Biogeography. Lecture 15 Alexey Shipunov Minot State University March 21, 2016 Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 1 / 50
Outline Reptiles and amphibians Overview Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 2 / 50
Outline Reptiles and amphibians Overview Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 2 / 50
Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 3 / 50
phylogeny Phylogenetically, birds are subgroup of theropod dinosaurs Molecular phylogeny is not yet stable, morphological trees are much better Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 4 / 50
One of recent molecular trees (Burleigh et al., 2014) Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 5 / 50
Another recent molecular tree (Prum et al., 2015) (1) Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 6 / 50
Another recent molecular tree (Prum et al., 2015) (2) Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 7 / 50
Morphological overview of birds (Livezey et al., 2007) Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 8 / 50
A: non-flying birds, ostrich and others Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 9 / 50
B: Galloanseres, chicken and ducks Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 10 / 50
C: seabirds Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 11 / 50
Pelecaniformes: Cormorants Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 12 / 50
Pelecaniformes: Herons Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 13 / 50
Pelecaniformes: Pelicans Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 14 / 50
Procellariiformes: Shearwaters Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 15 / 50
D: cranes, gulls and others Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 16 / 50
Charadriiformes: Gulls Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 17 / 50
Charadriiformes: Sandpipers Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 18 / 50
Gruiformes: Rails Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 19 / 50
E: birds of prey, cuckoos, parrots, doves Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 20 / 50
Psittaciformes: Parrots Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 21 / 50
Columbiformes: Doves Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 22 / 50
Cuculiformes: Cuckoos Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 23 / 50
Falconiformes: Falcon and hawk Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 24 / 50
Strigiformes: Owls Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 25 / 50
F: swifts, hummingbirds and others Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 26 / 50
Apoditiformes: Hummingbirds Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 27 / 50
Apoditiformes: Swifts Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 28 / 50
Caprimulgiformes: Nightjars Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 29 / 50
Trogoniformes: Trogons Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 30 / 50
G: woodpeckers, songbirds and others Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 31 / 50
Coraciiformes: Todies Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 32 / 50
Piciformes: Woodpeckers Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 33 / 50
Passeriformes: Sparrows Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 34 / 50
Reptiles and amphibians Overview Reptiles and amphibians Overview Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 35 / 50
Reptiles and amphibians Overview Amphibians: very short overview Amphibia Gymnophiona: caecilians, legless amphibians Caudata: salamanders Anura Archaeobatrachia, e.g., tailed frog Mesobatrachia, e.g., clawed frogs like African Xenopus Hyloidea, e.g., Puerto Rican tree frog, coqui (Eleutherodactylus) Ranoidea, e.g., common frogs Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 36 / 50
Reptiles and amphibians Overview American tailed frog (Ascaphus) Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 37 / 50
Reptiles and amphibians Overview Puerto Rican tree frog, coqui (Eleutherodactylus) Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 38 / 50
Reptiles and amphibians Overview Reptiles: very short overview Reptilia Testudines, turtles Crocodilia, alligators etc. Sphenodontia, New Zealand tuatara Squamata, lizards and snakes Gekkota: geckos like Puerto Rican Sphaerodactylus Scincoidea: skinks like Puerto Rican Mabuya Lacertoidea: common lizards like Puerto Rican ameiva (Ameiva) and legless lizards (Amphisbaena) Anguimorpha: anguids like Puerto Rican Diploglossus Iguania: true iguanas like Puerto Rican Anolis or Iguana Serpentes: snakes like blind snakes (Typhlops) and Puerto Rican boa (Epicrates) Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 39 / 50
Reptiles and amphibians Overview New Zealand tuatara (Sphenodon) Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 40 / 50
Reptiles and amphibians Overview Gekkota: Puerto Rican gecko (Sphaerodactylus) in hotel Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 41 / 50
Reptiles and amphibians Overview Scincoidea: Mabuya Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 42 / 50
Reptiles and amphibians Overview Lacertoidea: Ameiva exsul Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 43 / 50
Reptiles and amphibians Overview Lacertoidea: Amphisbaena Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 44 / 50
Reptiles and amphibians Overview Anguimorpha: Diploglossus Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 45 / 50
Reptiles and amphibians Overview Iguania: Anolis Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 46 / 50
Reptiles and amphibians Overview Iguania: Iguana Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 47 / 50
Reptiles and amphibians Overview Serpentes: Typhlops Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 48 / 50
Reptiles and amphibians Overview Serpentes: Epicrates Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 49 / 50
Reptiles and amphibians Overview For Further Reading A. Shipunov. Biogeography [Electronic resource]. 2014 onwards. Mode of access: http://ashipunov.info/shipunov/school/biol_330 Biological classification. http: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/biological_classification. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/bird Amphibians http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/amphibian Reptiles http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/reptile Shipunov (MSU) Biogeography. Lecture 15 March 21, 2016 50 / 50