Vertebrate Zoology Semester Review Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Which is the largest group of fish? a. lamprey c. hagfish b. cartilaginous fish d. bony fish 2. Another name of the Order Anura is: a. Urodela c. Salientia b. Gymnophiona d. Apoda 3. Salamanders usually fertilize eggs. a. externally b. internally 4. Incubation of birds is: a. internal b. external 5. Fertilization is in caecilians. a. internal b. external 6. What structure(s) do lungfish use to breathe? a. lungs and skin c. gills b. lungs and gills d. lungs 7. Digestive waste and reproductive material exit the fish body through the: a. anus c. cloaca b. urinary tract d. skin 8. Smaller mammals tend to have offspring than larger mammals. a. more b. less 9. Which of the following does NOT describe birds? a. claws on toes c. covered in hair b. scales on part of the body d. covered in feathers 10. Fertilization in birds is a. internal b. external 11. Periodic round trips between breeding and non-breeding areas is called: a. migration c. navigation b. flight patterns d. hibernation 12. A disadvantage of cutaneous respiration: a. it can not be increaed when physical activity is increased b. it can not take place in water c. it can not take place on land d. it requires large amounts of energy 13. The amount of time that a female mammal carries the developing young is called the:
a. migration period c. estrus b. gestation period d. hibernation period 14. The bone attaches the skull to the neck and allows for flexibility in birds a. sternum c. occipital b. humerus d. pygostyle 15. What is an operculum? a. scale c. fin b. gill cover d. eyelid 16. Amphibians must have a skeleton because they a. burrow c. live on land b. hop d. swim in water 17. An indication of the relationship between birds and reptiles is the on the legs of a bird. a. oil glands c. feathers b. scales d. muscles 18. Another name for the Order Caudata is: a. Urodela c. Anura b. Apoda d. Gymnophiona 19. A bird that hatches from the egg naked and helpless is referred to as: a. altricial c. immatrure b. precocial d. larva 20. Another name for the Order Gymnophiona is. a. Urodela c. Caudata b. Anura d. Apoda 21. How many chambers are in a bird heart? a. 1 c. 3 b. 4 d. 2 22. An animal that eats both plants and animals is: a. a detritivore c. a carnivore b. an omnivore d. an herbivore 23. The modified of an amphibian allow it to crush food. a. feet c. skull b. tongue d. jaws 24. An amphibian heart has chambers a. 4 c. 2 b. 3 d. 6 25. The type of respiration in which oxygen diffuses across the surfaces of the mouth and throat is: a. external gills c. buccopharyngeal b. buccal pump d. cutaneous 26. An animal that eats only plants is:
a. an herbivore c. a detritivore b. a carnivore d. an omnivore 27. The type of respiration in which oxygen diffuses across the surface of the skin is: a. buccal pump c. cutaneous b. buccopharyngeal d. lung use 28. Bats have, which allow them to fly. a. wings c. lighter bones b. feathers d. modified finger and arm bones 29. The is the lower eyelid of amphibians. a. nictitating c. cloaca membrane b. tympanic membrane d. glottis 30. Which of the following is NOT a fish? a. lampre c. shark b. whale d. hagfish 31. The kidneys of a bird are, which helps conserve water. a. small c. metabolic b. large d. metanephric 32. Which of the following is NOT a reptile? a. gecko c. alligator b. newt d. turtle 33. Birds belong to the class. a. Animalia c. Aves b. Eukarya d. Chordata 34. Members of the Order have aquatic larva, but adults are found on the forest floor. a. Gymnophiona c. Anura b. Apoda d. Caudata 35. Polyandry is when: a. a male and female mate exclusively for life b. a female mates with more than one male during the season c. a male and female mate exclusively for the season d. a male mates with more than one female during the season 36. A characteristic that sets mammals apart from all other animals is: a. the ability to c. giving live birth produce milk b. the ability to fly d. endothermy 37. The is the part of the digestive system that stores food. a. crop c. stomach b. gizzard d. proventriculus
a. crop c. stomach b. gizzard d. proventriculus 38. do NOT have a tympanic membrane. a. frogs c. toads b. caecilians d. salamanders 39. There are approximately species in the order Anura a. 4000 c. 700 b. 160 d. 350 40. Which of the following is NOT a way a fish is adapted to move in water? a. streamlined shape c. no bones in skeleton b. mucous lubrication d. buoyancy/floating 41. Which of the following states the levels of classification in correct order from smallest to largest? a. species, genus, order, family, class, phylum, kingdom, domain c. genus, species, order, family, class, domain, kingdom, phylum b. phylum, domain, kingdom, class, order, family, genus, species d. domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species 42. Birds belong to the kingdom. a. Animalia c. Chordata b. Mammalia d. Aves 43. What is it called when a fish swims with its mouth open in order to pass water over the gills? a. ram ventilation c. buoyancy b. operculum d. respiration 44. Most birds show what reproductive pattern? a. monogamous c. polygyous b. monotony d. polyandrous 45. Which of the following is found in amphibian skin? a. scales c. glands b. hair d. feathers 46. Most birds have toes. a. 2 c. 5 b. 4 d. 3 47. A testrapod is an animals with legs. a. 4 c. 6 b. 8 d. 2 48. The type of respiration used most by amphibians is: a. lungs c. buccopharyngeal b. buccal pump d. cutaneous 49. Which of the following does NOT describe mammals?
a. ectothermic c. covered in hair b. give live birth d. endothermic 50. Which of the following is NOT an amphibian a. frog c. lizard b. toad d. salamander 51. Which of the following is NOT a way that fish float? a. high amounts of oil c. swim bladder in tissues b. lighter bones d. thin skin 52. The ostrich would be considered a bird. a. wading c. perching b. flightless d. preying 53. Diadromous fishes a. migrate between freshwater and marine environments b. live in murky environments and rely on electroreception c. are open ocean fishes that force water over their gill through ram ventilation d. possess both lungs and gills 54. The prefix caud means: a. vertebrate c. lung b. tail d. amphibian 55. The feather streamlines the shape of the bird. a. filoplume c. powder-down b. contour d. down 56. When larva have different feeding habits than the adults, is reduced. a. excretion c. reproduction b. competition d. digestion 57. Which of the following corretly describes the neck of an amphibian? a. flexible and twisting c. short and nontwisting b. supporting and flexible d. long and nontwisting 58. Birds have glands that help condition their feathers. a. thyroid c. oil b. hormone d. sweat 59. Which of the following does NOT describe a bird? a. amniotic eggs c. ectothermic b. endothermic d. vertebrate 60. What is the term for mating for life? a. polygamy b. monogamy
61. The feather is mainly for insulation. a. down c. filoplume b. powder-down d. contour 62. There are approximately species in the order Gymnophiona. a. 700 c. 4000 b. 350 d. 160 63. The Order Caudata includes: a. salientia c. toads b. frogs d. salamanders 64. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a bird s skeleton? a. many fused bones c. flexible b. light weight d. enlarged keel 65. Amphibians are primarly feeders, responding to the of their prey a. sight, color c. hearing, sound b. olfactory, smell d. sight, movement 66. Which of the following correctly describes a bird of prey s eyes? a. fixed in socket c. poorly developed b. highly moveable d. small 67. What is the name for the outpockets of a fish stomach that increase surface area and absorption? a. pyloric ceca c. kidneys b. swim bladder d. liver 68. Which of the following is NOT an amphibian? a. chameleon c. salamander b. toad d. frog 69. The word amphibian means: a. webbed feet c. double life b. lays eggs d. aquatic 70. As larva, most amphibians are. a. scavengers c. omnivores b. herbivores d. carnivores 71. Digestive waste and reproductive material leave the bird through the: a. anus c. rectum b. colon d. cloaca 72. The type of respiration in iwhich air is directed to the lungs is: a. buccal pump c. buccopharyngeal b. gills d. cutaneous 73. Amphibians are with ovaries or testes located near the dorsal body wall. a. hermaphrodites c. asexual b. dioecious d. monoecious
74. Monotremes are mammals that: a. give live birth c. fly b. lay eggs d. carry young in a pouch 75. Amphibians are: a. endothermic b. ectothermic 76. A fish heart has chambers. a. 5 c. 4 b. 3 d. 2 77. Which of the following accurately describes amphibian skin? a. thin and moist c. thick and scaly b. thick and moist d. thick and dry 78. Members of the vertebrate class include sharks, skates, and rays. a. Placodermi c. Osteichthyes b. Cephalospidomorphi d. Chondrichthyes 79. Marsupials are mammals that: a. lay eggs c. carry young in a pouch b. swim d. do not care for their young 80. Which of the following do fish eat? a. all of the above c. other fish b. worms d. plankton 81. A group of eggs laid by a female and the chicks that hatch is called a: a. nest c. clutch b. gaggle d. pod 82. Which of the following are functions of amphibian skin? a. produce toxins and excrete waste c. grow hair and provide UV b. provide UV protection and excrete waste protection d. produce toxins and provide UV protection 83. Birds belong to the phylum: a. Aves c. Mammalia b. Chordata d. Animalia 84. Amphibians belong to the Phylum. a. Mammalia c. Animalia b. Chordata d. Amphibia 85. What part of the gill is used by filter feeders to obtain food from the water a. gill arch c. pharyngeal lamellae b. gill rakers d. gill flaments 86. Amphibians belong to the Kingdom:
a. Amphibia c. Choradata b. Animalia d. Mammalia 87. The flamingo would be considered a bird. a. preying c. hovering b. wading d. perching 88. The function of the feather is unknown, but it may be for sensing or appearance. a. filoplume c. down b. powder-down d. contour 89. The cells that allow amphibian skin to change color are called. a. mucous glands c. toxin glands b. chloroplasts d. chromatophores 90. The can fly forward, backward and upside down. a. bald eagle c. peregrine falcon b. hummingbird d. albatross 91. The tongue of frogs and toads attaches to the side of the jaw. a. dorsal c. posterior b. ventral d. anterior 92. Which of the following is NOT a mammal? a. walrus c. dolphin b. whale shark d. bat 93. Amphibians belong to the Class a. Animalia c. chordata b. Mammalia d. Amphibia 94. When a bird hatches and is immediately active (like a duck or goose), it is referred to as: a. precocial c. immature b. altrical d. premature 95. The is the part of the digestive system that grinds the food. a. gizzard c. stomach b. proventriculus d. crop 96. An animal that eats only meat is a. a carnivore c. a detritivore b. an omnivore d. an herbivore 97. Adult amphibians are generally a. herbivores c. scavengers b. carnivores d. omnivores 98. Which of the following fish has placoid scales and thick skin? a. hagfish c. lamprey b. shark d. perch Multiple Response
Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question. 99. The dorsal portion of a turtle shell is the: a. carapace c. plstron b. dentron d. amniote 100. Reptiles were able to move onto land because of the egg. a. all answers are c. well-adapted correct b. amniotic d. shelled 101. Which of the following is NOT a group of crocodylians? a. caimans c. alligators b. iguanids d. crocodiles 102. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of reptiles? a. animal c. warm-blooded b. vertebrate d. terrestrial 103. Which order of reptiles is the smallest (with the least species)? a. Sphenodontida c. Crocodylia b. Chelonia d. Squamata 104. In animal classification, several orders make up a a. genus c. species b. class d. phylum 105. Whihc of the following is the top/back of an animal? a. ventral c. anterior b. posterior d. dorsal 106. Reproduction in reptiles involves fertilization. a. external c. no b. internal and external d. internal 107. Which of the following is the tail end of an animal? a. anterior c. ventral b. dorsal d. posterior 108. Which of the following is the belly of an animal? a. dorsal c. anterior b. ventral d. posterior 109. What environmental factor determines the gender of some reptile hatchlings? a. soil quality c. temperature b. moisture d. light intensity 110. Whoch of the following snakes has pit organs? a. corn snakes c. vipers b. boas d. pythons 111. What type of venom breaks down blood cells? a. gastrotoxin c. brainotoxin b. neurotoxin d. hemotoxin
112. Which type of reptile is believed to have the ability to use magnetic detection to navigate? a. crocodile c. snake b. turtle d. lizard 113. Which of the following is the largest level of classification? a. domain c. class b. phylum d. kingdom 114. Which of the following has the most developed median eye? a. crocodiles c. snakes b. tuataras d. lizards 115. Which of the following correctly describes reptile skin? a. always brown c. no respiratory function b. thin d. moist 116. Some reptiles give off chemical signals to attract a mate. These are called: a. hormones c. perfumes b. colognes d. pheromones 117. Reptiles belong to the phylum a. reptilia c. chordata b. mammalia d. animalia 118. Which order of reptiles is the largest (with the most species)? a. Sphenodontida c. Crocodylia b. Chelonia d. Squamata 119. What type of snake has hollow fangs to inject their venom? a. boas c. anacondas b. vipers d. pythons 120. Which of the following describes how reptile skeletons are different from amphibians? a. moveable neck c. all are correct answers b. limbs closer to body d. modified ribs 121. Which of the following is written correctly? a. Homo sapien c. Homo sapien b. Homo Sapien d. Homo Sapien 122. What is the function of the Jacboson s organ? a. determine the c. taste the prey temperature of prey b. clean the eyes d. sense chemicals in the air 123. Most reptiles are: a. carnivores c. detritivores b. filter feeders d. herbivores 124. The tough, water-resistant protein found in reptile skin and claws is:
a. epidermal c. carotid b. carbohydrate d. keratin 125. What is the name for the respiratory opening in a snakes mouth? It allows them to breathe while eating. a. duodenum c. glottis b. tympanum d. carapace 126. Because crocodiles have a secondary palate, they can while eating. a. breathe c. chew b. move d. vocalize 127. Which organ of the reptiles helps to conserve water? a. lungs c. metanephric kidneys b. large instestine d. liver 128. Whihc of the following is the smallest level of classification? a. order c. family b. genus d. species 129. Which of the following is an adaptation that reptiles have to conserve water? a. small, clawed feet c. dry, rough skin b. parietal eye d. small tongue 130. What is the name for the plate of bone that separates the nasal and oral cavities of crocodiles? a. parietal bone c. gullet b. palatial bone d. secondary palate 131. Reptiles periodically shed their skin in a process known as a. ecdysis c. metamorphosis b. hibernation d. mimicry 132. Which of the following is not a group of lizards? a. iquanid c. gavial b. gecko d. chameleon 133. What type of venom attacks the nervous system? a. gastrotoxin c. brainotoxin b. neurotoxin d. hemotoxin 134. The Jacobson s organ of snakes is also known as the: a. vomeronasal organ c. nephridic organ b. tympanic organ d. parietal organ 135. Which of the following is NOT a reptile? a. salamander c. turtle b. gavial d. skink 136. Which type of reptile can unhinge its jaws to eat large prey? a. crocodile c. gila monster b. lizard d. snake 137. Lizards can self-amputate their tail. This is called: a. adaptation c. autotomy b. mimicry d. regeneration
a. adaptation c. autotomy b. mimicry d. regeneration 138. The bentral portion of the turtle shell is the: a. dentron c. carapace b. plastron d. amniote 139. Which of the following is the head end of an animal? a. anterior c. posterior b. dorsal d. ventral 140. Most reptiles have a chambered heart. a. 4 c. 6 b. 3 d. 2