CAHW service impact indicators outlined. 16 Bare Woreda communities. Afdher zone of Somali Regional State

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1 CAHW service impact indicators outlined By 16 Bare Woreda communities Afdher zone of Somali Regional State Average Live Birth Current and After CAHW service Goat and sheep Cows Expected % Current % Camel Percent Somali Community Animal Health Project of CAPE Unit AU IBAR Compiled by: Gezu B. (VFO)

2 Gode office June

3 I. Background Bare woreda is under the Afdher zone administrative division of the Somali Regional State. The woreda station Bare is located 4 degree North 42 degree East and the altitude is 323m above sea level. The woreda shares international boundary with Somalia mainly Gedo in the East and Bay region South-West (map of Bare woreda). There are 31 Kebeles, 30 pastoral and Bare station, under Bare woreda administrative division and some of the communities used to belong to previous Somalia who have now preferred to be part of the woreda manly because of the peaceful situation in place enjoyed. However like any other communities in the South-Western part of the Somali region the Bare community is strongly tied to Somalia especially in terms of trade that Somali shillings are preferred to Ethiopian Birr. Because of its geographical location Bare s past history tells that it used to be war front; Ethio- Somalia war in , it was a base for anti-zeiad Bare movement force, Somali patriotic movement, during the area was invaded by Al- Itahad and there was strong war between them and the community. Currently the security situation is far better than many adjacent parts of Ethiopia and Somalia although some of the areas are still suspected of land mines. Following Al-Itahad s invasion the wroeda administration established strong militia force placed at every corner especially areas in boarder with Somalia. The peace keeping force, militia, is given due attention by the government and the system is partly funded by federal government through regional state. The militia force is more useful for external problems than internal conflicts among clans but it could equal serve for the internal conflicts if would be well brain washed and trained mainly on the need to remain neutral whenever clan conflict arises and the SCAHP of CAPE may play some roles in funding such trainings. In terms of means of communication including vehicle roads the woreda has very little link to the rest part of the country as well as the region and the facilities available to the community from the government side is very minimum that the public veterinary service is totally absent. With regard to veterinary service SCF USA tried to establish CAHW system but not succeeded and the system failed because of two reasons; wrong people considered as CAHWs with criteria of being stationed at Kebele basis and failure to supply veterinary stocks. SCF USA had conducted three vaccination campaigns, which was on cost recovery basis. In general the CAHWs trained by SCF USA are not operational and there is no public service that there is very high demand existing for veterinary service. As a result the SCAHP team has been well hosted by the community that 16 goats were slaughtered for the team while conducting community dialogue and CAHW selection meetings. 3

4 II. Community indicators In the past CAHW system performance has been measured mainly trough accomplished activities; number of people trained, type and number of cases treated, etc and these measurement parameters were not enough to properly evaluate and observe the actual changes resulted from the intervention. Further such evaluation methods were not giving rooms for the community to evaluate the system especially from demand and satisfaction points of view. In this regard it is very crucial that the community produces own indicators for the changes needed and impacts expected. Accordingly SCAHP of CAPE unit of AU IBAR facilitated meetings held by 20 communities under Bare woreda and the community outlined CAHW service impact indicators, which included process and out come indicators both. Process indicators Immediate training to the people selected as CAHW Supply of veterinary kits with enough quantity and quality stock Regular supply of veterinary drugs and supervision to future CAHWs Availability of all kinds of veterinary drugs and services to herders from CAHWs as required Quick report and action against disease out breaks this point was considered by communities adjacent to Liban zone that as Bare was enough green livestock was moving in from Dollo Ado and Bay and there was rumor of Rinder pest. Availability of spot on (fly and hyena control) Healthy and physically good looking livestock 2.1. Out come/impact indicators Percentage of live birth vis-à-vis abortion rate Recovery of cases treated for various diseases in percent Milk yield increment based on current harvest by season Weight gain based on current market price for different species Others (children Kuran/school, peace and wedding) 2.2. Brief justifications presented The communities under lined that there is no need of comparing drug availability now and after CAHW service mainly because there is no drug available currently. Hassen Aden (Wafer) chair man of Dhancade kebele was seen while acaricide drenching goats with internal parasite. Trypanosomes, insects and fever caused by infectious diseases were considered as main cause of abortion. 4

5 The period, Hagay season, was characterized by heavy mosquito population and the abortion rate was so high. Currently there is very poor response to treatments of what ever kinds. Conflict arises due to economic demands that if livestock would be performing well people will not fight. Some communities refused to consider peace as an indicator arguing conflict can happen in different ways as far as clan difference exists. Children Quran is expected to be 100% and wedding 70% on average. Absence of civil war and sever drought were the assumptions considered. Table 1 Expected treatment efficacy in percent Site Recovery % Site Recovery % Hisale 70 Mesela-Adun 80 Cifan 80 Elhar 87 Egerow 80 Godgod 90 Dhanow 80 Circire 90 Bartoyo 80 Gambadh 90 Dhancade 80 El-Dhub 90 Geriley 80 Mulato 95 Qudhacyere 80 Biyacad 95 Average 84 Minimum Level of recovery expected from treated Cases in Percent Percent Average Biyacad Mulato El-Dhub Gambadh Circire Godgod Elhar Mesela-Adun Qudhacyere Geriley Dhancade Bartoyo Dhanow Egerow Cifan Hisale 5

6 Table 2 Average live births by species Species Current % Expected % Camel Cows Goat and sheep Live Birth Current and After CAHW service Goat and sheep Cows Expected % Current % Camel Percent The community indicated that normally cows do abort very rarely unless infected by Trypanosome but goats and camels do abort frequently whenever there is stress condition including feed shortage. Accordingly the post CAHW service intervention abortion rate considered acceptable is quite high 14 and 16 % for small ruminants and camels respectively. Table 3 Average current and expected milk yield performance of different species Species Dry now/liter Dry after CAHW Wet now Wet after CAHW Camel Cow Goat

7 Milk Yield Change in liter Wet season after CAHW Wet season now Dry season after CAHW Goat Cow Camel Dry season now Liter Table 4 Livestock price current and after CAHW service in Somali Shilling Species Current/ million After CAHW Camel Cattle Small ruminant Livestock Price in Somali Shilling Small ruminant Cattle After CAHW Current Camel Shilling in Million Exchange rate: 1 Birr = 18,000 Somali Shillings and 1 USD = 8.63 Birr 7

8 Annex I. GPS reading of sites visited and meeting spots Site Altitude Latitude/North Degree minute second Longitude/East Degree minute second El-dhub Dollo-Bay Gambadh Bartuyo Circire Elhar Egerow Dhancade Qudhacyere Dhanow Geriley Cifan Hisale Mesal-Adun Godgod Biyacad Qohle Mulatto Annex II. List of community members participated community indicators meeting Site Kebele chair man Number of community members participated El-dhub Suban Ahmed Daar 11 Gambadh Hassan Aden 11 Bartuyo Macalin Hire Cali 11 Circire Hgar Shune 17 Elhar Haji Abdullahi Farah 10 Egerow Salah Ibrahin 16 Dhancade Banad Hussen 9 Qudhacyere Mohamud Mahdi Abdi 9 Dhanow Abdulahi Abdidhere 9 Geriley Bare Abdi 16 Cifan Not present 16 Hisale Aden Hudul Hassan 12 Mesal-Adun Hassan 16 Godgod Duwane Omar Farah 13 Biyacad Jamac Hassan Abdi 10 Mulatto Abdi Gurtin Dhiis 8 8