycline and rifampicin in the treatment of brucellosis. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1999;18: w94. Karabay O, Sencan I, Kayas D, Sahin I. Ofloxacin plus rifampicin versus doxycycline plus rifampicin in the treatment of brucellosis: a randomized clinical trial [ISRCTN ]. BMC Infect Dis 2004;4:18. w95. Lubani MM, Dudin KI, Sharda DC, Ndhar DS, Araj GF, Hafez HA, et al. A multicenter therapeutic study of 1100 children with brucellosis. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1989;8:75-8. w96. Roushan MR, Smailnejad Gangi SM, Janmohammadi N, Soleimani Amiri MJ. Efficacy of cotrimoxazole plus rifampin for six and eight weeks of therapy in childhood brucellosis. 15th European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases; 2005 april 2-5; Copenhagen, Denmark. w97. Solera J, Geijo P, Largo J, Rodriguez-Zapata M, Gijon J, Martinez-Alfaro E, et al. A randomized, double-blind study to assess the optimal duration of doxycycline treatment for human brucellosis. Clin Infect Dis 2004;39: w98. Akova M, Uzun O, Akalin HE, Hayran M, Unal S, Gur D. Quinolones in treatment of human brucellosis: comparative trial of ofloxacin-rifampin versus doxycycline-rifampin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1993;37: w99. Kalo T, Novi S, Nushi A, Dedja S. Ciprofloxacin plus doxycycline versus rifampicin plus doxycycline in the treatment of acute brucellosis. Med Mal Infect 1996;26: w100. Roushan MR, Gangi SM, Ahmadi SA. Comparison of the efficacy of two months of treatment with co-trimoxazole plus doxycycline vs. co-trimoxazole plus rifampin in brucellosis. Swiss Med Wkly 2004;134:564-8.