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1 Acarologia A quarterly journal of acarology, since 1959 Publishing on all aspects of the Acari All information: acarologia@supagro.inra.fr Acarologia is proudly non-profit, with no page charges and free open access Please help us maintain this system by encouraging your institutes to subscribe to the print version of the journal and by sending us your high quality research on the Acari. Subscriptions: Year 2018 (Volume 58): Previous volumes ( ): 250 / year (4 issues) Acarologia, CBGP, CS 30016, MONTFERRIER-sur-LEZ Cedex, France The digitalization of Acarologia papers prior to 2000 was supported by Agropolis Fondation under the reference ID through the «Investissements d avenir» programme (Labex Agro: ANR-10-LABX ) Acarologia is under free license and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons-BY-NC-ND which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

2 EULAELAPS ST ABULARIS (КОСН, 1839) AND EULAELAPS OUDEMANSI TURK, 1945 (MESOSTIGMATA : HAEMOGAMASIDAE) ВУ К. UCНIKAWA * and G. RACK ** ABSTRACT Ап E~tlaelaps mite population in stra\v at Holm пеаг \i\tedel, Holstein, \i\test Germany, comprised t\vo valid species. Тllеу аге designated as E~tlaelaps stabula1'is (Кос11, 1839) and E~tlaelaps o~tdema1~si Turk, 1945, and redescribed. ZUSAlIIMENFASSUNG Eine Population der Milben-Gattung E2tlaelaps, die in Holm bei vvedel, Holstein, \i\testdeutscbland gefunden wurde, setzt sic11 aus zwei Spezies zusammen. Sie wurden a1s E~tlaelaps stab~tlaris (Косll, 1839) und E~tlaelaps oudema1tsi Turk, 1945 bestimmt und wiederbescmieben. Gamasus stabularis Koch is approved as the generic type of the genus Eulaelaps Berlese, As the original description of the mite, which was made in 1839, and neither in 1836 пог in 1840 as cited in тапу authors (COOREMAN i1t litt.), is insufficient, ambiguous understandings of its morphology prevail among acarologists in the world. Recent1y, ап advanced study of the E~tlaelaps mites was made in China (WEN, 1976). Ап accurate morphology of Е. stabularis is necessary for the clarification of апу regional Eulaelaps fauna. Although the description and drawing were unsatisfactory, КОСИ (1839) wrote that stab~tlaris was found in а great питьег оп damp places under straw in а stall and а kennel. The present authors presumed that ап E~tlaelaps mite occurring in such habitat as described Ьу КОСИ in central Еигоре should Ье identical with type materials of G. stabularis, which were not available for them. They examined ап Eulaelaps mite population represented Ьу 63 specimens labelled as Е. stabularis, taken from straw at Holm пеаг \i\тedel, Holstein, West Germany, and found that these mites comprised the two different forms, опе being essentially similar to Е. stabularis in EVANS and TILL (1966) and the other according with OUDEMANS' (1914) Hypoaspis stabularis * Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan. ** Zoological Institute and Zoological Museum of Hamburg University, Hamburg, \i\test Germany. Acarologia, t. хх, fasc. 2, 1978.

3 -.,.,.,- posterior pore FIGs. 1-4 : Eulaelaps stabularis (Koch) (А) and Eulaelaps oudemansi Turk (В), female. 1) Chelae; 2) Venter; З) Epistome; 4) Peritrematal shield. А and В in the same scale.

4 that was thought to Ье ап important source for better understanding of Е. stabularis before (Vпzтнuм, 1925). The present authors incline to think that the former form is the true Е. stabularis. Defi.nite morphological accounts for such assumption were repeatedly presented before Oudemans' (ТRЛ GA.RDH, 1912), and тапу present acarologists (ВЛКЕR et аг., 1956; Bregetova, 1956; DOMROW, 1960; WEN, 1976) have accepted forms hardly separable from this form as Е. stabttlaris. The latter form is also regarded as а valid species that has Ьееп confused with Е. stabularis since Oudemans' (1914). As TURK (1945) presented the пате, Eulaelaps oudemansi, for the nymph of Oudemans' Н. stabttlaris, it is appropriate to adopt this пате extensively for the latter form. The present рарег deals with the redescription of Е. stabularis (Koch) and Е. oudema1tsi Turk for eliminating misunderstandings of the generic type, Е. stabularis. Ettlaelaps stabularis (Koch, 1839) (Figs. 1-8 А) Gamasus stabttlaris Koch, 1839, Deutschl. С. М.А. fasc. 27, по. 1. Eulaelaps arcualis (Koch) Tragardh, 1912, Arch. Zool. ехр. gen. 8 : 577, fi.gs Eulaelaps stabttla1'is : Vitzthum, 1925, Jen. Z. Naturwiss. 62 : 162. Bregetova, 1956, Opred. Faune SSSR. 61 : 100 (in part). Evans and ТЩ 1966, ВиН. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Zool., 14 : 260, fi.g. 61. Domrow, 1960, Acarologia, 2 : 436, fi.g. 2. \iyen, 1976, Acta Ent. Sinica, 19 : 348, fi.gs. 5, 15, 24, 30. FЕМЛLЕ (Figs. 1-4, А). Measurements were taken from 5 specimens, and presented as means follo\ved Ьу ranges in parentheses. G1tatltosoma. Cheliceral segments r and II 94.5 (90-98) fl and ( ) fl lollg, respectively; movable digit 69.0 (68-73) fl, bidentate (Fig. 1 А). Deutosternum (= capitular groove) \vith 9-10 rows of conspicuous denticles; each row \vith 6-7 denticles. Postero-external rostral setae 62.5 (60-65) fl apart and capitural setae 87.0 (85-88) fl apart. Epistome with about 6 fi.ne, simple processes (Fig. 3, А). Corniculi 63.0 (60-65) fl long. Idiosoma. Length ( ) fl; width ( ) fl. Dorsal shield ( ) fl long, ( ) fl wide, granular and reticulated, heavily covered \vith smooth setae. Tritosternum with base, 43.0 (38-50) fl, and laciniae, ( ) fl. Sternal shield ( ) fl long and ( ) fl \vide at level of setae st 2 ; setae st (95-100) fl apart; distance between st 1 and stз ( ) fl. Genitovelltral shield with conspicuous lateral incisions posterior to genital setae ; maximum width ( ) fl; striae оп posterior and postero-lateral portions prominent, reticulated with waved lines ; 62.9 (60-68) opisthogastric setae present. А pair of setae between genito-ventral and metapodal shields, and а pair of pores off genito-ventral shield at level of incisions. Anal shield 96.1 (90-100) fl long from anterior margin to base of postanal seta and ( ) fl wide ; paranal setae 74.0 (70-78) fl, postanal seta 85.0 (80-90) fl long. Peritreme extending to posterior third of соха I ; peritrematal shield swollen and truncated posteriorly; striae simple ; posterior роге small (Fig. 4, А). Legs. Hypertrophy of ventral setae оп tarsi П, rп and rv not prominent. Average length/ width in microns of leg segments : genu tibia tarsus I 140.0/ / /55.5 п 120.0/ / /51.0 II! 98.0/ / /47.5 IV 140.0/ ,0/ /46.5

5 МЛLЕ (Figs. 5-7, А). Two specimens were examined. Gnathosoma. Cheliceral segments I, fl, and П, fl ; movable digit fl; spermadactyl barely surpassing tip of movable digit and its tip weakly slant. Deutosternum with rows of denticles. Postero-external rostral setae fl apart ; capitural setae fl apart. Corniculi fl long. Epistome as in female, but marginal processes weak. 1 diosoma. Length fl; width fl. Dorsal shield covering whole dorsum. Tritosternum with base, 45 fl, and laciniae, 105 fl long. Holoventral shield fl long and fl wide, covering venter widely but leaving soft integument marginally, bearing opisthogastric setae; setae st fl apart and distance between st 1 and stз fl. Paranal setae not measured ; postanal seta 58 fl long. Peritrematal shield and posterior роге as in female, but peritreme not reaching to соха I. Legs. Ventral setae оп distal segments of leg П as in Fig. 7, А. Length/width in microns of leg segments : genu tibia tarsus I 119.0/ / /44.0 п 104.0/ / /44.0 IП 86.5/ / /39.0 IV 116.5/ / /38.0 DEUTONYMPH (Fig. 8, А). Four specimens were examined. Measurements аге presented as а range taken from 3 specimens. Gnathosoma. Cheliceral segments I, fl, and П, fl; movable digit fl. Deutosternum with 10 rows of denticles. Postero-external rostral setae fl and capitural setae fl apart. Corniculi fl Idios01na. Length fl; width fl. Dorsal shield with а pair of deep lateral incisions at demarcation of pronotal and opisthonotal regions; fl long and fl wide at level slightly anterior to lateral incisions ; about 55 setae each оп pronotal and opisthonotal regions of the shield. Opisthonotal setae оп the shield distributed laterally and posteriorly, and only 3 pairs of submedian setae and а single pair of setae laterad from first submedian setae present оп antero-median part. Tritosternum with base, fl, and laciniae, fl. Sternito-genital shield fl long from basal level of setae st 1 to posterior margin ; setae st 2 bearly оп the shield fl apart. Metapodal shields small and subcircular. Anal shield fl long and fl wide, with straight anterior margin ; paranal setae fl long, and postanal seta fl long. Peritreme extending to posterior level of соха I ; peritrematal shield very weakly developed; posterior роге very small, hardly visible. This deutonymph is not identical with that in Oudemans (1914).. ivi aterial examined. Т"уо males, 12 females and 4 deutonymphs from straw, Holm near Wedel, Holstein NW Germany, 25-XI-1960, Ch. Sebelin. Eulaelaps o~tdemansi Turk, 1945 (Figs. 1-8, В) Hypoaspis stabularis (Koch, 1836) Oudemans, 1914, Arch. Naturgesch. 79 А : 189, figs Eulaelaps oudemansi Turk, 1945, Parasitology 36 : 137. FEMALE (Figs. 1-4, В). Measurements were based оп 5 specimens. Gnathosoma. Cheliceral segments Т, 99.5 (95-110) fl, and П, ( ) fl; movable digit 72.5 (70-78) fl. Deutosternum with rows of conspicuous denticles; each row with

6 O.2mm 78 FIGS. 5-7: Eulaelaps stabularis (Koch) (А) and Eulaelaps oudemmzsi Turk (В), male. 5) Chelae and spermadactyl; 6) Holoventral shield; 7) Leg П. А and В in the same scale.

7 denticles. Postero-external rostral setae 74.5 (70-78)!1. apart ; capitural setae 93.5 (90-98)!1. apart. Epistome with about 9 strong, dentated processes (Fig. 3, В). Corniculi 69.0 (65-73)!1. long. Idiosoma. Length ( )!1.; width ( )!1.' Dorsal shield ( )!1. long and ( )!1. wide, granular and reticulated, heavily covered with smooth setae. Tritosternum with base, 55.0 (50-58)!1., and laciniae, ( )!1.' Sternal shield ( )!1.1ong and ( )!1. wide at level of setae st 2 ; setae st ( )!1. apart ; distance between st 1 and st з ( )!1.. Genito-ventral shield with lateral depressions ог very narrow invaginations, but lacking deep incisions posterior to genital setae ; maximum width ( )!1.; striae оп posterior portion prominent, reticulated with strongly waved lines; 82.7 (74-93) opisthogastric setae present. Setae absent between genito-ventral and metapodal shields. Anal shield (98-118)!1. long from anterior margin to base of postanal seta and ( )!1. wide ; paranal setae 87.0 (83-93)!1., postanal seta 64.0 (60-70)!1. long. Peritrematal shield very \veakly swol1en posteriorly ; striae complicated; posterior роге large (Fig. 4, В). Legs. Hypertrophy of ventral setae оп tarsi П, IП and IV weak. Average length/\vidth in microns of leg segments : genu tibia tarsus / / /55.0 п 135.0/ / /55.5 ПI 111.0/ / /50.0 IV 156.5/ / /48.0 МЛLЕ (Figs. 5-7, В). Seven specimens \уеге examined, and measurements were based оп 5 specimens. G1zаtlюsоmа. Cheliceral segments 1, 75.3 (71-80)!1., and П, ( )!1.; movable digit 69.0 (65-75)!1.; spermadactyl distinct1y surpassing tip of movable digit and its tip slant. Deutosternum with rows of denticles. Postero-external rostral setae 68.5 (68-70)!1. apart ; capitural setae 74.0 (70-75)!1. apart. Corniculi 62.0 (58-68)!1. long. Epistome as in female, but developed тоге weakly. Idiosoma. Length ( )!1.; width ( )!1.. Dorsal shield covering whole dorsum. Tritosternum with base, 43.0 (38-50)!1., and laciniae, ( )!1. long. Holoventral shield (Fig. 6, В) ( )!1.1ong and ( )!1. wide, strongly expanded posterior to сохае IV but leaving soft integument marginal1y, bearing 69 (64-72) opisthogastric setae; setae st (88-100)!1. apart; setae st 1 and st з ( )!1. apart; paranal setae 53.8 (53-55)!1. and postanal seta 53.0 (53-53)!1. long. Peritrematal shield and posterior роге as in female. Legs. Ventral setae оп distal segments of leg П as in Fig. 7, В. Average length/width in rnicrons of leg segments : genu tibia tarsus / / /49.0 п 120.0/ / /48.5 ПI 102.5/ / /43.0 IV 141.5/ / /42.0 DEUTONYMPH (Fig. 8, В). оп 2 specimens. Five specimens were examined, and measurements were based

8 G1~atl~osoma. Cheliceral segments 1, [L, and П, [L; movable digit [L. Deutosternum.vith rows of denticles. Postero-external rostral setae [L apart and capitural setae [L apart. Corniculi [L. 88 FIG. 8 : Eulaelaps stabularis (Koch) (А) and Eulaelaps OUdema11Si Turk (В), dепtопуmрh. Dоrsпm and anal shield. Idiosoma. Length [L; width [L. Dorsal shield [L long and [L.vide at demarcation of pronotal and opisthonotal regions. А suture is present between pronotal and opisthonotal regions оп ан the examined specimens, and it is not clear whether the dorsal shield is divided into 2 shields ог it possesses а pair of deep incisions as in Е. stabularis. About 80 setae each оп shield anterior and posterior to suture; setae оп opisthonotal region ubiquitous оп shield, but slightly denser posteriorly. Tritosternum ''1ith base, [L, and laciniae, [L. Sternito-genital shield [L long from basallevel of setae st 1 to posterior margin ; setae st [L" apart. lvietapodal shield smah and subcircular. Anal shield [L long and [L wide ; anterior margin convex ; paranal setae [L long, and postanal seta [L long. Peritreme extending to posterior third of соха 1 : peritrematal shield developed

9 weakly ; posterior pore conspicuous, subequal to or only slightly smaller than stigmata in diameter. This deutonymph is not separable from that of Н. stabularis (Fig. 23б in Oudemans (1914)). М aterial examined. Seven males, 43 females and 5 deutonymphs, from straw, Holm near Wedel, Holstein, NW Germany, 25-ХI - 19БО, Ch. Sebelin. FIG. 9 : Protonymphs. Dorsum. REMARK. Two very fragile specimens of the protonymph were contained but not identified. A1though their detailed morphology was not clearly studied, the dorsal setation differed from each other оп the 2 specimens as drawn in Fig. 9. The dorsum of the опе mite (Fig. 9, А) тау Ье identical with that in Oudemans' Fig. 7 (OUDEMANS, 1914), but the present authors believe that this type of the dorsum is for Е. stab~tlaris. And the second type as dravvn in Fig. 9, В is probably that of Е. oudema1zsi. The пате Е. Mtdemansi was givel1 for the tritonymph (= deutonymph) only (TURK, 1945). The present authors include the adu1t of Oudemans' Н. stab~tlaris in Е. оudетащi, but the protonymph in OUDEMANS is presumed not to correspond to his deutonymph and adu1t. DISCUSSION As so тапу different forms have Ьееп lumped under Е. stabularis, some acarologists тау Ье reluctant to define the morphology of the mite strict1y and to differentiate Е. о~tdетащi from Е. stabularis. The concomitancy of the two forms in the straw тау suggest the presence of polymorphism in both sexes. The differences in the genito-ventral shield, peritrematal shield and posterior pore, epistome, number of denticle rows in deutosternum, relative length of paranal and postanal setae and in spermadactyl are sufficient to separate the t\'10 mites as valid species.

10 And clear but not remarkable differences as described above are not ascribable to polymorphism for mesostigmatid mites considering the cases of SPi1~t~tr1~ix (DOlVIROW, 1972) and lealapid mites. Е. stabularis and Е. oudema1~si probably have а sympatric speciation. The distinctive differences in the setation and hypertrichy оп the dorsal shield as well as the structure of the posterior pore and anal shield in the deutonymph and the existence of the t,vo types of the protonymph also confirm the validity of both species. А vast,rariation in the idiosomal size of Е. stabularis has been made ир through ambiguous understandings of the true mite. The range of idiosomal size for an E1-tlaelaps mite is not varied so remarkably according to trophic status or gravidity. Such the ranges as [.1. to 770 [.1. (VIТZTHUM, 1925), 1100 [.1. to 700 [.1. (BREGETOVA, 1956) and more than 1000 [.1. to 700 [.1. (\VEN, 1976) suggest that Е. stabularis in papers of many authors are not conspecific. VIТZTHUM (1925) paid attention to this variation but did not present persuasive interpretations. WEN (1976), оп the other hand, regarded former Е. stab~tlaris as а species-complex. Contrarily to the complete similarity in any partial structure of the males of Е. stab~tlaris from England (EVANS and TILL, 1966) and vvest Germany, difference in the idiosomal size for the both vvas noticeable, certainly beyonding the range of the intraspecific variation. Only two, considerably well chitinized specimens from Germany vvere available in the present study. Comparing vvith the size of Е. o~tdema1~si males, the size of German stab~tlaris males seems to Ье moderate, while that of England male (dorsal shield, 582 [.1. х 348 [.1. in EVANS and TILL, 1966) is too small. VVEN (1976) adopted the structure and striation pattern of the peritrematal shield as one of the differential characters of Eulaelaps mites. The present authors also notice that the peritremaria is small in fewer species, while it is large in more species, inclusive of J apanese Eulaelaps. TRAGA.RDH (1912) noted that stigma or stigma shaped depression (= posterior pore) close to posterior margin of peritrematal shield was much smaller in Е. arcualis, vvhich vvas synonymized with Е. stab~tlaris in the present paper, than the ordinary one. This suggests that European acarologists before TRAGA.RDH (1912) accepted Е. Иtdеmа1~si or mites allied to it as Е. stabularis. The designation of the above redescribed type instead of Е. oudema1~si type as Е. stabularis тау Ье expedient means based оп understandings that have prevailed among leading acarologists since TRAGA.RDH (1912). Eulaelaps mites are blood-suckers and predators, and live in,rarious habitats. They often associate with birds and mammals and their nests. Some mites found оп particular animals show specific morphology. It is necessary to examine these mites as well as those described and, then, synonymized with Е. stab~tlaris thoroughly with а concept that they are possibly distil1ctive species. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS T11e senior author is grateful to Dr. А. FAIN, 1nstitute of Tropical Medecine, Prince Leopold, Belgium, and to Мг. J. COOREMAN, Royal 1nstitute о! National Sciences, Belgium, for а сору of Dr. С. L. КОСИ'S рарег and {ог suggestion о! t11e exact data of pubjication of the рарег. ADDENDUM : Besides of the deutonymphs described in this рарег two small deutonymp11s were observed. Опе deutonymph (idiosomal size 640 х 400 [.1.) wit11 the characters of Е. stabularis, the ot11er (idiosomal size 700 х 460 [.1.) wit11 those of Е. oudemansi. 1п ан probability t11e differences in size аге sex-linked, both species have а great female deutonymph and а small male deutonymph.

11 REFERENCES BAKER (Е. W.), EVANS (Т. М.), GOULD (D. ].), HULL (W. В.) & KEEGAN, (Н. L.) А manual of parasitic mites of medical or economic importance. - Nat. Pest Control Assoc., New York : BREGETOVA (N. G.), Gamasid mites (Gamasoidea). - Opred. Faune SSSR, 61 : DOMROW (К), Some Acarina Haemogamasidae from Malaya. - Acarologia, 2 (4) : DOMROW (К), Acari Spinturnicidae from Australia and New Guinea. - Acarologia, 13 (4) : EVANS (G. о.) & TrLL (W. М. ), Studies оп t11e British Dermanyssidae (Acari : Mesostigmata). Part п. Classification. - ВиН. Brit. Mus. (nat. Hist.) (Zool.), 14 (5) : Косн (С. L.), Gamas~ts stab~tlaris. - Dtsclll. Crust. Myr. и. Аrас1ш., Н. 27, по. 1. OUDEMANS, (А. С.), Acarologisches aus Maulwurfsnestern. - Arc11. Naturgesc11., 79 А (1913) (8) : TR.AGARDH (1.), Biospeologica, ххп. Acari (first series). - Arc11. Zool. Exper. Gen., (5), 8 : TURK (F. А. ), Studies of Acari. Second series : descriptions of new species and notes оп establis11ed forms of parasitic mites. - Parasitol., 36 : Vпzтнuм (Н.), Die unterirdisc11e Acarofauna. - Jena. Z. Naturw., 62 : WEN (Т. ), А new subfamily, Eu1aelapinae \Ven, and tllree new species of tlle genus E~tlaelaps Berlese (Gamasides : Haemogamasidae). - Acta Ent. Sinica, 19 (3) : Раn, еn Mars I979.