B Mammals and birds introduced to New Zealand

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1 B Mammals and birds introduced to New Zealand Table B2. Non-splined Euclidian CLIMATE matches a for exotic mammal and bird species introduced to New Zealand. Species b Successful mammals Feral cattle Feral goat Fallow deer Red deer Sika deer Rusa deer Sambar deer Feral horse Hedgehog Feral cat Himalayan tahr European hare Tammar (Dama) wallaby Red-necked (Bennet s) wallaby House mouse Stoat, ermine Weasel Ferret/polecat White-tailed (Virginia) deer European rabbit Feral sheep Kiore Norway rat Black (ship) rat Chamois Feral pig, wild boar Brush-tailed possum Failed mammals Moose Axis deer Guinea pig Quoll c Climate 9 Climate 8 Climate 7 Climate 6 Climate 5 Climate 4 Climate 3 Climate 2 Climate 1 Climate 0 Scientific name b Bos taurus Capra hircus Cervus dama Cervus elaphus Cervus nippon Cervus timorensis Cervus unicolor Equus caballus Erinaceus europaeus Felis catus Hemitragus jemlahicus Lepus europaeus Macropus eugenii Macropus rufogriseus Mus domesticus Mustela erminea Mustela nivalis Mustela putorius Odocoilus virginianus Oryctolagus cuniculus Ovis aries Rattus exulans Rattus norvegicus Rattus rattus Rupicapra rupicapra Sus scrofa Trichosurus vulpecula Alces alces Axis axis Cavia porcellus Dasyurus sp c

2 Southern brown bandicoot Alpaca Mule (black-tailed) deer Racoon Common ringtail possum Bharal/blue sheep California ground squirrel Eastern chipmunk Successful birds Isoodon obesulus Lama pacos Odocoilus hemionus Procyon lotor Pseudocheirus perigrinus Pseudois nayaur Spermophilus beecheyi Tamais striatus Redpoll Acanthis flammea Common myna Acridotheres tristis Skylark Alauda arvensis Chukar partridge Alectoris graeca Mallard Anas platyrhynchos Little owl Athene noctua Canada goose Branta canadensis Goldfinch Carduelis carduelis Greenfinch Carduelis chloris Bobwhite quail Colinus virginianus Rook Corvus frugilegus Brown quail Coturnix australis Black swan Cygnus atratus Mute swan Cygnus olor Kookaburra Dacelo novaeguineae Yellowhammer Emberiza citrinella Cirl bunting Embiriza cirlus Chaffinch Fringilla coelebs Australian magpie Gymnorhyna tibicen California quail Lophortyx californicus House sparrow Passer domesticus Ring-necked Phasianus colchicus pheasant Hedge sparrow Prunella modularis European starling Sturnus vulgaris Song thrush Turdus philomelos Blackbird Turdus merula Cattle Egret Ardeola ibis Peafowl Pavo cristatus Turkey Meleagris gallopavo Rock dove Columba livia Collared turtledove Streptopelia decaocto

3 [Barbary dove] [S. risoria, S. roseogrisea] Spotted turtledove Streptopelia chinensis Sulphur-crested Cacatua galerita cockatoo Eastern Rosella Platycercus eximius Silvereye Zosterops lateralis Failed birds Linnet Acanthis cannabina Twite Acanthis flavirostris Red-browed waxbill Aegintha temporalis Red-winged Agelaius phoeniceus blackbird American wood Aix sponsa duck Red-legged Alectoris rufa partridge Egyptian goose Alopochen aegyptianicus Common pintail Anas acuta European widgeon Anas penelope Greylag goose Anser anser Snow goose Anser caerulescens Common pochard Aythya ferina Tufted duck Aythya fuligula Hawaiian goose Branta sandvicensis Siskin Carduelis spinus Cape Barren goose Cereopsis novaehollandiae Jackdaw Corvus monedula Stubble quail Coturnix pectoralis Ortolan bunting Emberiza hortulana Reed bunting Emberiza shoeniclus Diamond firetail Emblema guttata European robin Erithacus rebecula Bramble finch Fringilla montifringilla Australian magpie Grallina cyanoleuca lark Willow grouse Lagopus lagopus Wonga pigeon Leucosarcia melanoleuca Chestnut-breasted finch Lonchura castaneothorax Nutmeg mannikin Lonchura punctulata Silver pheasant Lophura nycthemera Wood lark Lullula arborea Nightingale Luscinia megarhynchos Noisy miner Manorina melanocephala Bell miner Manorina

4 melanophrys Crested pigeon Ocyphaps lophotes Mountain quail Oreortyx pictus Java sparrow Padda oryzivora Tree sparrow Passer montanus Sharp-tailed grouse Pediocetes phasianellus European partridge Perdix perdix Common Phaps chalcoptera bronzewing Summer tanager Piranga rubra Grey plover Pluvialis squatarola Zebra finch Poephila guttata Pintailed Pterocles alchata sandgrouse Bullfinch Pyrrhula pyrrhula Western Sturnella neglecta meadowlark Blackcap Sylvia atricapilla Whitethroat Sylvia communis Reeves pheasant Syrmaticus reevesii Black grouse Tetrao tetrix Greater prairie Tympanuchus cupido chicken Barn owl Tyto alba Lapwing Vanellus vanellus Nankeen night heron Nycticorax caledonicus Brush turkey Alectura lathami Helmeted Numida meleagris guineafowl Golden plover Pluvialis apricaria Javan turtledove Streptopelia bitorquata Budgerigar Melopsittacus undulatus Tawny owl Strix aluco Superb blue wren Malurus cyaneus Canary Serinus canarius Red jungle fowl Gallus gallus Crimson rosella Platycercus elegans a Climate matches are counts of the number of meteorological stations in New Zealand at each level of match. For a meteorological station in New Zealand map to score highly, it must match closely all 16 climatic variables of at least one meteorological station in the species overseas range. Scores are cumulative values, that is they include numbers of meteorological stations at the given level plus all higher levels. For CLIMATE match inputs, we used world range maps from Long (1981 and 2003), Lund (1991) and (Strahan 1995). For mammals introduced from Australia, we included both their current and former distribution at the time of European settlement. Climate scores are cumulative for the level given plus all higher levels with level 9 representing the highest level of climate match. For example, Climate 8 includes data for climate match scores in the two highest match levels (8 and 9) whereas Climate 5 also includes lower match levels (5, 6, 7, 8 and 9). No values are presented for Climate 10 because these were all zero.

5 b We excluded the Egyptian goose Alopochen aegyptiacus and the red-vented bulbul Pycnonotus cafer because established populations of these species on the North Island were apparently intentionally destroyed (Long 1981). We excluded the Barbary partridge Alectoris barbara and the Namaqua dove Oena capensis because these species were only released on small offshore islands. Axis axis previously established a self-sustaining wild population that was eradicated by hunting. c We could not determine the CLIMATE match for Dasyurus sp because the species was unknown.