[Posted as supplied by authors] WEB REFERENCES

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "[Posted as supplied by authors] WEB REFERENCES"

Allison Jennings
6 years ago
Views:

1 [Posted as supplied by authors] WEB REFERENCES w1. Stephenson LS, Latham MC, Adams EJ, Kinoti SN, Pertet A. Physical fitness, growth and appetite of Kenyan school boys with hookworm, Trichuris trichiura and Ascaris lumbricoides infections are improved four months after a single dose of albendazole. J Nutr 1993; 123: w2. No authors listed. Use of common salt fortified with iron in the control and prevention of anemia A collaborative study. Report of The Working Group on Fortification of Salt with Iron. Am J Clin Nutr 1982; 35: w3. Dossa RA, Ategbo EA, de Koning FL, van Raaij JM, Hautvast JG. Impact of iron supplementation and deworming on growth performance in preschool Beninese children. Eur J Clin Nutr 2001; 55: w4. Garg R, Lee LA, Beach MJ, Wamae CN, Ramakrishnan U, Deming MS. Evaluation of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness guidelines for treatment of intestinal helminth infections among sick children aged 2-4 years in western Kenya. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2002; 96: w5. Stoltzfus RJ, Chway HM, Montresor A, Tielsch JM, Jape JK, Albonico M, et al. Low dose daily iron supplementation improves iron status and appetite but not anemia, whereas quarterly anthelminthic treatment improves growth, appetite and anemia in Zanzibari preschool children. J Nutr 2004; 134: w6. Krubwa F, Gatti F, Lonti M, et al. Quarterly administration of mebendazole to suburban school children. Administration trimestrielle de mebendazole en milieu scolaire suburbain. Medtrop 1974; 34: w7. Gilgen D, Mascie-Taylor CG. The effect of anthelmintic treatment on helminth infection and anemia. Parasitology 2001; 122:

2 w8. Torlesse H, Hodges M. Anthelminthic treatment and haemoglobin concentrations during pregnancy. Lancet 2000; 356:1083. Erratum in: Lancet 2000; 356:1774. w9. Stoltzfus RJ, Kvalsvig JD, Chwaya HM, Montresor A, Albonico M, Tielsch JM, et al. Effects of iron supplementation and anthelmintic treatment on motor and language development of preschool children in Zanzibar: double blind, placebo controlled study. BMJ 2001; 323: w10. Bhargava A, Jukes M, Lambo J, Kihamia CM, Lorri W, Nokes C, et al. Anthelmintic treatment improves the hemoglobin and serum ferritin concentrations of Tanzanian schoolchildren. Food Nutr Bull 2003; 24: w11. Sungthong R, Mo-Suwan L, Chongsuvivatwong V, Geater AF. Once weekly is superior to daily iron supplementation on height gain but not on hematological improvement among schoolchildren in Thailand. J Nutr 2002; 132: w12. Abel R, Rajaratnam J, Kalaimani A, Kirubakaran S. Can iron status be improved in each of the three trimesters? A community-based study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2000; 54: w13. Hathirat P, Valyasevi A, Kotchabhakdi NJ, Rojroongwasinkul N, Pollitt E. Effects of an iron supplementation trial on the Fe status of Thai schoolchildren. Br J Nutr 1992; 68: w14. Latham MC, Stephenson LS, Hall A, Wolgemuth JC, Elliot TC, Crompton DW. Parasitic infections, anaemia and nutritional status: a study of their interrelationships and the effect of prophylaxis and treatment on workers in Kwale District, Kenya. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1983; 77: w15. Friis H, Mwaniki D, Omondi B, Muniu E, Thiong'o F, Ouma J, et al. Effects on haemoglobin of multi-micronutrient supplementation and multi-helminth chemotherapy: a randomized, controlled trial in Kenyan school children. Eur J Clin Nutr 2003; 57:

3 w16. Taylor M, Jinabhai CC, Couper I, Kleinschmidt I, Jogessar VB.The effect of different anthelmintic treatment regimens combined with iron supplementation on the nutritional status of schoolchildren in KwaZulu-Natal, South : A randomized controlled trial. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2001; 95: w17. Olds GR, King C, Hewlett J, Olveda R, Wu G, Ouma J, et al. Double-blind placebo-controlled study of concurrent administration of albendazole and praziquantel in schoolchildren with schistosomiasis and geohelminths. J Infect Dis 1999; 179: w18. Befidi-Mengue RN, Ratard RC, Beltran G, D'Alessandro A, Rice J, Befidi-Mengue R, et al. Impact of Schistosoma haematobium infection and of praziquantel treatment on anemia of primary school children in Bertoua, Cameroon. J Trop Med Hyg 1993 ; 96: w19. Latham MC, Stephenson LS, Kurz KM, Kinoti SN. Metrifonate or praziquantel treatment improves physical fitness and appetite of Kenyan schoolboys with Schistosoma haematobium and hookworm infections. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1990; 43: w20. Stephenson LS, Latham MC, Kinoti SN, Kurz KM, Brigham H. Single dose metrifonate or praziquantel treatment in Kenyan children. I. Effects on Schistosoma haematobium, hookworm, hemoglobin levels, splenomegaly, and hepatomegaly. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1989; 41: w21. McGarvey ST, Aligui G, Graham KK, Peters P, Olds GR, Olveda R. Schistosomiasis japonica and childhood nutritional status in northeastern Leyte, the Philippines: A randomized trial of praziquantel versus placebo. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1996; 54: w22. Latham MC, Stephenson LS, Hall A, Wolgemuth JC, Elliot TC, Crompton DW. Parasitic infections, anemia and nutritional status: A study of their interrelationships and the effect of prophylaxis and treatment on workers in Kwale District, Kenya. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1983; 77: 41-8.

4 w23. Beasley NM, Tomkins AM, Hall A, Kihamia CM, Lorri W, Nduma B, et al. The impact of population level deworming on the hemoglobin levels of schoolchildren in Tanga, Tanzania.Trop Med Int Health 1999; 4: w24. Boivin MJ, Giordani B. Improvements in cognitive performance for schoolchildren in Zaire,, following an iron supplement and treatment for intestinal parasites. J Pediatr Psychol 1993; 18: w25. Vaughan JP, Menu JP, Kihama F, Brook D, Kiwia A, Mohamed SA. Anemia treatment trials in a rural population of Tanzania. Trop Geogr Med 1977; 29: w26. Rajgopalan S, Vinodkumar M. Effects of salt fortified with iron and iodine on the hemoglobin levels and productivity of tea pluckers. Food Nutr Bull 2000; 21: w27. Tanumihardjo SA, Permaesih D, Muhilal. Vitamin A status and hemoglobin concentrations are improved in Indonesian children with vitamin A and deworming interventions. Eur J Clin Nutr 2004; 58: w28. Adams EJ, Stephenson LS, Latham MC, Kinoti SN. Physical activity and growth of Kenyan school children with hookworm, Trichuris trichuria and Ascaris lumbricoides are improved after treatment with albendazole. J Nutr 1994; 124: w29. Kruger M, Badenhorst CJ, Mansvelt EPG, Laubscher JA, Benade AJS. Effects of iron fortification in a school feeding scheme and antihelminthic therapy on the iron status and growth of six to eight year old schoolchildren. Food Nutr Bull 1996; 17: w30. Stoltzfus RJ, Albonico M, Chwaya HM, Tielsch JM, Schulze KJ, Savioli L. Effects of the Zanzibar school-based deworming program on iron status of children. Am J Clin Nutr 1998; 68: w31. Torlesse H, Hodges M. Albendazole therapy and reduced decline in hemoglobin concentration during pregnancy (Sierra Leone).Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2001; 95:

5 w32. Stephenson LS, Latham MC, Kinoti SN, Kurz KM, Brigham H. Improvements in physical fitness of Kenyan schoolboys infected with hookworm, Trichuris trichiura and Ascaris lumbricoides following a single dose of albendazole. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1990; 84: w33. Karyadi E, Gross R, Sastroamidjojo S, Dillon D, Richards AL, Sutanto I. Anthelminthic treatment raises plasma iron levels but does not decrease the acute-phase response in Jakarta school children. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1996; 27: w34. Palupi L, Schultink W, Achadi E, Gross R. Effective community intervention to improve hemoglobin status in preschoolers receiving once-weekly iron supplementation. Am J Clin Nutr 1997; 65: w35. Awasthi S, Pande VK, Fletcher RH. Effectiveness and cost- effectiveness of albendazole in improving nutritional status of preschool children in urban slums. Indian Pediatr 2000; 37: w36. Gilgen DD, Mascie-Taylor CG, Rosetta LL. Intestinal helminth infections, anemia and labor productivity of female tea pluckers in Bangladesh. Trop Med Int Health 2001; 6:

6 [Posted as supplied by authors] Table A: Baseline characteristics of the included studies Study Location Age Group (mo), Sex α Methods of randomisation, Allocation concealment, loss to follow up, blinding* Inclusion criteria Exclusion criteria AHD, dose(mg), no. of days, no. of courses, interval between courses(months) Report1(1982) w2 India, Asia > 12, b Not mentioned, B, E, D Villages with population of 4000 to Infants, sick and unwillingbephenium hydroxyl 6000, remoteness from towns and cities, subjects, Hb <6g/dl napthate, nm, nm, nm, nm feasibility of ensuring that salt other than the project salt would not enter the villages, absence of active distribution of iron and folic acid Stephenson(1990) w32 Kenya, 72 to 144, m Not mentioned, B, A, A Primary schoolboys with Hb>8g/dl, willingness to co-operate in physical fitness test, no signs of puberty Co-interve tion Ascaris infection Hookworm infection Iron nm nm nm None Albendazole, 400, 1, 1, na None Trichuris Infection Stephenson(1993) w1 Kenya, 84 to 156, m Allocation at random within pairs by descending hookworm count, B, C, A Hb>8g/dl, willingness to cooperate in physical fitness and appetite test, infected with at least one of the three geohelminths Hookworm egg count>20000epg, signs of puberty Albendazole, 600, 1, 1, na None Adams (1994) w28 Kenya, 60 to 120, b Grouped according to sex and paired using hookworm intensity ; allocated at random, D, A, D Children from nursery and grade 1 infected with 1 of 3 geohelminths (egg count of 500epg for hookworm or 1000 epg for T.trichiura or A. lumbricoides), prepubertal, age >5 years. Hb<7.5g/dl Albendazole, 400, 3, 1, na None Karyadi (1996) w33 Jakarta, Asia 96 to 32, b Matching of egg count for Grade2 to grade 6 (8-11 years) children Acute illness, moderate toalbendazole, 400, 1, 1, na None 81.6 nm 88.3 number and type of egg, with positive stool sample severe injury or surgery, A, D,A received deworming, iron or corticosteroid within last 1 month. Kruger1(1996) w29 South, 72 to 96, b Not mentioned, A, D, B Children in first year of school with low Age 9 years, current Albendazole, 200,.2, 2, 4 Iron 15.6 nm 28.4 iron stores (serum ferritin <20mcg/l) use of iron supplements, Kruger2 (1996) w29 72 to 96, b Not mentioned, A, D, B inclusion in an iron Albendazole, 200, 2, 2, 4 None 27.5 nm 53.5 Kruger3 (1996) w29 South, 72 to 96, b Not mentioned, A, D, B Children in first year of school with fortification trial previous Albendazole, 200, 2, 2, 4 Iron 15.6 nm 28.4 adequate iron stores (serum ferritin year, infection( WBC Kruger4 (1996) w29 72 to 96, b Not mentioned, A, D, B >20mcg/l) count) Albendazole, 200, 2, 2, 4 None 27.5 nm 53.5 Palupi(1997) w34 West Javanese 24 to 60, b Not mentioned, A, A, A All children age 2-5 years registered at None Albendazole, 400, 1, 1, na Iron Village village health centre Stolzfus1(1998) w30 Zanzibar, 127±27.6 #, b Not mentioned, B, C, C Children in grade 1-4 Hb<7g/dl Mebendazole, 500, 1, 2,

7 Study Location Age Group (mo), Sex α Methods of randomisation, Allocation concealment, loss to follow up, blinding* Inclusion criteria Exclusion criteria AHD, dose(mg), no. of days, no. of courses, interval between courses(months) Co-interve tion Ascaris infection Hookworm infection Praziquant el Stolzfus2(1998) w30 Zanzibar, 126±20.0 #,b Not mentioned, B, C, C Children in grade 1-4 Hb<7g/dl Mebendazole, 500, 1, 3, Praziquant el Awasthi(2000) w35 India, Asia 18 to 42, b Those with odd or non Children between 1.5 to 3.5 years of age None Albendazole, 600, 1, 5, 6 None 11.6 nm nm zero number, A, A, B registered with Anganwadi Trichuris Infection Dossa1(2001) w3 Dossa2(2001) w3 Gilgen1(2001) w36 Southern Benin, 36 to 60, b Not mentioned, B, A, A Age 3-5 years Severe worm infection, Albendazole, 200, 3, 2, 1 Iron acute illness, received pills other than during trial. Albendazole, 200, 3, 2, 1 None Southern Benin, 36 to 60, b Not mentioned, B, A, A Bangladesh, 168 to 792, f Random numbers, B, B, D Tea pluckers not pregnant and not None Albendazole, 400, 1, 2, 3 Iron and Asia breastfeeding folic acid Gilgen2(2001) w36 Bangladesh, Asia 168 to 792, f Random numbers, B, B, D None Albendazole, 400, 1, 2, 3 None Torlesse1 (2001) w31 Torlesse2(2001) w31 Sierra Leone, Sierra Leone, 180 to 456, f Random numbers, B, D, B Women attending antenatal clinic in first None Albendazole, 400, 1, 1, na Iron and trimester, Hb>8g/dl, gestational age<14 folic acid weeks at baseline 180 to 456, f Random numbers, B, D, B None Albendazole, 400, 1, 1, na None Garg(2002) w4 Western Kenya, 24 to 48, b Random numbers, B, B, B All sick children presenting for their first Dewormed within 6 mo, consultation between 13 July and 12 severely ill, required August 1998 referral, palmar pallor or caregiver refused consent Mebendazole, 500, 1, 1, na None Stolzfus (2004) w5 Tanzania, 6.0 to 71, b Not mentioned, A, C, A Chidren 6-71 months Hb<7g/dl Mebendazole, 500, 1, 4, 3 Iron * Allocation concealment: A adequate; B unclear; C inadequate; D not used. Loss to follow-up based on percentage of excluded participants: A: <4.9%; B: 5 9.9%; C: %; D: 20%; E: not mentioned. Blinding: A double blinding; B single blinding; C no blinding; D-unclear. α Sex: m-male; f-female;b-both. # - mean±sd

8 AHD Anthelminthic drug Hb - Haemoglobin na not applicable nm not mentioned Table B. Sensitivity Analyses of Pooled Estimates of Haemoglobin Weighted Mean Difference.[Posted as supplied by authors] Stratification variable Change SD s available All SD s by p=0.5 SD s by independence Post-test scores and SD s Age group Only children Including adults Malaria hyperendemicity Yes No Schistoma endemicity Yes No Helminthic infestation prevalence High Low Allocation concealment Adequate Others Attrition <10% >10% No. of analytic components Random effects model (95% CI) 2.55 (1.52 to 3.57) 1.71 (0.70 to 2.73) 1.77 (0.75 to 2.80) 2.01 (0.58 to 3.44) 0.93 (0.10 to 1.77) 3.89 (2.53 to 5.24) 1.84 (0.62 to 3.05) 1.41 (-0.33 to 3.14) 1.05 (-1.29 to 2.23) 1.92 (0.27 to 3.56) 0.67 (-0.62 to 1.97) 1.60 (0.45 to 2.75) 0.84 (-0.30 to 1.97) 2.15 (0.69 to 3.62) 0.50 (-0.29 to 1.29) 1.69 (0.20 to 3.19) P value <0.001 < < Tests for heterogeneity Cochrane Q (P value); I 2 % (95% CI) (0.225); 20 (0 to55) (<0.001); 61 (37 to76) (0.003); 52 (20 to71) (<0.001); 78 (67 to86) (0.114); 31 (0 to62) 4.24 (0.375); 6 (0 to80) (<0.001); 68 (46 to81) 4.72 (0.317); 15 (0 to82) (0.124); 37 (0 to71) (<0.001); 71 (45 to85) 6.65 (0.248); 25 (0 to68) (0.073); 38 (0 to67) 9.01 (0.252); 22 (0 to64) (<0.001); 67 (41 to81) 4.24 (0.835); 0 (0 to34) (0.007); 59 (20 to79)

9 Stratification variable Blinding Double blind Others Compliance monitored No Yes Number of antihelmintic courses 1 >1 Iron co-intervention No Yes Baseline haemoglobin mean (g/l) < 110 > 110 Weight for age (Z score)* <- 1.5 No. of analytic components Random effects model (95% CI) 2.04 (0.63 to 3.45) 1.56 (0.29 to 2.84) 1.51 (-0.47 to 3.48) 1.84 (0.59 to 3.09) 2.33 (0.66 to 4.00) 0.74 (-0.13 to 1.61) 0.75 (-0.16 to 1.66) 2.76 (1.22 to 4.31) 1.68 (0.28 to 3.07) 1.83 (0.51 to 3.14) P value < Tests for heterogeneity Cochrane Q (P value); I 2 % (95% CI) 4.10 (0.663); 0 (0 to57) (<0.001); 71 (51 to83) (0.015); 64 (14 to85) (0.002); 59 (28 to77) 8.39 (0.299); 17 (0 to60) (0.148); 30 (0 to65) (0.152); 29 (0 to63) (0.065); 47 (0 to77) (0.001); 73 (52 to85) 8.97 (0.345); 11 (0 to69) > (-0.63 to 1.28) 1.92 (0.52 to 3.31) (0.176); 35 (0 to74) 8.80 (0.360); 9 (0 to68) Except the all category, calculations performed by SDs calculated with the assumption p=0.5. Helminthic infestation prevalence was defined as high if infestation by Ascaris > 30% or hookworm > 75% or Trichuris > 70%. * Analysis restricted to children only. Not done for country development status, as all analytic components were from developing countries.

Effects of Deworming on Malnourished Preschool Children in India: An Open-Labelled, Cluster-Randomized Trial

Effects of Deworming on Malnourished Preschool Children in India: An Open-Labelled, Cluster-Randomized Trial The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits