' THE BUTTERFLIES OF SIAM.

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1 106 ' THE BUTTERFLIES OF SIAM. lh R.r. C: o i>fimy, H. se.. v. E." 1: E O <:TI.I P II H '.\ "1. P.-\ GE \)pq rip1 i >n.; ni' di stricts visited l 07 SYt-:T I~ 'L\' 1 ' )(':.!'upilin lujljlij ,'ti1111t' IJ.'i", snh,;p. nov..... ] 10 1/esfi t /r ltt'oiiiir si,tlllf/1-'is, Sld >sp '/',.,.inoo lt t'j"t {J(!t J illil'l'illf,/iu, :; 1d sp ; (/f i'!jtltl-' atl/'11/1 si1tmensis. snhs p n"v l ;).j. P.ures rileyi, ~p. nov :35 The following list, I believe, includes the names of n.ll butterflies whi ch n.t pt:esen t at e known from Siam. Several butterflies sen t to the British Museum in 1914 and so me forty others obtained during a t e cent t rip to t he North of Siam have not yet been worked out., bnt even with these additions the list cannot by any means be considered completp, fol' there are still mr.t1y parts of the count.ry--the North particnh.rlr-\yhich a re practically unknown entomologically. Collectors \Yere at wo rk in the country as far back as 1770, for Ole?'O'I'IM arcesilatts was described by Fabricius from S iam in that year. A lisl" of the butterflies obtained by M. Pav ie dnring the course of his travels in Inclo-China ( ) includ e.:; the n a1 nes 0f several fro m Si a m. H. H. Drnce was in t.h e conntr.\ in 187-i. ath1 'iy. H. Doherty in Dr. Erick Haase, 1\'h o was at on e t ime Cura~O t' of t he Bangkok _j[usrum, coll ecter1 in anc1 around Bangkok from t o H err F ruhst.or fe r, who with,;t've ml t ra in Pt1 eoll rctors visitecl S inm in 1000 a nr1 aga i11 in 190 1, obtained a larg :l numbr r of 1'11 e bntterfli es of the co unt ry, many of which he is no\\' cl Psc ribing under snb::<pecific ra nk in Seit,..,'s " J.l{acro-Zilpicloptem of the TrVorld." * Mission Pavif'. Jnclo-C hine. :f:tnde ~ ljir<' r ~er. Ul. L ' Bi ~to ir e Nntn rrlk. p. 222, rt ~c q.jo l' H\,'. \,'.IT. JII ST. SOC. S IA~l.. ;'\.' '.

2 THE BUTTERFLIES OF SIAM. 107 I My own experience in the country extends over the last seven years. During these years I have collected in my spare time in the following localities:- I. IN CENTRAL SIAM : The Bangkok district and the country to the north as far as Lopburi. The City of Bangkok is situated on both banks of the.m:enam Ohao Praya in latitude 13. 4b' N and longitude ' E. On the west bank it is bounded by fruit gardens, on the east bank by pacli plains. The mean level of the city is only from Ll, to 6 metres above sea-level. 'l'he city itself is thickly interspersed with fruit gardens. II. I N SouTII-EASTER:II' SIAM : The Sriracha district. This districb includes a strip of dry, sandy, open jungle extending along the sea-shore, and an inland forest area which rises steadily to a height of about 200 metres. With the exception of a few clearings and plantations this area is all dense evergreen fol'est. 'l'he soil is sanely throughout, and few running streams are to be found. The area is bounded on the eas t by granite mountain ridges ranging from 300 to 600 metres in height, Nong Yai Boo, Ban Dan, Nong Khor, Nong Khai Ploi and Hup Bon are in this district. IIl. IN western SrAl\I : The country near Kang Kra Chang on the Petchaburi River up to a height of about 190 metres. This district consists of dense forest and jungle, the only open spaces in the area being the small cultivated patches around one or two small native set.tlements. The j un gle is for the most part clamp and evet green, with perennial streams running in the valleys. The district is bounded on the n01 th and west by mountain ridges ranging from 900 to 1150 metres in height, and on the east by an intermediate area of less mountainous country which divides the true mountains from the plains, and which is coverer1 with mixed evergreen and deciduous jnngle. IV. IN EASTERN SIAi\I: At Hinlap, Muak Lek, Pak Jong and Chanteuk on the Dong Rek range. The jungle near these places is mostly evergreen, but around VOL. II, DEC. 191G. Property of the Siam Society's Library BANGKOK.

3 108 MR. E. J. GODFREY ON the villages themselves there is a good deal of deciduous scmb forest of mol"e cir less recent gt"owth, covering ground which at some former period was under cultivation. V. IN NoRTHERN SIA!II: The Me Song forest. This forest is situated some 26 miles due north of Pt ae, and is watered by the Me Song and its ~ributaries t he Me Lem, the Me Tan, and the Me Sai Song. A great- deal of the forest is evergreen, but there is also pure bamboo jungle, mixed tree jungle and "paa" or laterite jungle. VI. IN PENINSULAR SIAM : The Singgora district. The geographical divisions used are those proposed by Mr. C. Boden Klo~s in this Journal (Vol. 1, p. 250). I am indebted to the.authorities of the British Museum fot" fl"ee access in 1913 to the collections and library contained in the Natural History Museum at South Ken'>ington. I have also to thank Herr Fruhstorfer for going thl'ougli my collection with me at the South Kensington Museum in ] 913, and fol" sending me notes on various Siamese butterflies unknown to me at that time. But above all, my warm(lst acknowledgment-s are clue to Mr. N. D. Riley for the generous help he has accorcl.edme in the identification of doubtful species and in the description of some new form s. In nomenclature I have followell Seitz as fell' as possible, and in many of my notes I have quoted from the same authority. FAMILY-P.APILIONID..!E. 1. PaPILIO.iEACUS.iEA.CUs Fld r. widely clistribated anll fairly common. It frequents gardens in Bangkok, visiting by preference the flowers of Ixora::;. It also seems partial to the flolvers of the Flame-of-the-forest ( Poincicmc6 7 egia ). At Sriracha, I once saw a whole row of these trees swarming with the males and females of cer1.cus. The trees were in full bloom at the time, and the combijj~c1 effect of tha masses of v-ivid scarlet blos~orns, with the numerotis conspicuous butterflies hovering over them was distinctly pleasing. P. ceac~ s is known to the Siamese as " pee sun. yak" which JOURN. NA.T. HIST. SOC. SIAl\I.

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6 THE BUTTERFLIES OF SIAM. 111 The femn.les in my collection are ~ -f clistantianns Rothsch. Jordan states that the males of nmmnon ne vet' visit puddles or moist spots on the gl'ound, but I have frequently found them at such places both on the Petchaburi River and in the Sriracha forest. Neat one of my camping places on the Petchaburi River was a moist "salt-lick" much frequented by deet which swarmed with butterflies throughout the day. Here P. m ageno1' was a very fr equent visitot, and the moist soil seemed to have such an attraction for it that it was often quite easy to take specimen:; with the fingers. 18. PAPILIO PROTENOR EUPROTENOH 1!'rubst. Rare. Three males takeu on the Petchaburi River in April Paru,ro POLYCTOI"t THIUNIPHATOR Fl'llsht. Taken by lf'ruh~torfer at Chantabun. I have not yet come across it. 20. p APILIO PARIS PARIS Linn. Fail'ly common in all forest areas. ~1. PAPILIO PALINURUS PALINURUS Fabr..A single male was taken on the Petchaburi River in Apri\ PArn,IO AGETES AGET!i:S Westw. I took a few specimens of this butterfly on the PetchabLni Ri\'er in April 1912, but have n()t come across it since. 23. p APILIO NOl\UUS SWIN HOE! IYJoore. 24. PAPILIO ARIS~'EUS HERJ\IOCRA.'fES Flclr. This butterfly and the preceding are common in all forest areas. Vast numbers of both were seen in Aprill912 at the Siamese Survey Camp in the Huey IYieh Pradone in N. Lat 13 and E. Long 99 30'. They were present in all the numerous groups of butterflies around the camp, but seemed to foregather by preference with other Papilios, particularly P. macct1'ens inclo :Ainensis and P. mega1'1ts similis. In addition to those around the c::~mp, vast crowds were flying down stream throughout the day. 25. PAPILIO AN'l'IPHATES PO~Il'ILIUS Fabr. 'rh is butterfly was fairly common on the Petchaburi Hi ver m Aprill910, but I have seldom come across it since. 26. PAPILIO PAYENI subsp? VOI,. II, DEC. InJ6.

7 112. MR. E. J. GODFREY ON A single specimen which I id entify as belonging to this species was obtained in the Me Song foees t, Prae, in April It is probably referable to the race c~mph is 1!-,RUflST, from T enasserim and Burma, but I know t his only from Fruhstorfer's description. 27. P APILIO S.A.RPEDON S.A.RPEDON Linn. Fairl y common every wh ere all t h e year round. 28. PAPILIO noso~ AXIO~ F lclr (= 81~, ypl~~s, HBN. n ee LINX., actor FRUIIST.) Co mmon eyerywhere all the year ronnel. Cong regates in swarms at wet places on the g round m t he dry months. 29. P APIL10 EURYPIJUS CBERONUS Fruhst. I have only two specimens of this butterfly-both taken in the S riracha forest-but it is probably much more common than would appear h om t his. J 01 dau separ!1tes eu1 ypl us from closon on differences in the male genitalia and mentions a certain diff_, t ence in t he markings of the underside by which the two sp cies m::ty usually be differentiated. 30. P APILIO BA'IHYCLES Zink. Recorded from Siam by Bingham (Faun. Br. Incl., Butterflies, Vol. II, p. 108.) This is probably referable to the ra.ce chi1 on 'Wall., which ha3 b een recorded from the Shan States. 31. PAPILlO AG.A.MEMNON AGAMEMNOJ\' Linn. Widely d istributed and fairly common PAPILIO ARYCLES AlWCLEOIDES F l'llhst. Apparently very mre. Two males taken at Nong Khat in April The only other example known is the type specimen \Yhich \Yas taken by Fruhstorfer at Muak Lek. 33. PArlLlO MACAREUS INDOCEIINENSIS Fruhst. Common in most forest areas. An example of the aberration w gentijen~s on the Petchaburi Rivet in.cl.pri l PA.PILlO XENOCLES LINDOS Fruhst. FRJJEIST. was taken I took seven males of this butterfly on the Petchaburi River m JOURN. NAT. EIIS'l'. SOC. SIAM.

8 THE BUTTERFLIES OF SIAM. 113 April 1913, but have not co me across it since. J 01 dan restricts the race to Siam and says " only a few o o are known". 35. PAPILIO l\iegarus SI:MILIS J_;athy. Common in most forest areas. I have oi1e very abermnt male, taken on the Petchaburi River in April 191 ~, in which the streaks of the forewing are almost completely absent. 36. LEP'IOCIRCUS CURIUS CURIUS Fabr. Not co mmon. Taken only at l\{uak Lek and Pak Jong. 37. LEPTOCIRCUS i\ieges VIRESCENS Btlr. Fairly common in the Sriracha forest, and not uncommon 111 other forest areas. TJAMZLY - PIERJD.lE. 38. L EP'.rOSIA XIPHIA xipi-iia. Fabr. Common everywhere all the year ronnel. 39. DniAS AGOSTINA subsp.? A single male which I identify as belonging to this species was obtained in the l\fe Song forest., Prae, in Aprill916. It is probably referable to the l'ace inju1nata FnuHST. from Assam and Tenasserim, which I know only from Fruhstorfer's figure. 40. DELIAS RYPARE'l'E CIRIS Fruhst. Quite common everywhere. Very plentiful 111 temple gar-dens iu Bangkok in December, J anuary and February. 41. DELTAS BELLADONNA Fabr. Recorded from Siam by Bingham (Faun. Br. Incl., B utterflies. Vol. II, p. 148.) Race unknown. 42. DELIAS DESCOMBESI LEUCACANTHA. Fruhst. I have met with this butterfly in all parts of Siam but nowhere in g reat numbers. Fruhstorfer, however, writing of the race, says :- "The butterflies are common in the whole region, fly all the year round, in Siam in January in enormous numbers, and adorn even t he parks in the lal'ge towns, such as Bangkok and Saigon with their bright colours and the dazzling white of the upper side, floating slowly VOL. II, DEC. 1916,

9 114 MR. E. J. GODFREY ON underneath the shady trees in company with Delia.s hy2jarete ci1 is." 43. DELIAS AGLAIA THYRA Fruhst. Not common. Taken only in the Sriracha district and the Me Song forest. 44. DELils 'l'hysbe Or. Recorded from Siam by Bit\gham (Faun. Br. Incl., Butterfiies, Vol. II, p. H8.) P robably referable to the race P'!J1"amns vv ALL. from Bmma and the Malay Peninsula PmoNERIS THESTYLIS JtJGUR'l'HA Frnhst. Rart~. A few specimens taken on the Petchabnri River 1n April l PnroNERis CL~<:liiANTHE HELJ?ERI Fldr. Recorded from Siam by Fruhstorfer (Seitz, JHacro-lep. 9, p.l37.) I have not yet come across it. 47. PIEIUS CANIDIA Spa!T A single specimen taken in the Me Song forest., Prae, in April 48. BuPHINA NERISSa DAP.EIA Moore. Common everywhere all the year round. According to JTruhstorfer, dapha is the race which occm s in Tenasserim, Burma and Siam, but I have two specimens in my collect ion which appear to 1113 to be typical neriss~.:c 49. H UPHINA NADIN.A NADINA Luc. This in its various seasonal forms is common everywhere. According to Fruhstorfer, nadincl is the wet-season fonn, nama MoonE an intermediate form and amba MOORE an extreme dry-season form. 50. HuPHINA LEA SIAliiENsrs Btlr. Widely distributed and quite common. May be found in nearly all the crowds of butterflies which, in many parts of the cou ntry, are so commonly seen at wet places on the ground in the dry mohths. The race is peculiar to Siam. 51. APPIAS LIBY'l'IIEA ZELliiiRA 01'. Common everywhere all the year round. JOUHN. NAT. HIST. SOC. Sl.AM.

10 THE BUTTERFLIES OF SIAM. 115 Sopam FnUHST. is a rainy-season form found in Siam and Assam. forest. 52. APPIAS L YNCIDA HIPPOIDES Mom e. Widely distributed and not uncommon. 53. APPIAS NERO GALBA Wall. Widely distributed and fairly common, especially in the Srirncha The males congregate with other Pierids at moist places on the ground, but, according to my observatiom, the females are only found singly in the woods. 54. ArPIAS INDRA THRONION :Fruhst. Described from Siam by Fruhstorfet (Seitz, Macro-lep. 9, p.153.) 55. APPIAS LALAGE ARGYRlDINA Btlr. Recorded by F ruhstozfer from " Siamese Slum States " (Seitz, Macro-lep. 9, p, 150.) 56. APPIAS ALBINA CO:'IFUSA.F r~h s t. (=damda auct. nee Fldr), Widely distributed and fairly common. Fruhstorfer distinguishes between two female forms which he call s principalis and semijlavc~ respectively. 57. APPIAS l\'lelania PSE.UDOLEIS Fruhst. Very common in the Sriracha district, and quite plentiful m other parts of the country. Fruhstorfer restricts t his race to Siam. 58. Ixus PYRENE VERNA Dmce. Common everywhere all the year round. 59. DERCAS VERHUELLI Hoev. Recorded from Siam by Bingham. (Faun. Br. Incl.,. Butterflies, Vol. II, p. 226.) 60. CaTOPSILU CROC.I.LE ClWCALE Cr. Very common everywhere all the year round. 61. CATOPSILIA POllfONA Fabr. Occurs with 0. coocale, but is not so common. form catilla is not uncommon. 62. UATOPSILIA PYRANTHE Linn. Very common everywhere all the year round, 63. CaTOPSILIA FL0RELLA Fabt. The aberrant VOL. II, DEC. 1916,

11 116 MR. E J. GODFREY ON Bell (Journ. Bomb. N. H. R., Vol. XXII, p. 523,) records this butterfly from Siam. 64. CATOPSILIA SCYLL.A. SIDRA Fruhst. Very common in Bangkok in December, January and February, but not common elsewhere. 65. TERIAS VENATA Moore.A. single specimen taken in Bangkok in January. 66. TERIAS LAETA PSEUDOLA.ET.A. Moore..A. male taken in Bangkok in February, and a male and a female at Pak Jong in January. 67. 'ferias HECABE HI!:C.A.BE Linn, Common everywhere all the year round. 68. 'J'ERIAS BLANDA DA. VIDSONI Moo re. Occurs in most localities, but is not very common. 69. TERIA.s LACTEOLA LACTEOLA Dist. Taken by Fruhstorfer in Siam. I have not yet found it. 70. GAND.A.C.A. H.A.RINA Bl.TRliiAN.A. l\1oore Widely distributed and fairly common. 71. HEBOl\IOI.A GLAUCIPPE subsp.? Males common everywhere, females rare. I am unable at present to refer this to any particular rnce. 72. PARERONIA VALERI.A. HIPPIA Fab1. Fairly common everywhere. Females with a brilliant orange-yellow tinge on the cell and anal part of the hind wing are philomelct MooRE. Fruhstorfer sa;s these are rare, but I taken them in many parts of Siam, at Pak J ong (E. Siam) in particular. 73. P.A.RERONJA AVa'rAR PAR.A.V.A.T.A.R Bingh..A. number of specimens of both sexes were obtained at Pak Jong in January. I identify this butterfly from Fruhstorfer's figure of the female with which my specimens agree almost exactly, but I have not yet had an opportunity of comparing it with typical examples. Hitherto, p~wcwatar has been been recorded only from Tenasser1m. JOURN. NA'f. HIST. SOC. SIAM.

12 THE. BUTTERFLIES OF SIAM. 117 It apparently differs from H. v. hippia in the fact that it keeps to the woods and is not found in open country. FAMILY --NYMPHALID.!E. SuB-FAMILY--DANAINJE, 74. HESTIA LEUCONOE SIAMENSIS, subsp. nov. Resembles H. le1wmwe nig? ictnc~ GROSE-81\'IITH from Borneo. Differs as follows :-The ground colour much pale1, the yellow tinge more pronounced. The zig-zag mark crossing the cell of the fm ewing and the spot below it, in interspace 11, reduced in size; the spot below the cell, in interspace 2, absent. Not uncommon at Nong Khor and Hup Bon in the S1 iraeha forest, but apparently not found elsewhere. According to my obsel'\'ations, the butter:flies keep mostly to the tops of trees, especially in the early mornings, but they occasionally circle slowly down with clumsy, top-heavy, movements and are then easily captured. Types 2 o o, 1 ~ in the British Museum. n. HESTIA HADENI W-M. and de N. There is 11 specimen in the British Museum labelled " Bangkok. Siam," but Fl'llshstorfer says the species is very rare, and has only been found as yet near Bassein at the estuary of the Irawaddi. 76. DANAIS PLEXIPPUS PLEXIPPUS Linn. Common everywhere all the year round. According to Fruhstorfer, intm media MooRE is a dry season aberration which occurs together with, plexippzts typica, in Siam, Cochin China and Tonkin. 77. DANAIS CHRYSIPPUS CHRYSIPPUS Linn. Common everywhere all the year round. 78, DANAIS MELANIPPUS HEGESIPPUS Ur. Widely distributed and fairly common. 79. DANAlS AFFINIS llralayana Fruhst. Taken only on the west bank of the river in Bangkok and nt S1 iracha. The occurrence of this butte1 fly at Srimcha is of inte1 est. Frushstorfer (1910) writes: "malaycma FRUHST. a highly specialized form almost worthy of specific rank, of which for a dec!\de only o VOL, II, DEC. )91~,

13 118 MR. E. J. GODFREY ON was known and whose locality, the Malay Peninsula, was moreover still doubtful. But I found the species fairly plentiful in Bangkok, where this beautiful furm was not rart>ly to be met with on the right bank of the Mennm on flowers and gt asses in the extensive templ~ gardens near the c:mals. l'hus a.ffinis, the most vat iable of all the Asiatic Dan:~.ida, has also reached the continent and will certainly extend still further along the sea-coast of Siam." 80. DANAIS MELISSA SEPTENTRIONIS Bth. Common everywhere all the year round. This butterfly often congregates in numbers at moist places on the ground in the extreme dry months; it is the only Danaid I have ever found doing so. 81. DANAIS LIMNIACE LHviNIACE Or. Not very common. in the Sr.imcha forest. 82. DANAIS ASPASIA ASPASIA Fabr. Taken only on the Pdchabmi River and Common in the Sriracha forest and not uncommon in other forest areas. Fruhstot fet says that the type of aspasia, preset'ved at the Bt itish M i:tseum since 1787, pt obably came from Siam. 83. DANAIS EUYX ERYX Fabr.(=agleoides FLDR.) Common in Rt.ngkok and the adjacent country. Fruhstorfer says that the type of- this butterfly also probably came from Siam, whence Fabrici us obtained many species. 84. DANAIS AGLEA :MELANOIDES ~loore. Widely distl'ibuted and fairly common. 85. DANAIS MELANEUS PLATANISTON' Fl'llhst. Not common. Taken only at Hup Bon and 111 the Me Song forest, Prae, in April. 86. DANAIS SIMILIS PERSIMI!..IS Mo01 e. Common everywhere, especially in Bangkok and the country districts round about. This race is found only in Siam. Moore's types of pe1 similis caine from Petchahuri. 87. EUPLCEA MODESTA MODESTA Btlr. A very common butterfly in Siam. occurs m swarms almost everywhere from January to March. Vast numbers of E. m. moclesta, together with smaller nunibers JOURN. NAT. HIST. SOC. SIAM:.

14 THE BUTTERFLIES OF SIAM. 119 of E. h. ha?'?' si, E. m. m~tlcibe?' and E. miclanus chloe, wera seen in January 1014 on a hill -sije about five kilometres from the village of Pak Jong on the Dong Rek range. Not only were the butterflies massed on the trunhs of the trees, but they were on almost every branch and twig. They hung iu long rows from the lowet bushes, and even the lowest undergrowth swarmed with them. On some tt~es. they seemed to form part of the foliage; on others, they looked more like clusters of berr ies. From time to time they rose in clouds from a tree or bush, only to settle down again almost immediately. Males preponderated. N nmerous pairs \Ye re in copula. lndi,,iduals on the bnshes could be taken quite easily with the fingers, in fact, the native bark-collector who conducted me to the hill embarassed me somewhat by bringing me living specimens in handfuls. The fot est for some kilometres on either side of the hill was very dense, but the hill itself was fairly open, having evidently been partially cleared at some former period. The man said that the butterflies had been there fm some days, but he coul<l not remember having seen similat swarms in formet years. I visited the hill-side on almost the same date in the following year, but not a single Enplroid was to be see11 there. It is interesting to note that Ribbe who met with swarms of E.nechos under very similar conditions on the small Solomon Islaml, Munia, learned fl'om the natives that such s~vm ms occut'red there periodically, about every ten years. 88. EUPLOEA GODAHTI Luc. ( =siamensis FLDR.) Another very common Euplroid which is even mot e widely distributed than E.?n.?noclesta. It is particularly plentiful in Bangkok gardens in the dry months from January onwards. Individuals with no violaceous-white patch at t.he apex of the forewing are known as layanli DuucE. ( =.mbclita MoORE)..According to my observationr, this fol'm is not very common in Siam. Bingham treated r;odarti and layanli as separate species ; Frnhstorfer unites them. Tonldnens is SwiNH. is the name given to an aberration cot'l'esponding to lctycwdi, from examples taken by Frnshtorf~r in Siam, in which even the white costal and subapical spots of the furewing are wanting. Moore's types of subdita and the types of siamensis and laya1 cli all came from "Lower" Siam. As Fruhstorfer remarks, it is to be re- VOI,. IJ, DEC, 1916.

15 MR. E. J. GODFREY ON gretted that J!'elder's name cannot stand, for goclarti is one of the most characteristic butterflies of Siam. 89. EurLCE! CAMARALZAMAN Btlr. Taken only on the Petchaburi River, and a.t Pak Jong and Munk Lek. The females are very uncommon, This beautiful species is found only in Siam and South Tenaseerim, and is distinctly rare. The type came from Chantabun ( S. E. Siam ). 90. EUPLCEA ORONTOBATES Fruhst. Unknown to me. Described by Fruhstorfer as " a transition from goda1 ti. to modesta Btlr. and camaralzaman, having the same shape and size as the latter, but the wonderful blue reflection absent." Described from a single male taken by Fruhstorfer at Chantabun ( S. E. Siam ). 91. EuPLCEA AI.CATHOE A!:SATIA Fruhst. Not common. in April, and at Pak J ong in January. to Siam and Lower Burma. A few specimens taken on the Petchaburi River 92. EuPLCEA DIONE LIMBORGI Moore. Not very common. Fruhstorf12r restricts this race Taken only in the Sriracha district and in the Dong Rek hills. g3. EurLCEA HARRISI HARRISI Fldr. Widely distributed and fairly common. Depunctata FRUHST are examples ft om Siam without whitish submarginal Fpots on the forewing. 94. EUPLLCEA MULCIBER MULCIBER Cr. Fairly common everywhere. 95. EUPLCEA DORUS DRUCEI Moore. A single specimen taken at Sriracha in April1911. This butterfly is known only from Siam, and is apparently very rare. It was described from Ohantabun. Fruhstorfer says that it may be the dry-season form of E. cm us phrebus Bt It. 96. EUPLCEA LEUCOSTICTOS LEUCOGONYS Btlr, Three males taken on the Petchaburi River in April 1912, two females at Pak J ong in January EUPLCEA MIDANUS CHLOE Guer (=?nargarita BTLR). JOURN. NAT. HIST. SOC. SIAM.

16 THE BUTTERFLIES OF SIAM, 1 21 Widely distributed and fairly- common. According to Fruhstorfer, bmhma l\foore is an extreme dry season form in Siam, chloij (marga1 ita) an intermediate fm m, whilst ti'ue miclamts LINN. occurs casually as an aberration. 98. EUPLCEA KLUGI CRASSA Btlt. Widely distributed and quite common. Plentiful in Bangkok gardens in the dry months from January onwards. 99. EUPLCEA DIOCLETIANUS DIOCLETIANUS Fabr. Common everywhere especially in the Sriracha district. This butterfly seems to be very fond of the smell of charred wood. At Sriracha ] have frequently found it, together with Danais a$pasia aspasia assembled in long rows on charred tree trunks, or clustered on heaps of wood ashes. SuB-FAMILY-SATYRIN.. ] 00. YPTHii\U HUEBNERI HUEBNERI Kirby. Two specimens taken at St iracha in September, and one in Apt il YPTHii\IA AVANTA AVANTA Moore. Two specimens taken at St iracha in April and two in September YPTHii\iA BALDUS BALDUS Bth-. Common everywhere all the year round ER!TES ANGULARIS ANGllLALUS Moore. This butterfly was not uncommon in the Me Song forest, Prae, in April 1916, but I have not met with it elsewhere in Siam. Fruhstorfet obtained it near Kanburi in April LETHE EUROPA NlLADANA Fruhst. Widely distributed and not uncommon. Gada FRUHST is an extreme dry season aberration which, according to Fruhstorfer, occurs in Siam and Tonkin LETHE i\unerva subsp.? A few specimens of both sexes taken in the Me Song forest, Prae, in April1916. This is probably refera.ble to the race t1 itogenia FRUHST. from Tenasserim LETHE MEKARA subsp.? Fruhstorfer. Taken sparingly in the Me Song forest, Prae, in April This appears to be very near c?'ijnana FRUHST. as figured by VOL. II, DE<;J. 1916,

17 1 22 MR. E. J. GODFREY ON 107. LETHE ROHIUA subsp.? A few specimens taken in the Me Song forest, Prae, in April The specimens agree very closely with examples labelled "L. confusa" which I have received from India. Fruhstorfer regards confu sa as a synonym of 1 ohri c~ A NADEHIS DIADEii'IOIDES BATl\IARA Frnbst. A single example taken in the Me Song forest, Pnw, in. April I have identified this butterfly from Fruhstorfer's figure with which my specimen ag rees almost exactly CmLITES NOTHIS NOTHIS Bdv. Two very worn specimens taken at Muak L ek in January and four others, also in poor condition, on Khao Sebap, Chantabun, in March. rare. Judging from these captmes, the butterfly would appear to be Fruhstorfer, however, seems to have found it more common fot he writes:-" the butterflies fl.:~ w there ( i. e. in Siam) only in the afternoon and for a short t.ime, and presented a weird appearance with their coloms flashing out just momentarily," from Siam :MYCALESlS PER SEUS PERSEUS Fabr. widely distributed and quite common MYCALESIS MlNEUS Linn. Common everywhere all the year round MYGALESIS PERSEOIDES PEHSEOIDES l\1oore. Common everywhere all the year-round MYCAL"SIS ANAXIAS 1EMATE Fruhst. Three specimens taken at Hup Bon in April MYCALESIS AN.AXIOIDES Marsh. (? ) This race is Jmown only A few specimens which I doubtfully identify as belonging to this species were obtained in the Me Song forest, Prae, in April MYCALESIS MYSTES de N. One male of this rare butterfly " as obtained at S1irach1. in April1911, and two others at H up Bon in April RSOTRL NA ii'iedus F abr. Common everywhere all the year round MELANITIS LEDA ISi'IIENE Cr. Common everywhere all the year round. JOURN. NAT. HIST. SOC. SIAM.

18 THE BUTTERFLIES OF SIAM MELANITJS ZITENIUS subsp? Two specimens taken at Sriracha in May. Sun-FAMILY-ELYMNIN ELYMNiliS DARA subsp? Two females which I identify as belonging to this species were obtained in the Me Song forest, Prae, in.april It is probably referable to the race claedalion which is known from Burma and Tavoy in Tenasserim ELYMNIAS HYrEHl\lNESTRA U~DULARIS Drury. Fairly widely distributed, but nowhere very common except in Bangkok where it is quite plentiful, especially in Decembet, January and Febmary. In Siam there are two well-marked seasonal forms which Fruhstorfer has named violetta and epixanthcb respectively ELYMNB.S NES.tEA APELLES Fruhst. I have taken a num her of males and females of this butterfly iu Bangkok mostly in December, January and February, but have not come across it elsewhere. This fine subspecies was described by lf'ruhstorfer from two males taken by him in Bangkok in In the females, the streaks on the fm ewing are greenish-grey, not blue, and the ground cololll' of the hindwing is dark chestnut-brown ELYMNIAS MALELAS!VENA Fruhst. This butterfly was described by Fruhstorfer from examples taken by him in 'ronkin and Siam.... I have only t\yo specimens, both females, one taken in Bangkok in December, and the other at Pak Jong in January ELYMNIAS VASUDEVA OBERTHURI Fruhst. Known only from a single female taken by Doherty at Renong Peninsular Siam, (vide Seitz. Macrolep. 9, p. 392 ). Sun-FAMILY-.AMATHUISIN FAUNlS ARCESILAUS ARCESILAUS Fabr..Apparently rare. Four specimens taken in the Me Song forest, Prae, in.april The type specimen of Olm omdj arcesila1m, which was described by Fabricius from Siam in 1770, is pre~erved 111 the Bankhan OabinAt in the British Museum FAUNIS FAU:SULA FAUNALA Westw..., VOL. II, DEC

19 124 MR. E. J, GODFREY ON A few specimens taken on Koh Chang in January and on Khao Sebap, Ohantabun, in March STICHOPTHALMA GODFHEYI Rothsch. Described by Lord Hothschild in th ~ Ann 1.ls and Magazine of Natural History, Series 8, Vol. 17., No. 102, June 1916, p The type specimen was taken near Kanburi in May 1914-; a second speci_ men was obtained at Hup Bon in May and fom others on Khao Sebap, Ohantabun, in March 1\ll A.MATHUSIA PHIDIPPUS ADUSTATUS Fruhst, Widely distributed but no,vl~ere common. This race, which is known only from Siam, was described by its author i'om specimens taken in Bangkok. ] 28. THAUMANTIS DIORF.S DIORES Db!. Three specimens taken on the Petchabmi River in April, two on Khao Sebap, Ohantabun, in March, and two in the Me Song forest. Prae, in April 'J.'HAURIA LATHY! SIAMEl'iSIS Rothsch. Described by Lord Rothschild in the Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 8, Vol. 17, No. 102, June 1916, p This buttet~fly is not uncommon at Hup Bon where I obtainej t.he type specimen in April 1914, but I have not met with it elsewhere in Siam. SuB-FAi.\IILY-DrscoPHORI:-<JE DrscoPHORA TULLIA ZAL Westw. I have taken this butterfly only in Bangkok, where it is rare, and in the Me Song forest, Prae, where it was quite common in April DISCOPHORA CONTINENTALitl SEi\IINECI-10 Stich. This butterfly was identified from a badly damaged female obtained by Mr. G. A. \ iv ebb at Bang Kwang near Bangkok i!"l.november I have since (April 1916) taken a number of specimens of both sexes in the Me Song forest, Prae. SuB-FAMILY-NYMPHALINJE ERGOLis l\ierione PHA.HIS Fruhst. \Videly distributed and not uncommon. This race was orjgmally described from Siam, but it also occurs in 'renasserim and South Annam. JOURN. NA.T. HIST. SOC. SIAM..

20 THE BUTTERFLIES OF SIAM ERGOLIS SPECULARIA.ARCA Fruhst. Occurs in most districts, but is nowhere common PENTEIEMA DARLISA MIME'fiCA Lathy. Only four examples of this butterfly are known. It was described, as Penthema mimetie(l,, from a single female which came from the neighbourhood of Ko1 at, and which is now in the Adams Collection in the British Museum. I have since taken three other femal es-one at Hup Bon in April 19H, and two at Pak Jong in January One of these specimens is now in the British Museum. On the upper side, the female of mimetica bears a most extraordinary resemblance to the female of E.?n.?nulcibm. The first time I came across it I was completely deceived, and should have left it alone as being mv.lciber had not its flight stt-uck hte as peculiar for that butterfly. On the second occasion I was again deceived, although I was prepared for the resemblance. The third specimen was resting on the ground with closed wings and the resemblance was not so obvioua CuPHA ERYMA~THIS LOTIS Sulz. More or less common everywhere ATELLA PHALANTHA PIIALANTHA Drury. A few specimens taken on the Petchaburi River in April, and at Sriracha in September ATELLA ALCIPPE ALCIPPOIDES Moot e. This butterfly was quite common on the Petchaburi River m Aprill910, but I have seldom come across it since IssORIA SINHA SINHA Kollar. Widely distributed, but not common YNTHIA EROTA EHOTA Fabr. Males common in all forest areas, females rare IRROCHIWA FASCIATA FASCIATA Fldr. Not uncommon in Bangkok, but apparently rare elsewhere. 'l'he dry-season form is flavobrunnea Sn IRHOCHROA TYCHE MITHILA Moore. Widely distributed and fairly common IRROCHRO.A. SURY.A. SIAMENSIS Fruhst. This butterfly is at present known only from Bangkok, where it is rather scarce. VOL. II. DEC. J()JG.

21 126 MR. E. J. GODFREY ON 143. TERINOS CLARISSA FALC.A.T.A. Fruhst ( falcipennis Lathy). This butterfly was quite common in April1910 on the Petchaburi River, where it was often to be found in hundreds in shady jungle paths, but I have seldom come across it since 'ferinos TERPANDER INTERMEDIA subsp. nov. Intermediate in form between T. terpander Hew. from Borneo and T. teas de N. from Sumatra. On the upperside it closely resembles terpandet, except that the light orange-coloured margin is much reduced in size ; on the underside it appmximates more closely to teos. Type and only known specimen obtained at Sriracha in September CETHOSIA BIBLIS YIRIDIANA Fruhst. Widely distributed and not uncommon. This butterfly was obtained by Pavie t~.t Luang-Prabang, so that its occurrence in Siam was to be expected CETHOSU CYANE EUANTHES Fruhst. Fairly common everywhere :1i:THOSI.A. HYPBE.A. BYPSINA FeJder. A single male taken at Sriracha in April PRECIS IPHITA IPHITA Linn. Widely distributed, but not very common PRECIS.A.TLlTES Linn. Common everywhere all the year round PRECIS.A.LM.A.NA AL!>IANA. Linn. Common everywhere all the year round PRECIS LEMONIAS 1EN.A.RU Fruhst. Common everywhere all the year round PRECIS ORITHY.A. OCYALE Hbn. Widely distributed, but nowhere common PRECIS HIRRTA Fabr. A male taken in Bangkok in January 1910, and two others in the Me Song forest, Prae, in April 1Vl6. 'Ihere are three specimens in the Bangkok Museu m taken by Haase in Bangkok, in SYMBRENTHIA. HIPPOCLUS DARUCA Moore Three specimens taken in the Me Song forest, Prae, in April 155. Yo:r.u SABHU VASUKI Doh. JOURN, NAT, llist. SOC. SU.M

22 THE BUTTERFLIES OF SIAM. 127 up to 1914 I had taken only one specimen of this butterfly, but in April and May" of that year I met with it in gt eat numbers everywhere throughout the Srimcha district-in the jungle, in the padifields, in the villages, and even on the sea-shot e. In Srir!lcha itself, the butterbies often entered the bungalows, and around the village they were ft equently to be seen clustet ed on heaps of wood ashes. It is interesting to note that I had collected in the district at various times dm ing the six previou<:! years but had not met with the butterfly there, and that in the same monthb of the foil owing year I found it very scarce e\'erywhere throughout the district. Fruhstorfer gives javana as the Siamese race, but I thiuk this is a mistake. My males are quite different from his figure of javana, but agree exactly with that of vawki HYPOLIMNAB liiibbipus Linn. Apparently rare. I have only three specimens in my collection -a male taken at Sril'acha in September and two females given to me by H. R. H. The Prince of Ohumpon, who obtained them in Bangkok in March HYPOLIMNAS BOLINA BOLINA Linn. Fairly common everywhere all the year round DoLESCHALLIA BISAL'l'JDE SIAMENSIS Fruhst. Not common. Taken only in the St iracha district and on the Dong Rek h ills. Fruhstorfer restricts this race to Siam KALLIMA INACHUB SI.A.IIIENSIB Fruhstorfer. Occurs in most forest at eas, but is nowhere common. Fruhstorfer restricts this race to Siam YRESTIS PERIANDER PEUIANDER Fabr. Widely distributed and not uncommon YRESTIS COCLES COCLES Fabr. Widely distributed and quite common. Vast numbers of this species were seen on the' l'etchaburi River in April and May 1910 and again, in the same months, in The butterflies were a! ways found on moist spots lying in shade, and, when disturbed, they rose in clouds. In some places they were clustered so thickly, and were so occupied in sucking up moisture, that it was quite impossible to tread without crushing them. 'l'hey were present in great numbers at all VOL. II, DEC. 19}6,

23 128 MR. E. J. GODFREY ON the drinking places ft equented by butterflies, but were always in shady spots, and always in groups by themselves. They seemed to resent very strongly the intrusion of any other butterfly into their own particular gt_:onp, and I noticed that the intruder always quick! y withdrew. As a rule, the gt oups consisted of the pale variety only, but on several occasions both p::de and dark forms were seen side by side at the same spot. In May 1914, in a waterless section of the forest neat Hup Bon I found the butterflies congregated on damp elephant droppings. 0. cocles was originally described from Siam CYHESTIS NIVEA subsp? Fruhstorfer (Seitz, Macro-lep. 9, p. 575) records 0. nivea from Siam, but does not give the race CYRESTIS THYODAMAS THYODAMAS Bsdv. Generally distributed but nowhere common CHERSONESIA RISA THANSIENS Mart. A few specimens of both sexes taken at Hup Bon in Apt il and May CHERSONESIA PERAKA AZA Streck. Reco{ ded by Frubstorfer ( Seitz, Macro-lep. 9, p. 594) who says that it was described from two specimens from "Lower Siam." 166. RAHINDA HORDONIA PLAGIOSA Moore. Common everywhere all the yeru -round RAHINDA PERAKA ASSAMICA Moore. Rare. Three males taken at Pu.k J ong in January RAHINDA AURELIA Stgr. A single male of this rare N eptid was taken at Hup Bon in May NEPTIS HYLAS ACERIDES Fruhst. Common everywhere all the year round NEPTIS NANDINA GONATINA Fruhst. Taken sparingly on the Dong Rek hills in December and January. l!'ruhstorfe'r restricts this race to Siam NEPTIS SOMA TUSHITA.Fruh ~ t. Not uncommon in the Sriracha district an~ on the Dong Rei~ hills. Ft'llhstorfer restricts this race to Siam NEPTIS HELIODORE HELIODORE Fabr. Fruhstorfer says this N eptid " is not scarce in Central Siam, nt JOURN. NAT. HIST. SOC. SIAM.

24 THE BUTTERFLIES OF SIAM. 129 an e lavation of about 1000 ft. ( January. ) " I have not yet come across it. N. heliodo?'ij wag originally described fl'om Siam NEPTIS VI SAKI HARITA Moore. A single n:ale taken at Hup Bon in May NEPTIS COLUMELLA MARTABA.NA Moore. Taken sparingly on the Dong Rek hills in December and January, and in the Sriracha district in April and May NEPTIS M!AH NOLANA Druce. Five specimens taken at Pak Jong in January. Neptis nolana was described by Druce from Siam in NEPTIS FULIGINOSA FULIGINOSA Mom e. Two mal ~ s and two females of this veq rare Neptid were taken at Pak Jong in January PANT APORIA PR A. YARA INDOSINJCA Fruhst. A single specimen taken at Pak Jong in Januai'Y 178. PANTAPORIA PERIUS Linn. Taken very sparingly in the Sriracha district in April, May and September, and on the Dong Rek hills in January PANTAPORIA LARYMNA SIAMENSIS Fruhst. Generally distributed but nowh ere common. Fruhstorfer gi\'es the habitat of this race as " Mal ay Peninsula. to U ppet Tenasserim." 180. PANTAPORJA RANGA OBSOLEECENS Fruhst. A few specimens taken at Pak J ong in January and in the Me Song forest, Prae, in April PANTAPORIA SELENOPHORA BAHULA ~tfoore. Two specimens taken at Hup Ban in September and two others in the Me Song forest, Prae, in April PANTAPORIA ZEROCA GALlESUS Fruhst. A single specimen tnken in the Me Song forest, Prae, in April "B' ruhstorfet restricts this race to Siam, but says that examples from the Karen Rills are probably indentical with it PANTAPORIA NEFTE ASITA Moore. A single specimen taken in the Me Song forest, Prae, in April LIMENI' 18 PROCRIS PROCRIS Cr. This species was exceedingly common on the Petchabnri River in.a.pril 19.10, but I have not found it plentiful in any other locality VOL. II, DEC

25 130 MR. E. J. GODFREY ON smce. The butterflies were at all my camping places on the Petchaburi River, and often congregated in numbers around the cook's quarters. At one camp I took some dozens of specimens on a drying Sambar skin PANDITA SINOPE SINOPE Moore. A single male taken at Hup Bon in April LEBADEA l\1artha MARTHA Moore. Widely distributed, but nowhere common PARTHENOS SYLVIA APICALIS Moore. Widely distributed and not uncommon. As a rule I have found this butterfly very difficult to capture, but I have occasionally taken it quite easily at baits of over-ripe bananas EuTHALIA LllPIDEA COGNATA Moore. This is a very rare butterfly known only from a few examples from Siam. It was described by Moon~, as Oynif.ia eognata, from a single female which is preserved in the British Museum. This was the only specimen known until 1901, when Fruhstorfer obtained the male near the ruins at Ankor in DE'cember. l have since taken two males and a female at Stiracha. in September Hll2, and four males ami a female at Hup Bon in April1914. the British Museum EuTHALIA,TULll ODILINA Fruhst. Not uncommon in most forest areas. race to Siam EUTHALI.A. COCYTUS COCYTUB. Occurs in most forest areas, but is not common. Four of my specimens are nc1w in Fruhstorfer restricts this This butterfly which is found only in Siam, was described by Fabricius in EuTH.A.LI.A. FLORA S.A.LANGANA Fruhst. There are specimens of this butterfly from Siam in the Adams collection in the British Museum EuTHALIA JAHNU JAHNIDES Fruhst. Three specimens taken at Hup Bon in April EuTHALU KESAVA DJSCIPILOTA..M:oore. A few specimens taken in the Sriracha district in April and May, and on the Dung Rek hills in January and February EuTHALIA GARUDA APAllfA Fruhst. JOURN, NAT. HIST. SOC. SIAM,

26 THE BUTTERFLIES OF SIAM. 131 Fairly common everywhere. May be found in fruit gardens in Bangkok all the year round EuTHALIA EHIPHYLE CHULA Fruhst. Three males taken at Pak Jong in January, one female at Hup Bon in.april. Fruhstorfer restricts this race to Siam EuTHALIA ANOSIA subsp? A single male which J identify as belougiug to this species was taken in the Me Song forest, Pro.e, in.april It is almost certainly referable to the race anosia Moore, whose occurrence in Siam was predicted by Fruhstorfer from the fact that it was obtained by Pavie in the Laos States. Fruhstorfer (1913) divides up the species into six different races, but J. C. Monlton in a recent paper on the Butterflies of Borneo (The Sarawak Museum J oumal. Vol. II, Part II, No. 6, September p. 226.) rejects this division on the grounds that the differences given are insufficient and founded on too few specimens Eu rna.lia PHEMIUB PHEJUIUs Dbldy. A male taken at St iracha in April1911, and a f <:J male in the Me Song forest, Prae, in.april EuTHALU LUBENTINA INDICA Fruhst. I took six males and four females of this butterfly 111 my own compound in Bangkok in December 1911, but I have seldom come across it since. There are specimens in the British Museum taken by Druce in Siam in Eu'l'HALIA. ADONIA BEAT A Fruhst. Described by Fruhstorfer from a few specimens taken in Bangkok. I have not yet met with it EUTHALLI. TEUTA T.E:UTA Dblcly. Widely distributed and fairly common. I have found it most difficult to obtain goorl specimens of this butterfly EuTHALIA REC'rA MONILIS Moo re. A few specimens taken in the Sriracha forest in.april. Mr. E. W. Trotter obtained three specimens for me on Koh Phai in March EU'I.'HALIA EVELINA VALLONA Moore. Not common. A few specimens taken in the Sriracha district in April, May and September, and on the Dong Rek hills in January, VOL, 11, DEC

27 132 MR. E. J. GODFREY ON 200. Eu rnall\ DlltTEA JA.DEI'I'IN.A. Fruhst. I took a male fdld a female of this butterfly at Sriracha in April 1911, but did not come across it again Hntil April1916, wh en I obtained a nu01ber of specimens of bjtlt sexes in the l\le 801;.5. forest, Prae. 20 L EuTII.A.LI.A. CYANil'A.RDUB.A.LBOPUNC1'A.TA Crawl. Taken by Fruh8tod'er at Muak Lek in January (Seitz, Macrole.p. 9, p. 693) APATURA. PA.Hl::!A.TIS SIAliiiENBIS Pruhst. Occurs in most foreat areas and is not uncom mon, This may or may not stand as a goor1 subspecies; t he differences on which.fmhstorfer sepat\~tcs it from allied races are extremely slight and, in my opinion, are not constant. F!'Ll hstorfer restricts the race to Siam APATURA.A.nrnru.a MIR.A.ND.A. Fmhst. A male taken at Sriraeha in September, and anot!j er m the Me Song forest, Prae, in April tlepiiisa CIIANDRA A.NDROD,\liiA.S Frnhst. Has been recorcled from the Mekong vall ey, Northem Siam. (Seitz, :Macr.o-lep. 0, p. 701.) 208. HES'l'INA. NAllJA. Dblcly. Recorded from S iam by Bingham (Fuun. 81. Incl., BuLterfties, Vol. I, p. 230.) 209. CALrNAGA DUDDR.A. SUDAE'ISANA. Melv. Occurs in N orthem S iam. The 1 ype was obtained 111 the Ohiengmai districl :l to..heron A lljar.a'i'hus ANGUSTA'rA Moorc. A single specimen taken at Pak Jong in January 191 4, and several others in the Me Song forest., Pme, in April It, was not uncommon in the I\Ie Song forest, but I found it most difficult to capture EutnPus HALITriERSES HALI'rHERsEs Dbldy. According to my ob:;ervalions this bntterfly is mre m but J!'rnhstorfer apparently found it 1uite common EunrPus CONSIJUILIS \Vestw. Moo re (I;ep. Incl., Y al. IIl, p. 45) states that n. butterfly has been taken 11em Bangkok. Siam, fe male of this JOlJH:i. :\AT, HIST. SOC. SIAM.

28 T HE BUTTERFLIES OF SIAM CHAR.4.XES POLYXENA CORAX F ldr. Males not unco rnrnou in all forest areas; femnles very rnre CHA.RAXES FABIUS SULl'HUHEUS Rothsc h. A siugle male taken at Ban Dan in April1914, and four others in the Me Soug fores t, Prne, in April K u LEP I S AT HAJUAS Drury. _,_ \'Videly distributed, bu t nowh er e. comm EuLBPIS.ARJ A Fldr. "' A male taken at S ri racha in Ap ril, ancl another i11 September EULEPIS DELPIIIS Dbldy. "' T wo mal es tahn 011 the P etchaburi Hi1rer in April 1 10, and two others in t he Me Song fo rel t, Prae, in April E ulepis NEPE:'l TIIES Grose-Smi th. Recorded from Siam by Bingham (Faun. Br. I ncl., Butterflies, Vol. I, p. 226.) 219. EuLEPIS EU DAlll! PPUS NIGHORASALIS Lat,hy. F our males taken on the P etchn.buri Rive r in April 1910, and two othera in the lhe Song fo rest, P rae, in April SUB-FAllllLY-LIBYTHElN. 2~0. LIBYTHEA MYHRllA Gochrt. 2~ 1. LIBYTHEA ROlliNI Marshal!. 22~ LIBYTH RA GEOFFROYI ALO;>IPRA ;')Joo t e LIBYTH EA HA UXWELLI Moo n~. I found these four species ve1 y com mon in April 1912 at the Siamese Survey camp in the H uey 1le P radone in N. Lat. 13c and, E. L ong '. Jlf y?'rha 'ras an occaflional visitot, but the others were present in crowds throughout the day. In the early mornings, the butterflies were to be foun d resting on rocks and stones near the river-side ; later in the d~y they cong t egnted on moist patcher; of g round around the camp, and remain ed t here till quite late in the aftem oo n, bein g the last of a ll the butterflies to leave. Spots fo ul ed with urine had a particular attraction for them. They also congreg11ted on clothes drying in the sun. Rohini is not uncommo n in other parts of Siam, alompra and myn ha are scarce. I have not since come ucross hau:mvelli. :r have foll owed B in gham in recording hcmxwelli * I nm unable at p rese nl to refer these Lb rcc butterfl ies to their particu- 1 ar races. VOL. IJ, DEC. l!l ig.

29 134 MR. E. J. QODFREY ON 1111 a separate species, but I am quite unaware as to whether it still stands as a good species or is, as he conjectured, merely a variety of L. g. alompra. SuB-FAMILY-NEMEOBIDAi: ZEMEROS FLEGYAS Cr. A few specimens taken in the Me Song forest, Prae, ll1 April There at e three specimens in the Bangkok Museum taken by Haase at Chantabun in January TAXILA THUISTO EPHORUS Fruhst. A few specimens taken at Hup Bon in April 1914, and m the Me Song forest, Prae, in April 'raxila HAQUINUt'J BERTHB Frnbst. Taken very sparingly at Muak Lek in January, at Hup Bon in April and in the Me Song forest, Prae, in April ABISARA NEOPHRON Hew. Four specimens taken ou Kllfl.o Se bap, Chantabun, in March Thtlre are three specimens in the. Bangkok Museum taken by Haase in the same locality ABISARA 1\lETA SIAMEN8 IS Fruhst. Three specimens taken at Hnp Bon in April Hll4, and a few others in the Me Song forest, PraA, in April STIBOGES NYJ.\'IPHIDIA Btlr. Tht Pe specimens taken at Hup Bon in April19I4. li'amily -LYO.lE_N ldje. SUB-FAl\III,Y-GERYDINB GERYDUS BOISDUVALI IRRORA.TUB Druce. Occut s in most localities, but is by no means common. This butterfly was originally described from Siam GERYDUS ANCON SIAME:8SIS, subsp. nov. A fine new subspecies which diffet s from the typical form in the reduction of the white areas of the forewing. These areas consist of a triangular patch beyond the cell, a subquadmte one in 2, a narrow oblong one extending from below this to,vards the bastl in I. c., and a very small diffuse patch below the submedian in a line with the patch above. Below, a shade paler than in typical specimens. Type 1 ci. Muak Lek, 8. I. 14. in the British Museum... j l \J '(l),. : id s'~),j~ (, -.TOURN. NA'f. HIST, SOC. SIAM.

30 THE BUTTERFLIES OF. SIAM ALLOTTNUS HORSFIELDI CONTINENT.A.LIS Fruhst. Taken sparingly in the Sriracha distt ict in April, and on the Dong Rek hills in January. SUB-F.A.MII,Y-LYCJENINJE N EOPITHECOPS ZALJ\IOR.A. Btlr. Not uncommon at Mnak Lek and Pak Jong, but rare else>vhere MEGISB.A. MALAYA Horsf. A single male tal<en at Pak Jong in January 1914, and another in the Me Song forest, Prae, in April CYANIRIS PUSPA IMPEJtATRIX Btlt. Widely distributed and fairly common, especially on the Dong ' Rek hills CYA.NIRIS ALBADJSCA Moore. Three specimens taken at Pak Jong. Also taken by Fruhstorfer at Hinlap. 2~7. CYANIRI~ TRANSPKCTA Moore. Three males and seven females taken at Pak Jong in January CHILA.DES L.A.JUS Cr. Widely distributed and not uncommon ZIZERA OTIS Fabr. Common everywhere all the year round ZIZERA GAIKA Trimen. Occurs with Z. otis, but is not nearly so common EVERES RILEYI, sp. nov. o Uppe-;sid~: greyish blue, f01 ewing with the hind margin rather nanowly dark grey; hindwing costal margin broadly dark grey, inner margin pale g rpy, hind margin narrowly dark grey with darker spots in areas 2 and 3, these being clistally white-edged and having proximally a faint trace of orange. Fringes very narrowly white, distally grey. Unde1 sicle: pale grey, forewing with a darker oblong spot at end of cell, near the margin a row of five similar though shorter spots, a trace, of a sixth set inwardly at the apical end, all white-eclgecl. Beyo11d an ill-defi ned dark grey line running from apex to hind margin, aud between this and the thin black margin a similar line, narrower and interrupted at the nervures. Both lines curve it~wardly considerably VOL. II, DEC Property of the Siam Society's Library BANGKOK

31 136 MR. E. J. GODFREY ON at the apex. Hindwing similarly marked, the gtound colou r distally snmewhat paler. The space between the two antemarginal lines in interspaces 2 and 3 and part of 4, orange, >vith two large black metallic spots bearing a few metallic scales in 2 and 3. A discal row of six grey spots co mmencing in 1 e rather near the margin, the second spot set inwardly in 2 foll owed by three running directly towards the ap~ x, the sixth spot again set decidedly imyards. Four white-edged black spots : one each distall y in 1 band 7, one centrally in the cell and the fourth also in area 7 basally some way before the middle. ~ llppm s ide : uniformly dark grey-brown without any trace of blue. H indwing wi th darker mn,rginal spots in areas 3 and 3 proximally su rm ounted by orange lunules distally white-edged; indicat i o n ~ of similar spots in 4 and 1 c. Fringes darker than in o. Underside exactly like that of the o except that the orange-col oured area is very slightly larger, extending into 1 c, the enclosed bl::wk spots being al so slightly larger. Types 1 o, 1 ~, Bangkok, Feb. 1912, in the British Museum. A second o in the Bt'itish Museum from H inlap (H. Frnhstorfer) '*differs in being brigllter, the dark margin broade1, and the orange 1 unules on the hind wing fully developed. The underside has a decided, though very slight, bro\\'nish tinge. 'rhe upperside of both o and ~ of this species bears a considerable resemblance to that of TiJ. clipo1 a Moore; it is-readily distinguished from that species, howeve\r, by the underside which agl'ees ve ry closely with that of E. pw hc sins Fabr. In the latter species, however, the spot in the cell and the distnl one in aren 7 are equidistant ftoom the pmximn,l one in area 7, whereas in E. 1 ileyi the di stal spot in area 7 is much furt,her away. Apart from this, the o of E. pa1 hasius is much paler and the female has a considerable amount of blue on the upper surface, "" In I wrote to Ilerr Fn1 hstorfer saying thnt I had exnmples of an E1:eres which agreed fai rly well with a s in gle spec im en of hi s in t l1 e British Mnsenm Erorn Hinlup, labell ed E. padwsz'us Fn.br., bu t t-.hat I thought the butterfly belonged to n sepumte species. H e replied saying that I was correct and should describe t he spe~ i cs. Mr. Riley confirmed his opinion. JOURN. NAT. H1ST. SOC. SIAM.

32 THE BUTTERFLIES OF SIAM. 137 I have taken a Jl umber of specimens of this butterfly on the west bank of the river in Bang kok, mostly in December, J a nuary and FebJUary, but have seldom come across it elsewhere. I have named the species after Mr. N. D. Riley who has helped me very much in working out the butterflies of the country. 242, C A.'l'OCHRYSOPB STRABO Fabr. Common everywhere all the year round ATOCHRYSOPS PAN D-4,VA Horsf. Also common CATOCHHYSOPS CNEJUB Fubr. Widely distributell, but not very com mon T ARucus PLINIUS Fabr. This butterfly was not uncommon in the Me Song forest Prae, in April, 1916, but I have seldom come acrosb ie elsewhere ASTALIUS ROS illlon Fabr. Common everywhere all the year round AS'l'ALIUB ELNA Hew. Occurs in m ost localities, but is not common ASTALIUS ETHION Dblcly and H ew. A. few specimens taken in the Srii acba fo rest in April and May NIPHANDA CYMBJA 1\IARCIA. Fawcett. 'l'hree males taken in the Me Song forest, Prae in April a>O. LYC.iENESTHES EliiOLUS Godart. Quite common in Bangkok, but not very plentiful in othet parts of the country. in Febmary L YC.iENESTHES LYC.iENINA F ldr. Two specimens taken on the west bank of the river in Bangkok 252. NACADUBA BHUTEA de N. Widely distributed, but nowhere common LAMPIDES BOCHUS Or. This butterfly was quite common in the Ue Song forest, Prue, in April1916, but I have seldom met with it elsewhere in Si:1-m LAliiPID ES CELENO Or. This with its dry-season form conferencla Btlr. is common everywhere. VOl.. II, DEC

33 138 MR. E J. GODFREY ON ~55. PoLYOMliiATus BOE'l'Icus Linn. I took a number of specimens of this butterfly on the west bank of the river in Bangkok in January, 1912, but have not come across it since. SuB-FAMILY--PoRITIIN.lE PoRI'l'I.A. PHARYGID Hew. Two damaged specimens taken in the Me Song forest, Prat:~, in April Also taken by Doherty at Renong in Peninsulat Siam ZaRONA ZA.NELL.A. de N. Taken by Bingham on the frontier between Siam and Tonnsserim ( 11'aun. Br. Incl., Butterflies, Vol. II, p ) Sun-FaMILY -CuRETINJE OuRI!:TJS 'l'he'l'is GLORIOS.A. Moore. Widely distributed, but everywhere scarce CuRETIS BULlS 1\I.A.LAYICA Fldr. A single specimen taken at Sriracha in April 19J.t, and several others in the Me Song forest, Prae, in April There are two specimens in the Bangkok Museum taken by Haase at Bangpain in - December Sun-F.A.:\ULY-THECLINJE. 260.? A.rHNlEUS VULC.ANUS Fabr. Six specimens which l doubtfully id entify as belonging to this species were taken at Sriracha in April APHNlEUS SYAMA PEGU.A..NA Moore. I have taken a number of specimens of this butterfly in Bangkok, mostly in D ecember, January and February, but have seldom met with it elsewhere APHNAEUS LOHIT.A. Horsf. I took one specimen of this butterfly at Pak J ong ll1 January 1914, and have since obtained three others in Bangkok. SuB-FAMILY-ARHOPALIN THADUKA MULTICAUDAT.A Moore. This butterfly was quite common in the Me Song forest, Prae, in April 1916, but I have not met with it elsewhere. I identify the butterfly from Bingham's figure of the male JOURN. NAT. HlS'f. SOC. SIAM.

34 TH E BUTTERFLIES OF SIAM. 139 (l!..,aun. Br. Incl., Butt e t ~fli es, Vol. ll, P lat e XX.), " ith which my specimens agree very closely \LI.JJATJ:L \.LA A::llE Hl A H ell'. I 1 'our specimens taken at N ong K ltai P loi in.ap ril l AniBYLPODIA.A.Nl'l'A U ew. Two males taken at Pak J ong i n J a n nary, and a fe male at Sriracha in April. T his b utterhy was orig inally described from Siam SuRE:\DRA Q U ERCJ~ TOR U ~l Moore. A male and two females taken at Pak J ong i n J anuary, and t'ro females in the 1\Ie Song fo rest, Prae, in April S c HENDHA sp.? A single specim en [No. 204J wh ich was taken at Nong Khai Ploi in April191L1,, and which is now i u t h e B riti:;h.museum, has uot yet been identified. It is n ear_to 8. 1:immna Horsf. ~6 8. ARPOPALA CEL\TAUJ1US l 1 ' abr. 'rhis butterfly is vet y p lentiful i n Bangkok, especially in December, January and F ebr uary, but I have not fou nd it by any means common in other parts of th e country A RHOP1.\ LA. ALITJEUS MIRA.BELLA Doh. Four specimens taken at Nong Yai Boo in.april 19H A RHOPA.L.A.. AIDA. de N. Two epecimens taken at Nong Yai Boo in Aprill9 l ':L ARH0PAL.A. A.NAR'l'li: H ew. F ive males and one female of this rare butterfly were taken at N ong Khai Ploi in April 19B The female and two of t he males are now in thfl British Museum. The femal e is onl y the second ex ~mpl e they have as yet received ARHOP.A.LA lu :I!'FLESII cle N. There are two specimens of this butterfly in t h e Bang kok Mu.:eum tak en by Haase at Ohantabun i n March A RHOPA.L A. EPIJIIU'f.A.Moo re. F our specimens taken at Hup Bon in.april l 91L.L, 27'1. ARllOPALA. A:\TDIUTA Fldr. A single specimen taken a t Hup Don in.april 1 1: AHHOPALA EUJ)lOLPUUt> Or. Two specimens taken at H up Bcm in March 1914, and two VOL. II, DEC. 1Ul6.

35 140 MR. E. J. GODFREY ON others in the Me Song forest,, Prae, in Apt'il ARHOPALA ABSEIJS H ew. 1\ vo specimens taken at Hup Bon in Aprill9H ARHOPALA DlAHDI H ew. Four specimens taken at Hup Bon in April HJH ARHOPALA APlDA?\US Cr. 'l'wo specimeus taken at S riracha in September AlUIOl'ALA ATRc\X H e\\'. Six specimens taken at Hup Bon in April 19H,. ~80. ARIIOPALA ALEA Hell'. Four specimens taken at Hup Bon in April HJH, ARliOPALA PERDiUTA Moore. Four specimens taken at Hup Bon in April S QB-l'A:.\llLY - DEUDO!UGl~ LE l1apala SPH.I N X Fabr. l!'our females taken at Hup Bon in April 1GB RAPALA SCI:llSTACEA :Moore. One specimen taken at Srimcha in April, three at J)ak J oug iu January and six in the Me Song forest, Pme, in.a p1 il RAI'ALA P E T O~ I!U S He,v. 'Widely distributed and quite COtlllllOlJ R APALA JA Hil,\ S l~ abr. A few Epeci me ns of buth sexes tak en in t!te Sriracha district and in the :M:e f:l ong forest, P rae, in A pril }tjpal.\ XE:\O Pl W~ 1-'abr ( = di e!l,~ e s lje,,.) l.!'om m o.les taken al H up Bon in.april 10 1<1. ~ 8 7. Jlu,\L.\ sl;fh ls.\. 1Ioore. l 1 hree m :1le:; an,1 a f,; male hken at H u p Bon ill.a pril, one male at Pak Jong in J :1 n u~ r y, 111 April DA C.:,\L. I :\. ~,.,nlr.a H o~ d. and i.vo males in t he :;\[e :-lung forest, Prae, One m o.1e bk.:m at llup Bon i n April 101<1, an c1 one in the Ue Song forest, P rae, in Apri l.i. \) ] G CA:.\ lf::\a co ryr:; l:!"ew. A single female l al :en at linp Bou in April l!jb T.I.T UIHA LO ~ (;l:'i r.;s Fn.hr. JOUHN. :;AT. BlST. SOC. SIA~L

36 THE BUTTERFLIES OF SIAM. 141 A mnle taken in Bangkok in Hebruary 1013, and a female 111 June HYPOLY C. ~ A EHYLU S Goclart. Wicl ely dist1 ibnted and fairly common. 29<J..dRAOTHE:-! LAL'T'l'l-ITS Jl{oore. Two specimens taken at Sriwcha in April 19H Brnu,\:"'DA i.\ielis A Hew. '_L'wo males taken at N ong Khai P1oi in April 1914! MArDIESSUS LY S IA S 1:'abr. l have fo und this butterfly qnite common in t he S riracha and Me Song for es t ~, but have uot met 1ri t h it else1yhere in S iam. 29::>. C HEIUTIU FHEJA Fabr. Fairly common in all forest areas. 29G. ZEI/fl'S ETOLUS J!abt. Taken sparing ly on the Dong Hek hills in J'anunry, and in the Me Song forest, i>me, in.april B IC\' DAHATU I'HOCIDES AIU:CA li' lclr. Fou r specimen::; 1'aken at Hnp B on in April L OXU lla ATDL\l!S Cr. "Widely di stributed but nowhere common YA s ona Tl11P U:\CTATA H ew. 'l'here is a single specimen of this butterfly in the Bangkok Museum taken by Haase at Chan tabun NEO?IIYRJ:"'A HIE?liALlS Goclm. and Saiv. A sin g le mrde taken at Srimcha in 1\{arch. recorded from Henong a nd Kan buri DRI'iA OOX l :"ia Hew. Has also b een S ix specimens taken at Hup Bon in April 1!H4, a ncl four others in the Me Song forest, Prae, in April CATAP. ClLi\IA ELEGANS D ruce. Two specimens taken in the Me Song forest, P rae, in.april ] 916. PAMILY-HE8PE.ll.IJD_'E. -SUB-FAM!LY-HESPEJUJNM RTHOPH. 'H1S LAL!1'A Doh. A male and a f~ma l e tuken at H np Bon in April 1914, 30 t. CAriLA 7.EN~AHA Moore. \'OL. TI. nr.c. :lfll(l

37 142 MR. E. J. GODFREY ON Six bad ly battered specimens taken at Hup Bon in Ap1 il I experienced much difficulty in obtaining t his skipper. I came across it in a narrow path in ve ry dense jungle, where it was most difficult to use a net. It was fly ing up r.ncl do1m the path with g1 eat speed, occasionally resting for a second or t wo on the underside of a. leaf OIIARlliiO::I Fr CUL:>IEA Hew. H as been recorded from S iam ( Lep. Tn cl., Vol. X, p. ~8. ) EL ::10RRHL\US ASMARA _\.DITTA Ft u hst.. A few specimen s taken at :Pak J ong ::mrl l\1 uak Lek in January, and in the Me Song forest, Prae, in.april CEL NORHHINUS AUR IVITTATA.l'l'roore. A few speci me ns taken at Hu p Bon, ::md in the Me Song forest, Prae, in April ELJENORRHINUS LEDOOCERA Koll. 'rhis skipper was not un co mmo n i.n the Me Song fo rest, P rae, in April191 6, but I have seldo m come across it e l se~y h e r e in Siam OoL ADENI A D AN :Dab t. 'W idely d istributed an ~l fairly common. Apparently a ve t y variable species C oladen IA TNDRAN1 Moore. A single specimen taken at S t iracha 1n Apl'il , a;1cl two others in the Me Song forest, Prae, in April 19 JG DONTOPTI LUM ANGULATA BJck A single specimen taken at s, irachn i n Sepf:embe,, and one other in the Me Song fo rest, Prae, in April T APENA THWA ITE,'I lhoore. Seven specimens taken neat Sriracha 1 11 Ap1 il. Found with other butterflies a t a pool in a shacly jung l e path O.a.PRONA SY RIC'r HUS F lcl l'. A few specimens taken at Sl'iraclm in April and May, and again in Septembe T AG I AD ES H'TI CUS Pabl'. I have taken a numbet of specimens of this bu t.terfly on t.he Dong Rek hills, mostly in Dece mber and J annary, but have seldom come across it elsewhel'e..jour:\'. \'AT. EllST. SOC. SJAi\L

38 THE BUTTERFLIES OF SIAM TAGIADES MEETANA Moore. ~ A few specimens taken on the Dong Rek hills in January, and in the Sriracha district in April TAGIADES KHASIANA EPICHAIDIUS Fruhst."' Occurs in most forest areas, but is nowhere common TAGIADES PRALAYA Hew. Three specimens taken at Hup Bon in April 1914, and two others in the Me Son.g forest, PraP, in April 'AGIADES PATI~OKA F ruhst. Taken by l!'mhsi,urfer at Muak Lek in February (V1:de Lep. Incl., Vol. X., p. 55) D<\I i\iio ~II LL IANA Swinh. A single specimen taken at Mnak Lek in January 1914, and six others in the Me Song forest, P rae, in April SARANGESA DASAHARA l\{oorp. Two sppcimens taken at Muak Lek in July, and two others at Hup Bon in April HESPEiliA GALIU Fabr. A single specimen taken at Muak Lek in January Sun-FAMILY-PAMPH!LIN AsTICTOPERUS OLIVASCENS Moore. Widely distributed and not unco mmon SuA DA SWERGA cle N. A sin gle specimen taken at H up Bon in April in 1914, and several others in the Me Song forest, Prae, in April SUASTUS GREi\fiUS Fabt. A few specimens taken in Bangkok in Januat y SUASTUS ADITUS 1\{oore. Taken sparingly on the Dong Rek hil ls in January, and at Sriracha in September TARACTROCERA SAMADHA F ruhst. T have reco rded these two butterflies under t he names by which they were orgin ally identified ai the British Mnseum. Evans in his li st of Indian Butterfli es (Jour. Bomb. N. H. S, Vol. XX [, p. 999) sinks rneetana Moore as a synonym of alim MrJOre, and treats Uwsiana as a seasonal form of T. helferi mti :Moo re. VOL. II, DEC. l!l i G.

39 144 MR. E. J. GODFREY ON Two specimens taken in Bangkok in February TARACTROCERA Q U J~T A Swinh. A sin gle specimen taken in Bangkok in February, nncl onfl at Rup Bon in April TARACTROCERA LlXEATA Druce. Described by Dmce from Siam (Pt oc. Zool. Soc., ISH, p. 109) A:.I IJ.'ITTTA :\faro L<'abt.. A few specimens t:1ken in Dnngkok in J'nnuary and Pebruary LDIBHTX SALSA LA ), loon'. widely clist ribnted antl fai : l.r co mm on Js:.IIA PIWTOCLEA 11 -Sch. A single specim en tal en at Hup Ben in April 19J.rL HYAIWTI S A DRA STATUS Cr. One specimen taken at 1\111 ak J.Jek in J annlll'j, two in Bangkok in February, and one in th e l'lfe Song forest, Prae, in Apt'il ,oc; RA rnetrs SNJ'\I'A cle N. A few specimens taken at Mn:tk Lek and Pok Jong in January, and at Hup Bon in April ZOUBAPHETUS OG YlilA H ew. A single specimen taken at Mnak.Lek in January 19U! AC!i:RRAS A:\'THEA n ew. Three specimens taken at llnp Ban in April ERINOTA THRA.X Linn. Widely distributed and not unco mm on Enr:-<oTA ACROLElJ CA \V-M and de N. * A few specimens taken in Bangkok in J'anuary and Pebruary EHTNOTA BATA RA M oot e. Four badly damaged specimens taken n.t Hnp Bon in April GANGATIA. rhyrsis Mo01 e. Quite common in Bangkok, but not very plentiful elsewhere M AT AI> A. ARIA Moo re. * Col. Swinhoe wh o saw my collection of.-j,ippers at thr Brilish.M useum in said this was a separate ~p ec i e :, but Evans in hi s li st of Indian Butter ~i es (Jour. Bomu. N. H. S., Vol. XXl, p. 1003) treats it as a small variety of E. tl1ra.c.jotjh", \'AT. HT RT. SOC. 'lam.

40 THE BUTTERFLIES OF SIAM. 145 A few specimens taken in Bangkok in J-anuary and ~'ebruary, and at Sriracha in April M A'l'AJ? A SHALGRAJ\Id. de N. A single spec imen t.aken at Hnp Bon in April KERANA DIOULES EVAIR A F ruhst. Widely distributed, but nowhere common PIRDANA HYELA HUDOLPllli :Elw. and de N. A few specimens taken at H np Bon in April PLAS'l'INGJA NAGA de N. Five specimens taken at Hup Bon in April L15. PLASTI~ C-HA LATOIA Hew. Two specimens taken at Hup Bon in April 1\H PLASTINGlA SU BiVIACULATA Stand. 'rwo specimens taken at Hup Bon in April '17. HIDAlU lrava Moore. Twelve specimens taken at Hup Bon in April No'!'OCRYPTA "f'eistiia"'ielu Bsdv. Widely distributed and not uncommon. 8tW, UDASPES "f'olus Cr. I have taken a number of ~pec im e ns of this butterfly on the west bank of the river in Bangkok, mostly in December, January and February, but have seld om come across it elsewhere. 3!)0. CuPITHA PUR.REA l\1oore. Not uncommon on the Dong H.ek bills, but apparently rare elsewhere TELICO'l'A AUGIAS Li11n. Two males take11 in Bangkok in November '1 1 ELICO'J'A BA:.\IBUS1E JHoor e. A single male taken in Bangkok in February TELICO'l'A GOLA 1\Ioore. rrwo specime11s taken at nluak.lek in January, ancl one at Hup Bon in April TJ LICO'l'A. n.ma Koll. \ Viclely di::;tribnted and quite common Hal.PE M09l Er DE'l'URINA l< 1 rusht. VO L. li, DEU. HJlG.

41 146 MR. E. J. GODFREY ON A few specimens taken at Mnak Lek 111 January, and at Hup Bon in.april I-L\.LPE HOiiiOLEA Hew..A single specimen taken at Hup Bon in.april 10ltt PAH~ARA OCEIA Hew. I have takr:>n a number of specimens of this butterfly at Pak Jong and Muak.Lek in December and January, but have Beldom met with it elsewhere PARNARA BIWNNEA Snell. A ::ingle specimen tn.ken at Hup Bon in.april19l t_k 359. I>Al~NARA liiati-iias Fabr. -Widely distributed and not uncommon PARNARA AUSTENI Moore. 'l'wo males taken in Bangkok in November, one female at Pak Jong in January PARNARA ELTOLA Hew. 'l'wo specimens taken at Hnp Bon in.april PAHNAHA BADA Moore. Two specimens taken in Bangkok in November, and three other~ at Pak Jong in January lsmen.e JALXA MORGA KA Fruhst ls11iene JHRISA Moore. This species and the preceding were very common at Pak Jong in January 1914, but I have seldom come across either in other parts of the country. At Pak Joug they were to be found in great numbers on a tall flowering plant which is very common there. They appeared at about fi\re o'clock in the afternoon, and remained till it was quite dark. 31)5. BADAMIA EXCLAIIIA'l'IONIS Fabt. 'Widely distributed and not uncommon BmAsrs SENA Moore. 'Widely distributed and not uncommon. Mr. K. G. Gait dner has sent me a very interesting note on this skipper. He writes: "The smaller of the two skippers sent, is one which has the peculiar habit of exuding dl"ops of water to moisten surfaces on which it desires to feed. This specimen exuded five drops of water within the space of two minutes on the back of my hand, dabbling its trunk in the drop JOURN. NAT. HIST. SOC. SIAM.

42 THE BUTTERFLIES OF SIAM. 147 between its hind legs until.finished, when it mo\red an inch and reppated the process. The chops were of large size and t he five together would apparently <'qual the bulk of the insect'.:; body, I have observed the skipper doing the same thing on a chair Ot' table in camp both this yeat ( 1914) and in Hll3 and 1912, and the amazing thing is how it can store so much li <Jnid, and how it cn.n exude the drops at will." nh. Go. irdnpr tells me that he has observed this peculiar habit also in the case of other ski ppprs HAsOR.A. CHUZ.A. Hew. Six specimens taken at H up Bon iu.april 191 G HAEORA CHlWlUUS Cr. Occurs in most forpst areas, but is not common, 3G\:l. HASORA op? Two sppcimens takpn at Hup Bon in April 1914, one of " hich [No. 77] was sent to t he British Museum, hay e not yet been identified. They are neares t to ][. clwo11ws HASORA BADltA Moore. A single female taken on the west bank of t he river in Bangkok in January PARAT.I. MALAH:\'A \Vatson. Has been recorded from Siam (vi1lc Lep. Iud., Vol. IX., p \'OL. 11, DEC. lijlg.