Country Report: Philippines

Transcription

1 FMM/RAS/298: Strengthening capacities, policies and national action plans on prudent and responsible use of antimicrobials in fisheries Country Report: Philippines Simeona E. Regidor and Sonia S. Somga Aquatic AMR Workshop 1: April 2017, Mangalore, India

2 PHILIPPINE FISHERIES PRODUCTION (2015) Sector Quantity (MT) % to Total 1. Aquaculture 2,348, % 2. Municipal Fisheries 1,216, Commercial Fisheries 1,084,

3 Aquaculture Sector Major Species Produced in Aquaculture Fisheries, 2015 Species Quantity (MT) Percent Seaweeds 1,566, Milkfish 384, Tilapia 261, Shrimps/prawns 52, Others 84,

4 LEGAL MANDATE

5

6 PROTECTION FROM ADULTERANT

7 BFAR AS FOOD SAFETY REGULATORY AGENCY

8 COMPLIANCE WITH GOOD AQUACULTURE PRACTICE

9

10 1. Siting & Design 2. Facility & Sanitation 3. Water use 4. Farm Mgt. 5. Feeds & Feeding 6. Mortalities 7. Disease 8. Drugs & Chemicals 9. Harvesting & Transport 10. Biodiversity 11. Animal welfare 12. Labor & community 10

11 9 Chemical Use Addresses the issues and requirements on using drugs and chemicals. It covers the potential risks associated in handling drugs & chemicals

12 GAqP- 9. Chemical Use 9.1Veterinary drugs, medicated feeds, chemical and biological substances should be obtained from registered and authorized manufacturers and suppliers and should be used only when necessary. 9.2Veterinary drugs, medicated feeds, chemical and biological substances should only be those permitted and registered according to national regulations.

13 GAqP- 9. Chemical Use 9.3 Drug residues should not be present in the body of fish by observing withdrawal period to ensure that the maximum residue level (MRL) is acceptable based on the standards set by Codex or trading partners. 9.4 Substances requiring prescription should only be used under adequate supervision by a qualified expert or a trained technician. Non-prescription substances should be used according to manufacturer s instructions and as specified on the label.

14 Region - 48 Region III - 32 Region IV - 56 Central Office Region II - 17 Cordillera Autonomous Region - 7 Region V - 24 Region VI - 58 Region VIII - 15 Region VII - 18 Region X - 8 Region IX - 43 Region XIII - 3 Region XI - 15 Region XII - 14 ARMM - 6

15 Registered Aquaculture Farm as of 31 January 2017 Species Cultured Total Number of Region Registered Shrimp Milkfish Tilapia Pompano Lobster Polyculture Aquaculture Farm P. monodon P. vannamei I II III IV-A IV-B V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII XIII-CARAGA ARMM CAR TOTAL TOTAL 371

16 National Residue Monitoring Program o Drugs/Chemicals that are possibly applied in aquaculture that cause negative effects to the consumer, on-target aquatic species and the environment

17 Specific Objectives: Detecting all illegal treatments particularly the banned antibiotics Controlling compliance with the maximum residue limits (MRL) for residue of veterinary drugs and other substances 17

18 o BFAR Administrative Circular No. 256, Series of 2015 Declaring malachite green and gentian violet as health hazards and prohibiting their use in food fish production and trade o DA Administrative Order No. 14, 2003 Ban on the use in food animals of beta-agonist Drugs used in humans as bronchodilators and tocolytic agents. o Department of Health (DOH) and Department of Agriculture (DA) Joint Administrative Order No. 2, Series of 2000 Declaring ban/phase out of the use of nitrofurans in food-producing animals. o DOH Administrative Order No. 4-A and DA Administrative Order No. 1, Series 2000 the banning and withdrawal of olaquindox and carbadox from the market. o DOH Administrative Order No. 91 and DA Administrative Order No. 60, Series of 1990 Declaring ban on the use of chlorampenicol in food-producing animals. 18

19 Groups of Substances Group A. Substances having anabolic effect and unauthorized substances Substance Species LOD Action Limit A1 A3 (Stilbenes) DES (Steroids) Shrimp Milkfish Tilapi Methyltestosterone A6 Chloramphenicol 0.05 µg/kg 0.3 µg/kg Nitrofurans (AOZ,AMOZ) 0.1 µg/kg Positive detection 0.05 µg/kg Positive detection 0.10 µg/kg 1.0 µg/kg Positive detection 19

20 Group of Substance Product Limit of Detection Group B Substances : Veterinary drugs (1) and contaminants B1(Antibacterial subs) Chlortetracycline Oxytetracycline Sulfamethazine Amoxicillin Trimetoprim Sulfadiazine Oxolinic acid Erythromycin Shrimp Milkfish Tilapia 80 µg/kg 80 µg/kg 100 µg/kg 50 µg/kg 50 µg/kg 50 µg/kg 0.3 µg/kg µg/kg Level of Action 100 µg/kg 100 µg/kg 100µg/kg 50µg/kg 50 µg/kg 100 µg/kg 100 µg/kg 200 µg/kg B2a Ivermectin 49 µg/kg 100 µg/kg 20

21 Group of Substance Product Limit of Detection Level of Action Group B Substances : Veterinary drugs (1) and contaminants B1(Antibacterial subs) Chlortetracycline Oxytetracycline Sulfamethazine Amoxicillin Trimetoprim Sulfadiazine Oxolinic acid Erythromycin Shrimp Milkfish Tilapia 80 µg/kg 80 µg/kg 100 µg/kg 50 µg/kg 50 µg/kg 50 µg/kg 0.3 µg/kg µg/kg 100 µg/kg 100 µg/kg 100µg/kg 50µg/kg 100µg/kg 100 µg/kg 100 µg/kg 200 µg/kg B2a Ivermectin 49 µg/kg 100 µg/kg 21

22 Group of Substance Product Limit of Detection Level of Action Group B Substances : Veterinary drugs (1) and contaminants B3a Organochlorines -BHC β-bhc Aldrin Dieldrin Chlordane DDT DDD DDE Endrin Endosulfan I Endosulfan II Heptachlor Heptachlor epoxide Lindane Metoxychlor Shrimp Milkfish Tilapia 4 ug/kg 200µg/kg 100 µg/kg 200 µg/kg 200 µg/kg 50 µg/kg 400 µg/kg 400µg/kg 400 µg/kg 50 µg/kg 100 µg/kg 100 µg/kg 200 µg/kg 200 µg/kg 20 µg/kg 10 µg/kg 22

23 Group of Substance Product Limit of Detection Level of Action Group B Substances : Veterinary drugs (1) and contaminants B3c Heavy metals Mercury Lead Cadmium 5 µg/kg 50 µg/kg 50 µg/kg 500 µg/kg 300 µg/kg 50 µg/kg 23

24 Group of Substance Product Limit of Detection Level of Action Group B Substances : Veterinary drugs (1) and contaminants B3d Aflatoxin Feeds 1.7 µg/kg 20 µg/kg B3e Malachite & Leucomalachite Green Shrimp Milkfish Tilapia 0.34 µg/kg 0.41 µg/kg Positive detection 24

25 Residue Monitoring Program NRMP Plan Based on EU Directive 96/23EC. NRMP Target Sampling and handling Regional Sampling Sampling in meatfarm, consignacion, processor Sampling in feeds Storage and handling Sample labelling and traceability 25

26 Farm Registration BFAR Director Endorsement for issuance of certificate of registration Assessment and assigning of Registration Number Regional Director Fish Health Officer Issuance of certificate Releasing of certificate Inform the FHO Apply for registration Registration Form Farm Inspection Sampling if necessary Disease surveillance and residue monitoring Farm source of raw materials 26

27 Farm Inspection and Sampling -Farm hygiene -Disease surveillance and residue monitoring Positive result Farm visit and sampling Laboratory analysis Confirmatory Collect sample/s Positive Positive Sampling and analysis Negative result Suspend the registration Negative result Resume Registration Fish Inspection Unit, Certification Unit and Exporter 27

28 Feedmill Sampling On-spot inspection Feedmills Collection of feed samples Presence of Banned substances Non-conforming Laboratory analysis Conforming Absence of Banned substances Report to BFAR Director BFAR cc BAI Recommend to BAI Non-compliance 28

29 Use of veterinary medicines in Philippine aquaculture: current status SSSomga. JRSomga, SERegidor Survey in 2009 to determine current range of veterinary medicines applied in aquaculture and assess the perception of respondents on their impacts Survey form used was developed by FAO Consisted of information about the respondents, types of veterinary medicines and other products used, species, culture system, dosages and availability, efficacy and impact, reasons for treatment failure MG Bondad-Reantaso, JR Arthur &RP Subasinghe eds. Improving biosecurity through prudent and responsible use of veterinary medicnes in aquaculture food production 69 respondents from different subsectors of aquaculture production-operators of shrimp and tilapia hatcheries and grow-out; milkfish/marine fish grow-out, gov t field workers, and feed and aquatic products suppliers

30 Tilapia grow out Tilapia hatchery Milkfish/ Marine fish grow out Shrimp hatchery Amoxicillin Doxycycline Erythromycin Enrofloxacin Florfenicol Neomycin sulfate Norfloxacin Oxytetracycline Oxolinic acid Antibiotics Rifampicin Sulfamonomethoxine Sulfaquinoxaline Trimetophrim-Sulfadiazine

31 Association of South-East Asian Nations (ASEAN) GUIDELINES FOR THE USE OF CHEMICALS IN AQUACULTURE AND MEASURES TO ELIMINATE THE USE OF HARMFUL CHEMICALS 31

32 Disease Monitoring for Aquatic Animal Health NATIONAL FISHERIES LABORATORY DIVISION

33 Analysis conducted in shrimp (2017) Analyses No. of sample No. of Positive 1. EHP AHPND/EMS WSSV IHHNV IMNV MBV Samples collected by BFAR central and regional laboratories, and submitted by industries *PL and grow-out stages 7. TSV NHPB YHV/GAV PvNV 90 0

34 BACTERIA IDENTIFIED FROM API 20E Species Bacteria Identified Organs 1 Tilapia Enterobacter cloacae Kidney 2 Red Tilapia Pseudomonas luteola Spleen 3 Red Tilapia Enterobacter sakazakii Spleen 4 Red Tilapia Pseudomonas aeroginosa Liver 5 Siganid Vibrio alginolyticus Kidney 6 Siganid Vibrio alginolyticus Spleen 7 Siganid Vibrio alginolyticus Liver 8 Siganid Escherichia coli 2 Spleen 9 Eel Pleisomonas shigelloides Liver

35 BACTERIA IDENTIFIED FROM API 20 STREP Species Bacteria Identified Organs 1Pompano Streptococcus agalactiae Kidney 2Pompano Streptococcus agalactiae Caudal 3Pompano Streptococcus agalactiae Brain 4Pompano Streptococcus agalactiae Liver 5Tilapia Gemella haemolysans Spleen 6Tilapia Gemella haemolysans Liver 7Tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae Kidney 8Tilapia Gemella haemolysans Kidney 9Tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae Brain 10Tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae Liver 11Tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae Spleen

36 BACTERIA IDENTIFIED FROM API STAPH Species Bacteria Identified Organs 1Ornamental Fish Staphylococcus cohnii Kidney 2 Discus Staphylococcus cohnii Spleen 3 Tilapia Micrococcus spp. Liver 4 Pompano Staphylococcus xylosus Caudal 5 Pompano Staphylococcus sciuri Speen 6 Tilapia Staphylococcus xylosus Kidney 7 Tilapia Micrococcus spp. Kidney 8 Red Tilapia Micrococcus spp. Brain 9 Tilapia Staphylococcus xylosus Brain 10 Tilapia Staphylococcus sciuri Brain 11 Tilapia Staphylococcus sciuri Spleen 12 Tilapia Staphylococcus xylosus Kidney 13 Eel Staphylococcus haemolyticus Spleen 14 Eel Staphylococcus aureus Kidney 15 Red Tilapia Staphylococcus capitis Liver

37 API 20NE Species Bacteria Identified No. Species Bacteria Identified No. 1 Ornamental Fish Aeromonas hydrophila/caviae Spleen 20 Tilapia Vibrio cholerae Kidney 2 Discus Shiwanella putrefaciens Liver 21 Tilapia Aeromonas hydrophila/caviae Brain 3 Discus Shiwanella putrefaciens Spleen 22 Tilapia Vibrio cholerae Liver 4 Discus Aeromonas sobria Spleen 23 Tilapia Aeromonas sobria Kidney 5 Tilapia Aeromonas sobria 3 24 Tilapia Aeromonas hydrophila/caviae 5 6 Tilapia Aeromonas sobria Liver 25 Tilapia Aeromonas sobria Kidney 7 Pompano Vibrio alginolyticus 2 26 Tilapia Aeromonas sobria Brain 8 Pompano Vibrio parahaemolyticus 3 27 Tilapia Plesiomonas shigelloides Brain 9 Pompano Photobacterium damselae Kidney 28 Eel Aeromonas sobria Kidney 10 Pompano Vibrio alginolyticus Brain 29 Eel Aeromonas hydrophila/caviae Kidney 11 Pompano Vibrio parahaemolyticus Liver 30 Red tilapia Aeromonas hydrophila/caviae Brain 12 Pompano Vibrio alginolyticus Liver 31 Eel Burkholderia cepacia Liver 13 Aeromonas hydrophila/caviae Liver 32 Ornamental Aeromonas hydrophila/caviae Liver Pompano Fish 14 Pompano Vibrio spp Eel Aeromonas hydrophila/caviae Kidney 15 Pompano Vibrio parahaemolyticus Caudal 34 Eel Vibrio alginolyticus Kidney 16 Tilapia Aeromonas sobria Fin 35 Eel Aeromonas hydrophila/caviae 2 17 Tilapia Shiwanella putrefaciens Kidney 36 Eel Shiwanella putrefaciens Liver 18 Tilapia Aeromonas hydrophila/caviae Muscle 37 Eel Aeromonas sobria Liver 19 Tilapia Aeromonas sobria 2 36 Eel Shiwanella putrefaciens Liver 37 Eel Aeromonas sobria Liver

38

39 Key Strat 2: Strengthen surveillance and laboratory capacity Objective Activity Measurement Responsible Agency 1. To develop programs and systems for surveillance and monitoring of AMR Development of surveillance and monitoring system for AMR and AMU in food-producing animals Data collection/sampling/ testing/analysis of drug residue in animals (focus on AMR) Manual of procedures and harmonized standards; AMR/AMU reports in animal species;protocols for reporting system and feedback system Data collected samples tested/analyzed and results reviewed A report on the occurrence of AMR in animal species and on production practices relevant to the emergence of AMR DA (BAI and BFAR DA (BAI and BFAR

40 Objective Activity Measurement Responsible Agency 1. To develop programs and systems for surveillance and monitoring of AMR Sampling and testing analysis for antibiotic susceptibility testing based on internationally accepted standard Monitoring of AMR and AMU trends in food producing animals Reports on AMR in animal species Regular dissemination of reports on AMR in animal species DA (BAI and BFAR DA (BAI and BFAR

41 Key Strat 3. Ensure uninterrupted access to essential medicines of assured quality Objective Activity Measurement Responsible agency To improve the registration, marketing authorization and post marketing surveillance of antimicrobials Process streamlining of review and release of marketing of new antibiotics that address priority infectious diseases in the country Protocols for facilitated processes of review and marketing authorization of new antibiotics available in websites; issuance of certificate of product registration, LTO for antimicrobials and importation clearance DOH (FDA) and DA (BAI, BFAR and OPP)

42 Key Strat 3. Ensure uninterrupted access to essential medicines of assured quality Objective Activity Measurement Responsible agency Forging an agreement on regulatory control over drugs used in aquaculture Rationalization and harmonization of regulatory control over the manufacture and use of antibiotics in animals Approved joint AO including sanctions on products with positive antibiotic residue Agreed policy between DA and DOH; Enactment of animal industry and veterinary services act DOH (FDA) and DA (BFAR) DOH (FDA) and DA (BFAR)

43 Key Strat 3. Ensure uninterrupted access to essential medicines of assured quality Objective Activity Measurement Responsible agency Develop database of registered antimicrobials, including quantitative production and importation Quality monitoring of veterinary drugs Database available in website Quality reports DA (BAI and BFAR)and DOH (FDA) DA (BAI and BFAR)and DOH (FDA)

44 Objective Activity Measuremen t To ensure access to essential medicine Forging of partnership with healthcare professionals, organization and consumer group Review of issuances related to access to antimicrobials, especially in the distribution and sale in drug outlet Strict enforcement of regulation on antibiotic prescription, dispensing and use MOA/MOU Reports; minutes of meeting Monitoring reports Responsible agency DOH (FDA) and DA (BAI and BFAR) DA (BAI and BFAR)and DOH (FDA) DA (BAI and BFAR

45 Key Strat 4. Regulate and promote rational use of medicine in humans and animal health sectors Objective Activity Measurement To foster enabling environment for the rational use of medicines Conduct of coordination meeting and workshops for implementation of policies with local government Review of existing regulatory controls for registration, advertising and importation and end use Improve implementation and policy on prescribing and dispensing veerinary drugs (VDO Status report on the strengthening of variousregulations for vet drugs; compedium of relevant laws, AOs and circulars Compliance report

46 Key Strat 5. Enhance infection prevention and control across all settings Objective Activity Measurement Responsibl e agency To implement programs on IPC Implementation of Good Husbandry Practices (GAHP) and Good Aquaculture Practices as Phil National Standard Strengthen animal health capacity Training sessions conducted, number of farm registered with GAqP, validation of codes of good practices (audits and renewal) Workshops conducted/info materials disseminated on implementation of relevant policies on proper use of antimicrobials

47 Industry and government are sought to take pledge during workshops

48 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS o THANKS TO FAO FOR MAKING THIS PROJECT POSSIBLE o CORDIAL RATITUDE FOR INCLUDING THE PHILIPPINES IN THE PROJECT AND THE ISSUE ON ANTIMICROBIAL IN AQUACULTURE IS NEW TO THE PHILIPPINES o THANKS MELBA REANTAZO FOR ENSURING OUR PARTICIPATION IN THIS ACTIVITY

49 Thank you