Cladograms and genetics answer key Cladograms and genetics answer key To be able to download, share one of your study documents. Examine the sample cladogram, each letter on the diagram points to a derived character, or something different (or newer) than what was seen in previous groups. Match the letter to its character. and download all you like for the next 15 days. Note: this cladogram was created for simplicity and understanding, it does not represent the established phylogeny for insects and their relatives. xref 12 11 0000000016 00000 n 0000000567 00000 n 0000000814 00000 n 0000000968 00000 n 0000001118 00000 n 0000001225 00000 n 0000001330 00000 n 0000002620 00000 n 0000004763 00000 n 0000000622 00000 n 0000000794 00000 n trailer. What is a cladogram? It is a diagram that depicts evolutionary relationships among groups. It is based on PHYLOGENY, which is the study of evolutionary relationships. Sometimes a cladogram is called a phylogenetic tree (though technically, there are minor differences between the two). Search reviewed educational resources by keyword, subject, grade, type, and more. Search 350K+ Teacher Reviewed Resources Including Lesson Plans, Worksheets, Apps, & More. 1. F Wings 2. C 6 Legs 3. A Segmented Body 4. G Double set of wings 5. E Cerci (abdomenal appendages) 6. D Crushing mouthparts 7. B Legs 8. H Curly Antennae. Drop study document here or click to upload. View 28550 other resources for 10th - Higher Ed Grade Science. To make a cladogram, you must first look at the animals you are studying and establish characteristics that they share and ones that are unique to each group. For the animals on the table, indicate whether the characteristic is present or not. Based on that chart, create a cladogram like the one pictured above. Upgrade to access over 60 online EdTech professional development courses. Earn micro-credentials (open digital badges) awarded based on competency. CLADISTICS is form of analysis that looks at features of organisms that are considered "innovations", or newer features that serve some kind of purpose. (Think about what the word "innovation" means in regular language.) These characteristics appear in later organisms but not earlier ones and are called DERIVED CHARACTERS. research papers, thesis proposal, case studies, coursework, creative writing, and any other study resources.!" $%&' ()* )+,-&. /)*0+0,1&2*3.
2-&4-/11. 0&-55%&4 (+/(6*. 7+668/14. -&' (+&- 1& ()* 9:,%&1. To be able to download, share one of your study documents. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License. :;%' 3(1;)/1,*?> @/1(*%&0 8/1, AB C%88*/*&( 6*-/ K6+*. amino acid sequence, cladogram, cytochrome, genetic information, protein sequence. Need help finding what you are looking for? Get more specific results by using the resource filters on the search page. Triassic Jurassic extinction event (apparently two, the End-Carnian and the End- Triassic, not as large as the others). Anthropocentrism, anthropocentric Centering on humans and considering or relating all other things to man; for example the biblical idea that only man has a divine soul, or the belief that humans are of greater moral worth than other species; the practice, conscious or otherwise, of regarding the existence and/or concerns of human beings as the central fact of the universe. Compare Ascent, Creationism, Teleology. Contrast biocentrism. character trait found in a particular taxon, which is also possessed by a common ancestor. See also Synapomorphy. directional, moving from primitive and less perfect to more complex and perfect forms, the whole constituting a sort of hierarchical gradation, usually with man at the top. Criticised by popular science writers like Stephen Jay Gould, but remains a very influential meme. Some popular thinkers, such as Teilhard de Chardin, have argued for an anthropocentric cosmology, culminating in a future omega point. tetrapod or the names of individual clades and taxa (temnospondyls, lepidospondyls, Lissamphibia, etc), are used. Nevertheless, "amphibian" can still be used in a generic sense to refer to any non-amniotic tetrapod. Biota The plants and animals of a specific region or time period. Biome The total complex of biotic communities occupying and characterizing a particular area or zone, classified according to its climate and type of vegetation. Acanthodians A primitive group of Silurian to Permian jawed bony fishes, bearing bony spines in front of all but their caudal fins. Linnaean universal standard of biological scientific notation, according to which every species is given a distinct two-part name. The first part, think of it as like the surname, is the genus, which is capitalised, the second part the species, written completely in lower case, is like the given name. Both names are by convention written in italics. Autotroph an organism which makes its own food from inorganic materials, using sunlight or chemical reactions for energy. Biostratigraphy dating rock layers according to the fossils they contain. Provides information on the relative age of the rocks, in contrast to radiometric dating, which gives data for the absolute age. Also, more informally, using the fossil
record in Deep Time to understanding the evolution of life. Evolutionary Systematics, which developed from paleontology, utilises biostratigraphy, whereas cladistics, which is based much more on neontology, totally rejects it in favour of morphological similarity alone, on the grounds that the fossil record is incomplete. protozoan consisting of a naked mass of protoplasm. Once considered the simplest form of animal life, they are now known to consist of several distinct and unrelated groups of protists. Biogeography the study of the distribution of organisms and species, past and present, and of diverse processes that underlie their distribution patterns. taxa, generally defines phyla or other major groups of organisms. mollusc with an internal cone-, bullet-, or cigar-shaped shell. In life a squid-like animal, along with their cousins the ammonites they were important members of the Mesozoic marine ecosystem. Abiotic factors The non-biological environmental influences that affect organisms; for example, temperature, rainfall, and humidity. Bilateral symmetry Symmetry in only one plane, called the sagittal plane, that divides an organism into roughly mirror image halves. Contrast radial symmetry. Age of Reptiles term found in popular books on evolutionary systematics for the Permian through to Cretaceous periods (but obviously originating with Victorian discoveries of "antediluvian monsters"), when reptiles (first mammal-like reptiles, then archosaurs and marine reptiles) were the dominant life on Earth. Paleontologist Edwin Colbert wrote a popular intelligent layperson book with the same title. The Age of Reptiles was followed by the Age of Mammals. Algorithm In mathematics and computer science, an effective method (a procedure that reduces the solution of some class of problems to a series of rote steps that give a specific and correct answer). vertebrates that first evolved during the late Jurassic period, along with mammals they constitute the predominant vertebrates of the Cenozoic. Birds also are instructive as regards competing systematics. Biocentrism Centered on life as a whole, rejecting the idea that man is the summit of creation, or has greater moral worth or ontological value than other species. Contrast anthropocentrism. The lion is a muscular, deep-chested cat with a short, rounded head, a reduced neck and round ears. Its fur varies in colour from light buff to silvery grey, yellowish red and dark brown. [51]. It became extinct about 10,000 years ago at the end of the last glacial period without mitochondrial descendants on other continents. [21]. Of the living, non-hybrid felids, the lion is rivalled only by the tiger in length, weight and height at the shoulder. [53]. inhabited Sri Lanka during the late Pleistocene, and is thought to have become extinct around 39,000 years ago. This subspecies was
described by Deraniyagala in 1939. It is distinct from the contemporary lion. [22]. Between 2008 and 2016, IUCN Red List assessors for lions used only two subspecific names; P. l. leo for African lion populations and P. l. persica for the Asiatic lion population. [2]. Cave lion ( Panthera spelaea ) with a reindeer. Painting by Heinrich Harder. [14]. Historical and present distribution of Panthera leo in Africa, Asia and Europe. Based on the morphology of 58 lion skulls in three European museums, the subspecies krugeri, nubica, persica and senegalensis were assessed distinct but bleyenberghi overlapped with senegalensis and krugeri. The Asiatic lion persica was the most distinctive and the Cape lion had characteristics allying it more with persica than the other sub-saharan lions. [12]. Lions imported to Europe before the middle of the 19th century were possibly foremost Barbary lions from North Africa, or Cape lions from Southern Africa. [28]. ( Smith, 1842) includes the extinct Cape lion, the East and Southern African lion populations. [29]. or Eurasian cave lion bone fragments were excavated in Europe, North Asia, Canada and Alaska. It probably became extinct between 14,900 and 11,900 years ago. [37]. 119.5 kg (263 lb) in East Africa, [54]. In 2017, the Cat Classification Task Force of the Cat Specialist Group revised classification of subspecies based on phylogeographic research, while acknowledging that morphological diagnoses were not known: [29]. Lions have been bred with tigers, most often the Siberian and Bengal tigers, to create hybrids called " ligers " and "tiglons" or "tigons". [47]. 90 105 cm (2 ft 11 in 3 ft 5 in) [57]. Early phylogenetic research was focused on lions from eastern and southern parts of Africa, and already showed they can possibly be divided in two main clades; one to the west and the other to the east of the East African Rift. Lions in eastern Kenya are genetically much closer to lions in Southern Africa than to lions in Aberdare National Park in western Kenya. [24]. The animal was larger than the modern lion. [21]. Such hybrid breeding is now discouraged because of the emphasis on conserving species and subspecies. Hybrids are still bred in private menageries and in zoos in China. (in Chamorro). 140 175 cm (4 ft 7 in 5 ft 9 in) [57]. In 1758, Carl Linnaeus described the lion in his work. 70 100 cm (2 ft 4 in 3 ft 3 in) [57]. Results of subsequent phylogeographic research indicate that the species diverged into the northern and southern lineages about 245,000 years ago. Extinction of lions in southern Europe and the Middle East interrupted gene flow between lions in Asia and Africa. [26]. The lion's closest relatives are the other species of the genus Panthera; the tiger, snow leopard, jaguar, and leopard. Results of phylogenetic studies published in 2006 and 2009 indicate that the jaguar and the lion
belong to one sister group that diverged about 2.06 million years ago. [7].