Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Fisheries and Wildlife Conservation 152 Cheatham Hall Blacksburg, VA 24060

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1 KATHLEEN ANN ALEXANDER Addresses: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Fisheries and Wildlife Conservation 152 Cheatham Hall Blacksburg, VA CARACAL Center for Conservation of African Resources: Animals, Communities, and Land use Kasane, Botswana DEGREES AND CERTIFICATION: University of California, Davis Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) 1995 Ecology, Virology, Pathology Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (DVM) 1992 Wildlife Health Program Bachelor of Science, Zoology (BSc) 1988 Graduation with High Honors Certification: United States National Board of Veterinary Medicine Certification California State Board Certification United States Clinical Competency Test Certified Registered Botswana Veterinarian SPECIALIST MEMBERSHIP: Ø Commission on Ecosystem Management World Conservation Union Ø Wildlife Health Specialist Group IUCN Species Survival Commission Ø African Lion Working Group Affiliate of the Cat Specialist Group ICUN Species Survival Commission 2001-Present 1996-Present 2000-Present Ø Technical Advisory Group: Natural Resource Management Department of Environmental Affairs Government of Botswana Ø Technical Advisory Group: Environmental Information Department of Environmental Affairs Government of Botswana Ø Canid Specialist Group

2 IUCN Species Survival Commission EXAMPLES OF SPECIAL RECOGNITION AND AWARDS Alumni Award for Excellence in International Research 2015 Alumni Award for Excellence in International Outreach 2013 Nominated speaker - TEDx Virginia Tech 2012 OTHER SERVICE ROLES: Ø Committee on Agricultural and Food Microbiology 2015 Public and Scientific Affairs Board, American Society for Microbiology Ø Associate Editor - Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 2010-Present Ø Subject Matter Expert: United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidance document 2013 Ø Working Group - Operational Epidemiological Modeling Process National Center for Integrated Civilian-Military Domestic Disaster Medical Response (ICMDDMR) PRESENT POSITION * Associate Professor 2007-Present Virginia Tech Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Sciences Blacksburg, VA * Board President 2001-Present CARACAL Centre for Conservation of African Resources: Animals, Communities and Land use Kasane Botswana Program Focus My research program is directed at exploring and understanding the factors that influence the emergence and persistence of emerging and re-emerging diseases at the human-wildlife-environmental interface. My program embraces a systems biology approach to ecosystem health integrated with public health, beginning within host - pathogen dynamics and extending to the livelihoods of communities living with wildlife, including the impact on ecosystem function and local communities themselves. My approach integrates critical crosscutting elements that can influence infectious disease dynamics such as culture and behavior, gender dimensions, and climate change. COURSE DEVELOPMENT AND DELIVERY 1. FIW 3414 Disease Ecology and Ecosystem Health (3 credit hours) Undergraduate level Catalogue Description: Principles of disease ecology with practical application of concepts using both human and wildlife disease examples. Importance of emerging infectious disease in conservation planning, public health, and wildlife management. 2. FIW 5984 Advanced Topics in Disease Ecology (3 credit hours)- Graduate level Catalogue Description: Advanced topics in disease ecology with practical application of concepts in both tropical and temperate regions. Concepts embedded in the framework of 2

3 ecosystem health and the human-wildlife health continuum. Importance of emerging infectious disease to human health, ecosystems dynamics, and wildlife management will be highlighted. 3. FIW 5984 Dynamics of Infectious Disease at the Human Wildlife Interface (3 credits) Graduate level Catalogue Description: Dynamics of pathogen spillover at the human wildlife interface with focus on drivers of disease emergence and transmission. Particular focus is directed at multihost zoonotic pathogens of public health importance. 4. TBMH 5054 Fundamentals of Immunity and Infectious Disease (8 credits, team taught) Graduate Level Catalogue Description: Comprehensive survey of human immunity, infectious agents and disease across scales: genetic, molecular, cellular, tissue, organism, society. Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of infectious and immune diseases. Social and economic aspects of infection disease and immunity. 5. FIW 4948 Global Impacts of the Illegal Use and Trade in Wildlife: Socioeconomic Drivers and Application of Wildlife Forensic Techniques (3 credits, developed for delivery Winter 2016) Principles and techniques of international wildlife forensic investigations from poaching and use of bushmeat to the illegal trade in wildlife products. Socioeconomic and cultural drivers, practical techniques from crime scene investigations including DNA in species identification and genetic linkage. Cases from across the globe illustrate core concepts and techniques, many from taken from the instructors experience in the field of wildlife forensics and law enforcement. PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE * Ecological Advisor, Office of the President Office of the President of Botswana Attorney General s Chambers Gaborone, Botswana * Senior Wildlife Veterinary Officer Unit Head-National Wildlife Veterinary Unit Department of Wildlife and National Parks Kasane, Botswana * Guest Researcher 1994 Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases Centers for Disease Control Atlanta, GA * Guest Researcher 1993 Foreign Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory Plum Island, Greenport, NY * Visiting Scientist National Museums of Kenya Kenya Agricultural Research Institute Nairobi, Kenya * Animal Behaviorist - Marine Mammals Sea World, Inc Animal Behavior Department, San Diego, CA 3

4 PEER REVIEWED SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS (graduate students and postdoctoral researchers*, Committee member of the student+): 1. Jori, F., Alexander, K.A., Mokopasetso, M., Munstermann, S., Moagabo, K and J.T. Paweska Serological evidence of Rift Valley fever virus circulation in domestic cattle and African buffalo in Northern Botswana ( ). Frontiers in Veterinary. Final revision submitted. 2. Alexander, K.A. and C.E. Sanderson* Emerging pathogen hijacks social communication behaviors, mbio, Under Review. 3. Fairbanks, B.M.*, Hawley, D.M. & K.A. Alexander Do not feed the wildlife: Behavior and disease consequences of foraging in garbage for banded mongooses (Mungos mungo). Ecology and Evolution, Under review. 4. Alexander K.A. and A. Godrej Greywater The Silent Spring? International Journal of Environmental Research and Pubic Health. Under review. 5. Fox, T.J.* and K.A. Alexander Spatiotemporal variation and the role of wildlife in seasonal water quality declines in the Chobe River, Botswana, Plos One, In press. 6. Jobbins, S.E.* and K.A. Alexander From whence they came - dynamics of antibioticresistant Escherichia coli in African wildlife. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, In press. DOI: 7. Alexander, K.A., Sanderson, C.E.*, Marathe, M., Lewis, B.L., Rivers, C.M.+, Shaman, J., Drake, J.M., Lofgren, E., Dato, V.M., Eisenberg, M.C., and S. Eubank What factors might have led to the emergence of Ebola in West Africa? Plos Neglected Tropical Diseases, DOI: /journal.pntd Laver, P*. Powell, R.A., and K.A. Alexander Screening GPS telemetry data for locations having unacceptable error. Ecological Informatics, 27: Jobbins, S.E.* and K.A. Alexander Evidence of Leptospira among a diversity of African wildlife species - Beyond the usual suspects. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. doi: /trstmh/trv Lofgren E., Halloran M.E., Rivers C.M.+, Drake J.M., Porco T.C., Lewis B., Yang W., Vespignani A., Shaman J., Eisenberg J.N.S., Eisenberg M.C., Marathe M., Scarpino S.V., Alexander K.A., Meza R., Ferrari M.J., Hyman J.H., Meyers L.A., S. Eubank Mathematical models: A key tool for outbreak response. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, doi: /pnas Rivers, C.+, Alexander, K.A., Bellan, S., Del Valle, S., Drake, J.M. Eisenberg, J.N.S., Eubank, S., Ferrari, M., Halloran, M.E., Galvani, A., Lewis, B.L., Lewnard, J., Lofgren, E., Macal, C., Marathe, M., Ndeffo Mbah, M.L., Ancel Meyers, L., Meza, R., Park, A., Porco,T., Scarpino, S.M., Shaman, J., Vespignani, A., and W. Yang Models overestimate Ebola cases: More than forecasts. Nature 515 (7528),

5 12. Halloran M. E., Vespignani, A., Bharti, N., Feldstein, L.R., Alexander, K.A., Ferrari, M., Shaman, J., Drake, J.M., Porco, T., Eisenberg, J.N.S., Del Valle, S.Y., Lofgren, E., Scarpino, S.V., Eisenberg, M.C., Gao, D., Hyman, J.M., Eubank, S., and I.M. Longini Jr Ebola Mobility Data. Science: 346 (6208), 433. [DOI: /science a] 13. Fairbanks, B.M.*, Hawley, D.M., and K.A. Alexander No evidence for avoidance of visibly diseased conspecifics in the highly social banded mongoose (Mungos mungo). Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, Blackburn, JK. Diamond, U., Kracalik, IT, Widmer, J., Brown, W., Morrissey, B.D., Alexander, K.A, Curtis, A.J., Ali, A., and J.G. Morris Household-level spatiotemporal patterns of incidence of cholera, Haiti, Emerg Infect Dis Alexander K.A. and C.E. Sanderson* Conserving Carnivores: More than Numbers, Science Mar 14:343(6176): Blackburn, J.K., Asher, V., Stokke, S., Hunter, D.L., and K.A. Alexander Dances with anthrax: wolves, Canis lupus, kill anthrax bacteremic bison in southwestern Montana, Journal of Wildlife Research, Vol. 50, No. 2, pp Fairbanks, B.M.*, Hawley, D.M., and K.A. Alexander No evidence for avoidance of visibly diseased conspecifics in the highly social banded mongoose (Mungos mungo). Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, Accepted for publication. 18. Fairbanks, B.M.*, Hawley, D.M., and K.A. Alexander The Impact of Health Status on Dispersal Behavior in Banded Mongooses (Mungos mungo) EcoHealth: Volume 11, Issue 2 (2014), Page Sanderson, C.E.,* Jobbins, S.E.*, and K.A. Alexander For the social carnivore, life is complicated. Population Ecology, DOI: /s Bagamian, K., Alexander, K.A., Hadfield, T.L., J.K. Blackburn Ante- and post-mortem diagnostic techniques for anthrax: rethinking pathogen exposure and the geographic extent of the disease. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 10/2013; 49(4): DOI: / Alexander, K.A., and J.K. Blackburn Overcoming barriers in evaluating outbreaks of diarrheal disease in resource poor settings: Assessment of recurrent outbreaks in Chobe District, Botswana. BMC Public Health, 13: Jobbins, S.E.*, Sanderson, C.E.*, and K.A. Alexander Leptospira interrogans at the human wildlife interface in Northern Botswana: a newly identified public health threat, Zoonoses and Public Health. DOI: /zph Pesapane, R.* Ponder, M. and K.A. Alexander Tracking pathogens at the human wildlife interface. EcoHealth, DOI: /s Alexander, K.A., Carzolio, M., Goodin, D, and E. Vance Climate change is likely to worsen the public health threat of diarrheal disease in Botswana. Environmental Research and Public Health, 10, Alexander, K.A., Heirben, J., and A. Zajac The Occurrence of Cryptosporidium and Giardia Infections Among Patients Reporting Diarrheal Disease in Chobe District, Botswana. 5

6 Advances in Infectious Disease, 2012, 2, Alexander, K.A., Lewis, B., Madav, M. Eubank, S. and J.K. Blackburn Modeling of Wildlife Associated Zoonoses: Applications and Caveats. Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, 12(12): Laver, P.*, Ganswindt, A., Ganswindt, S, and K.A. Alexander Non-invasive monitoring of glucocorticoid metabolites in banded mongoose (Mungos mungo) in response to physiological and biological challenges. General and Comparative Endocrinology, 179[2]: Alexander, K.A. Blackburn, J.K., Biopoledi, K.A., Vandewalle, M.E., Pesapane, R.*, and P. Elzer Buffalo, bush meat and the zoonotic threat of brucellosis in Botswana. PLoS ONE, 7(3):e Alexander, K.A., Blackburn, J.K., and Frimpong, E.A Buffalo, Maslow s Hammer, and the Ecologist s Statistical Toolbox. Frontiers and Ecology and the Environment, 9: Alexander, K.A., and J.W. McNutt Human behavior can influence the emergence of infectious disease at the human - wildlife interface. Frontiers in Ecology and Environment, 8: Alexander, K.A. Laver, P. N.*, Michel, A.L., Williams, M., van Helden, P.D., Warren, R.M., and N.C. Gey van Pittius The emergence of a previously unidentified Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex pathogen, M. mungi, sp nov. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 16(8): Alexander K.A., McNutt, J.W., Briggs, M.B., Stander, P.E., Funston, P., Hemson, G., Keet, D., and M van Vuuren Multi - host pathogens and carnivore management in Southern Africa. Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 33(3): Roelke M.E., Brown M.A., Troyer J.L., Winterbach, H., Winterbach, C., Hemson, G., Smith, D., Johnson, R.C., Pecon - Slattery, J., Roca, A.L., Alexander, K.A., Klein, L., Martelli, P., Krishnasamy, K., and S.J. O'Brien Pathological manifestations of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) infection in wild African lions. Virology, 390(1): Alexander K.A Successful intervention in a Disease Outbreak in the Endangered Iberian Lynx: What can we learn? Animal Conservation, 12(3): Antunes, A., Troyer, J.L., Roelke, M.E., Pecon Slaterry, J., Packer, C., Winterbach, C., Winterbach, H., Hemson G., Frank L., Stander, P., Siefert, L., Driciru, M., Funston, P., Alexander, K.A., Prager, K.C., Mills, G., Wildt, D., Bush, M., O Brien, S.J., and W.E. Johnson The evolutionary dynamics of lion Panthera leo revealed by host and viral population genomics. PLoS Genetics, 4(11). 36. Troyer, J.L., Pecon - Slattery, J., Roelke, M.E., Johnson, W. VandeWoude, S., Vazquez - Salat, N., Brown, M., Frank L., Woodroffe, R., Winterbach, C., Winterbach, H., Hemson, G., Bush, M., Alexander, K.A., and S.J. O Brien Seroprevalence and genomic divergence of circulating strains of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) among Felidae and Hyaenidae species, Journal of Virology. 79(13):

7 37. Alexander, K.A., Pleydell, E., Williams, M., Nyange, J.F.C., and A.L. Michel Mycobacterium tuberculosis: An emerging disease of free - ranging wildlife. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 8(6): Penzhorn, B.L., Stylianides, E., van Vuuren, M., Alexander, K.A, Meltzer D.G.A., and N. Mukarati Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in free - ranging lion and leopard populations in Southern Africa. South African Journal of Wildlife Research, 32(2): Alexander, K.A., Kat, P.W., Munson, L.A., Kalake, A. and M.J.G. Appel, Canine distemper - related mortality among wild dogs (Lycoan pictus) in Chobe National Park, Botswana. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, 27(3): House, C., Alexander, K.A., Kat, P.W., O'Brien, S.J., and J. Mangiafico, Serum antibody to Rift Valley fever virus in African carnivores. Annals of the New York Academy of Science, 791: Kat, P.W., Alexander, K.A., Smith, J.S., Richardson, J.D., and L., Munson, Rabies among African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus) in the Masai Mara, Kenya. Journal Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, 8(4): Ginsberg, J.R., Alexander, K.A., Creel, S., Kat, P.W., McNutt, J.W. and M.G.L. Mills Handling and survivorship in the African Wild Dog (Lycaon pictus): A survey of five ecosystems. Conservation Biology, 9(3): Alexander, K.A., Kat, P.W., Frank, L.G., Holekamp, K.E. Smale, L., House, C., and M.J.G. Appel Evidence of canine distemper virus infection among free - ranging spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) in the Masai Mara, Kenya. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, 26(2): Alexander, K.A., Kat, P.W., House, J.A., House, C., Laurenson, M.K., McNutt, J.W., O'Brien, S.J., and B.I. Osburn African horse sickness and African carnivores. Veterinary Microbiology, 47(1-2): Kat, P.W., Alexander, K.A., Smith, J.S. and L. Munson. Rabies and African wild dogs in Kenya Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B - Biological Sciences, 262(1364): Alexander, K.A. and M. Appel African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus) endangered by a canine distemper epizootic among domestic dogs near the Masai Mara National Reserve, Kenya. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 30(4): Alexander, K.A., Kat, P.W., Wayne, R. K., and T.K. Fuller Serologic survey of selected canine pathogens among free-ranging jackals in Kenya. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 30(4): Alexander, K.A., MacLachlan, N.J., Kat, P.W., House, C., O'Brien, S.J., Lerche, N.W., Sawyer, M., Frank, L.G., Holekamp, K., Smale, L., McNutt, J.W., Laurenson, K., Mills, M.G.L. and B.I. Osburn Evidence of natural bluetongue infection among African carnivores. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 51(5):

8 49. Alexander, K.A., Conrad, P.A., Gardner, I., Parish, C., Appel, M., Levy, M.G., Lerche, N., and P.W. Kat Serologic survey of selected canine pathogens in African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus) and sympatric domestic dogs in Masai Mara, Kenya Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, 24(2): Alexander, K.A., Smith, J., Macharia, M., and A. King Rabies in the Masai Mara, Kenya: A preliminary report. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 60(4): Alexander, K.A., Richardson, J.D., and P.W. Kat Disease and conservation of African wild dogs, Swara 15, BOOKS: Alexander, K.A., N. Nagafela and M. Ramotadima (Ed.) Bibliography of Environmental Research in Botswana Distributed by CARACAL and Botswana Department of Wildlife and National Parks. 188 pages. BOOK CHAPTERS: (graduate students and postdoctoral researchers* 1. Alexander, K.A., Sanderson, C.E.*, and P.N. Laver* Novel Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex spp. in group-living African mammals. H. Mukundan, M.A. Chambers, W.R. Waters, and M. H. Larsen (Ed.) In Many Hosts of Mycobacteria Tuberculosis, Leprosy, and other Mycobacterial Diseases of Man and Animals. CABI publishers, New York. In press. 2. Vandewalle, M.E. and K.A. Alexander, Germs, Guns, and Ivory: The History of Botswana s Elephants. In African elephants and savannah dynamics. de Toit, J., Skarpe, C., and S. Moe (Ed), Oxford, Blackwell Publishing. 3. Ginsberg, J.R., K.A. Alexander, S.L. Cleaveland, S.R. Creel, N.M. Creel, N. Kock, J.R. Malcolm, J.W. McNutt, M.G.L. Mills and R.K. Wayne Some Techniques for Studying Wild Dogs. In The African Wild Dog Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan. Woodroffe, R, Ginsberg, J.R. and Macdonald, D. W. (Eds.), IUCN, Gland, Switzerland. pp PRESENTATIONS AT PROFESSIONAL MEETINGS AND SEMINARS: (Presenter indicated by an asterisk) 1. Invited presentation Alexander, K.A Disease emergence at the human- animalenvironmental interface in Africa. Center for Disease Control Gaborone, Botswana. 2. Invited presentation-alexander, K.A., Climate Change and Diarrheal Disease, Water Microbiology Conference. May 18, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. 3. Invited Presentation-Alexander, K.A.*, Comparative genomics should we revisit the current nomenclature for mycobacterial species? The Many Hosts of Mycobacteria VI, Host Specificity and Mycobacterial, Disease Dynamics: A Comparative Mycobacteriology Symposium. March Hosted by: National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 4. Alexander, K.A.* Human- Animal -Environmental Coupling Points in Dry land environments in Africa Department of Animal, Rangeland and Wildlife Sciences, Texas A&M Kingsville 8

9 5. Alexander, K.A.* Disease emergence and the human-wildlife interface in Africa Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida Gainesville, Florida. 6. Invited Presentation-Alexander, K.A.*, Research in Africa University Council on International Affairs, Virginia Tech April Fox, T.J.* and K.A. Alexander. Spatiotemporal variation and the role of wildlife in seasonal water quality declines in the Chobe River, Botswana Virginia Tech Graduate Student Association Research Symposium. 8. Invited Panel Presentation - Alexander, K.A.* Contagion. In Science, Technology, and Society, Formal installation of Virginia Tech s 16th president, October, 2014 Inn at Virginia Tech, Blacksburg VA. 9. Invited presentation Botswana Government - Alexander, K.A.* and M. E. Joos Vandewalle Identifying and Managing the Coupling Points Influencing Community Livelihoods and Ecosystem Health. Maun, Botswana. Oral presentation. 10. Invited presentation United States Embassy - Alexander K.A.* Embassy Briefing Climate Change and Disease at the Human wildlife interface. Attendants - United States Embassy Botswana, Country Director for the United States Centers for Disease Control, Program Director - Southern African Regional Environmental Program, and Program Director - Presidents Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, USAID. July, Gaborone Botswana. 11. Invited lead presentation - World Health Organization and Convention on Biological Diversity Secretariat Alexander, K.A.* Integrating public health goals with biodiversity conservation priorities identifying and managing the coupling points influencing community livelihoods and ecosystem health. Regional Workshop on the Inter-Linkages between Human Health and Biodiversity- Maputo, Mozambique on 2-5 April Alexander, K.A.* Human-environmental linkages: Water and health in Africa FREC Seminar Series. September 17 th, Blacksburg, VA, USA. 13. Invited presentation - Center for Climate Change and Health - Alexander, K.A*. Climate change and diarrheal disease in Chobe Botswana. Transmission of human and animal infections: effects of climate, ecology and preventive actions. October 5th 2011, St. Raphaël, France. 14. Invited presentation - Virginia Tech - Alexander, K.A.* and M. Romotadima. Community conflict with wildlife-participatory GIS as an empowerment tool in community based natural resource management: The Chobe Enclave as a case study. Virginia Tech GIS and Remote Sensing Research Symposium Virginia Tech, Blacksburg VA, April 8 th, 2011 (oral presentation). 15. Invited presentation - National Institutes of Health - Alexander, K.A*. Ecology of the novel Mycobacterial tuberculosis pathogen, M. mungi in Chobe Botswana. Many Hosts of Mycobacterium- A Comparative Symposium. Tampa s Lowry Park Zoo, Tampa Florida, March 20-23, 2011 (oral presentation). 16. Alexander, K.A.*, Laver, P. N., Michel, A.L., Williams, M., van Helden, P.D., Warren, R.M., and N.C. Gey van Pittius. Discovery of Mycobacterium mungi sp nov.: a novel, emerging M. tuberculosis complex pathogen affecting banded mongoose living at the human-wildlife 9

10 interface. International Meeting on Emerging Diseases and Surveillance, Vienna, Austria, February 4-7, 2011 (oral presentation). 17. Alexander, K.A.*, S. Eubank, E., Lewis, B., and Marathe, M Use of Modeling Tools to Address Public Health Needs for Zoonotic Disease. International Meeting on Emerging Diseases and Surveillance, Vienna, Austria, February 4-7, 2011 (Poster presentation). 18. Alexander, K.A., Laver, P. N., Michel, A.L., Williams, M., van Helden, P.D., Warren, R.M., and N.C. Gey van Pittius*. Discovery and Identification of a novel Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex pathogen, M. mungi sp. nov., responsible for outbreaks of tuberculosis in Banded Mongoose (Mungos mungo) in Botswana, Keystone Symposia - Mycobacteria: Physiology, Metabolism and Pathogenesis - Back to the Basics (J4) January 15-20, 2011 Fairmont Hotel Vancouver, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (poster presentation). 19. Alexander, K.A.*, S. Eubank, E., Lewis, B., and Marathe, M Use of Modeling Tools to Address Public Health Needs for Zoonotic Disease. Modeling for Public Health Action: From Epidemiology to Operations. Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia, December 8-9, 2010 (poster presentation). 20. Alexander, K.A.*, and J.W. McNutt. April Human behavior can influence the basic reproductive number pathogen transmission dynamics and R 0. Exploring the Dynamic Relationship between Health and the Environment, New York Natural History Museum, New York, New York (poster presentation) OTHER PAPERS AND CONSULTANCY REPORTS: 1. Alexander, K.A., C. Gibbons, M. Ramotadima, M.E. Vandewalle, J. Mucheka, I. M. Cattadori, and N. Drake Long - term changes in elephant distribution and seasonal factors: influence on conflict incidence and impacts on gender specific rural livelihoods. In: Toward Rationalizing Transboundary Elephant Management and Human Needs in the Kavango/Mid - Zambezi Region. Conservation International; Gaborone, Botswana. 2. Alexander K.A. and M.E. Vandewalle Baseline inventory of leopard and cheetah numbers and distribution and extent of human wildlife conflict and assessment of costs associated. Prepared for the Okavango Delta Management Plan, Ministry of Environment, Wildlife and Tourism. 158 pages. 3. Alexander K.A et al Botswana s Biodiversity Strategy Action Plan. Prepared by myself and other consultants for the Botswana National Conservation Strategy (Coordinating) Agency. 97 pages. 4. Alexander K.A Botswana s national biodiversity inventory: biosafety inventory. Prepared for the Botswana National Conservation Strategy (Coordinating) Agency. 49 pages. 5. Alexander, K.A Botswana s national biodiversity inventory: fauna and ecoregions stocktaking. Prepared for the Botswana National Conservation Strategy (Coordinating) Agency. 170 pages. 6. Alexander, K.A Status of biodiversity in Botswana. Prepared for the National Conservation Strategy (Coordinating) Agency, Botswana, And Southern African Biodiversity Support Program. 151 pages. 10

11 7. Alexander, K.A. and P. Hudson Evaluating a population s viability: application of models to conservation questions in Botswana. In: Wildlife Research in Botswana, Report to the Nation, Proceedings of a Conference Held in Kasane, Botswana July 29-31, Alexander, K.A. and M. Ramotadima Trends in human predator conflict in Botswana: preliminary findings. In: Wildlife research in Botswana, Report to the Nation, Proceedings of a conference held in Kasane, Botswana July 29-31, Alexander, K,A., M. Vandewalle and M. Ramotadima. Eds In: Wildlife research in Botswana, report to the Nation, Proceedings of a conference held in Kasane, Botswana July 29-31, A publication prepared and distributed by CARACAL and Botswana Department of Wildlife and National Parks. 95 pages. 10. Alexander, K.A., D. Mompoloki, C. Van der Post, G. Signorelli Site survey for the development of an integrated wetland management plan for the Makgadikgadi palustrine wetland system. Prepared for IUCN ROSA and National Conservation Strategy (Coordinating) Agency. 11. Alexander, K.A Ecological factors affecting predator populations: does disease play a role? In: Proceedings of the national technical workshop on predator conservation and management in Botswana. Maun, Botswana. pp Alexander, K.A Domestic animals: a historical problem for wildlife populations. Proceedings of a national conference on conservation and management of wildlife in Botswana. Gaborone, Botswana pp ABSTRACTS PUBLISHED ONLINE OR IN PROCEEDINGS: 1. Alexander, K.A and J.W McNutt. Human behavior can influence the basic reproductive number (R 0 ) and pathogen transmission dynamics In: Proceedings of the Conference: Exploring the Dynamic Relationship between Health and the Environment, American Museum of Natural History Alexander K.A. and M. Ramotadima Assessment of gender and impact of wildlife conflict: Implications to policy and rural livelihoods in Chobe, Botswana. In: Applications of Science and Technology to Natural Resource Development Issues in Botswana, July Botswana Environmental and Natural Resources Observation Network (BENRON). 3. Alexander, K.A, M. Ramotadima, C. Gibbons, N. Drake, M.E.J. Vandewalle, and P.J. Hudson Community Conflict with Wildlife: Participatory GIS as an Empowerment tool in Community Based Natural Resource Management: The Chobe Enclave as a Case Study. In: Applications of Science and Technology to Natural Resource Development Issues in Botswana, July Botswana Environmental and Natural Resources Observation Network (BENRON). 4. Gibbons C., N. Drake, K.A. Alexander, M.E.J. Vandewalle, and M. Ramotadima Modeling the controls on Elephant distribution and abundance in northern Botswana using remote sensing, GIS and general linear models. In: Applications of Science and Technology to Natural Resource Development Issues in Botswana July Botswana Environmental and Natural Resources Observation Network. 5. Turner B., C. Gibbons, N. Drake, K.A. Alexander, M.E.J. Vandewalle, and M. Ramotadima Monitoring degradation of vegetation around water holes in northern Botswana: a 11

12 comparison of field measurements and remote sensing. In: Applications of Science and Technology to Natural Resource Development Issues in Botswana July Botswana Environmental and Natural Resources Observation Network (BENRON). 6. Alexander K.A The domestic animal/wildlife interface: issues for disease control, conservation, sustainable food production, and emerging diseases. Conference and workshop organized by the Society for Tropical Veterinary Medicine and the Wildlife Diseases Association. Wildlife and Livestock, Disease and Sustainability: What makes sense? Pilanesberg National Park, South Africa, July, Alexander, K.A., P. Mbugwa, L. Frank, L. Smale, and K. Holekamp Rabies in the spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta): an unprovoked attack on a human settlement in the Masai Mara, Kenya. In Proceedings of the American Association of Zoological Veterinarians Annual Meeting. 8. Alexander, K.A., J.D. Richardson, L. Munson, and P.W. Kat An outbreak of rabies among African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus) in the Masai Mara, Kenya. Proceedings of the American Association of Zoological Veterinarians Annual Meeting. 9. Alexander, K.A., P.A. Conrad, I. Gardner, C. Parish, M. Appel, M.G. Levy, N. Lerche, and P.W. Kat Serologic survey for selected microbial pathogens in African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus) and sympatric domestic dogs in Masai Mara, Kenya. Proceedings of the Parasitological Society of Southern Africa International Congress, Journal South African Veterinary Assoc. 63: Thomford, J.W., P.A. Conrad, D.A. Jessup, W.M. Boyce, K.A. Alexander, W.L. Goff, P.J. Holman, and K.A. Waldrup Babesia spp isolated from Bighorn Sheep in California; molecular and antigenic characterization. Proceedings of the Parasitological Society of Southern Africa International Congress, Journal South Africa Veterinary Association. 63:98. Current Sources of Research Support 1. Can group living and the influence of Allee Effects explain infectious disease vulnerability in social species? Emergence of M. mungi in the cooperative breeding banded mongoose Funding Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Disease National Science Foundation (PI Alexander, $1,807,999) 2. The coupled dynamics of human-dryland river systems: linkages and feedbacks between human and environmental drivers of water quality and human health Funding Coupled Natural Human Systems National Science Foundation (PI Alexander, $1,799,999) 3. Conserving and maintaining forestry resources and services in Northern Botswana: sustaining community livelihoods through improved management and early warning framework in Chobe district Funding Forest Conservation Board (PI Alexander - $75,890) 4. Synthetic Information Systems for Better Informing Public Health Policymakers Funding: Modeling of Infectious Disease Agents Study - National Institutes of Health (PI Eubank, $3,933,969) 5. Comprehensive National Incident Management System (CNIMS) - Task 1 12

13 Funding: DTRA/Department of Defense (PI Barret, $13,157,676) 6. Epidemiology of Mycobacterium mungi in mongoose in Botswana Funding - Morris Animal Foundation (PI Alexander, $68,036) 7. Managing threats to early childhood development in Chobe, Botswana Botswana Non-State Actors funded by the European Union (PI Alexander, $99,000) 8. Working with communities to bring new light to an old disease: Diarrheal disease in Chobe Botswana Conservation and Health Foundation (PI Alexander, $28,000) 9. Assessing the impacts of habitat fragmentation on primate conservation, agriculture, and food security in Tanzania Consortium Ohio State lead USAID, VT Budget ~$510,000 13