Chan Kin Onn, 1,2 L. Lee Grismer, 1,3 Shahrul Anuar, 4 Evan Quah, 4 Jesse L. Grismer, 5 Perry L. Wood Jr., 6 Mohd Abdul Muin, 7 and Norhayati Ahmad 8

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1 Russian Journal of Herpetology Vol. 18, No. 4, 2011, pp A NEW SPECIES OF Chiromantis PETERS 1854 (ANURA: RHACOPHORIDAE) FROM PERLIS STATE PARK IN EXTREME NORTHERN PENINSULAR MALAYSIA WITH ADDITIONAL HERPETOFAUNAL RECORDS FOR THE PARK Chan Kin Onn, 1,2 L. Lee Grismer, 1,3 Shahrul Anuar, 4 Evan Quah, 4 Jesse L. Grismer, 5 Perry L. Wood Jr., 6 Mohd Abdul Muin, 7 and Norhayati Ahmad 8 Submitted October 2, Seven new species of amphibians and seven new species of reptiles are added to the herpetofauna of Perlis State Park including a new species of frog of the genus Chiromantis which is described here. The description is based on a single adult male that can be differentiated from all other Asian congeners in having dark spots on the dorsum and top of head; tympanum indistinct; dorsolateral stripe diffuse; width of third finger disc less than width of tympanum; and webbing between the third and fourth finger encompassing one-half of penultimate phalanx of third finger and reaching base of terminal phalanx of fourth finger (III IV). This discovery and the 14 new species records highlights the understudied nature of northern Peninsular Malaysia which has been comparatively unsurveyed. Keywords: Chiromantis marginis; herpetofauna; Southeast Asia; Malaysia; taxonomy. INTRODUCTION The Rhacophorid genus Chiromantis currently contains 15 species which are generally small, arboreal inhabitants of disturbed and primary forest. All are nocturnal and most active during periods of precipitation when males call for females along the edges of permanent and ephemeral bodies of water. Chiromantis is disjunctly distributed in tropical east and west Africa (Frost, 2009), northern India (Dey and Gupta, 2000; Ray, 1992), and most of Southeast Asia (Chan-ard, 2003; Grismer et al., 1 Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. 2 kin_onn@yahoo.com 3 Department of Biology, La Sierra University, 4500 Riverwalk Parkway, Riverside, CA , USA. 4 School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang, Malaysia. 5 Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Natural History Museum & Biodiversity Research Center, University of Kansas, Dyche Hall, 1345 Jayhawk Blvd., Lawrence, KS , USA. 6 Department of Biology, Villanova University, Villanova, PA 19085, USA. 7 Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang, Malaysia. 8 School of Environment and Natural Resource Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. 2007; Norhayati et al., 2005; Orlov et al., 2002; Thy and Holden, 2008; Wilkinson et al., 2003) (Fig. 1). Asian members were previously assigned to the genus Chirixalus, which was demonstrated to be paraphyletic with respect to other rhacophorid genera (Delorme et al., 2005; Frost et al., 2006; Wilkinson, 2002). To avoid paraphyly, C. palpebralis and C. gracilipes were placed under the genus Feihyla (Frost et al., 2006) and Gracixalus (Li et al., 2008), respectively, and the remaining species were placed in the synonymy of Chiromantis. To ensure the monophyly of Chiromantis, C.romeri was then reassigned to the newly erected genus, Liuxalus (Li et al., 2008). The northern states of Perlis, Kedah and Kelantan in Peninsular Malaysia serve as the southernmost limit of numerous species that extend southward from adjacent Thailand along the Malay Peninsula. This is embodied in Perlis State Park (located within Wang Kelian, a town approximately 1 km south of the Thai border) which is the northernmost forest reserve in Peninsular Malaysia and a herpetologically diverse region with 23 documented species of amphibians and 66 species of reptiles (Chan et al., 2010). During March 2010, field work in Perlis State Park resulted in an additional 15 species of amphibians and reptiles which represent new park and state records (Tables 1 and 2), including a new species of frog which we assigned to the genus Chiromantis based on its small Folium Publishing Company

2 254 Chan Kin Onn TABLE 1. Amphibians of Perlis state Taxa Reported by Chan et al. (2009) This study Fig. 1. General distribution of Southeast Asian Chiromantis based on Chan-ard (2003); Inger et al. (1999); Nguyen et al. (2009); Orlov et al. (2002); Stuart (2005); Thy and Holden (2008). size (SVL 22.8 mm), smooth skin on the limbs and body, skin not co-ossified to the skull, and the first two fingers being opposable (Boulenger, 1893; Grismer et al., 2007; Wilkinson, 2003). The only previous record of Chiromantis from Malaysia is C. nongkhorensis (recorded as Chirixalus nongkhorensis) from Ulu Muda Forest Reserve, Kedah in northwestern Peninsular Malaysia, approximately 15 km from the Thai border (Leong and Lim, 2003; Norhayati et al., 2005). However, the specimen from Perlis State Park possesses a combination of unique characters that set it apart from all other congeners and is herein described as a new species. MATERIAL AND METHODS Measurements were taken under a Nikkon SMZ 1500 dissecting microscope with Mitutoyo dial calipers to the nearest 0.1 mm and are as follows: SVL, snout-vent length, taken from the tip of the snout to the vent; HL, head length, taken from the posterior margin of the lower jaw to the tip of the snout; HW, head width, taken immediately posterior to the eyes; ELW, width of upper eyelid, measured from the medial base of the upper eyelid to the lateral edge at its widest point; ED, eye diameter, the distance between the anterior and posterior corners of the upper and lower eyelids; IND, internarial distance, the distance between the nostrils; IOD, interorbital distance, the distance across the top of the head between the medial margins of the orbits at their closest points; SNL, snout length, measured from the anterior corner of the eye where the upper and lower lids meet to the tip of the snout; DNE, distance from the nostril to the eye, taken from the anterior corner of the eye to the posterior edge Bufonidae Duttaphrynus melanostictus Ingerophrynus parvus Phrynoidis aspera Dicroglossidae Fejervarya cancrivora Fejervarya limnocharis Hoplobatrachus rugulosus Occidozyga lima Occidozyga martensii Limnonectes blythii Limnonectes doriae Taylorana hascheana Megophryidae Leptobrachium hendricksoni Xenophrys aceras Microhylidae Kaloula baleata Kaloula pulchra Microhyla heymonsi Microhyla butleri Microhyla berdmorei Microhyla fissipes Micryletta inornata Ranidae Rana glandulosa Rana labialis Rana macrodactyla Rana miopus Rana nigrovittata Odorrana hosii Rhacophoridae Chiromantis marginis sp. nov. Polypedates leucomystax Polypedates macrotis Theloderma licin of the nostril; TD, tympanum diameter, taken as the horizontal width of the tympanum at its widest point; FLL, forelimb length, measured from the elbow to the tip of the third finger; HLT, hand length, measured from the proximal edge of the palmar tubercle to the tip of the third finger; THL, thigh length, measured from the center of the knee to the center of the hind limb insertion; TIL, tibia length, measured from the center of the knee to the center of the ankle; FL, foot length measured from the proximal edge of the inner metatarsal tubercle to the tip of the fourth toe; 3FDW, width of the disk of the third fin-

3 A New Species of Chiromantis (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from Peninsular Malaysia 255 TABLE 2. Reptiles of Perlis state Taxa Reported by Chan et al. (2009) This study TURTLES Bataguridae Cyclemys dentata Heosemys grandis Heosemys spinosa Notochelys platynota Siebenrockiella crassicollis Testudinidae Indotestudo elongata Trionychidae Amyda cartilaginea Dogania subplana LIZARDS Agamidae Acanthosaura armata Acanthosaura cf. crucigera Bronchocela cristatella Calotes emma Calotes versicolor Draco blanfordii Draco abbreviatus Draco formosus Draco maculatus Draco melanopogon Draco sumatranus Draco taeniopterus Gekkonidae Cnemaspis biocellata Cnemaspis kumpoli Cyrtodactylus macrotuberculatus Cyrtodactylus pulchellus Gehyra mutilata Gekko gecko Gekko monarchus Gekko smithii Hemidactylus brookii Hemidactylus platyurus Leiolepididae Leiolepis triploida Scincidae Eutropis multifasciata Eutropis macularius Sphenomorphus tersus Taxa Reported by Chan et al. (2009) This study Varanidae Varanus nebulosus Varanus salvator SNAKES Colubridae Ahaetulla fasciolata Ahaetulla prasina Boiga cynodon Boiga drapiezii Boiga jaspidea Calamaria lumbricoidea Chrysopelea ornata Dendrelaphis kopsteini Dendrelaphis pictus Dryophiops rubescens Enhydris plumbea Gonyosoma oxycephalum Lycodon cf. butleri Lycodon laoensis Macropisthodon rhodomelas Oligodon purpurascens Orthriophis taeniurus Pareas margaritophorus Psammodynastes pulverulentus Ptyas carinatus Ptyas korros Rhadophis chrysargos Xenelaphis hexagonotus Xenochrophis piscator Xenochrophis trianguligerus Elapidae Bungarus candidus Bungarus flaviceps Calliophis bivirgatus Naja kaouthia Naja sumatrana Ophiophagus hannah Viperidae Calloselasma rhodostoma Cryptelytrops cf. venustus Parias hageni Parias sumatranus Tropidolaemus wagleri Typhlopidae Typhlops muelleri ger; and 4TDW, width of the disk of the fourth toe. Digital webbing formulae follow (Savage and Heyer, 1997). Additional character states used in comparing Asian species of Chiromantis were obtained and modified from Grismer et al. (2007) and are presented in Table 3. The holotype has been deposited at the La Sierra University Herpetological Collection, USA (LSUHC). Voucher photographs for new species records have been deposited in the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Digital Photograph Collection (UKMDPC). Voucher specimens have been deposited in the La Sierra University Herpetological Collection (LSUHC) at La Sierra University, Riverside, California and the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

4 256 Chan Kin Onn Herpetological Collection (HC) at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Peninsular Malaysia. RESULTS Systematics Chiromantis marginis sp. nov. (Fig. 2A) Holotype. LSUHC 9700 was collected on 18 March 2010 by Evan Quah, L. Lee Grismer, Chan Kin Onn, Shahrul Anuar, and Jesse L. Grismer at 22:30 from the dam behind Perlis State Park chalets, Perlis, Peninsular Malaysia ( N E; elevation 140 m a.s.l.). Diagnosis. Chiromantis marginis can be distinguished from all other congeners in having a light, narrow, diffuse dorsolateral stripe; small, dark spots on the dorsum, top of head, and dorsal surfaces of limbs; snout truncate; indistinct tympanum; disc on third finger smaller than tympanum; distinct glandular fold between eye and shoulder; and webbing between the third and fourth finger encompassing one-half of penultimate phalanx on third finger and reaching base of terminal phalanx on fourth finger (III IV). Description of holotype. Male 22.9 mm SVL; head wider than body, relatively flat; snout truncate in lateral and dorsal profile, shorter than diameter of eye (ED SNL = 72%), sloping anteroventrally, slightly projecting beyond mouth; canthus rostralis rounded, distinct; loreal region vertical and concave; nostrils located laterally near tip of snout, non-protuberant; internarial distance less than interorbital distance (IND IOD = = 81%); interorbital width greater than width of upper eyelid (ELW IOD = 38%); eyes large, protuberant, 33% of head length; tympanum indistinct, subcircular, 57% of eye width; supratympanic fold absent; vomerine teeth absent; choanae oval; tongue attached anteriorly, deeply notched posteriorly; single median vocal sac; vocal slit in corner of mouth on left side. Forearms moderate in length (FLL SVL = 44%); hands and forearms relatively robust; third finger longest followed by fourth, second, and first; expanded disks with a circummarginal groove; no transverse ventral groove; disk on third finger largest, less than width of tympanum (3FDW TD = 69%); no webbing between first and second, and second and third fingers; webbing between the third and fourth finger reaching half of the penultimate phalanx on the third finger and base of the terminal phalanx on the fourth finger (III IV); inner two fingers widely separated from outer two fingers (opposable); subarticular tubercle between penultimate TABLE 3. Diagnostic Characters of Asian Chiromantis Character marginis sp. nov. doriae dudhwaensis laevis nongkhorensis punctatus shyamrupus simus vittatus samkosensis Dark stripes on dorsum present (1) or absent (0) Light dorsolateral stripes present (1) or absent (0) Dorsal and ventral border of dorsolateral stripe well defined (1) or not (0) Dark postorbital stripe present (1) or absent (0) Banding on dorsal aspect of thighs (1) or not (0) Blotched pattern on dorsum (1) or not (0) Small dark spots on dorsum (1) or not (0) White patch on side of upper jaw (1) or not (0) Tympanum distinct (1) or indistinct (0) ,1 1 Canthus rostralis distinct (1) or indistinct (0) External vocal sac present (1) or absent (0) Inner metatarsal tubercle present (1) or absent (0) rd and 4 th fingers 1 4 webbed (1) or less (0) Disk on 3 rd finger as large as tympanum (1) or not (0) More (1) or less (0) than 1 3 webbing on toes Snout obtusely pointed (1) or truncate (0) Skin of dorsum smooth (1), with small tubercles (0) or finely granular ( ) Glandular fold between eye and shoulder distinct (1) or faint (0) Sample size 1 11 * * 11 * * * 27 2 Note., unable to assess; *, character obtained from literature.

5 A New Species of Chiromantis (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from Peninsular Malaysia 257 and adjoining proximal phalanx and between penultimate and terminal phalanx well developed; skin of ventral surface of hand composed of large, overlapping folds; palmar tubercles absent; small, rectangular, nuptial pad on inner surface of base of first digit. Hind limbs relatively long; tibiotarsal articulation extends beyond snout when leg is adpressed against body; heels overlap when thighs and tibia placed at right angles to vertebral column; tibia 47% SVL; foot 37% SVL; fourth toe longest followed in length by fifth, third, second, and first; toes bearing expanded disks with circummarginal grooves; no transverse ventral groove; webbing relatively thick and granular; webbing pattern: I 1 2 II 1 2 III 1 2 IV 2 1 V; rounded, subarticular tubercles well developed; elongate, inner metatarsal tubercle distinct; no outer metatarsal tubercle; skin of ventral surface of foot composed of large, elongate, longitudinal folds. All dorsal surfaces smooth; ventral surfaces composed of large, hexagonal granules. Measurements taken on the holotype are as follows: SVL = 22.8; HL = 7.0; HW = 6.9; ELW = 1.2; ED = 2.3; IND = 2.6; IOD = 3.2; SNL = 3.2; DNE = 1.8; TD = 1.3; FLL = = 10.1; HTL = 5.9; THL = 10.7; TIL = 10.8; FL = 8.4; 3FDW = 0.9; 4TDW = 0.7 Coloration in life. Base color chalky white; entire dorsal surface of body covered with fine, dark-brown speckles; some speckles clump together, forming dark, irregular blotches on top of the head, dorsum and dorsal surfaces of limbs; dense speckles form a dark pre and post-orbital stripe which extends from the tip of the snout, through the eye, and to the angle of the jaw; a less distinct, lateral stripe formed by sparser speckles extends from the post-orbital stripe to the inguinal region; a white dorsolateral stripe borders the lateral pre- and post-orbital stripe dorsally; dorsal and ventral borders of the white dorsolateral stripe not well defined but are diffused by dark speckling; ventral surfaces white with dark speckling on the hands, feet and tibia. Coloration in preservative. Base color chalky white; dorsal speckling indistinct; top of the head, dorsum and dorsal surfaces of limbs covered with irregular blotches which are densest on the top of the snout; pre and post-orbital stripe visible but lateral stripe indistinct; dorsolateral stripe almost not visible; ventral surfaces white with dark speckling on the hands, feet and tibia. Fig. 2. A, holotype of Chiromantis marginis; B, Chiromantis vittatus from Phnom Samkos, Pursat Province, Cambodia (Photo by Jeremy Holden); C, hand webbing of C. marginis; D, Hand webbing of C. vittatus.

6 258 Chan Kin Onn Distribution. Chiromantis marginis is currently known only from Perlis State Park but most likely ranges throughout the lowland forests of the Nakhawan Range on the borderlands of Thailand and Malaysia with which it is continuous. Natural history. Chiromantis marginis was found at 22:30 during light precipitation while seated on the upperside of the leaf of a large-leaved plant 1.0 m above the ground near the edge of a man-made dam behind the Perlis State Park chalets. Several repeated attempts from June to September 2010 to find more specimens failed. Other species found within the vicinity of the dam were the frogs Phrynoidis aspera and Microhyla berdmorei, the lizards Draco maximus and Cnemaspis kumpoli, and the snakes Ahaetulla prasina and Boiga drapiezii. Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the Latin noun margo which means border, in reference to the type locality of this new species in Wang Kelian, Perlis at the Thai-Malaysian border. The suffix inis is attached to denote gender which in this case is neutral. Comparisons. Chiromantis marginis can be distinguished from all other Southeast Asian congeners except C. hansenae, C. punctatus, and C. vittatus in having a white dorsolateral stripe. It differs from these three species by having a narrow, diffuse dorsolateral stripe as opposed to a wide, well defined stripe; and a smaller third toe disc that does not equal or exceed the width of the tympanum; it can be further differentiated from all other Asian Chiromantis except C. samkosensis by having more extensive webbing between the third and fourth fingers (III IV) (Fig. 2C). These and other characters are compared with other Asian Chiromantis across Table 3. DISCUSSION Chiromantis marginis is most similar to C. hansenae and C. vittatus but differs from them by having a narrow, diffuse, dorsolateral stripe, webbing between the third and fourth fingers, and having dorsal spots (Fig. 2B, D). Additionally, the only morphological differences reported to separate C. hansenae from C. vittatus are a distinct, as opposed to an indistinct tympanum (Cochran 1927), and a smaller maximum SVL in C. hansenae (Taylor 1962). However, Wilkinson et al. (2003) noted that the tympanum was indistinct in half of the C. hansenae specimens he examined. We examined 27 specimens of C. vittatus and found that only some had indistinct tympanae and thus, do not consider this character to be of diagnostic value. Taylor (1962) reported that male C. vittatus from Thailand ranged from mm in SVL and females ranged from mm. He reported male C. hansenae from Thailand to have a SVL range of mm and females to range from mm SVL. Taylor (1962), however, reported both C. hansenae and C. vittatus from the same locality in Chiang Mai (Kaeng Paeng Tao), Thailand and C. hansenae from an additional locality in Loei Province, east of Chiang Mai near the border of Laos. This is in contrast to Chan-ard (2003: pp. 144, 146) who considered these species allopatirc, reporting C. vittatus from western Thailand and C. hansenae from the east. Due to the lack of evidence supporting the separation of C. hansenae and C. vittatus and their putative sympatry in northern Thailand by Taylor (1962), we consider C. hansenae (Cochran 1927) to be a junior synonym of C. vittatus (Boulenger, 1887) as previously suggested by Stuart and Emmett (2006) and Wilkinson et al. (2002). Describing a new species based on a single specimen can be potentially problematic owing to the inability to assess the range of intrapopulational variation that could obscure the delimitation of species boundaries. However, the discrete character state of having significantly more webbing between the third and fourth toes shows no variation in any other species of Chiromantis, thus we have no scientific justification for assuming it would in C. marginis with the examination of additional specimens. Additionally, the southernmost record for C. vittatus is in the province of Kanchanaburi, Thailand (Chan-ard, 2003), more than 750 km north of Perlis State Park. Therefore no data support a hypothesis that C. marginis is conspecific with C. vittatus. Chan et al. (2009) reported 23 species of amphibians and 66 species of reptiles from Perlis State Park and adjacent areas. To this we add the following new records and their associated voucher photographs: Ingerophrynus parvus (UKMDPC , ), Kaloula baleata (UKMDPC ), Microhyla fissipes (UKMDPC ), Occidozyga martensii (UKMDPC , ), Taylorana hascheana (UKMDPC ), Chiromantis marginis sp. nov. (LSUHC 9700), Theloderma licin (UKMDPC , ), Acanthosaura cf. crucigera (LSUHC ), Ahaetulla fasciolata (UKMDPC ), Gonyosoma oxycephalum (UKMDPC ), Lycodon butleri (UKMDPC ), Rhabdophis chrysargos (UKMDPC ), Cryptelytrops cf. venustus (UKMDPC ), and Parias hageni (UKMDPC ). Acknowledgments. We thank Dr. Bryan L. Stuart from North Carolina State Museum of Natural Sciences for his critical comments. This work was supported in part by the National Geographic Society Research and Exploration Grant ( ) and a College of Arts and Sciences Grant from La Sierra University to L. Lee Grismer.

7 A New Species of Chiromantis (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from Peninsular Malaysia 259 REFERENCES Boulenger G. A. (1893), Concluding report on the reptiles and amphibians obtained in Burma by Signor L. Fea, dealing with the collection made in Pegu and the Karin Hills in , Ann. Mus. Civico Genova Ser. 2, 13, Chan-ard T. (2003), A Photographic Guide to the Amphibians in Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand. Chan K. O., Grismer L. L., Sharma D. S., Daicus B., and Norhayati A. (2010), New herpetofaunal records for Perlis State Park and adjacent areas, Malayan Nat. J., 61(4), Cochran D. M. (1927), New reptiles and batrachians collected by Dr. Hugh M. Smith in Siam, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 40, Delorme M., Dubois A., Grosjean S., and Ohler A. (2005), Une nouvelle classification generique et subgenerique de la tribu des Philautini (Amphibia, Anura, Ranidae, Rhacophorinae), Bull. Mensuel Soc. Linn. Lyon, 74, Dey M. and Gupta A. (2000), Rediscovery of Chirixalus simus Annandale, 1915 (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from Assam and West Bengal, eastern India, Hamadryad, 25(2), Frost D. R. (2009), Amphibian Species of the World 5.3, An on-line reference, http: research.amnh.org vz herpetology amphibia. Last accessed 7 April Frost D. R., Grant T., Faivovich, J., Bain R. H., Haas A., Haddad C. F. B., De Sa R. O., Channing A., Wilkinson M., Donnellan S. C., Raxworthy C. J., Campbell J. A., Blotto B. L., Moler P., Drews R. C., Nussbaum R. A., Lynch J. D., Green D. M., and Wheeler D. C. (2006), The amphibian tree of life, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297, Grismer L. L., Thy N., Chav T., and Holden J. (2007), A new species of Chiromantis Peters 1854 (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from Phnom Samkos in the northwestern Cardamom Mountains, Cambodia, Herpetologica, 63(3), Inger R. F., Orlov N., and Darevsky I. (1999), Frogs of Vietnam: A Report on New Collections, Fieldiana Zool. New Ser., No. 92, Leong T. M. and Lim B. L. (2003), Geographical distribution, Herpetol. Rev., 34, 380. Li J.-T., Che J., Bain R. H., Zhao E.-M., and Zhang Y.-P. (2008), Molecular phylogeny of Rhacophoridae (Anura): A framework of taxonomic reassignment of species within the genera Aquixalus, Chiromantis, Rhacophorus, and Philautus, Mol. Phylogen. Evol., 48, Nguyen V. S., Ho T. C., and Nguyen Q. T. (2009), Herpetofauna of Vietnam, Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt, Germany. Norhayati A., Senawi J., and Lim B. L. (2005), A pocket Guide to the Amphibians of Ulu Muda Forest Reserve, Kedah, Forestry Department of Peninsular Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur. Orlov N. L., Murphy R. W., Ananjeva A., Ryabov S. A., and Ho T. C. (2002), Herpetofauna of Vietnam, a Checklist. Part I. Amphibia, Russ. J. Herpetol., 9(2), Ray P. (1992), Description of a new Rhacophorid, Chrixalus dudhwaensis (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from Dudhwa National Park, District Lakhimpur Kheri, Uttar Pradesh, India, Indian J. Forestry, 15(3), Savage J. M. and Heyer W. R. (1997), Digital webbing formulae for Anurans: a refinement, Herpetol. Rev., 28(3), 131. Stuart B. L. (2005), New frog records from Laos, Herpetol. Rev., 36(4), Stuart B. L. and Emmett D. A. (2006), A collection of amphibians and reptiles from the Cardomom Mountains, southwestern Cambodia, Fieldiana Zool. New Ser., No. 109, Taylor E. H. (1962), The amphibian fauna of Thailand, The Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 43, Thy N. and Holden J. (2008), A Field Guide to the Amphibians of Cambodia, Flora and Fauna International, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Wilkinson J. A., Drewes R. C., and Tatum O. L. (2002), A molecular phylogenetic analysis of the family Rhacophoridae with an emphasis on Asian and African genera, Mol. Phylogen. Evol., 24, Wilkinson J. A., Lwin K. S., Shein A. K., and Thin T. (2003), A new species of Chirixalus (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from Western Myanmar (Burma), Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 54(2), APPENDIX Specimens examined Chiromantis doriae (Boulenger, 1893): China, Hainan Island, 5 km NW of Shi Yun, LSUHC Chiromantis nongkhorensis (Cochran 1927): Cambodia, Kampong Speu Province, Aural Village, LSUHC 7349, 7350; Cambodia, Pramaoy, 7767; Cambodia, Che Teal Chrum Village, LSUHC 7816; Cambodia, Pursat Province, Camp 1, LSUHC 7833, Chiromantis samkosensis Grismer, Thy, Thou and Holden, 2007: Cambodia, Pursat Province, Camp 1, ZRC , Chiromantis vittatus (Boulenger, 1887): Thailand; Chiang Mai Province, Kaeng Pang Tao (FMNH ), Kanchanaburi Province, Sangkla, Kwai Yai River area (FMNH ), Chantaburi Province, Khao Soi Daow Wildlife Sanctuary (FMNH , ). Cambodia; Siem Reap Province, Bayon Temple, Angkor Wat complex (FMNH , , ), Koh Kong Province, Areng River Valley (FMNH ), Pursat Province, Phnom Samkos (LSUHC ).