Course Curriculum and Assignments. VTHT 2209: Food Animal Clinical Management

Transcription

1 Distance Education Veterinary Technology Program Course Curriculum and Assignments VTHT 2209: Food Animal Clinical Management This program is a cooperative educational effort of the American Animal Hospital Association and Cedar Valley College Copyright 2006 David L. Wright, D.V.M. Educational opportunities are offered by the Dallas County Community College District without regard to race, color, age, national origin, religion, sex, disability, or sexual orientation. Food Animal Clinical Care 1

2 I). Course Description: Food Animal Clinical Management is a veterinary technology course designed to provide instruction in the areas outlined in the topic schedule. Students must read the required assignments, successfully complete the workbook and other assignments, and pass the scheduled exams to receive credit for the course. II). Course Objectives: This course is designed to teach and document the successful completion and assimilation of the Committee on Veterinary Technician Education and Activities (CVTEA) requirement for instruction in diseases, preventative medicine, environmental hygiene, breed identification, and nutrition of cattle, sheep, goats, and swine. III). DEVTP Program Information: Program Phone: Office Hours: 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM Monday Friday (Central Time Zone) Program Fax: Information: Mailing Address: Cedar Valley College DEVTP Program 3030 N. Dallas Avenue Lancaster, TX IV). Course Instructor: Erica Wick, A.A.S., R.V.T. Instructor EAW3505@dcccd.edu Instructor Phone: V). Course Materials: A). Keeping Livestock Healthy, Haynes, 4th edition, Storey Books B). Course Workbook C). A medical dictionary such as Stedman s Illustrated Medical Dictionary, Dorland s Illustrated Medical Dictionary, or Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary Food Animal Clinical Care 2

3 VI). Clinical Preceptors: Preceptors are extremely important to your success in the course. Being a preceptor is a position that requires time, commitment, and dedication. In most cases it is advantageous for students to have multiple preceptors, each with an interest in a specific area. In some practices, only one or two people may qualify to serve as a preceptor. However, in other practices, many individuals may be qualified to serve in this capacity. Multiple preceptors will decrease the burden on any one person in the practice in his or her preceptor responsibilities and assist the student in the completion of assignments and examinations. Each student is required to have at least one qualified preceptor for the course or courses for which they are enrolled. All preceptors must meet the minimum requirements for preceptor approval. Each preceptor must be a graduate D.V.M. or V.M.D., a graduate of an AVMA/CVTEAaccredited program of veterinary technology, or a person credentialed as an RVT, LVT, or CVT. Preceptors must always directly witness, participate in, or personally initial check-off sheets for assignments for the student to receive credit. Preceptors should never sign on weekly assignment lists or any other document without directly meeting these requirements. Preceptors are required to complete, monitor, and maintain Off Campus Clinical Instruction (OCCI) Standards. Individual applications must be submitted and approval granted for each preceptor. New preceptors may be added at any time. To add a new preceptor, just contact the program office and we will fax or mail you an additional preceptor form. VII). Student Code of Conduct: Students in distance education courses are expected to follow the rules and policies stated in the student code of conduct in the Cedar Valley College and D.C.C.C. catalog. Failure to follow these rules may result in disciplinary action by the instructor and/or the college. Food Animal Clinical Care 3

4 VIII). Important Information: This course is an advanced-level veterinary technology course. As such, you may be required by the assignments in this workbook to perform tasks reserved by law or statute for credentialed veterinary technicians. It is imperative that you follow the requirements of your locality regarding the tasks assigned in this workbook. You should follow the assignment schedule in the course workbook, and NOT use your enrollment in the DEVTP as a means of circumventing local laws or regulations. If laws disallow you from performing a given procedure, your preceptor should note that on the preceptor checklist. Points will not be deducted if a procedure is not performed because of legal constraints. Neither Cedar Valley College nor the American Animal Hospital Association advocate students performing tasks not legally allowable for non-credentialed individuals. However, as a student in DEVTP courses you may have certain rights as a student depending on your locality. Please check your state or provincial regulations carefully and always follow them. Food Animal Clinical Care 4

5 IX). Submission of Assignments: A). All written work and required submissions should be submitted by directly to the specific staff member that administers that class. B). You should submit your work ONLY to the person that administers each of your individual courses. C). You should use your private account to send in all work either as a word processed document attachment, preferably in MS Word, or as a scanned attachment. D). Please do not send in homework as the actual text of the . E). The subject line of the should list the class and the week that you are sending. For example the subject line should read something like VETT 1001 Week Five. In the body or text of the you must give us your name. We have no way of knowing who you are just from the address. You MUST give us the class, the week, and your name to receive credit for the submission. F). The Weekly Preceptor Checklist should be signed each week by your preceptor, and then you should scan it and send it in as an attachment with your weekly submissions. G). If you do your work in freehand, it must be neat, legible, and in done in dark ink. Pencil will not show up if it is scanned and then sent. H). For more specific information on how to send work as an attachment and how to scan, save and send information, please see the posted directions in the Assignments section of your site. Food Animal Clinical Care 5

6 IX). Student Credit and Grading: A). To receive a passing grade for this course students must achieve an average grade of 70 percent or greater for the course. Since the course is both clinical and didactic, students should complete the written and clinical assignments and the tests with a grade of 70 percent or better. Examination and assignment grades will be available to students through the BlackBoard Course Information system. Students should check the Check Grade section of Student Tools in BlackBoard daily to ensure that assignments and exams have been received and posted. Assignment grades should be posted by the Monday following the assignments due date. At peak submission times there may be an additional 24- to 48-hour delay in posting grades. All earned points will be added together and divided by the number of total possible points to determine the final course grade as a percentage. This percentage grade will be mailed to students at the end of the course. Grades will be posted on each student s official college transcript as CP (Credit Passing) or as CF (Course Failure). If students wish to be eligible to convert courses to college credit at a later date, a 70 percent score (CP) will be required for each course, and the student must meet applicable Off-Campus Clinical Instruction requirements. Students may finish and submit assignments ahead of the workbook schedule, but assignments and required course work must be submitted by the end of the week that they are due or the submissions are subject to the point penalty described in part D. below. Students are very strongly encouraged to work at the pace set in the workbook to achieve the maximum benefit and learning from the course. Final course grades and a certificate will be mailed to students at the end of the term after final grades are calculated. B). Final numerical grades will be based on the following scale: 90% or greater of the total points. 100% to 90% = A, 89% to 80% = B, 79% to 70% = C, and below 70% = F. C). s will be sent directly to you with specific information on any corrections to your submitted work. If you receive a perfect score, we will post the grade and will not send back your assignments. If we do have corrections or comments on your assignments we will put those in the form of an and send that to you as soon as possible after grading your work. It is therefore essential that you enter your address in your course site and that it is visible in the Roster section in each and every one of your course sites. You will need to check your class grades and messages daily. This procedure will insure that you will have corrected assignments and feedback as soon as possible to use to in studying for your exams. Often corrected work can be in the mail when you need it the most as a study resource. The that we send you will list the name of the class, which assignment it is, which question it is, and the correct answer or comments on your submission. This will allow you to get better feedback, much more quickly. If you wish to receive your paper copies back in the mail, just send then to us by U.S. mail and include a stamped, self-addressed envelope, and once your assignments are graded we will mail Food Animal Clinical Care 6

7 them back to you in the return envelope. If you choose to submit your work by U.S. mail, the required work MUST be received by the date the work is due, not the post mark date. This will insure that assignments and submissions are received, graded and returned in a timely manner. D). Please Note: Points will be deducted for persistently late or tardy submission of assignments and required course work. A 25% point-loss, per week, penalty will be assessed for persistently late work. If you are going to be more than a week late in submitting your course work, you should contact the person that administers your class in writing or by , let them know what the si tuation or problems is, and request an extension. To keep good records and to insure that everyone is clear on your expectations, all requests MUST be made by or in writing. There is too much chance of miscommunication or confusion if the situation is handled strictly on the phone. If we are in contact with you and know what is happening, we can make suitable arrangements to accept late work without penalty. Work submitted late, without prior approval is subject to the tardy submission penalty stated above. If students have not submitted enough assignments and completed enough exams to maintain a passing average by Unit Six, they and their preceptors will be sent a letter of Administrative Withdrawal (AW) by the program. E). In level 3 classes that require a video submission (General Hospital 3, Exam Procedures 3, and Surgical Procedures 3), the required videos must be submitted and received no later than the end of week 10. In all classes, including those, all written and clinical assignments, including course task checklists, are due at the end of week 11 of the course. The last week of classes, week 12, is to be utilized strictly as finals week and students should use that period to complete final written exams in their course(s). Written assignments, clinical assignments, and course task checklists received after the end of the 11th week will be subject to the same point penalties as any other assignment. It is important that you complete all your submissions, except for final on-line exams, before the end of the week 11. F). From time to time students may request an extension beyond the end course date. Extensions may only be granted for reasons of personal illness or injury, close family member illness or injury, or the death of an immediate family. To receive an extension beyond the end term date, students must provide proper documentation of their illness or injury, their immediate family members illness or injury, or the death in the family. In the case of illness or injury this will require a specific signed letter from a physician. In the case of a death in family a published death notice or suitable external documentation will be sufficient. In both cases students must also provide a signed letter from an approved preceptor or a practice manager stating that the circumstances for the requested extension were sufficient to require that the student was not able to accomplish a specific number of days assignments. End of course extensions will be commensurate with the time that the student was unable to complete required course work. If you were out sick a week, it is appropriate to grant a weeks extension, and so on. If there are any other requests for extension they should be directed to both the course instructor and the course Food Animal Clinical Care 7

8 administrator. Requests for end of term extensions other than injury, illness or a death in the family will be handled on a case by case basis. The final decision to grant end of course extensions will rest with the course instructor. G). You will have on-line exams in this class. The exam will be posted one week before the actual exam week, and will remain available until one week past the assigned exam week. At the end of the third week that the exam was posted it will be made unavailable and may not be taken after tha t date without the specific approval of the course instructor. Approved excuses to take the exam after it has been made unavailable include documented personal injury or illness, close family member injury or illness, or a death in the family. (See F. above) H).If students feel that they have received an unfair evaluation on an assignment or exam, they should contact the instructor to resolve the situation. If a student wishes to appeal the decision of the instructor, the student should contact the Veterinary Technology Program Director. Food Animal Clinical Care 8

9 X). Specific Point Values for Assignments and Examinations: Week Type of Assignment Point Value Discussion Board 50 Assignment Weekly Tutorials Preceptor Checklist 5 2 Preceptor Checklist 5 3 Preceptor Checklist 5 4 Preceptor Checklist 5 Examination One 50 5 Preceptor Checklist 5 6 Preceptor Checklist 5 7 Preceptor Checklist 5 8 Preceptor Checklist 5 Examination Two 50 9 Preceptor Checklist 5 10 Preceptor Checklist 5 11 Preceptor Checklist 5 12 Examination Three 50 Total Points 365 Grading Scale: 365 to 329 points = A 328 to 292 points = B 291 to 256 points = C 255 and below points = F Food Animal Clinical Care 9

10 XI. Course Assignment Schedule: Week Topic Text and Pages 1 1. Introduction to VTHT Breeds of Livestock 2 1. Nutrition and Health of Livestock 3 1. Housing and Health of Livestock 4 1. Reproduction of Livestock 2. Examination One 5 1. Diseases of Cattle and Small Ruminants 6 1. Diseases of Cattle and Small Ruminants 7 1. Diseases of Cattle and Small Ruminants 8 1. Diseases of Cattle and Small Ruminants 2. Examination Two 9 1. Diseases of Cattle and Small Ruminants Diseases of Cattle, Small Ruminants, and Swine Blackboard Blackboard Haynes, pp , 36-39, Haynes, pp , 54-57, Haynes, pp , Haynes, pp Haynes, pp Haynes, pp Haynes, pp Haynes, pp Haynes, pp Diseases of Swine Haynes, pp Examination Three Food Animal Clinical Care 10

11 XII). When Your Assignments are Due: Specific information on the specific dates and times that assignments are due is posted on your course web site in the Assignments section. Please consult it and follow the assignment and exam schedule that is posted there. XIII). Academic Honesty: Strict academic honesty is expected, and personal and professional integrity is valued in the Dallas County Community Colleges. Scholastic dishonesty is a violation of the Code of Student Conduct. Scholastic dishonesty includes, but is not limited to, cheating on a test, plagiarism, falsifying documents, forgery, and collusion. As a college student, you are considered a responsible adult. Your enrollment indicates acceptance of the DCCCD Code of Student Conduct published in the DCCCD Catalog. More information is available at Food Animal Clinical Care 11

12 VTHT UNIT ONE I). Introduction: It is important to review the assignments for each unit, especially for Unit One. As in previous courses, schedule your time wisely and appropriately, and pay special attention to the assignment schedule. Assignments should be completed according to the schedule listed in the syllabus and in the workbook to receive full credit and benefit for each class or assignment. All assignments more than one week (7 days) late may be assessed a 25% penalty for each week late. The course officially closes 7 days after the last assignment due date. Any submissions received after that date will NOT be accepted. You are strongly encouraged to schedule an appointment with your preceptor and review both the student assignments for the course as well as the duties and responsibilities of the preceptor. You should first review the materials for the week s class and then schedule your clinical and study time to accomplish the tasks and assignments with your preceptor. A specific time should be scheduled with your preceptor for clinical assignments. Examinations should be completed by the scheduled date. It is the responsibility of you and your preceptor to ensure that exams are completed at the appropriate time. II). Required On-Line Assignments: During this, and most of your other courses, you will have specific and required online assignments or classes. At the first of every term, you should open the Course Documents section of your course site and note the on-line assignments for this class. Very early in your class, determine which on-line assignments we will be doing, print off the instructions, and explore and become familiar with the sites and areas that you will be using. III). Unit Tutorials: In your course web site there are Unit Tutorials posted. These tu torials are designed to enhance your learning experience in this class and to provide Internet based resources to supplement and compliment your texts and any required videos. You should review each unit s tutorial each week, and read though any supplemental web sites and complete any weekly self tests or other exercises. The Unit Tutorials can be a valuable and interesting learning tool. Food Animal Clinical Care 12

13 IV). ecampus Assignment: Introduction to the Course Breeds of Livestock V). Week One Objectives: A). Describe and discuss the characteristics of the required breeds of cattle, small ruminants, and swine listed on in the course website. B). Familiarize yourself with the On-Line requirements of the course and prepare to participate in the required assignments. C). Read through the Unit Tutorial and complete any self tests or exercises, and view the linked Internet web sites. D). All Unit One required submissions are due to the course administrator and must be received by the Monday following the first week of the course. They must be accompanied by the signed preceptor checklist for the first unit of the course. VI). Assignment One: Read through the workbook and the information posted on the course web site. You should be familiar with the requirements of the class, the various types of assignments that you will be required to complete, and the criteria for completing this class. Should you have any questions about the course or any of its requirements you should contact a veterinary technology staff member immediately. VII). Assignment Two: Listed in the Course Documents section of the Blackboard site is an assignment on the breeds of cattle, sheep, goats, and pigs. Please open the Course Documents section, and then open the section labeled as Week One Assignment Two. Once you have completed this assignment, discuss any questions you may have with your preceptor or a DEVTP staff member. VIII). Assignment Three: Read and study the Unit Tutorial posted on the course web site and complete any self tests or exercises. Please view and read though the information on the linked web sites Food Animal Clinical Care 13

14 Submit this completed, initialed, and signed page as well as any required submissions to the course administrator as an attachment no later than the Monday following the first week of the course. PRECEPTOR CHECK LIST WEEK ONE FOOD AN. C. C. Preceptor note: On written assignments, the preceptor is only required to verify that the questions were answered. The preceptor is not required to grade written assignments, but discussion and professional evaluation will help the student. Task or Assignment 1. Reading Assignment: Review the course syllabus and materials and contact the DEVTP staff with any questions or concerns. 2. Reading assignment: Review the assignment on breeds of cattle, sheep, goats and pigs listed in the course Blackboard site as Week One Assignment Two. Preceptor Initials Student Name (printed) Preceptor Signature Student or Preceptor comments: Food Animal Clinical Care 14

15 Week Two Nutrition and Health I). Reading Assignment: Keeping Livestock Healthy, by Haynes Pages (Cattle) Pages (Swine) Pages (Sheep and Goats) II). Overview of Week Two: During week two you will learn the essential requirements and nutritional needs of cattle, sheep, goats, and swine. You should pay attention to the role that nutrition plays in the overall health of food animals, as well as how nutrition may effect reproduction, immunity and other aspects of these animals susceptibility to disease. III). Week Two Objectives and Assignments: A. Describe the nutritional requirements of cattle and discuss methods used to insure that cattle are properly fed. B. Describe the nutritional requirements of small ruminants and discuss methods used to insure that sheep and goats are properly fed. C. Describe the nutritional requirements of swine and discuss methods used to insure that swine are properly fed. D. All Week Two required submissions are due to the course instructor or must be postmarked by the Monday following the second week of the course. They must be accompanied by the signed preceptor checklist for the second week of the course. Food Animal Clinical Care 15

16 IV). Assignment One: Based on the reading in the Hayes text, pages 19-32, Nutrition and Health of cattle answer the following questions. You are required to show your answers or work to your preceptor for confirmation of assignment completion 1. As a general rule what percentage of body weight should a calf receive daily in whole milk or whole milk equivalent? 2. What undesirable results can occur from overfeeding calves? 3. What is colostrum? 4. Why is colostrum important for newborn calves? 5. What role can milk replacers play in the nutrition of calves? 6. What general guidelines should be followed when feeding milk replacers? 7. Describe the sanitation measures that should be taken when feeding and caring for calves? 8. How is the nutritional value of forage determined? 9. Define the term TDN. 10. Why is it important to assure the proper amount and ratio of mineral components in the diet of cattle? 11. In your own words describe the basic function and importance of each of the following nutrients required in the diet of cattle: Fiber Protein Salt Calcium Phosphorus Vitamin D Magnesium Potassium Iron Iodine Cobalamin Vitamin A Vitamin C Vitamin E 12. List the four compartments of the stomach of ruminants and describe the function of each compartment. 13. How many teeth do cattle have on their upper dental pad? 14. What role might dietary urea play in the nutrition of cattle? 15. What problems might urea cause if fed suddenly or in excess amounts to cattle? 16. Why are deficiencies of B vitamins rarely a cause of concern in cattle? 17. Why would the old adage you don t feed a cow, you feed a rumen be very true? 18. How would the diets and methods of feeding dairy cattle and beef cattle differ? Food Animal Clinical Care 16

17 19. If you were going into the cattle business, what type of operation would you most like to have and why? (Dairy? Beef Cattle? Show Cattle?) V). Assignment Two: Based on the reading in the Hayes text, pages 36-39, Nutrition and Health of Swine answer the following questions. You are required to show your answers or work to your preceptor for confirmation of assignment completion 1. Why is feeding garbage to swine an inadvisable practice? 2. When did the last outbreak of foot and mouth disease occur in this country? What effect did the last outbreak of foot and mouth disease have in the United Kingdom? 3. Why are formula feeds good choices for feeding pigs? 4. If you were going to prepare your own feed for pigs, what would be the best constituents? 5. What common dietary problems can arise in pigs? 6. Why do pigs need plenty of fresh clean water and the proper amount of salt in their diets? 7. Taste not withstanding, how well w ould you do, nutritionally speaking, on a quality commercial pig ration? VI). Assignment Three: Based on the reading in the Hayes text, pages 39-43, Nutrition and Health of Sheep and Goats answer the following questions. You are required to show your answers or work to your preceptor for confirmation of assignment completion 1. Even though the nutritional needs of sheep and goats are discussed together in the text, how do the nutritional needs of these two species differ? 2. In what respect are goats nutri tionally different from sheep and cattle? 3. Why are sheep, as a general rule, cheap and easy to feed? 4. What feeding practices may lead to pregnancy disease or ketosis in sheep? 5. Why should sheep and goats be supplemented with loose salt, rather than salt blocks like cattle? 6. A client calls you and says that they have decided to raise an orphan lamb for a friend. The only problem is that they know nothing about sheep or lambs. Describe what you would tell them about feeding the lamb. (Pay attention to this question, because this really does happen more often than you think. There are few things cuter, more adorable, or more pathetic, than a baby lamb.) Food Animal Clinical Care 17

18 7. Why is the statement that good nutrition is fundamental to good health especially true with livestock? VII). Assignment Four: Read and study the Unit Tutorial posted on the course web site and complete any self tests or exercises. Please view and read though the information on the linked web sites Food Animal Clinical Care 18

19 Submit this completed, initialed, and signed page as well as any required submissions to the course administrator as an attachment no later than the Monday following the second week of the course. PRECEPTOR CHECK LIST WEEK TWO - FOOD AN. C. C. Preceptor note: On written assignments, the preceptor is only required to verify that the questions were answered. The preceptor is not required to grade written assignments, but discussion and professional evaluation will help the student. Task or Assignment 1. Reading assignment: Answer 19 questions on the nutrition of cattle based on the reading in the Hayes text 2. Reading assignment: Answer 7 questions on the nutrition of swine based on the reading in the Hayes text 3. Reading assignment: Answer 7 questions on the nutrition of sheep and goats based on the reading in the Hayes text Preceptor Initials Student Name (printed) Preceptor Signature Student or Preceptor comments: Food Animal Clinical Care 19

20 Week Three Housing and Health I). Reading Assignment: Keeping Livestock Healthy, by Haynes Pages (Cattle) Pages (Swine) Pages (Sheep and Goats) II). Overview of Week Three: During week two you will learn the essential environmental and hygiene needs of cattle, sheep, goats, and swine. You should pay attention to the role that environment and hygiene play in the overall health of these animals, as well as how these factors may effect reproduction, immunity and other aspects of the animal s susceptibility to disease. III). Week Three Objectives and Assignments: A. Discuss the environmental and hygiene requirements of cattle and how to insure that cattle are properly cared for in these areas. B. Discuss the environmental and hygiene of small ruminants and how to insure that sheep and goats are cared for in these areas. C. Discuss the environmental and hygiene of swine and how to insure that swine are cared for in these areas. D. All Week Three required submissions are due to the course instructor or must be postmarked by the Monday following the third week of the course. They must be accompanied by the signed preceptor checklist for the third week of the course. Food Animal Clinical Care 20

21 IV). Assignment One: Based on the reading in the Hayes text, pages 44-52, Housing and Health of cattle answer the following questions. You are required to show your answers or work to your preceptor for confirmation of assignment completion 1. How would the housing requirements of cattle vary with the geographical location? (Minnesota versus Texas, for example.) 2. What types of special housing are required for dairy cattle? What special hosing arrangements and facilities must be met to comply with the laws and regulations for sanitation and milk safety? 3. What special precautions should be taken with stall beds to insure the safety of the cattle and the people who work around them? 4. Why is good ventilation very important with cattle in barns? 5. Why are free-stall barns become more and more popular? 6. What precautions can be taken to help prevent teat injuries to dairy cattle? Why can teat injuries be a cause of serious economic concern to a dairy farmer? 7. Why is proper housing so important to dairy calves? 8. What is the purpose behind pen rotation? 9. What is a calf hutch, and what is its purpose? 10. Why is it essential to check and maintain electrical systems in barns and around cattle in general? 11. What advantages would there be in having cows calve in maternity pens? 12. What is the ideal traction and sanitation surface for cattle? V). Assignment Two: Based on the reading in the Hayes text, pages 54-57, Housing and Health of Swine answer the following questions. You will be required to show your answers to your preceptor to assure assignment completion. 1. What is a farrowing house? 2. What are the ideal characteristics of a farrowing house? 3. Why are thorough and continuous sanitation measures essential for any confined swine operation? 4. What is the optimal temperature required for baby pigs for the first two or three days of life? 5. How can baby pigs be protected from harm inflicted by their mother? 6. What advantages do slotted floors and liquid manure handling systems offer? Food Animal Clinical Care 21

22 7. At what age are baby pigs usually weaned and moved to separate facilities? 8. What causes the condition known as spraddle-legged pigs and how might the condition be avoided? VI). Assignment Three: Based on the reading in the Hayes text, pages 57-58, Housing and Health of Sheep and Goats answer the following questions. You are required to show your answers or work to your preceptor for confirmation of assignment completion 1. Why is it advantageous to have barns for dairy goats as opposed to free ranging? 2. What special precautions and housing arrangements should be taken with lambing ewes? 3. Why do sheep and goats make the perfect range animals for vast, isolated, and open areas? VII). Assignment Four: Read and study the Unit Tutorial posted on the course web site and complete any self tests or exercises. Please view and read though the information on the linked web sites Food Animal Clinical Care 22

23 Submit this completed, initialed, and signed page as well as any required submissions to the course administrator as an attachment no later than the Monday following the third week of the course. PRECEPTOR CHECK LIST WEEK THREE - FOOD AN. C. C. Preceptor note: On written assignments, the preceptor is only required to verify that the questions were answered. The preceptor is not required to grade written assignments, but discussion and professional evaluation will help the student. Task or Assignment 1. Written assignment: Answer 12 questions based on the reading in the Hayes text on the housing and health of cattle. 2. Written assignment: Answer 8 questions based on the reading in the Hayes text on the housing and health of swine. 3. Written assignment: Answer 3 questions based on the reading in the Hayes text on the housing and health of sheep and goats Preceptor Initials Student Name (printed) Preceptor Signature Student or Preceptor comments: Food Animal Clinical Care 23

24 Week Four Animal Reproduction Examination One I). Reading Assignment: Keeping Livestock Healthy, by Haynes Pages and II). Testing Assignment: Complete Examination One posted on the course Blackboard site. The exam will cover material from Weeks One through Three. III). Overview of Week Four: During this week you will learn the reproductive anatomy of male and female cattle, small ruminants and swine. Financial success in raising cattle, sheep, goats, and swine is totally dependent on an efficient and fruitful reproductive program. You should understand the basic anatomy of the male and female reproductive systems of livestock, the reproductive physiology of livestock, the special problems or conditions that can occur, and the processes needed to correct the problems. IV). Week Four Objectives and Assignments: A. Discuss the anatomy and physiology of the reproductive systems of cattle, sheep, goats, and swine. B. Describe the problems and conditions that can occur in the reproductive processes of livestock. C. Complete Examination One posted on the course Blackboard site D. All Week Four required submissions are due to the course instructor or must be postmarked by the Monday following the fourth week of the course. They must be accompanied by the signed preceptor checklist for the fourth week of the course. Food Animal Clinical Care 24

25 V). Assignment One: Based on the reading in the Haynes text, pages 59-76, on animal reproduction, answer the following questions. You are required to show your answers or work to your preceptor for confirmation of assignment completion. 1. Make a list of all the things we have because of cattle, sheep, goats, and swine. What would your life be like without these products or by-products? How ethical and moral is it ethical to utilize these animals to obtain any or all of these products? 2. Define each of the following terms: Testicles Follicle Cervix Scrotum FSH Nidation Vas deferens LH Intromission Spermatozoa Estrogen Fertilization Cryptorchid Proestrum Uniparous Testosterone Estrum Placenta Penis Diestrum Cotyledons Libido Anestrum Dystocia Ovaries Seasonally polyestrous Fetotomy Ova Polyestrous Caesarian section Estrous cycle Uterus 3. What are the signs of impending parturition in livestock? 4. What is the normal presentation position in most livestock species? 5. What specific signs or conditions would indicate that a veterinarian is needed to assist with the delivery of livestock? 6. What is torsion of the uterus and how is it most commonly corrected? 7. What should happen immediately after birth to assure quality care of the new born? 8. What advantages does artificial insemination offer the livestock breeder? What are the disadvantages of AI? 9. What are the advantages of a planned mating? How are planned matings achieved? What role do prostaglandins play in the timing and execution of planned matings? 10. Describe the process of embryo transfer. What advantages does embryo transfer offer to the livestock breeder? Food Animal Clinical Care 25

26 VI). Assignment Two: Based on the reading in the Haynes text, pages and , on the reproduction of cattle, sheep, goats and swine, answer the following questions. You are required to show your answers or work to your preceptor for confirmation of assignment completion 1. How do often do cattle normally come into estrus? 2. At what age do bulls and heifers normally enter puberty? 3. As a general rule, at what age or weight can heifers be bred? 4. Why might is it a good management practice to breed heifers to Longhorn or Jersey bulls? 5. What is the length of the gestation period in cattle? 6. Describe the changes in behavior of cows and heifers that would indicate that they are entering or are in estrus. 7. What is a breeding rack and why would it be used? 8. One thing we have emphasized through out the entire DEVTP program is the need for good record keeping. Please read pages on Record Keeping and remember that good records are essential in virtually all endeavors. 9. How is pregnancy commonly determined in cattle? 10. Why is the milk progesterone assay test performed? 11. What special precautions should be taken with a cow that has aborted? 12. What are the common external signs that would indicate that a cow is in impending parturition? 13. What are the factors that could cause a retained placenta in cows? Consult with your preceptor and ask them what they believe is the best way of treating retained placentas in cattle. 14. In your own words, explain why treating prolapsed uteri in cattle is one of the least attractive of all veterinary endeavors. 15. At what age do gilts start entering estrus? 16. At what age can gilts be bred? 17. What is the length of the gestation period in pigs? 18. List the physical signs of impending estrus in sows. 19. What are the general guidelines for introducing new boars to a breeding operation? 20. How is pregnancy commonly diagnosed in sows? 21. In your own words describe the techniques for the safe farrowing of sows. 22. What common management practices are commonly performed on baby pigs? 23. How long is the estrous cycle of sheep? Food Animal Clinical Care 26

27 24. What is the length of the gestation period in sheep? 25. What factors contribute to the fertility level of sheep? 26. Describe how barren ewes are identified. 27. What procedures should be performed to prepare ewes for parturition? 28. What management procedures are beneficial for the safe delivery and rearing of lambs? 29. At what age do goats start entering estrus? 30. At what age can goats safely be bred? 31. What is the length of the gestation period in goats? 32. What are physical signs of impending estrus in goats? 33. Describe the process of delivering kids (baby goats, not humans). 34. Why is it important to castrate and disbud kids early in life? Describe the process of disbudding. 35. How bad do bucks really smell? (Hint: If you are unsure find an old intact buck and have a good whiff. Not a moment to be lightly forgotten.) VII). Assignment Three: Read and study the Unit Tutorial posted on the course web site and complete any self tests or exercises. Please view and read though the information on the linked web sites VIII). Assignment Four: Complete Examination One posted on the course Blackboard site. Food Animal Clinical Care 27

28 Submit this completed, initialed, and signed page as well as any required submissions to the course administrator as an attachment no later than the Monday following the fourth week of the course. PRECEPTOR CHECK LIST WEEK FOUR - FOOD AN. C. C. Preceptor note: On written assignments, the preceptor is only required to verify that the questions were answered. The preceptor is not required to grade written assignments, but discussion and professional evaluation will help the student. Task or Assignment 1. Reading assignment: Answer 10 questions from the Haynes text on the anatomy and physiology of the reproductive system of livestock. 2. Reading assignment: Answer 35 questions from the Haynes text on the reproductive processes of cattle, sheep, goats, and swine. Preceptor Initials 3. Examination assignment: Complete Examination One posted on the course Blackboard site. Student Name (printed) Preceptor Signature Student or Preceptor comments: Food Animal Clinical Care 28

29 Week Five Diseases of Cattle and Small Ruminants I). Reading Assignment: Keeping Livestock Healthy, by Haynes Pages (Mastitis and Udder Edema) Pages (Pneumonia) Pages (Shipping Fever) Pages (Colibacillosis) Pages (Pododermatitis) Pages (Brucellosis) Pages (Leptospirosis) Pages (Blackleg) Pages (Malignant Edema) II). Overview of Week Five: Week Five begins the study of the myriad of diseases that can affect cattle, sheep, goats, and swine. The livestock industry traditionally lives on a very thin economic line between solvency and oblivion. To survive, the food animal producer must have a clear grasp of the diseases that affect livestock as well as the causes and available treatments for those diseases if they occur. Most importantly, the producer must how to effectively and efficiently prevent the disease. A significant number of the diseases that are presented here are ones for which there is a safe, effective, and economical vaccine. Herd heath programs, whether in cattle, sheep, goats, or swine are the mainstay of successful food animal production. Good herd health programs include not only disease prevention, but also good nutritional programs, good management techniques, parasite control, facilities management, and so on. As you go through the remainder of the course pay careful attention to the cause of each disease, the morbity and mortality of each disease, and the role that the veterinary technician may play in the treatment or prevention of the disease. III). Week Five Objectives and Assignments: A. Describe the cause, signs and symptoms, treatment, and prevention if applicable, of each of the diseases in the required reading. B. All Week Five required submissions are due to the course instructor or must be postmarked by the Monday following the fifth week of the course. They must be accompanied by the signed preceptor checklist for the fifth week of the course. Food Animal Clinical Care 29

30 IV). Assignment One: Read the pages listed in the Text Assignment at the beginning of Week Five, and answer the following questions based on those pages. You are required to show your answers or work to your preceptor for confirmation of assignment completion 1. List the bacteria that most commonly cause mastitis. 2. Define the disease known as Blue-bag. 3. Based on what you have previously learned about performing cultures and sensitivities on bacterial diseases, why would a C/S be beneficial in acute outbreaks of mastitis? 4. Describe in detail the signs and symptoms of mastitis. 5. Describe in detail the procedures for testing for mastitis. 6. Describe in detail the procedures for preventing mastitis. (Please be aware that in dairy herds mastitis can be a financially devastating disease. Since there is no vaccine, good preventative measures are essential, and you need to be very familiar with these measures. You should also review the anatomy of the udder from the Spurgeon anatomy text.) 7. What things can you tell an owner before the veterinarian arrives to do to minimize the trauma and damage of mastitis? 8. How would the treatment for acute mastitis differ from the treatment for chronic mastitis? 9. Why is observing antibiotic withdrawal times very important? 10. Why does udder edema occur? 11. How can udder edema be distinguished from Mastitis? 12. How might udder edema be treated? 13. What is the long-term pathogenesis of udder edema? 14. List the forms of pneumonia described in the text. 15. List the causes of pneumonia. 16. How does management play a role in the prevention (or cause) of pneumonia? 17. Describe in detail the symptoms of pneumonia. 18. How is pneumonia most effectively treated? 19. Define the complex disease conglomeration know as shipping fever. 20. In which cattle industry is shipping fever the greatest concern? 21. Which organisms are most commonly found as a cause of shipping fever? 22. Describe the signs and symptoms of shipping fever. 23. Describe how shipping fever is commonly treated. Food Animal Clinical Care 30

31 24. Shipping fever is best thought of as a preventable disease. Describe the steps that can be taken to prevent shipping fever. 25. Which bacterial organism is the primary cause of colibacillosis? 26. Describe the signs and symptoms of the enteric form of colibacillosis. 27. Describe the signs and symptoms of the septicemic form of colibacillosis. 28. What procedures may be used to assist in the prevention of colibacillosis? 29. How is colibacillosis most effectively treated? 30. List the common bacterial causes of pododermatitis (foot rot). 31. Describe the signs and symptoms of foot rot. 32. Describe the treatment of foot rot. Why is it important to diagnose the disease very early in its course and treat it promptly and aggressively? 33. List the species of Brucella that can cause brucellosis. 34. What is the common name for Brucellosis in humans? Why is eradication of brucellosis preferable to treatment? 35. What are the signs and symptoms of brucellosis? 36. How is brucellosis spread? 37. How is brucellosis diagnosed? 38. Briefly describe brucellosis in swine. 39. Briefly describe brucellosis in sheep. 40. Which specific vaccine is used to vaccinate cattle against brucellosis? Why is this vaccine not an effective alternative to testing and culling? 41. List the specific species of Leptospira that can cause leptospirosis. 42. How is leptospirosis spread? 43. What is the primary pathogenesis of leptospirosis? 44. How is leptospirosis treated in infected animals? 45. Which organism causes blackleg? 46. Describe the signs and symptoms of blackleg. 47. How is blackleg diagnosed? 48. How is blackleg prevented? (You will hear cattle people talk about vaccinating with a 5-way, or a 6-way, or a 7-way vaccine. They are referring to a vaccine where there are 5, 6, or 7 different diseases that the animals are being vaccinated against. The number of organisms in the vaccine is the number in the way. It is the same as saying a 5-diesease vaccine, or a 6-disease vaccine. Blackleg is always one of the diseases being vaccinated in the mixture. In other words, blackleg is a way or disease being vaccinated against.) Food Animal Clinical Care 31

32 49. Which organism causes malignant edema? (This is a way organism.) 50. What are the signs and symptoms of malignant edema? 51. Describe pathological signs of malignant edema that are found on necropsy? V). Assignment Two: Read and study the Unit Tutorial posted on the course web site and complete any self tests or exercises. Please view and read though the information on the linked web sites Food Animal Clinical Care 32

33 Submit this completed, initialed, and signed page as well as any required submissions to the course administrator as an attachment no later than the Monday following the fifth week of the course. PRECEPTOR CHECK LIST WEEK FIVE - FOOD AN. C. C. Preceptor note: On written assignments, the preceptor is only required to verify that the questions were answered. The preceptor is not required to grade written assignments, but discussion and professional evaluation will help the student. Task or Assignment 1. Reading assignment: Answer 51 questions or assignments on the common diseases of livestock based on the reading in the Haynes text. Preceptor Initials Student Name (printed) Preceptor Signature Student or Preceptor comments: Food Animal Clinical Care 33

34 Week Six Diseases of Cattle and Small Ruminants I). Reading Assignment: Keeping Livestock Healthy, by Haynes Pages (Entertoxemia) Pages (Tetanus) Pages (Botulism) Pages 171 (Bacillary Hemoglobinuria) Pages (Anthrax) Pages (Salmonella) Pages (Tuberculosis) Pages (Paratuberculosis) Pages (Actinomycosis) Page ( Actinobacillosis) II). Overview of Week Six: This week continues the study of the diseases that may affect food animals. Pay careful attention to the cause of each disease, the morbidity and mortality of each disease, and the role that the veterinary technician may play in the treatment or prevention of the disease. III). Week Six Objectives and Assignments: A. Describe the cause, signs and symptoms, treatment, and prevention if applicable, of the diseases in the required reading. B. All Week Six required submissions are due to the course instructor or must be postmarked by the Monday following the sixth week of the course. They must be accompanied by the signed preceptor checklist for the sixth week of the course. Food Animal Clinical Care 34

35 IV). Assignment One: Read the pages listed in the Text Assignment at the beginning of Week Six, and answer the following questions based on those pages. You are required to show your answers or work to your preceptor for confirmation of assignment completion 1. Which organism causes entertoxemia? 2. Describe the signs and symptoms of the 4 types of entertoxemia, when the first symptom isn t acute death. (It is very difficult to ascertain signs and symptoms when they are already cold and stiff.) 3. How is entertoxemia treated when it is caught before death? 4. What methods are used to control entertoxemia? (This is also a way disease.) 5. Which specific organism causes tetanus? 6. Which management practices most commonly lead to the development of tetanus, and why? 7. Describe the signs and symptoms of tetanus in food animals. Why is a good understanding of the myoneural junction essential to truly comprehending this disease? 8. Why is treatment usually unsuccessful with cases of tetanus? 9. How is the best to control tetanus? 10. Which specific organism causes botulism? 11. What are the signs and symptoms of botulism? 12. Why should you always heat your home-canned green beans to boiling before you eat them? (Hint: This applies to canned products from the store, especially when the can has a swollen appearance.) 13. Which specific organism causes infectious necrotic hepatitis? 14. What is the common name for infectious necrotic hepatitis? 15. How is infectious necrotic hepatitis most commonly spread? 16. What unique necropsy findings would you expect with infectious necrotic hepatitis that might separate it from other sudden death diseases in food animals? 17. What is the best method of controlling infectious necrotic hepatitis? (This is a way disease.) 18. Which specific organism causes bacillary hemoglobinuria? 19. What is the common name for bacillary hemoglobinuria? 20. How is bacillary hemoglobinuria spread and transmitted? 21. If caught in the early stages, how might bacillary hemoglobinuria be treated? 22. What is the best method of controlling bacillary hemoglobinuria? (This is a way disease.) Food Animal Clinical Care 35