bt jjournal.of THIt EAST AFRICA AND \ UGANDA CONTENTS BRITISH TERRITORIES IN EAST AFRICA. Special Supplement No.3...

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "bt jjournal.of THIt EAST AFRICA AND \ UGANDA CONTENTS BRITISH TERRITORIES IN EAST AFRICA. Special Supplement No.3..."

Transcription

1 bt jjournal.of THIt EAST AFRICA AND \ UGANDA NAIURALHISTORY SOCIETY, May, Special Supplement No.3... CONTENTS CHECK LIST OF THE REPTILIA RECORDED FROM THE BRITISH TERRITORIES IN EAST AFRICA. BY ARTHUR LOVERIDGE, F.E.S., c.m.z.s. EDITOR DR. V. G. L. VANI SOMEREN. Additional copies: to members, Sh5. 3/-, to non-members, Sh5. 6/6.

2 The East Africa and Uganda NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY v.lay, Special Supplement No. PATRONS. SIR EDWARD NORTHEY, G.C.M.G. SIR F. J. JACKSON, M.G., C.B., etc. SIR E. P. C. GIROUARD, M.G., R.J~.,D.S.O. SIR HESKETH BELL, M.G. PRESIDENT. HIS EXCELLENCY, SIR ROBERT CORYNDON, M.G. VICE-PRESIDENTS. HON. E. B. DENHAM, C.M.G.. B.A., OXON. A. B. PERCIVAL, ESQ.. F.Z.S.. M.B.O. EX. COMMITTEE. E. BA TTISCOMBE, ESQ., F.L.s., ASSOC.ARBOR.SOC. Rev. CANON ST. A. ROGERS, M.A. OXON.. F.E.S. CAPT. K. F. T. CALDWELL, B.A. CAM., F.Z.S., F.R.G.S. CAPT. A. T. A. RITCHIE, M.B.O., F.Z.S. C. J. WILSON, ESQ., ~[.A., M.B., B CH.. M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., M.C. R. F. MAYER, ESQ., C.c.!., M.LJ. A. J. JEX-BLAKE, ESQ., M.D., F.R.C.P.Ln. C. J. J. T. BARTON, ESQ., M.A., CAlVl.,F.R.A.I. HON. TREASURER. REv. J. WESLEY HUNT, F.E.S. HON. SECRETARY. V. G. L. VAN SOMEREN, L.R.C.P. & s., L.R.F.P. & S'.' L.D.S., F.L.S., M.B.O., C.F.A.O.. F.E.S., C.M.Z.S., &C. HON. EDITOR OF JOURNAL. DR. V. G. L. VAN SOMEREN.

3 CHECK LIST OF THE REPTILIA RECORDED FROM THE BRITISH TERRITORIES IN EAST AFRICA. BY AR1'HUR LOVI~RIDGEJ F.E.S., C,M.Z.S.

4 REPTILIA CHECK LIST OF THE FROM RECORDED THE BRITISH TERRITORIES IN EAST AFRICA. BY ARTHUR LOVERIDGE, F. E. S., C. M. Z. S. For the sake of brevity the references of all species appearing in the accompanying list which are also mentioned in Dr. G. A. Boulenger's "Catalogues", have teel1 omitted, and for the others the only reference given is that of the publication in which the description of the species first appeared. Those who desire keys to assist in the determination of the species are referred to Dr. Boulenger's "List of the Snakes- of East Africa," 2. and the present writer's "List of the Lizards of British Territories in East Africa," 3. and "Notes on East African Tortoises." 4. The chameleons still require much study and considerable collecting on account of their local distrib'ltion. It is probable that many synonyms require eliminating from the present list of these creatures.* Some 309 reptiles are recorded here as be:ng found in the area under consideration; of these, 2 are crocodiles, 13 tortoises or turtles, 139 snakes, 114 lizards and 41 chameleons'. The distribution, as far as it is at present known, may be divided as follows:- Uganda. Kenya Colony. Tanganyia Temtorv. Zanzibar. CrocodiIe~ I Tortoises Snakes. S Lizards Chameleons Totals ~ 46 * I. Catalogue of the Chelonians in the British Museum. 188g. Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum. 18gg-18g6. Catalogue of the Lizards in the British Mnseum Pree. Zoot. Soc pp Proc. Zoot. Soc PP t. Proc. Zoot. Soc pp. 930"933

5 2 Though Tanganyika Territory is much the larger area, I am inclined to think th~t it is rather because this region has been more thoro:.tghly worked that the number of species recorded is so much greater than from tile neighbouring territories. The record of a crocodile for Zanzibar is based on the appearance of a single individual in a cave formed in the coral limestone dff of the sea-shore. The event has been reported on by Dr. Anders, elsewhere. The rep~ile was doubtless washed out to sea from one of the coast mainland rivers during the rains. ORDER EMYDOSAURIA. CROCODILIDAE. Crocodilus cataphractus, (Cuv.) Long-nosed Crocodile. Crocodilus niloticus, (Laur). African Crocodile. Z. ORDER CHELONIA. TESTUDINIDAE. Cinixys belliana, (Gray.) Bell's Hinged Tortoise. Z. Testudo pardalis, ( Bell. ) Leopard Tortoise. Testudo procterae, (Loveridge.) Keeled Soft-shelled Tortoise. T.r. Love. Proc. Zool. Soc p Testudo tornied, (Siebenrock.) Tornier's Tortoise. Sieb. S. B. Ak. Wiss. Wien. Vol. II2. p Testudo loveridgii, (BIgr). Soft-shelled Land Tortoise. Blgr. Compo rend. Acad. -Sci. t. 170, p PELOMEDUSIDAE. Sternothaerus sinuatus. (Smith). Sternothaerus nigricans, (Donnd). Sternothaerus derbianus, (Gray). Pelomedusa galeata, (Schoepf!). Smith's Wate'r Tortoise. Black Water Tortoise. K. C. T. T. Z. Derby's Water Tortoise.

6 3 CHELONIDAE. Chelone mydas, (Linn). Green Turtle. Chelone impricata, (Linn). Hawksbill Turtle. Thalassochelys caretta, (Linn). Loggerhead Turtle. Z. Z. TRIONYCHIDAE. Trionyx triunguis, (Forskal). Soft-shelled Fresh Water Tortoise. Victoria Nyanza. ORDER SUB-ORDER SQUAMATA. TYPHLOPIDAE. OPHIDIA. Typhlops gracilis, (Stern). Stem. Mitth. Zoo!. Mus. Bed. v. p. 70, Typhlops braminus, (Daud). Brown Blind Snake. Probably introduced from S. Asia by human agency. TypWops platyrhynchus, (Ste'rnf). Sternf. Mitth. Zool. Mus. Berl. v. p. />9, Typhlops tornieri, (Stern ). Tornier's Blind Snake. Sternf. Mitth. Z001. Mus. Berl. v. p. />9, 19IO. Typhlops mandensis, (Stej). Manda Island Blind Snake. Typhlops gierrae, (Mocq). Mocquard. Bull. Mus. Paris, p. 1::12, Typhlops exentricus, (Procter). Procter. Ann. Mag. Nat. Rist. Ser. 9, Vol. IX. p. 685 June, 192::1. Typhlops mossambicus, (Peters). Mozamb'que Blind Snake. Typhlops punctatus, (Leach). Spotted Blind Snake. Typhlops' schlegelii, (Bianc). Schlegel's Blind Snake. Typhlops dinga, (Peters).

7 4 Typhlops muc'ruso, (Peters). Typhlops paliidus, (Cope). Pallid Blind Snake. Typhlops lumbriciformis, (Peters). Typhlops unitaeniatus, (Peter~). Z. Z. Z. z. GLADCONIDAE. Glauconia distanti, (Blgr). Distant's Blind Snake. Glauconia merkeri, (Werner). Merker's Blind Snake. Wern. ]ahresh. Vel'. Nat. Wurttemb. IXV. p. 61, Glauconia emini, (Blgr). Emin's Blind Snake. Glauconia boulengeri, (Boettg). Boulenger's Blind Snake. Boettg. in Voeltzkoff, Reise OIStafl',iii. p Glauconia conjuncta, (Jan). Glauconia b'raueri, (Sternf). Brauer's Blind Snake. Stemi. Mitth. Zoo!. Mus. Ber!. v. p. 70, D.- BOIDAE. Python sebae, (Gmel). African Python. Eryx thebaicus, (Reuss). East African Sand Boa. D. Z. COLDBRIDAE. A. Aglypha. Tropidonotus olivaceus, (Peters). Olive Grass Snake. K. C. T. T. Glypholycus bicolor, (Gunth). T. T. Bothropthalmus lineatus, (Peters). Z. Boodon infernalis, (Gunth). Olive-brown House Snake. T. T. Z. Boodon virgatus, (Hall). T. T. Boodon lineatus, (Dum. and Bib.) Brown House Snake. K. C. T. T. Z. Boodon olivaceus, (A. Dum.) Olive House Snake. Lycophidium meleag'ris, (B1gr). T. T. Lycophidium acutirostre. (Gunth). Sharp-nosed Wolf Snake. T. T. Z. Lycophidium capense, (Smith). Cape Wolf S--ake. Z. Lycophidium jacksoni, (BIgr). Jackson's Wolf Snake. K. C. T. T.

8 Lycophidium semicinetum, (Dum. and Bib.) Hormonotus modestus, (Dum. and Bib.) Simocephalus butleri, (BIgr). Butler's File Snake. Blgr. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. p. 489, rcp7. 5 Simocephalus capensis, (Smith). Cape File Snake. Simocephalus chanleri, (Stej). Chanler's File Snake. Simocephalus unicolor, (Blgr). Kenya File Snake. Simocephalus poensis, (Smith). Simocephalus nyassae. (Gunth). Nyasaland File Snake. Z. Pseudaspis cana, (Linn). Mole Snake. T.T Zamenis florulentus, (Geoffr). Flowered Snake. Chlorophis emini, (Gunth). Emin's Green Snake. Chlorophis schubotzi, (Sternf). Stemf. in Schubotz, Wiss. Ergebn. p. 269, r918. Chlorophis hoplogaster, (Gunth). Green Snake. Chlorophis macrops, (Blgr). Chlorophis neglectus, (Peters). East African Green Snake. Chlorophis heterolepidotus, (Gunth). Strange-scaled Green Snake. Chlo'rophis irregularis, (Leach). Northern Green Snake. Philothamnus semivariegatus, (Smith). Bush Snake. Z. Gastropyxis smaragdina, (Schleg). Gastropyxis orientalis, ( Werner). Wem. Jahresh. Ver. Nat. Wurt. lxv. p. 55, Hapsidophrys lineata, (Fischer). Thrasops rothschild, (Mocq). Mocq. Bull..Paris, p. 286, Rhamnnophis jacksoni, (Gunth). Coronella semiornata, (Peters). Coronella regularis, (Fisch). CO'ronellascheffieri, (Sternf). Stem. Sitz. Ges. Nat. Fr. BerI. p. 93, Grayia smythii, (Leach). Grayia tholloni, (Mocq). Mocq. Bull. Soc. Philom. (8) ix. p. II, r897. Homalosoma lutrix, (Linn). Prosymna ambigua, (Bocage). Grey-Spotted Coppery Snake. Prosymna bocagii, (Blgr). Bocage's Coppery Snake. Blgr. Ann. add Mag. N.H. (6) xix. p. 278, fig u. Z. T T 7.

9 Prosymna variabilis, (Werner). Variable Coppery Snake. Werner, Jahr, Nat. Ver. Wurtemb. IXV. p. 57, Scaphiophis albopunctatus, (Pete'rs). Dasypeltis scabra, (Linn). African Egg-eating Snake. 6 COLUBRIDAE. B. Opisthoglypha. Geodipsas procterae, (Loveridge). Procter's Snake. Love. Proc. Z001. Soc. 1922, p Geodipsas vauerocegae, Tornier). Tom. Zoo1. Anz. xxv. p Tarbophis semiannulatus, (Smith). African Tiger Snake. Ta'rbophis guentheri, (Anders). Dipsadomorphus blandingii, (Hallow). Leptodira hotamboeia, (Laur). Red-lipped Snake. Leptodira degeni, (Blgr). Degen's Snake. BIgr. Proc. Z001. Soc. 19OO,po 572, fig. Leptodira tornieri, (Werner). Wem. S~tzb. Ak. Wien. cxvi. p. 1876, Leptodira werneri, ( BIgr ). BIgr. Ann. & Mag. N. H. (6) xix. p. 281, I897. Chamaetortus aulicus, (Gunth). Cross-barred Snake. Hemirhagerrhis kelleri, (Boettg). Amplorhinus nototaenia, (Gunth). Amplorhinus taeniatus, (Ste'rnf). Z. Z. Stemf. Mitth. Z001. Mus. Ber1. iv. p. 241, Trimerorhinus rhombeatus, (Linn). Spotted Sheep-sticker. l'.l'. Trimerorhinus triataeniatus, (Gunth). Striped Sheep-sticker. Rhamphiophis rul1ropunctatus, (Fisch). K. C. T. T. Z. Rhamphiophis oxyrhynchus, (Reinh). K. C. T. T. Z. Dromophus lineatus, (Dum. & Bib). T. l'. Psammophis notosctictus, (Peters). Dapple-hacked Sand Snake. T. T. Psammophis punctulatus, (Dum. & Bib.) Spotted Sand Snake. K. C. T. T. Psammophis subtaeniatus. (Peters). Stripe-bellied Sand Snake. T. T. Z. Psammophis biseriatus. (Peters). Two-lined Sand Snake. K. C. T. T. Psammophis angolensis, (Bocage). Angola Sand Snake. T.T. Z.

10 Thelotornis kirtlandii, (HaIl). Bird Snake. Dispholidus typus, (Smith). Tree Snake or Boomslang. Calamelaps unicolor, (Reinh). Rhinocalamus dimidiatus, (Gunth). Rhinocalamus meleag'ris, (Sternf). Sternl. Mitth. Zool. Mus. Ber!. iv. p. "'44, Chilorinophis butieri, (Werner). Micrelaps bicoloratus, (Sternf). Sternf. Sitzb. Ges. Nat. Fr. Ber!. p '.1' Miodon gabonensis, (A. Dum). Miodon christyi, (Blgr). Blgr. Ann. & Mag. N. H. (7) xii. p Miodon graueri, (Stern ). Sternf. Sitzb. Ges. Nat. Fr. Ber!. p Aparallactus jacksoni, (Gunth). Jackson's Black-headed Snake. Apa'rallactus werneri, (BIgr). Werner's Black-headed Snake. Aparallactus concolor. (Fisch). U Aparallactus lunulatus, (Peters). Aparallactus christyi, (BIgr).Christy's Black-headed Snake. Blgr. Ann. & Mag. N. H. (8) v. p. 512, Aparallactus guentheri, (Blgr). Gunther's Black-headed Snake. Aparallactus capensis, (Pete'rs). Cape Black-headed Snake. Aparallactus nigriceps, (Peters). Peter's Black-headed Snake. Z. COLUBRIDAE. C. Proteroglypha. Hydrus platurus. (Linn). Black and Yellow Sea Snake. Boulengerina stoimsi, (Dollo). Elapechis guentheri, (Bocage). Gunther's Garter Snake. Elapechis niger, (Gunth). Black Garte'r Snake. Naia haie, (Linn). Egyptian or Banded Cobra. Naia melanoleuca, (Hall). Black-lipped Cobra. Naia nigricollis. (Reinh). Black-necked Spitting Cobra. Dendraspis jamesonii, (TraiIl). Jameson's Mamba. Dendraspis angusticeps, (Smith). Green or Black Mamba. Dendraspis sjoestedti, (L6nnb). LOnnbe'rg-'s Mamba. K.C Z Z.

11 8 VIPERIDAE. Causus rhombeatus, (Licht). Common Night Adder. Ca.usus resimus, (Peters). Green Night Adder. Causus defilippii, (Jan). Snouted Night Adder. Causus lichtensteinii, (Jan). Lichtenstein's Night Adder. Vipera hindii, (Blgr). Hinde's Viper. Blgr. Ann. & Mag. N. H. (8) v. p. 513, It}IO. Vipe'ra superciliaris, (Peters). Bitis arietans, (Merr). Puff Adder. Bitis gabonica, (Dum. & Bib). Gaboon Viper. Bitis nasicornis, ( Shaw). Rhinoceros-horned Viper. Athe'ris squamiger, (Hallow). Tree Viper. Aiheris nitschei, (Torn). Tree Vipe'!'. Torn. Zoot. ]ahrb. Syst. xv. p. 5Sg, fig Atheris ceratophohls, (Werner). Tree Viper. Atractaspis irregularis, (Reinh). Atractaspis conradsi, (Sternf). Sternf. Sitzb. Ges. Nat. Fr. Bert. p. 94, Atractaspis bipostocularis, (Blgr). Kenya Burrowing Viper. Blgr. Ann. & Mag. N. H. (7) xv. p. 19<>, 1905 Atractaspis rostrata. (Gunth). Snouted Burrowing Viper. Atractaspis aterrima, (Gunth). At'ractaspis katangae, (Blgr). Katang-a Burrowini~ Viper. Blgr. Ann. Mus. Congo. Zoot. ii. p. 13, pi. IV. fig. 2, 1901, Atractaspis microlepidota, (Gunth). Z. Z. Z. Z. SUB-ORDER LACERTILIA. GECKONIDAE. Stenodactylus guttatus, (Cuv). Gonatodes Quattuorseriatus. (Stern f). Sternf. Ergebn. Deut.-Zenrtral-Afrika Exp. 19<>7-08, iv. p. 202, Gonatodes africanus, (Werner). Wem. Verhlg. k. k. root. -bot. Ges. Wien, p. 19<>, ISgS. Diplodactylus wolterstorffi, (Torn). Torn. Zoot. Jahrb. Syst. xiii. p. 584, f. A, 1900.

12 9 Hemidactylus isolepis, (Blgr). Blgr. Proc. Zoo!. Soc. 1895, p. 531, pl. xxix. fig. I. Hemidactylus tropidolepis, (Mocq). Mocq. Mem. Cent. Soc. Philom. Pam, 1888, p. II3. Hemidactylus squamulatus, (TO'rn). Tom. Die Krieoht. Deut-Ost-Mrica, p. 10, Hemidactylus mabouia, (Mor). K. C. T. T. Z. Hemidactylus citernii, (Blgr). K. C. T. T. Blgr. Ann. Mus. Civ. st. nat. Genova, ser. 3a, Vol. v. (xiv.), 1912, Hemidactylus ruspolii, (Blgr).. K. C. T. T. Blgr. Ann. Mus. Civ. st. nat. Genova, ser. 2, xvii. p. 6, Hemidactylus brooki, (Gray). K. C. T. T. Z. Hemidactylus wemeri, (Tom). K. C. T. l'. Tom. Arch. Naturg. vi. p. 63, Hemidactylus macropholis, (Blgr). Blgr. Ann. Mus. Civ. st. nlll1:.genova, ser. 2, xvii. p. 7, Bunocnemis modestus, (Gunth). Gunth. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1894, p. 85. Lygodactylus capensis, (Smith). Lygodactylus fischeri, (Blgr). Btgr. Proc. Zoo!. Soc. 1890, p. 80. Lygodactylus fische'ri, var. scheffieri, (Stern ). Sternf. Ergebn. Dent.-Zentral Mrika Exp , iv. (Z.2), p. 206, Lygodactylus grotei. (Sternf). Sternf. S. ;B. Gee. nat. Berlin. nr. 4. p I9II. Lygodactylus picturatus, (Peters). Z. Lygodactylus picturatus gutturalis. (Bocage). Platypholis fasciata, (Blgr). Blgr. Proc. Zoot. Soc. 1890,,po81, pt. viii. fig. 2. Pachydactylus hibronii, (Smith). Pachyrlactylus boulengeri, (Tom). Torn. Die Kriecht. Deut.-Ost-Afrika, p. 26, Phelst1ma laticauda. (Bttgr). Phe1suma dubium (Bttgr). being oonsidered a SynClllym. E1asmorlactylus triedrus. (Blgr). Blgr. :Rev. Zoot. Mr. iii. p. 104, fig Z.

13 10 AGAMIDAE. Agama hispida, (Linn). Agama hispida var. distanti, (BIgr). Distant's Agama. Blgr. Ann. & Mag. N. H. (7) ix.. p. 339, Agama mossambica, (Peters). Mozambique Agama. Agama kirkii, (BIgr). Agama doriae, (BIgr). Blgr. Ann. Mus. Civ..st. nat. Genova, ser. 2, ii. p. Agama planiceps, (Peters). Agama colonorum, (Daud). Agama elgonis, (Lonnb). L&lnb. Arkiv for Zoologi, Band 14, no. 12, Agama lionotus, (BIgr). Blgr. Proc. Z001. Soc. 18g6,p. Agama lionotus, var. dodomae, (Loveridge). Love. Proc. Z001. Soc. 1923, p , pi. viii. Agama flavicauda, (Werner). Spiny-tailed Agama. Wem. Zool. Anz. xx. p. 264, Agama atricollis, (Smith).. Black-necked Agama. Aporoscelis princeps, (O'Shaugh). ZONURIDAE. ToT. K.Co Agama lionotus, var. mwanzae, (Loveridge). Love. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1923,.p Agama vaillanti, (BIgr). Thorn-bush Agama. Blgr. Ann. Mus. Civ. st. nai:. Genova,.ser. 2, xv. p. 12, Zo Zonurus tropidosternum, (Cope).. Chamaesaura annectans, (BIgr). Blgr. Proc. Zoot Soc. 1ll99,p. 97. Chamaesaura tenuior, (Gunth). G1ml:h. Ann. & 'Mag. N. H. ser. 6, xv. p. 524, Chamaesaura mioj1ropus,(bigr). Blgr. Proc. Zoot Soc. IB94, p T.T.

14 11 VARANIDAE. Varanus alibigularis, (Daud). White-throated Monitor. Varanus ocellatus, (Rupp). Eye-spotted Monitor. Varanus, niloticus, (Linn). Nilotic Monitor. Z. Z. Z. AMPHISBAENIDAE. Amphisbaena phylofiniens, (Tom). T. T. 'rom. Zoo!. Anz. 18c}g, p. ~60. Amphisbaenula orientalis, (Stem ). T T. Sternf. S. B. Ges. I1:8lturf.Berlin, IgII, p. ~46. Chirindia ewerbecki, (Werner). \\7lem. Ramb. Jahrb. Wiss. Anst. xxvii. p. 37, Geocalamusacutus, (Sternf). K. C. T. T. Stemf. Ergebn. Deut.-Ze1lJtral-Afrika Exp , iv. (Z.2), p. 2Og, Igl~. Geocalamusmodestus, (Gthr). T.T. LACERTIDAE. Nucras kilosae, (Loveridge). T.T. Love. Proc. Zoo!. Soc. Ig2~, p Nucras emini, (Blgr). BIgr. Ann. & Mag. N. H. (7) xix. p Nucras boulengeri, (0. Neum). ' Neum.,Ann. & Mag. N. H. (7) v. p. 56, Lacerta vanereselli, (Torn). T. T. Tom. Zoo!. Anz. xxv. p. 701, Lacerta jacksoni, (Blg'r). K. C. BIgr. Proc. Zoo!. Soc. 18c}g, p. g6, pi. x. Lacerta jacksoni, var. kibonotensis, (Lonnb). T.T. L&lub. Sjostedt. Kilim-Meru Exp., Rept. Ba'tr. p. 3, Algiroides africanus, (BIgr). BIgr. Proc. Zoo1. Soc. 1906,P Algiroides boulengeri, (Peracca). Perac. Atti. Ace. Torin. lii. p. 531, Algiroides alleni, (Barbour). Beri>. Proc. New Eugl Club, iv. p. 97, 1914.

15 12 Latastia j ohnstoni, (BIgr). Blgr. Ann. & Mag. N. H. (7) xix. p. 392, Latastia siebenrocki, (Torn). Tom. Zoo!. Jahrb. Syst. xxii. /p. 386, Latastia Iongicaudata, (Reuss). Gastrophilis vittata, (J. G. Fisch). Ichnotropis tanganicana, (Blgr). BIgr. Ann. & Mag. N. H. (8) xix.!p. a78, Ichnotropis squamulosa, (Peters). Eremias spekii, (Gunth). Eremias smithii, (BIgr). Blgr. Proc. Zool Soc. p. 534, pi. xxix. fig Eremias striata, (Peters). Eremias brenneri, (Peters). Holaspis guentheri, (Gray). Z. GRRRHOSAURIDAE Gerrhosaurus major, (A. Dum.) Gerrhosaurus tlavigularis tlaviglliaris, (Wiegm). Gerrhosaunls tlavigularis forma intermedia, (Lonnb). Lonnb. SjOsedt. Kilim-Mern Exp., Rept. Batr. p. Gerrhosaurus nigrolineatus, (Hall). SCINCIDAE. Mabuia comorensis. (Peters). Mabuia maculilah'ris. (Gray). Mahuia houlem:;eri, (SternO. Stemf. SHz. B. Ges. natnn. Berlin, 19n. p. a<j8. Mahuia planifrons, (Peters). Mabnia diesneri, Stemf. S. Z. Z Z. B. Ges. natnrf. Berlin, p '1'.'1'. Mabuia brevicollis. (Wiegm). Mahllia homalocephala. C'iVeigm). (Specimen without locality in Nairobi Museum identified by Dr. G. A. BoulenRer). Mabuia taitana. (Peters). K. C. Mabuia quinquetaeniata. (Licht). K.C '1'.'1'. Z. Mabuia megalura, (Peters). K. C. T. T.

16 Mabuia byonii, (Bocage). Mabuia varia, (Peters). Mabuia isselii, (Peters). Mabuia hildebrandtii, (Peters). 13 Mabuia brauni, (Torn). Tom. Zoot. Jahrb. 5yst. xv. p. 585, Mabuia obsti, (Wern). Wem. Mitt. Nat. Mus. Hamb. xxx. p. 43, Mabuia striata, (Peters). Mabuia irregularis, (Lonnb). I&nnb. Arkiv for Zoologi, Band 14, no. 12, Lygosoma kutuensis, (Lonnb,). BIgr. Ann. & Mag. N: H'. (7) vi. ip. 194, Lygosoma fernancti. (Burton). Lonnb. K. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Handl. Band 47, no I. Lygosoma sllndevallii, (Smith). L. laeviceps, (Peters). L. modestum, (Gunth). Lygosoma ferrandii, (Blgr). BIgr. Ann. Mus. Civ. st. nat. Genova, Z. Z. (2) xviii. p. 718, pl. 9. fig, 2, 18g8 Lygosoma anchietae, (Bocage). Lygosoma kilimensis, (Stein). Stejn. Proc. S. Nat. Mus. xiv. (no. 862), p. 405, 18g~. Lygosoma thomasi, (Torn) Tom. Zoot. Jahrb. Syst. xix. p. 175, Lygosoma aloysii-sabandiae, (Peracca). Perac. Boll. Mus. Zool. Tor. xxii. (no. 553), Lyg-osoma gralleri quinqlledigitata, (Stern ). Sternf. Erg-ebn. Deut.-Zentral-Afrika Exp. 19<>7-08, iv. Lygosoma gralleri qtlattllordigitata. (.Ste'rnf). Sternf. Ergebn. Deut-Zel1tral-Afrika Exp. 19<>7-08, iv. Lygosoma meleagris. (BIg-r). BIgr. Ann. & Mag. N. H. (7) xix. p. 488, Lygosoma-blochmanni. (Torn). Tom. Zoot. JaJJrb. Syst. xix. p. 173, Ablepharus botltonii, (Desi). u. (Z.2), p. 241, fig. 3b, (Z.2), p. 242, fig. 3a, u. Z.

17 14 Ablepharus boutonii, var. peronii, (Coct). Ablepharus wawbergii, (Smith). Ablepha'rus megalurus, (Nieden). Nied. Mitt. Mus. Berlin, vii p. Sg. Scelotes eggeli, (Torn). Tom. Z001. Anz. 1902, p Sepsina tetradactyla, (Peters). Melanoseps ater, var. longicauda, (Torn) Tom. Zoo1. Jahrb. Syst. xiii. p. 602, Scolecoseps acontias, (Werner). Wem. Jahrb. Wiss. Anst. xxx. (2) p. 19, Acontias me1eagris, (Gray). Feylinia curro'ri, (Gray). ANEL YTROPIDAE. '1'.'1'. '1'.'1',., '1'.'1'. '1'.'1'. '1'.'1'. '1'.'1'. '1'.'1'. SUB-ORDER RHIPTOGLOSSA. CHAMAELEONTIDAE. Chamaeleon gracilis, (Hallow). Chamaeleon dilepis dilepis, (Leach). Chamaeleon dilepis quilensis, (Bocage). Chamaeleon dilepis isabellinus, (Gthr). Gthr. Proc. Zoo!. Soc. p. 556, Tab. 33, f g2. Chamaeleon dilepis roperi, (Blgr). Blgr. Proc. Zool. Soc. p. 85. t. 8. f. 4. IBgo. Chamaeleon angusticoronatus, (Barbour). Barb. Proc. BioI. Soc. Wash. V. 16, p. 61, Chamaeleon bitaeniatus bitaeniatus, (Fisch). Chamaeleon bitaeniatus ellioti, (Gthr). Gthr. Ann. & Mag. N. H. (6), V. IS, p t. 2I. ISgS. Chamaeleon bitaeniatus hoehneli, (Steindr). Steindr. S. B. Ak. Wiss. Wien. V p. 307, ISgI. Chamaeleon bita'eniatus be'rgeri, (Stemf) Stem!. Ergebn. Deut.-Zentral-Airika Exp. IV. 2. p. 250, Chamaeleon bitaeniatus graueri, (Stern f). Sternf. Ergebn. Deut.-Zentral-Afrika Exp. IV. 2. p. 250, Z. z. '1'.'1'.

18 15 Chamae1eon bitaen,iatus rudis, (Blgr). Blgr. Ann. Mag. N. H. (7) xviii. p. 441, 1906 Chamaeleon bitaeniatus schubotzi, (Sternf). Sternf. Ergebn. Deut.-Ze11tral-Afrika Exp. IV. 2. p. 252, 19 Chamaeleon bitaeniatus tornieri, (Stern ). Sternf. S. B. Ges. naturf. Berlin, p. 383, it. 17, '35, 191"1. Chamaeleon senegalensis laevigatus, (Gray). Chamaeleon goetzi, (Torn). Torn. Z001. Anz. v. 22. p. 4I3, Chamaeleon tigris, (Kuhl). Chamaeleon tempe1i tempeli, (TO'rn). Torn. Zool. llnz. vol. 22, p. 411, f Chamaeleon tempeli wolffi, (Torn). Torn. Z001. ]ahrb. Syst. XIII. p. 614,. G Chamaeleon uelleborni, (Torn). Torn. Zoo1. Jahrb. Syst. XIII. p. 614, f. H Chamaeleon jacksoni, (B1gr). IUgr. Ann. & Mag. N. H. (6), vol. 17, p. 376, Chamae1eon jackwni vauerescecae, (Torn). Torn. Z001. Jahrb. Syst. XIX. p. 176, Chamaeleon fischeri fischeri, (Rchw). Rchw. Zoo1. llnz. v. X. p. 371, Chamae1eon fischeri matschie,i, (Wern). Wern. Verh. Zoo1. Bot. Ges. Wien. p. 192, Chamaeleon fischeri vosseleri, (Nieden). Nied. S. B. Ges. naturf. Berlin, 245, t. XV. f. 7, Chamaeleon fischeri wernert, (Nieden). Nied. S. B. Ges. naturf. Berlin, p. 241, t. XV. f. 6, Chamaeleon fischeri multituberculatus, (Nieden). Nied. S. B. Ges. naturf. Berlin, p. 245, t. XV..7, Chamae1eon tavetensis', (Steindr). Steindr. S. B. Ges. Ak. Wien. vol. 100, ill. 310, t. I, f, 3, 18gI, Chamaeleon deremensis, (Matschie). Mats. S. B. Ges. naturf. Berlin,.p. 108, 18g2. Chamaeleon temporalis, (Matschie). Mats. S. B. Ges. naturf. Berlin, p. 10,5,1/3g2. u. z. T. :!'..

19 Chamaeleon j ohnstoni j ohnstoni, (Blgr). Blgr. Proc. Zool. Soc. p. 136, t o1. Chamaeleon johnstoni affinis, (Sternf)., Sternf. Ergebn. Deut.-Zentral-Afrika Exp. v. IV. 3. p, 363, Chamaeleon xenorhinus, (Blgr).. Blgr. Proc. Zool. Soc. (ii), p. 135, pl. xn. I!}OI. Chamaeleon melleri, (Gray). Chamaeleon we'rneri, (Torn). Tom. Zooi. Anz. V. 22, p. 258, f. I. IB99. Chamaeleon tenuis tenuis, (Matschie). Mats. S. B. Ges. naturf. Berlin, p. 106, Chamaeleon tenuis excurbitor. (Barbour). Barbour. Proc. BioI. Soc. Wash. XXIV. Chamae1eon spinosus, (Matschie). Mats. S. B. Ges. naturf. Berlin, p. 105, Rhampholeon bouleng-eri. (Sternf). Steindr. Anz. Ak. Wien. Nr. 10, p. 178,1911. Rhampholeon brevicaudatus" (Matschie). Mats. S. B. Ges. "-aturf. Bertin, p Rhampholeon kersteni, (Peters). pp II. u. U u. T.r. T.'r.

LOCAL INFO FAUNA LIST REPTILES OF KLOOF

LOCAL INFO FAUNA LIST REPTILES OF KLOOF LOCAL INFO 1 FAUNA LIST REPTILES OF KLOOF Natal Rock Python Scientific name Python sebae natalensis Ave. Length (cm) 300-400 Max Length (cm) 600 Dark brown with grey-brown blotches and dark speckling Distinctive

More information

Reptile assessment for the Sedibeng sewer pipeline construction

Reptile assessment for the Sedibeng sewer pipeline construction Reptile assessment for the Sedibeng sewer pipeline construction 09 June 2010 INTRODUCTION AND METHODS A reptile assessment with specific reference to the striped harlequin snake (Homoroselaps dorsalis)

More information

Report on a three-day survey of the herpetofauna of Lolldaiga Hills Ranch, central Kenya

Report on a three-day survey of the herpetofauna of Lolldaiga Hills Ranch, central Kenya Report on a three-day survey of the herpetofauna of Lolldaiga Hills Ranch, central Kenya Stephen Spawls 1, Patrick Kinyatta Malonza 2 and Vincent Muchai 2 1 =7 Crostwick Lane, Spixworth, NR10 3PE, UK;

More information

TANZANIA : 05-17/10/2017 : AANSTREEPLIJST AMFIBIEËN Selous Game Reserve- Mikumi National Park - Mufindi Highlands - Ruaha National Park.

TANZANIA : 05-17/10/2017 : AANSTREEPLIJST AMFIBIEËN Selous Game Reserve- Mikumi National Park - Mufindi Highlands - Ruaha National Park. TANZANIA : 05-17/10/2017 : AANSTREEPLIJST AMFIBIEËN Selous Game Reserve- Mikumi National Park - Mufindi Highlands - Ruaha National Park. Oktober 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 srt Arthroleptis affinis

More information

B R.ARY OF THE. UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 59O.S

B R.ARY OF THE. UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 59O.S I B R.ARY OF THE. UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 59O.S FI Return this book on or before the Latest Date stamped below. A charge is made on all overdue books. University of Illinois Library Rovio: jot M32 !

More information

Return this book on or before the Latest Date stamped below. A charge

Return this book on or before the Latest Date stamped below. A charge Return this book on or before the Latest Date stamped below. A charge is made on all overdue books. University of Illinois Library M32 ZOOLOGICAL SERIES FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY FOUNDED BY MARSHALL

More information

HERPETOFAUNA OF THE CUBANGO-OKOVANGO RIVER CATCHMENT A report on a rapid biodiversity survey conducted in May 2012

HERPETOFAUNA OF THE CUBANGO-OKOVANGO RIVER CATCHMENT A report on a rapid biodiversity survey conducted in May 2012 HERPETOFAUNA OF THE CUBANGO-OKOVANGO RIVER CATCHMENT A report on a rapid biodiversity survey conducted in May 2012 Prepared by Werner Conradie (M. Env. Sc)* Museum Natural Scientist - Herpetologist Port

More information

TRANSVAAL MUSEUM. VOL U ME 25, No.3 DEEL 25, Nr. 3. V. FITZSIMONS A check-list, with synoptic keys, to the snakes of Southern Africa

TRANSVAAL MUSEUM. VOL U ME 25, No.3 DEEL 25, Nr. 3. V. FITZSIMONS A check-list, with synoptic keys, to the snakes of Southern Africa ANNALS ANNALE OF THE VAN DIE TRANSVAAL MUSEUM VOL U ME 25, No.3 DEEL 25, Nr. 3 V. FITZSIMONS A check-list, with synoptic keys, to the snakes of Southern Africa Issued 30 JUNE I966 Uitgegee 30 J UNIE I966

More information

REPTILES~' (Zoological Laboratory, University, Amsterdam).

REPTILES~' (Zoological Laboratory, University, Amsterdam). FAUNA BURUANA. REPTILES~' By ]. K. DE JONG (Zoological Laboratory, University, Amsterdam). This paper deals with the reptiles collected by Mr. L. J. TOOPEUS on the island of Buru in 1921 and 1922. Besides

More information

Herpetofauna Kakamegensis The amphibians and reptiles of Kakamega Forest, western Kenya

Herpetofauna Kakamegensis The amphibians and reptiles of Kakamega Forest, western Kenya 07_Wagner&Böhme-2.qxd 12.08.2007 14:01 Uhr Seite 123 Bonner zoologische Beiträge Band 55 (2006) Heft 2 Seiten 123 150 Bonn, Juli 2007 Herpetofauna Kakamegensis The amphibians and reptiles of Kakamega Forest,

More information

SNAKEBITE MORTALITY IN THE WORLD

SNAKEBITE MORTALITY IN THE WORLD Bull. Org. mond. Sante 1954, 10, 35-76 Bull. Wld Hlth Org. SNAKEBITE MORTALITY IN THE WORLD S. SWAROOP Chief, Statistical Studies Section, World Health Organization B. GRAB Statistical Studies Section,

More information

Typical Snakes Part # 1

Typical Snakes Part # 1 Advanced Snakes & Reptiles 1 Module # 4 Component # 5 Family Colubridae This is the most represented family in the course area and has the more commonly encountered species. All of these snakes only have

More information

WILDLIFE IN MEYERSDAL NATURE ESTATE (Author: Deon Oosthuizen)

WILDLIFE IN MEYERSDAL NATURE ESTATE (Author: Deon Oosthuizen) WILDLIFE IN MEYERSDAL NATURE ESTATE (Author: Deon Oosthuizen) Meyersdal Nature Estate is nestled in the Klipriviersberg, an area known for its rich geological, archaeological and wildlife heritage. It

More information

Moni tore zoologico i taliano ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY

Moni tore zoologico i taliano ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY Moni tore zoologico i taliano ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY PUBBLICATO DALLA UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUD! Dl FIRENZE CON IL CONTRIBUTO DEL CONSIGLIO NAZIONALE DELLE RICERCHE -- ---- ----- ---- N_ S_ SUPPLEMENTO

More information

Snake ID and Information Guide Biodiversity Management. East

Snake ID and Information Guide Biodiversity Management. East Snake ID and Information Guide Biodiversity Management East Snake ID and Information Guide Biodiversity Management East Compiled by Jaco Uys Biodiversity Management Branch Environmental Resource Management

More information

Author(s) OHTA, Hidetoshi; HIKIDA, Tsutomu; B. Citation African Study Monographs (1987), 8(

Author(s) OHTA, Hidetoshi; HIKIDA, Tsutomu; B. Citation African Study Monographs (1987), 8( Title On a Small Collection of Lizards an West Africa Author(s) OHTA, Hidetoshi; HIKIDA, Tsutomu; B Citation African Study Monographs (1987), 8( Issue Date 1987-10 URL https://doi.org/10.14989/68026 Right

More information

ON AN ALOPOGLOSSUS FROM SURINAM

ON AN ALOPOGLOSSUS FROM SURINAM ON AN ALOPOGLOSSUS FROM SURINAM by Dr. L. D. BRONGERSMA Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden With one textfigure A single Alopoglossus was taken by Dr. K. M. Hulk during the Corantine Expedition

More information

Distributional Data of the Lizard Fauna (Sauria) of the Maringa-Lopori-Wamba Landscape, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Distributional Data of the Lizard Fauna (Sauria) of the Maringa-Lopori-Wamba Landscape, Democratic Republic of the Congo Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering B 6 (2017) 151-159 doi:10.17265/2162-5263/2017.03.006 D DAVID PUBLISHING Distributional Data of the Lizard Fauna (Sauria) of the Maringa-Lopori-Wamba Landscape,

More information

CHAPTER 4 ECOLOGY RESULTS. 23 lizard, 1 amphisbeanian and 29 snake species recorded as occurring

CHAPTER 4 ECOLOGY RESULTS. 23 lizard, 1 amphisbeanian and 29 snake species recorded as occurring 42 CHAPTER 4 ECOLOGY RESULTS Population size, composition and biomass of Reptiles and Amphibians in the Ecosystem Study Area As mentioned previously, there are 18 amphibian, 3 tortoise, 1 terrapin, 23

More information

NEGLECTUS. NOTE V. Synonymical Remarks. about Palaemon neglectus nov. nom. and. Palaemon reunionnensis Hoffm. Dr. J.G. de Man. Plate

NEGLECTUS. NOTE V. Synonymical Remarks. about Palaemon neglectus nov. nom. and. Palaemon reunionnensis Hoffm. Dr. J.G. de Man. Plate PALAEMON NEGLECTUS. 201 NOTE V. Synonymical Remarks about Palaemon neglectus nov. nom. and Palaemon reunionnensis Hoffm. BY Dr. J.G. de Man Plate 15. Palaemon (Eupalaemon) neglectus, nov. nom. (Plate 15,

More information

Mammals and Reptiles Checklist

Mammals and Reptiles Checklist Mammals and Reptiles Checklist Introduction Sosian is a 24,000-acre ranch in the centre of the vast and beautiful landscape known as the Laikipia plateau. Sosian takes pride in its wildlife conservation

More information

SNAKE SPECIES AND THEIR PARASITIC INFECTIONS IN BENIN CITY, NIGERIA

SNAKE SPECIES AND THEIR PARASITIC INFECTIONS IN BENIN CITY, NIGERIA SNAKE SPECIES AND THEIR PARASITIC INFECTIONS IN BENIN CITY, NIGERIA ABSTRACT Awharitoma*, A, O., Ehiorobo, U. A. and Edo-Taiwo, O. Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences,

More information

WildlifeCampus Advanced Snakes & Reptiles 1. Burrowing Snakes

WildlifeCampus Advanced Snakes & Reptiles 1. Burrowing Snakes Advanced Snakes & Reptiles 1 Module # 4 Component # 4 Family Atractasididae As the name suggests these snakes are largely subterranean. Their heads are not very distinctive from the rest of the body and

More information

JAMES AsHE. (Curator, Nairobi Snake Park)

JAMES AsHE. (Curator, Nairobi Snake Park) Page 53 A NEW BUSH VIPER By JAMES AsHE (Curator, Nairobi Snake Park) A new viper of the genus Atheris has recently been discovered near Mount Kenya. This form comes from East of the Rift Valley in Kenya

More information

An Annotated Checklist of the Lizards of Kenya

An Annotated Checklist of the Lizards of Kenya An Annotated Checklist of the Lizards of Kenya Authors: Stephen Spawls, and Damaris Rotich Source: Journal of East African Natural History, 86(1) : 61-83 Published By: Nature Kenya/East African Natural

More information

Bites by non-native venomous snakes in the United States

Bites by non-native venomous snakes in the United States Wilderness and Environmental Medicine, 4,97-303 (1996) ORGNAL ARTCLE Bites by non-native venomous snakes in the United States SHERMAN A. MNTON* Department ofmicrobiology and mmunology, ndiana University

More information

Class: Reptilia Order: Squamata Sub-order: Serpentes (Snakes)

Class: Reptilia Order: Squamata Sub-order: Serpentes (Snakes) 1 Module # 4 Component # 3 Class: Order: Squamata Sub-order: Serpentes (Snakes) Objectives: To get a complete overview of the Sub-Order Serpentes Snakes, with a South African perspective. Expected Outcomes:

More information

The distribution and abundance of herpetofauna on a Quaternary aeolian dune deposit: Implications for Strip Mining

The distribution and abundance of herpetofauna on a Quaternary aeolian dune deposit: Implications for Strip Mining The distribution and abundance of herpetofauna on a Quaternary aeolian dune deposit: Implications for Strip Mining Bryan Maritz A dissertation submitted to the School of Animal, Plant and Environmental

More information

ON A SECOND COLLECTION OF REPTILES AND AMPHIBIANS TAKEN IN TANGANYIKA TERRITORY BY C. J. P. IONlDES, ESQ.

ON A SECOND COLLECTION OF REPTILES AND AMPHIBIANS TAKEN IN TANGANYIKA TERRITORY BY C. J. P. IONlDES, ESQ. ON A SECOND COLLECTION OF REPTILES AND AMPHIBIANS TAKEN IN TANGANYIKA TERRITORY BY C. J. P. IONlDES, ESQ. 168 By ARTHUR LOVERIDGE (Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.) CONTENTS INTRODUCTION

More information

Follow this and additional works at:

Follow this and additional works at: Georgia Southern University Digital Commons@Georgia Southern Electronic Theses & Dissertations Graduate Studies, Jack N. Averitt College of Spring 2009 The Relationship of Herpetofaunal Community Composition

More information

Dendroaspis polylepis breeding

Dendroaspis polylepis breeding Dendroaspis polylepis breeding Dendroaspis polylepis Family: Elapidae Genus: Dendroaspis Species: polylepis C.N.: Black mamba, Black mouthed mamba L.N.: Swart Mamba, Imamba, N zayo, Mama Taxonomy: Dendroaspis

More information

Outline. Identifying Idaho Amphibians and Reptiles

Outline. Identifying Idaho Amphibians and Reptiles Identifying Idaho Amphibians and Reptiles Wildlife Ecology, University of Idaho Fall 2011 Charles R. Peterson Herpetology Laboratory Department of Biological Sciences, Idaho Museum of Natural History Idaho

More information

WildlifeCampus Advanced Snakes & Reptiles 1. Vipers and Adders

WildlifeCampus Advanced Snakes & Reptiles 1. Vipers and Adders Advanced Snakes & Reptiles 1 Module # 4 Component # 9 Viperidae - Hinged Front Fang Snakes This Family is divided into two sub-families. These are Old World and Modern / New World Adders. The predominant

More information

OBSERVATIONS ON THE QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE REPTILIAN KIDNEYS.

OBSERVATIONS ON THE QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE REPTILIAN KIDNEYS. OBSERVATIONS ON THE QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE REPTILIAN KIDNEYS. ~B~SI"Y OF Nmlll,.tpj,Tb 1.11.,,)' A Thesis submitted to the university of Nairobi in partial fulfillment

More information

Grade Level: 1-2. Next Generation Sunshine State Standards SC.1.L.14.1; SC.1.L.17.1; SC.1.N.1.1 SC.2.L.17.1; SC.2.L.17.2; SC.2.N.1.

Grade Level: 1-2. Next Generation Sunshine State Standards SC.1.L.14.1; SC.1.L.17.1; SC.1.N.1.1 SC.2.L.17.1; SC.2.L.17.2; SC.2.N.1. Grade Level: 1-2 Next Generation Sunshine State Standards SC.1.L.14.1; SC.1.L.17.1; SC.1.N.1.1 SC.2.L.17.1; SC.2.L.17.2; SC.2.N.1.1 Program Overview Reptiles Rock! Meet live reptiles up close and investigate

More information

Liberia Western Range Iron Ore Phase 1 Direct Shipping Ore

Liberia Western Range Iron Ore Phase 1 Direct Shipping Ore Liberia Western Range Iron Ore Phase 1 Direct Shipping Ore Addendum to Environmental and Social Impact Assessment: Additional Zoological Studies: Annex 5 Reptile Survey Report Baseline Data with additional

More information

SOME REMARKS ON THE PULMONARY ARTERY IN SNAKES WITH TWO LUNGS

SOME REMARKS ON THE PULMONARY ARTERY IN SNAKES WITH TWO LUNGS SOME REMARKS ON THE PULMONARY ARTERY IN SNAKES WITH TWO LUNGS by L. D. BRONGERSMA, D. Sc. (Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden) With 9 plates and I text-figure The respiratory organs of snakes

More information

Blind and Thread Snakes

Blind and Thread Snakes Advanced Snakes & Reptiles 1 Module # 4 Component # 2 Family Typhlopidae They spend their lives underground in termite mounds in search of termites or similar insects. They are occasionally unearthed in

More information

Herpetofauna Habitat Assessment

Herpetofauna Habitat Assessment Fauna and Flora Specialists 638 Turf St Wingate Park, 0181 Tel: 012-345 4891 Fax: 086 675 6136 Email: Vanessam@lantic.net Herpetofauna Habitat Assessment of KYALAMI PIPELINE GROUP June 2011 Report author:

More information

ON COLOMBIAN REPTILES AND AMPHIBIANS COLLECTED BY DR. R. E. SCHULTES. By BENJAMIN SHREVE Museum of Comparative Zoology, cambridge, U. S. A.

ON COLOMBIAN REPTILES AND AMPHIBIANS COLLECTED BY DR. R. E. SCHULTES. By BENJAMIN SHREVE Museum of Comparative Zoology, cambridge, U. S. A. HERPETOLOGIA ON COLOMBIAN REPTILES AND AMPHIBIANS COLLECTED BY DR. R. E. SCHULTES By BENJAMIN SHREVE Museum of Comparative Zoology, cambridge, U. S. A. From Dr. Richard Evans Schultes, who has been engaged

More information

Studies in African Agama I. On the taxonomic status of Agama lionotus usambarae BARBOUR & LOVERIDGE, 1928

Studies in African Agama I. On the taxonomic status of Agama lionotus usambarae BARBOUR & LOVERIDGE, 1928 SHORT NOTE HERPETOZOA 20 (1/2) Wien, 30. Juli 2007 SHORT NOTE 69 In a recent review of East African reptiles (SPAWLS et al. 2002), the range of T. brevicollis was shown to extend through northern and eastern

More information

THE Cape cobra, Naja nivea, is a common

THE Cape cobra, Naja nivea, is a common Observations of the Cape cobra, Naja nivea (Serpentes: Elapidae) in the DeHoop Nature Reserve, Western Cape Province, South Africa TONY PHELPS Cape Reptile Institute, P O Box 1221, Oudtshoorn, 6620, South

More information

The reptiles of southeast Katanga, an overlooked hot spot

The reptiles of southeast Katanga, an overlooked hot spot African Journal of Herpetology, 2004 53(1): 35-61. Original article The reptiles of southeast Katanga, an overlooked hot spot DONALD G. BROADLEY 1 AND F.P.D. COTTERILL 2 1 Research Associate, Natural History

More information

Reptiles of Takamanda Forest Reserve, Cameroon. Matthew LeBreton, Laurent Chirio, and Désiré Foguekem

Reptiles of Takamanda Forest Reserve, Cameroon. Matthew LeBreton, Laurent Chirio, and Désiré Foguekem Chapter 6 Reptiles of Takamanda Forest Reserve, Cameroon Matthew LeBreton, Laurent Chirio, and Désiré Foguekem 1 Introduction Cameroon has a rich reptile fauna of more than 265 species (Chirio and LeBreton

More information

(Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., p. I62) for the reception of his earlier. Chisternon. Article JX.-ON TWO INTERESTING GENERA OF EOCENE

(Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., p. I62) for the reception of his earlier. Chisternon. Article JX.-ON TWO INTERESTING GENERA OF EOCENE 56.81,3(ii81 :78.7) Article JX.-ON TWO INTERESTING GENERA OF EOCENE TURTLES, CHISTERNON LEIDY AND ANOSTEIRA LEIDY. By OLIVER P. HAY. The genus Chisternon was proposed in I872 by Dr. Joseph Leidy (Proc.

More information

Reptiles of the Gamba Complex of Protected Areas, Southwestern Gabon

Reptiles of the Gamba Complex of Protected Areas, Southwestern Gabon Reptiles of the Gamba Complex of Protected Areas, Southwestern Gabon Olivier S. G. PAUWELS 1, Marius BURGER 2, William R. BRANCH 3, Elie TOBI 4, Jean-Aimé YOGA 5 and Emerie-Noël MIKOLO 6 1 Introduction

More information

Introduction to Reptiles

Introduction to Reptiles Advanced Snakes & Reptiles 1 Module # 1 Component # 1 Introduction This Course is designed for those seeking an in-depth look at Herpetology (Reptiles) and Snakes in particular. The Course has the following

More information

Slithery and Slimy. Visit for thousands of books and materials.

Slithery and Slimy.  Visit  for thousands of books and materials. LEVELED READER K Written by Kira Freed www.readinga-z.com Slithery and Slimy A Reading A Z Level K Leveled Reader Word Count: 376 Visit www.readinga-z.com for thousands of books and materials. Written

More information

Alligators. very long tail, and a head with very powerful jaws.

Alligators. very long tail, and a head with very powerful jaws. Reptiles Reptiles are one group of animals. There are two special features that make an animal a reptile. Those two features are bodies covered in scales and having a cold-blooded body. Adult reptiles

More information

First Steps in Setswana Herpetology

First Steps in Setswana Herpetology Botswana Notes and Records Volume 18 First Steps in Setswana Herpetology By RONALD AUERBACH" Introduction This paper is an attempt at presenting an outline of Setswana categories applied to reptiles. Only

More information

A skull without mandihle, from the Hunterian Collection (no.

A skull without mandihle, from the Hunterian Collection (no. 4 MR. G. A. BOULENGER ON CHELONIAN REMAINS. [Jan. 6, 2. On some Chelonian Remains preserved in the Museum of the Eojal College of Surgeons. By G. A. Boulenger. [Eeceived December 8, 1890.] In the course

More information

A conservation assessment of the herpetofauna of a moist semideciduous

A conservation assessment of the herpetofauna of a moist semideciduous Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES) ISSN: 2220-6663 (Print) 2222-3045 (Online) Vol. 3, No. 12, p. 186-197, 2013 http://www.innspub.net RESEARCH PAPER OPEN ACCESS A conservation assessment

More information

THIS article is a contribution to the knowledge

THIS article is a contribution to the knowledge Reptiles and amphibians from the Kenyan coastal hinterland N. THOMAS HÅKANSSON Division of Human Ecology, Lund University, Sweden*. natrix@mindspring.com * Address for correspondence: 1944 Blairmore Rd.,

More information

Everything Reptiles Inc. Your One-Stop Shop For All Your Wholesale Exotic Reptiles

Everything Reptiles Inc. Your One-Stop Shop For All Your Wholesale Exotic Reptiles ITEM# Colubrids Latin Name Wholesale C2 Albino Corn Snake CB Pantherophis guttatus $ 45.00 C8 Albino Coastal Kingsnake CB Lampropeltis getula $ 65.00 C12 Pueblan Milkshake CB Lampropeltis triangulum $

More information

Squamates of Connecticut

Squamates of Connecticut Squamates of Connecticut Reptilia Turtles are sisters to crocodiles and birds Yeah, birds are reptiles, haven t you watched Jurassic Park yet? Lizards and snakes are part of one clade called the squamates

More information

A 10-Year Review of a Minimally Invasive Technique for the Correction of Pectus Excavatum

A 10-Year Review of a Minimally Invasive Technique for the Correction of Pectus Excavatum Pectus Excavatum A 10-Year Review of a Minimally Invasive Technique for the Correction of Pectus Excavatum Presented at the national meeting of the American Pediatric Surgery Association, May 1997 Donald

More information

AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES

AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES Number 287 TNa ArzcAN Published by MusHYkToRy o1? NATuAL Sept. 30, 1927 59.81,2 (91) RESULTS OF THE DOUGLAS BURDEN EXPEDITION TO THE ISLAND OF KOMODO II.-SNAKES FROM THE EAST

More information

New reptile records from Lékédi Park and Haut-Ogooué Province, southeastern Gabon

New reptile records from Lékédi Park and Haut-Ogooué Province, southeastern Gabon Official journal website: amphibian-reptile-conservation.org Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 13(1) [General Section]: 143 161 (e174). New reptile records from Lékédi Park and Haut-Ogooué Province, southeastern

More information

Herpetological Study for Feronia, Yaligimba Oil Palm Plantation

Herpetological Study for Feronia, Yaligimba Oil Palm Plantation Herpetological Study for Feronia, Yaligimba Oil Palm Plantation High Conservation Value Assessment Project Number: Prepared for: Feronia PHC March 2015 Digby Wells and Associates (South Africa) (Pty) Ltd

More information

Herpetological Study for Feronia, Boteka Oil Palm Plantation

Herpetological Study for Feronia, Boteka Oil Palm Plantation Herpetological Study for Feronia, Boteka Oil Palm Plantation High Conservation Value Assessment Project Number: Prepared for: Feronia PHC March 2015 Digby Wells and Associates (South Africa) (Pty) Ltd

More information

REPTILES OF JAMAICA. Peter Vogel Department of Life Sciences Mona Campus University of the West Indies

REPTILES OF JAMAICA. Peter Vogel Department of Life Sciences Mona Campus University of the West Indies REPTILES OF JAMAICA Peter Vogel Department of Life Sciences Mona Campus University of the West Indies Order Testudines: Turtles Jamaican Slider Turtle (freshwater) Marine Turtles Jamaican Slider Turtle

More information

Parasites of domestic and wild animals in South Africa. XLVII. Ticks of tortoises and other reptiles

Parasites of domestic and wild animals in South Africa. XLVII. Ticks of tortoises and other reptiles Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 73:215 227 (2006) Parasites of domestic and wild animals in South Africa. XLVII. Ticks of tortoises and other reptiles I.G. HORAK 1, I.J. MCKAY 2 *, B.T. HENEN

More information

The puff adder is a large, sluggish, thick-bodied snake that rarely exceeds a meter in length.

The puff adder is a large, sluggish, thick-bodied snake that rarely exceeds a meter in length. Snakes Great care must be taken with snakes due to the inherent dangers involved with handling snakes. A professional must always be called in to assist and it would be wise to call on your local snake

More information

The majority of African countries have been. Biogeography of the Reptiles of the Central African Republic LAURENT CHIRIO AND IVAN INEICH

The majority of African countries have been. Biogeography of the Reptiles of the Central African Republic LAURENT CHIRIO AND IVAN INEICH African Journal of Herpetology, 2006 55(1): 23-59. Herpetological Association of Africa Original article Biogeography of the Reptiles of the Central African Republic LAURENT CHIRIO AND IVAN INEICH Muséum

More information

ECOLOGY REPRODUCTION AND GROWTH

ECOLOGY REPRODUCTION AND GROWTH 128 CHAPTER 6 ECOLOGY REPRODUCTON AND GROWTH srategies Owing to the pronounced seasonality of the climate, most reproductive of reptiles and amphibians follow suit. Apart from some snakes such as the puff

More information

f fs j CATALOGUE OF THE VICTORIAN CICADIDJE IN THE NATIONAL MUSEUM, MELBOURNE.

f fs j CATALOGUE OF THE VICTORIAN CICADIDJE IN THE NATIONAL MUSEUM, MELBOURNE. Memoirs of the National Museum, Melbourne February 1912 https://doi.org/10.24199/j.mmv.1912.4.03 CATALOGUE OF THE VICTORIAN CICADIDJE IN THE NATIONAL MUSEUM, MELBOURNE. By Howard Asliton. (Plate TV., Figs,

More information

10/24/2016 B Y E M I LY T I L L E Y

10/24/2016 B Y E M I LY T I L L E Y ALL ABOUT ANIMALS B Y E M I LY T I L L E Y 1 M A M M A LS: H A V E A B A C K B O N E, A R E W A R M - B L O O D E D, H A V E H A I R O N T H E I R B O D I E S, A N D P R O D U C E M I L K T O F E E D T

More information

Chapter 6: Extending Theory

Chapter 6: Extending Theory L322 Syntax Chapter 6: Extending Theory Linguistics 322 1. Determiner Phrase A. C. talks about the hypothesis that all non-heads must be phrases. I agree with him here. B. I have already introduced D (and

More information

Prof. Neil. J.L. Heideman

Prof. Neil. J.L. Heideman Prof. Neil. J.L. Heideman Position Office Mailing address E-mail : Vice-dean (Professor of Zoology) : No. 10, Biology Building : P.O. Box 339 (Internal Box 44), Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa : heidemannj.sci@mail.uovs.ac.za

More information

British Reptiles. By Sue Searle

British Reptiles. By Sue Searle British Reptiles By Sue Searle What is a reptile? Back-bone present Cold-blooded. Inactive in winter Scaly skin which is shed No water required for mating or young Most lay eggs but some are viviparous

More information

A.A. Turner & A.L. de Villiers

A.A. Turner & A.L. de Villiers 1, 2 1 A.A. Turner & A.L. de Villiers 1 Scientific Services, CapeNature 2 Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, University of the Western Cape CONTENTS Executive Summary 140 1. Introduction 140 2. Methods

More information

Zoological Survey of India, Southern Regional Station, Mauras

Zoological Survey of India, Southern Regional Station, Mauras Rec. zool. Surv. India, 87(2) : 121-126, 1990 ON A COLLECTION OF FROGS AND TOADS FROM PERIYAR WILDLIFE SANCTUARY M. S. RA VICHANDRAN AND R. S. PILLA! Zoological Survey of India, Southern Regional Station,

More information

The 1st studies on the blood of reptiles

The 1st studies on the blood of reptiles Zoological Studies 42(1): 173-178 (2003) Erythrocyte Size and Morphology of Some Tortoises and Turtles from Turkey. I smail HakkI Uǧurta *, Murat Sevinç and Hikmet Sami YIldIrImhan Science and Art Faculty,

More information

Reptiles. Ectothermic vertebrates Very successful Have scales and toenails Amniotes (lay eggs with yolk on land) Made up of 4 orders:

Reptiles. Ectothermic vertebrates Very successful Have scales and toenails Amniotes (lay eggs with yolk on land) Made up of 4 orders: Reptiles of Florida Reptiles Ectothermic vertebrates Very successful Have scales and toenails Amniotes (lay eggs with yolk on land) Made up of 4 orders: Crocodylia (alligators & crocodiles) Squamata (amphisbaenids

More information

SPECIES SEX AGE AMOUNT NOTICE PRICE

SPECIES SEX AGE AMOUNT NOTICE PRICE GECKOS Coleonyx elegans 0,0,1 CB 2015 10 30,- Coleonyx mitratus 0,0,1 CB 2015 10 25,- Coleonyx variegatus 0,0,1 CB 2015 6 65,- Coleonyx variegatus 1,1 CB 2014 2 Adult Pairs 125,-/Pair Cyrtopodion scaber

More information

Status of Invasive Wildlife in Southwest Florida

Status of Invasive Wildlife in Southwest Florida Status of Invasive Wildlife in Southwest Florida Jenny Ketterlin Eckles Nonnative Wildlife Biologist Nonnative Fish and Wildlife Program FWC s Nonnative Fish and Wildlife Program Prevention Early Detection

More information

Reptile Regulations Training. Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission September 29, 2012 Division of Law Enforcement

Reptile Regulations Training. Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission September 29, 2012 Division of Law Enforcement Reptile Regulations Training Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission September 29, 2012 Division of Law Enforcement Objective To provide an overview of the regulations relative to the commercialization

More information

Chapter 11 Herpetofauna

Chapter 11 Herpetofauna Chapter 11 Herpetofauna T wenty two species of reptiles and amphibians have been reported from Burullus Protected Area (Table 11.1), consisting of nine lizards, six snakes, two marine turtles and five

More information

Snakes of Angola: An annotated checklist

Snakes of Angola: An annotated checklist Official journal website: amphibian-reptile-conservation.org Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 12(2) [General Section]: 41 82 (e159). Snakes of Angola: An annotated checklist 1,2 William R. Branch 1 Research

More information

Sesarma (Chiromantes) dussumieri H. Milne-Edwards.

Sesarma (Chiromantes) dussumieri H. Milne-Edwards. M. W. F. TWEEDIE Sesarma (Chiromantes) dussumieri H. Milne-Edwards. 1853. Sesarma dussumieri H. Milne-Edwards, Ann. Sci. Nat. Zool., (3), xx, p. 185 (Bombay). 1917. Sesarma (Chiromantes) dussumieri Tesch,

More information

People hunt reptiles for their skin. It is used to make leather products like belts, shoes or handbags. A reptile s body

People hunt reptiles for their skin. It is used to make leather products like belts, shoes or handbags. A reptile s body 1 reptile has a dry and scaly skin and it breathes through its lungs. There are about 6,000 different types of reptiles. The most common ones are alligators, crocodiles, lizards, snakes and turtles. are

More information

Conservation of Butterflies in South Africa s SA Entomological Journal - Invertebrates. Vol. 1 Pages 8-12 Ramsgate September 2004

Conservation of Butterflies in South Africa s SA Entomological Journal - Invertebrates. Vol. 1 Pages 8-12 Ramsgate September 2004 Conservation of Butterflies in South Africa s SA Entomological Journal - Invertebrates Vol 1 Pages 8-12 Ramsgate September 2004 Eurytela dryope angulata 217 (Cramer) First record of Eurytela dryope angulata

More information

Pacific Islands herpetology No. VI. Tahiti and Marquesas Islands, New Guinea and Australia

Pacific Islands herpetology No. VI. Tahiti and Marquesas Islands, New Guinea and Australia Great Basin Naturalist Volume 12 Number 1 Number 4 Article 1 12-24-1952 Pacific Islands herpetology No. VI. Tahiti and Marquesas Islands, New Guinea and Australia Vasco M. Tanner Brigham Young University

More information

The reptiles (Testudines, Squamata, Crocodylia) of the forested southeast of the Republic of Guinea (Guinée forestière), with a country-wide checklist

The reptiles (Testudines, Squamata, Crocodylia) of the forested southeast of the Republic of Guinea (Guinée forestière), with a country-wide checklist Bonn zoological Bulletin Volume 60 Issue 1 pp. 35 61 Bonn, May 2011 The reptiles (Testudines, Squamata, Crocodylia) of the forested southeast of the Republic of Guinea (Guinée forestière), with a country-wide

More information

SPECIES SEX AGE AMOUNT NOTICE PRICE

SPECIES SEX AGE AMOUNT NOTICE PRICE GECKOS Aeluroscalabotes felinus 0,0,1 CB 2016 10 80,- Aeluroscalabotes felinus 1,1 CB 2015 10 Pairs Adult pairs 200,-/Pair Coleonyx elegans 0,0,1 CB 2016 10 30,- Coleonyx mitratus 0,0,1 CB 2016 10 25,-

More information

The amphibians and reptiles of Kakamega Forest, western Kenya

The amphibians and reptiles of Kakamega Forest, western Kenya Bonner zoologische Beiträge Band 55 (2006) Heft 2 Seiten 123-150 Bonn, Juli 2007 Herpetofauna Kakamegensis - The amphibians and reptiles of Kakamega Forest, western Kenya Philipp Wagner & Wolfgang Böhme

More information

MAHANADDI AND ITS TRIBUTARIES.

MAHANADDI AND ITS TRIBUTARIES. Trionychi- XXV. THE AQUATIC CHELONIA OF THE MAHANADDI AND ITS TRIBUTARIES. By N. Annandale, D.Sc, F.A.S.B., Superintendent, Indian. Museum. The smaller streams that join to form the Mahanaddi (literall}'

More information

African Anthophora 23

African Anthophora 23 1946] African Anthophora 23 Anthophora katangensis Cockerell CAngOONS: Meter (G. Schwab). Anthophora flavicollis loveridgei, new subspecies 9. Exactly the size and aspect of A. flavicollis Gerst., with

More information

Community structure and ecology of snakes in fields of oil palm trees (Elaeis guineensis) in the Niger Delta, southern Nigeria

Community structure and ecology of snakes in fields of oil palm trees (Elaeis guineensis) in the Niger Delta, southern Nigeria Community structure and ecology of snakes in fields of oil palm trees (Elaeis guineensis) in the Niger Delta, southern Nigeria Godfrey C. Akani 1, Nwabueze Ebere 1, Luca Luiselli 2 * and Edem A. Eniang

More information

MISCELLANEA HERPETOLOGICA GABONICA II

MISCELLANEA HERPETOLOGICA GABONICA II Hamadryad Vol. 32, No. 1, pp. 19 24, 2008. Copyright 2008 Centre for Herpetology, Madras Crocodile Bank Trust. MISCELLANEA HERPETOLOGICA GABONICA II Olivier S. G. Pauwels 1,2 and Patrick David 3 1 Smithsonian

More information

GENETIC CALCULATOR (BUDGERIGAR) Help File K Yorke

GENETIC CALCULATOR (BUDGERIGAR) Help File K Yorke GENETIC CALCULATOR (BUDGERIGAR) Help File GENETIC CALCULATOR (BUDGERIGAR) Help File All rights reserved. No parts of this work may be reproduced in any form or by any means - graphic, electronic, or mechanical,

More information

TWO RODENTS FROM THE MASAI RESERVE.

TWO RODENTS FROM THE MASAI RESERVE. TWO RODENTS FROM THE MASAI RESERVE. By PROF. DR. AUGUSTOTOSCHI, Lecturer in the Bologna University. Among the mammals collected by the Coryndon Museum Staff at Olorgesailie, Magadi Road (Masai Reserve)

More information

(f ECOLOGICAL STUDY OF HERPETOFAUNA IN THE ARABUKO-SOKOKE COASTAL FORESTS OF KENYA

(f ECOLOGICAL STUDY OF HERPETOFAUNA IN THE ARABUKO-SOKOKE COASTAL FORESTS OF KENYA im-'f-r 1 (f ECOLOGICAL STUDY OF AND GEDE HERPETOFAUNA IN THE ARABUKO-SOKOKE ^\ COASTAL FORESTS OF KENYA BY MUTUGI /CHIRA A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN

More information

Venomous Snakebite Protocols from Joe Pittman

Venomous Snakebite Protocols from Joe Pittman Venomous Snakebite Protocols from Joe Pittman I strongly suggest EVERY ONE OF YOU who handle venomous snakes invest in snakebite treatment protocols for the snakes you handle. Joe Pittman, from Tampa,

More information

REPTILES OF THE ALDERMEN ISLANDS. by D.R. Towns* and B.W. Haywardt SUMMARY

REPTILES OF THE ALDERMEN ISLANDS. by D.R. Towns* and B.W. Haywardt SUMMARY 93 REPTILES OF THE ALDERMEN ISLANDS by D.R. Towns* and B.W. Haywardt SUMMARY Six species of reptile are recorded from the Aldermen Islands after a visit to all of the islands in the group in May, 1972.

More information

Nat. Hist. Bull Siam. Soc. 26: NOTES

Nat. Hist. Bull Siam. Soc. 26: NOTES Nat. Hist. Bull Siam. Soc. 26: 339-344. 1977 NOTES l. The Sea Snake Hydrophis spiralis (Shaw); A New Species of the Fauna of Thailand. During the course of a survey of the snakes of Phuket Island and the

More information

Miscellanea Herpetologica Gabonica V & VI

Miscellanea Herpetologica Gabonica V & VI Bulletin of the Chicago Herpetological Society 51(11):177-185, 2016 Miscellanea Herpetologica Gabonica V & VI Olivier S. G. Pauwels 1, Bernard Le Garff 2, Ivan Ineich 3, Piero Carlino 4, Ilaria Melcore

More information

New Species of Black Coral (Cnidaria: Antipatharia) from the Northern Gulf of Mexico

New Species of Black Coral (Cnidaria: Antipatharia) from the Northern Gulf of Mexico Northeast Gulf Science Volume 12 Number 2 Number 2 Article 2 10-1992 New Species of Black Coral (Cnidaria: Antipatharia) from the Northern Gulf of Mexico Dennis M. Opresko Oak Ridge National Laboratory

More information

Lab VII. Tuatara, Lizards, and Amphisbaenids

Lab VII. Tuatara, Lizards, and Amphisbaenids Lab VII Tuatara, Lizards, and Amphisbaenids Project Reminder Don t forget about your project! Written Proposals due and Presentations are given on 4/21!! Abby and Sarah will read over your written proposal

More information