Outline of Presentation

Transcription

1 Outline of Presentation The 36 th session/the 73 th Executive Committee Meeting of APHCA and the regional Workshop on the use General of Antimicrobials information Livestock Production and Legal and Antimicrobials Regulatory resistance Framework in the Asia Pacific Region Current situation on Antimicrobial use in ( Negombo, Sri Lanka, Livestock and Fisheries October 2012) Productions. Current planned arrangements for monitoring surveillance of antimicrobial use in livestock Products. Patterns and extent of AMR in animal pathogens. Thongphoun THEUNGPHACHANH NAHC, DLF, MAF. Lao PDR

2 Outline of Presentation: General Introduction Legal and Regulatory Framework: The extent of antimicrobial use in livestock production Current planned arrangements for monitoring and surveillance for use antimicrobial use in livestock Products. Patterns and extent of AMR in animal pathogens Future plan

3 Introduction Land area: 236,800 Km2 Mountains, highlands & plateaus=70% Cultivated area = 649,310 ha Rice cultivated area = 538,690 ha Population = 6.2 million Density = inhab/km2 Rural population = 85% 49 ethnic groups Language = Lao (English & French for business) Buddhist = 90 % The Map Of LAO PDR

4 Economic: Main income: Main export: GDP: Government policy: Self-subsistence Agriculture (Rice, Livestock, Cash crop) Energy, wood, cloth and mining. 800 USD/year/capita - Decentralization - Reduce poverty - Against opium cult. - Reduce slash and burn forest. Overall goal: Delete from the list of the world least developed country in 2020

5 Introduction ( Cont) The Government of Laos is emphasized the importance of economic growth based on Agricultural and livestock production to promote rural development is a key part of the national framework for poverty reduction; During the past decade, the livestock products plays an important role in the rural development because of it represents a crucial source of income and employment for rural households and contributes a large share of GDP; Although, the livestock production has still encountered the big problems with particularly the animal diseases outbreaks that occurred in the country;

6 Introduction (cont) The Government of Laos has supported strongly programme on the prevention and control of the major epidemic animal disease and its production services; Laos is a member country of OIE and follows by OIE guidelines and regulation on the TAD control and maintains the good cooperation, coordination, and collaboration with ASEAN member countries, and neighboring country as well in the area of the animal disease prevention and control.

7 Overview of livestock production Role of livestock in the socio-economic development Livestock production plays a significant role in the socioeconomy of the people in the country: Source of protein for consumption Source of income Drought power in some locations in the country Fixed assets of the rural farmer Contribution of about 20-30% to agricultural GDP

8 Statistic of livestock population in No. Prov. Buffalo Cattle Pig Goat Poultry VVW 1 Phongsaly 42,596 46, ,460 6, , Luangnamtha 17,639 19,749 11, , , Bokeo 24,401 46,513 59,154 16, , Oudomxay 11,611 48, ,950 25,442 3,723, Luangphabang 80,757 64, ,757 53,210 2,035, Houaphanh 43,803 72, ,856 23, , Xiengkhouang 52, , ,573 12, , Xayabouly 47, , ,373 8,884 2,205, Viengtiane 73, , ,131 18,668 2,589,785 1, Viengtiane Cap 16, , ,845 19,463 3,826, Bolikhamxay 46,013 59,592 70,336 18, , Khamouan 62,472 96,879 75,377 19, , Savannakhet 289, ,212 62, ,099 2,882, Champasack 335, , ,694 57,968 10,690,246 3, Xekong 29,457 25,881 78,628 3,959 1,436, Saravanh 147, , ,019 46,872 5,529,575 1, Attapeu 41,928 17,952 31,345 3, , Total: 1,363,972 1,904,177 3,464, ,255 40,110,232 15,166

9 LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IN LAO PDR. ( ) heads heads heads heads heads

10 Organization chart Ministry of Agriculture & Forestry Department of Livestock & Fisheries Division of Administration Division of Planning Division of Liv.&Vet. Regulation Division of Fisheries National Animal Health Center Vaccine Prod. Center Livestock Manag. Center Inland Fisheries Center Provincial Livestock and Fisheries Section (17 provinces) District Livestock and Fisheries Office (141 districts) (Veterinary, Livestock, Aquaculture, Animal Quarantine, Meat Inspector at district levels) Village Cluster (800 Kumban) Village Development Coordinator + Model Farmers + Village Veterinary Worker Chief of Village+ Village Mass Organization Group of Farmers Small Holder Private Owner Liv. & Fish. Enterprises

11 Organization chart of NAHC DLF NAHC Vet. Supply Unit Diagnostic laboratory Unit Vet. Epidemiology Unit Livestock Product Quality Assurance Unit Administrative and Information Unit 10/21/

12 Legal and Regulatory Framework Existing legislations 1. Decree on Livestock Management in Lao PDR No. 85/PMO dated 31 May Regulation on Livestock Management in Lao PDR No. 0004/MAF and Instruction on Livestock management in Lao PDR No. 0005/MAF dated 02 January 1997; Technical Norm/Guideline on Livestock and livestock Products Management in Lao PDR No. 0036/MAF dated 24 January 2000; Different Orders, Announcements, have been issued by MAF and DLF. and Instructions

13 Existing legislations (cont ) The mentioned decree, regulation and technical Norm provide for: Ear tagging and registration of livestock; The movement of animal, their products, within the country, import and export, transit the country; The regulation has also regulates the supply of veterinary drug and equipment; The conditions relating to animal disease prevention, control and vaccination; The slaughter house of animals and meat inspection; The conservation of breeding stocks.

14 Existing legislations (cont ) 2. Decree on Animal Epidemic Disease No. 206/ PMO dated 27 July Decree on Veterinary Inspection of Live Animal and its Product on the border No. 207/PMO dated 27 July 2007, the objectives the decrees are: The principles, rules, procedures and measures for the animal epidemic disease control throughout country; The principles, rules, procedures and measures for the prevention of disease caused from entering the live animals, animal products or products of animal origin; The protection of animal and public health and relevant sectors are necessary to define principles, rules the entering and transit animal commodities to ensure that commodities arriving at the national border without having the Lao PDR.

15 Existing legislations (cont ) 4. The Law on Livestock Production and Veterinary Matter: Approved by the national parliament No: 3/NA, dated 25 July 2008 and has the enforcement since 18 February 2009; The objectives of the LVL are to: regulate related to the organization, management and inspection of livestock production and veterinary services; regulate the management and control of animal diseases; provide consumer protection from animal diseases transmissible to human, protect national livestock resources and increase supply of quality livestock to the domestic and export markets; ensure sustainable environmental protection.

16 Progress of Legislation activities Disseminate the LVL by organizing the workshop with different sectors in each province throughout country; Revising the existing regulations; Draft specific legislation to be implemented the LVL such as: Regulation on slaughterhouse and meat inspection; Regulation on each animal disease prevention and control; Regulation on Animal and Animal product movement management These thee documents have been submitted to the National Science and Technology organization

17 Next step Continue disseminate the LVL by organizing the workshop with different sectors in each province throughout country; Draft the regulation on veterinary association; Draft the regulation on livestock production association; Draft the regulation on veterinary services such as: Veterinary clinic ; vaccine and medicine production; animal vaccines, vet drug and veterinary equipment shop; establishment of veterinary professional schools.

18 The extent of antimicrobial use in livestock production Livestock product system Backyard production 85 % Commercial production 15 %

19 Type of livestock production (Cont ) Livestock production is firmly based in the smallholder sector with over 85% of all animals being raised by smallholder farmers. Natural feeding (Local chickens are used to scavenging food around the house and village during the day most farmers provide rice bran or broken rice twice per day as a supplementary feed Free range Integrate with agriculture by product use for animal feeding and improvement

20 Type of livestock production (Cont ) Commercial production: pig and poultry enterprises near major urban markets. Antibiotics used in livestock product involving usage as : therapeutic agents to treat of infections, bacterial diseases prevention in intensive and extensive farming systems and prophylactic agent in water of healthy bird and pig as growth promoters at sub-therapeutic concentrations in feed.

21 List of antibiotimicrobial,mineral and other Chemical used in livestock in Lao PDR Anti-infective. 1. Pen step 2. Dufamox 15% LA 3. Oxtetracycline 20% LA 4. Bio-Tetra 10% WSP ( Powder) 5. Bio- Tetra 6. Enrofloxacin 7. Oxtacin-En 5% 8. Bio-tylo Bio-Tycosone 10. Genta-tylosin 11. Bio-analzine 12. Bio-TMPS 48% 13. Spira-Tylocol 14. Enrovita 15. Bio-New diarrheastop 16. Dexon-A 17. Triprim 18. Gentavet 19. Kanamycin 20. Oxycline 21. Bio-b12 22.Betamycine 23.Vioxin 24.Losin

22 Antiseptic and Disinfection: 1. Potasium Permanganate, 2. Blue Spray Tetravet, 3. Formaldehyde solution 40%, 4. Alcool 90 ð, 5. Dertodine, 6. Biodine 7. Negasunt, 8. Lime

23 Vitamins and Minerals 1. Fer+Genta-Tylo, 2. Multivitamins Inj, 3. Bio-B Complex Inj, 4. Vitadex B 12 Inj, 5. Vit AD3 E Inj, 6. Three Mix ( Powder), 7. Three Mix( Solution), 8. Anti-stress, 9. Swine mineral, 10. Chicken mineral, 11. Royalfac.

24 Current and planned arrangements for monitoring of antimicrobial use in livestock production The Government of Laos has supported strongly programme on the prevention and control of the major epidemic animal disease and its production services; animal health care (vaccination and treatment) facilitate disease surveillance and disease response Few data are available on the prevalence of resistance in the bacteria. because Lack of resources; Lack of facility equipment for testing; perceived low priority; lack of coordination for collection and antimicrobial testing methods.

25 Constrains of the Planning & Data Management Content development: Lack of information for management decisions Very few detailed study at local level ( village cluster) Insufficiency of meteorological data at local level including weak forecasting on the production Scarcity of usable data Lack of professional technical skills Lack of regular update Cooperation network: Lack of effective networking among the internal organization Coordination with other line agencies and organizations is still weak Technical: Lack of necessarily equipment and software for information management. Limit skill of the staff personnel

26 Capacity of the disease surveillance and disease outbreak response Animal health Service at the grass root level has been established: About 15,166 VVW have been trained cover 17 provinces around 129 districts The main task of VVW: Disease recognition and reporting Animal health care (vaccination and treatment) Facilitate disease surveillance and disease response

27 Patterns and extent of AMR in animal pathogens Antibiotics have been used widely in poultry and pig farms Commercial livestock production has developed only around major population centers such as Vientiane, supplying meat, eggs the urban population Standard and methods for AML is a major problem in evaluating and making recommendations to address the problem of antimicrobial resistance. Lack of methods and facility for antimicrobial susceptibility testing for livestock /aquatic pathogens, and their interpretation. Lack of maximum concentration of residue resulting from the use of veterinary drug ( expressed in mg/kg on a fresh weight basis) that is legally permitted or recognized as acceptable in livestock/ fish products.

28 Future action Secure the effective enforcement of legislative matter : promulgation of new Law on Livestock Production and Veterinary Matter. Strengthening the veterinary inspection at the border check post Strengthening the animal and animal products movement control Strengthening the diagnostic capacity of the provincial diagnostic laboratory. Follow up international standard of antimicrobial use in livestock products.

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