Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline:

Transcription

1 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Copy No: IP Security: Public

2 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Table of Contents Terminology, Definitions and Abbreviations Introduction Proponent Project Location Environmental Approvals Purpose of this Plan Legislative Requirements Objectives and Scope Timeline Requirements Hierarchy of Documentation International Conventions, Legislation, and Management Plans Stakeholder Consultation Marine Turtle Expert Panel Public Availability Relevant Facilities and Activities Onshore Construction Infrastructure and Activities Offshore Construction Infrastructure and Activities Onshore Operations Offshore Operations Barrow Island Marine Turtle Baseline Information Reports and Project Information Background Ecology and Biology Species Within the North West Shelf Region Marine Turtle Life Cycle Reproductive Populations Barrow Island Marine Turtle Breeding Cycle Calendar Barrow Island Reproductive Populations Hawksbill Turtles Green Turtles Flatback Turtles Barrow Island Internesting Habitat Migratory Pathways and Foraging Grounds Nest Environment Hatching and Emergence Success Coastal Habitat and Beach Physical Characteristics Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page v Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

3 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Hatchlings On the Beach Nearshore Zone Deepwater Zone Nursery Habitat Resident Populations Coastal Waters Between Barrow Island and the Mainland Water Quality and Sediment Quality in Nearshore Habitats of Barrow Island Nearshore Habitats of Barrow Island Risk Assessment Risk Assessments Undertaken Methodology Outcomes Phase-Significant Stressors DomGas Pipeline Operation Risk Assessment Outcome Risks from Combined Effects Direct Proposal-related Stressors Medium Risk Direct Proposal-related Stressors Low Risk Indirect Stressors Non-Gorgon Gas Development Related Management Management Measures Overview Risk Management Construction Management of Risk Operations Light Emissions Overview Scope Relevant Laws, Regulations, Standards, and Guidelines (Operating Controls) Lighting Management Strategies and Management Measures Overview of Guiding Principles for Lighting Management Strategies Construction Lighting Management Strategies and Management Measures Onshore Construction Lighting Management Strategies and Measures Offshore Construction Lighting Management Strategies and Measures Start-up and Commissioning Lighting Management Strategies and Measures Operations Lighting Management Strategies and Measures Gas Treatment Plant and Associated Terrestrial and Marine Infrastructure Ground Flares and BOG Flare MOF and Jetty Marine Vessels Page vi Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

4 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: 6.5 Decommissioning Lighting Management Strategies and Measures Engineering Controls (Design Features) Administrative (Operating) Controls Analysis of Light Mitigation Options Relocation of Flares to an Inland location Shrouding Shrouding of Plant Lighting Shrouding of Lighting on MOF Causeway, MOF and Jetty Shrouding and Light Source Reduction on Ships and Dredges Monitoring Program Overview Monitoring Parameters Detecting Change Monitoring Control Charts Management Triggers Ecological Monitoring Management Triggers Construction Monitoring Ecological Monitoring Monitoring of Stressors Monitoring Strandings and Mortalities Monitoring Beach Sand Temperature Operations Monitoring Scope of Studies Regional Studies Local Studies Hatchlings Population studies Objectives, Performance Standards, and Relevant Documentation Overview Objectives Performance Standards Relevant Documentation Implementation, Auditing, Reporting, and Review Training and Inductions Environmental Management Documentation Chevron ABU OE Documentation Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline Documentation Auditing 162 Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page vii Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

5 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Internal Auditing External Auditing Reporting Compliance Reporting Environmental Performance Reporting Routine Internal Reporting Incident Reporting and Response Strategy Review of this Plan References Appendix 1 Reference List Appendix 2 Chevron Integrated Risk Prioritization Matrix Appendix 3 Gorgon Riskman2 Environmental Consequence Interpretive Guideline Appendix 4 Compliance Reporting Table Appendix 5 Scopes of Studies that Address the Knowledge Gaps Associated with the Gorgon Gas Development on the East Coast of Barrow Island List of Tables Table 1-1 Requirements of this Plan Table 3-1 Conservation Status of Marine Turtles in North West Region of Australia Table 3-2 Proposed Marine Construction Activities and Barrow Island Marine Turtle Breeding Cycle Calendar Table 3-3 Typical Sand Substrate Parameters at Control Sites on Barrow Island (December 2007 February 2008) Table 3-4 Summary of Cues used by Marine Turtle Hatchlings during Sea-finding Following Emergence from the Nest Table 4-1 Conversion used to Align Outputs from the LTMTMP-specific Environmental Risk Assessment Table 4-2 Description of Predicted Marine Turtle Stressors from the Gorgon Gas Development Table 4-3 Summary of Risk Assessment for Construction Activities on the East and West Coasts of Barrow Island Table 4-4 Summary of Risk Assessment for Operations Activities on the East Coast of Barrow Island Table 4-5 Matrix of Multiple Proposal-related Stressors for each Major Marine Turtle Life Stage during Construction and Operation Phases of the Gorgon Gas Development Table 5-1 EMPs and Associated Stressors as they Relate to Marine Turtles Table 5-2 Impact Mitigation Strategies and Associated Stressors as they Relate to Marine Turtles (Construction phase) Table 5-3 Other Internal Documents and Associated Stressors as they Relate to Marine Turtles Table 6-1 Selected Luminaire Properties and Application in Gas Treatment Plant Lighting Regimes Table 6-2 Advantages/Disadvantages of Relocating the BOG Flare to an Inland Location Table 6-3 Advantages/Disadvantages of Shrouding for the Gas Treatment Plant Page viii Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

6 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Table 6-4 Advantages/Disadvantages of Maximum Possible Shrouding and Light Source Reduction on Ships and Dredges Table 7-1 Flatback Turtle Tagging Program Table 7-2 Marine Turtle Track Census Program Table 7-3 Hatchling Orientation (Fan) on Beaches Monitoring Program Table 7-4 Flatback Turtle Satellite Tracking Program Table 7-5 Flatback Turtle Nest Success Program Table 7-6 Coastal Stability Program Table 7-7 Flatback Turtle Hatchling Dispersal and Survivorship Program Table 7-8 Noise and Vibration Monitoring Program Table 7-9 Light Monitoring Program Table 7-10 Strandings Monitoring Program Table 7-11 Beach Temperature Monitoring Program Table 8-1 Priority of Ecological Research Studies for Marine Turtles for the period to Table 9-1 Objectives, Performance Standards, and Relevant Documentation Table 10-1 Competency, Training, and Induction Requirements Table 10-2 Incident Reporting Requirements List of Figures Figure 1-1 Location of the Greater Gorgon Area Figure 1-2 Location of the Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline Figure 1-3 Hierarchy of Gorgon Gas Development Environmental Documentation Figure 1-4 Integrated Framework within which the has been Designed Figure 1-5 Context of the during the Gorgon Gas Development Construction Period Figure 1-6 Context of the during the Gorgon Gas Development Operations Phase Figure 1-7 Deliverable Development, Review and Approval Flow Chart Figure 3-1 Flatback Turtle Life Cycle and Major Anthropogenic Hazards Figure 3-2 Location of Barrow, Varanus (part of the Lowendal Islands group) and Rosemary Islands Figure 3-3 Known Hawksbill Turtle Nesting Beaches on Barrow Island Figure 3-4 Known Green Turtle Nesting Beaches on Barrow Island Figure 3-5 Known Flatback Turtle Nesting Beaches on Barrow Island Figure 3-6 Flatback Turtle Track Census (mean/km/night) for Barrow Island to Figure 3-7 Barrow Island Beach Names and Locations Figure 3-8 Green Turtle Internesting Habitat Around Barrow Island Figure 3-9 Flatback Turtle Internesting Habitat Around Barrow Island Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page ix Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

7 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Figure 3-10 Flatback Turtle Internesting Habitat Around Barrow Island Figure 3-11 Migration Pathways and End Point/Foraging Grounds for Flatback Turtles Nesting at Barrow Island and Mundabullangana Station (n=6) Figure 3-12 Migration Pathways and End Point/Foraging Grounds for Green Turtles Nesting at Barrow Island (n=6) Figure 3-13 Fan Mapping Methodology Figure 6-1 Typical Oil and Gas Facility Illuminated at Task Lighting Levels Figure 6-2 Typical Oil and Gas Facility Illuminated to Normal Lighting Levels (20 lux) Figure 6-3 Example of a Shielded Luminaire Figure 6-4 Typical Oil and Gas Facility Illuminated to Normal Lighting Levels (20 lux) but Illustrating the Effect of Plant Light Screening/ Shielding Figure 6-5 Yellow Colour Fluorescent Tube Spectrum Figure 6-6 Warm White Colour Fluorescent Tube Spectrum Figure 6-7 Example of Road Delineation Lighting using LED Studs Figure 6-8 Example of Road Delineation Bollards Figure 7-1 Example of a Control Chart using Abundance Data Figure 7-2 A Simulated Example Control Chart of Life Stage Parameters Measured for Long-term Monitoring of the Flatback Turtle Population on Barrow Island Page x Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

8 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Terminology, Definitions and Abbreviations Terms, definitions and abbreviations used in this document are listed below. These align with the terms, definitions and abbreviations defined in Schedule 2 of the Western Australian Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline Ministerial Implementation Statements No. 800 and No. 769 respectively (Statement No. 800 and 769) and the Commonwealth Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline Ministerial Approvals (EPBC Reference: 2003/1294, 2008/4178 and 2005/2184). µg/l ABU Adult ALARP Albedo AMSA Anthropogenic ANZECC API APPEA ARI ARMCANZ AS AS/NZS ASBU At Risk One microgram per litre Australasia Business Unit A fully developed and mature turtle, physically capable of breeding, but not necessarily doing so until social and/or ecological conditions allow. As Low As Reasonably Practicable The extent to which an object of landscape diffusely reflects light from the sun. It is a unit-less measure of the whiteness of an object or terrain. For example, the albedo for fresh snow is 90%, charcoal ~4% and beach sand ~25% (depending on the colour of the sand). Australian Maritime Safety Authority Related to the influence of human beings or their ancestors on natural objects. Australian and New Zealand Environment and Conservation Council American Petroleum Institute Australian Petroleum Production and Exploration Association Assessment on Referral Information (for the proposed Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline dated September 2007) as amended or supplemented from time to time Agriculture and Resource Management Council of Australia and New Zealand Australian Standard Australian Standard/New Zealand Standard Australasia Strategic Business Unit Being at risk of Material Environmental Harm or Serious Environmental Harm and/or, for the purposes of the EPBC Act relevant listed threatened species, threatened ecological communities and listed migratory species, at risk of Material Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 11 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

9 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Environmental Harm or Serious Environmental Harm. BACI Bathymetric Benthic Benthic Habitats Benthic Primary Producers BOG BOM Bombora BPP BTEX ca Caisson Carapace Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 ) Injection System CCD CCL (Curved Carapace Length) Before After, Control Impact statistical design. Relating to measurements of the depths of oceans or lakes. Living upon or in the sediment of the sea. Areas on the sea floor or seabed that support living organisms. Examples include, but are not limited to, limestone pavement, reefs, bare sand and deepwater soft sediments. Photosynthesising organisms (mangroves, seagrasses, algae) or organisms that harbour photosynthetic symbionts (corals, giant clams). Boil-off Gas; vapours produced as a result of heat input and pressure variations that occur within various LNG storage and offloading operations stages. Bureau of Meteorology A shallow isolated piece of reef located a distance offshore. Benthic Primary Producers Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene primary toxins of soils and groundwater associated with petroleum products. Circa; about (usually applies to a date) A large watertight chamber used for construction under water. The top surface of a turtle s shell. The mechanical components required to be constructed to enable the injection of reservoir carbon dioxide, including but not limited to compressors, pipelines and wells. Charge Coupled Device Length of a turtle s carapace measured by researchers along the long axis with a flexible tape measure. Can be measured in one of two ways: CCL minimum: From the notch at the anterior of the carapace to the notch at the posterior end of the carapace where the last two marginal scutes meet. CCL n-t: From the notch at the anterior of the carapace to the tip of the last posterior marginal scute. Usually measured to whichever scute is longer. CCSU Causeway Construction Support Unit, temporary accommodation vessels installed at the MOF Causeway within the Marine Disturbance Footprint Page 12 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

10 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Chevron CIE CITES cm CMS CO 2 Commonwealth Marine Areas Construction Construction Period CRI Cth CUP DEC Demersal DEWHA Disorientation DNA Dolphin (structure) Unless explicitly stated, Chevron refers to the Chevron Australia. Chevron Australia, on behalf of the Gorgon Joint Venture Partners, will implement this Plan. International Commission on Illumination Convention for International Trade in Endangered Species Centimetre Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals 1979 (commonly known as the Bonn Convention) Carbon Dioxide Zoned areas of waters of the sea, the seabed and the airspace above the waters of the sea, defined under section 24 of the EPBC Act (Cth). Construction includes any Proposal-related (or action-related) construction and commissioning activities within the Terrestrial and Marine Disturbance Footprints, excluding investigatory works such as, but not limited to, geotechnical, geophysical, biological and cultural heritage surveys, baseline monitoring surveys and technology trials. The period from the date on which the Gorgon Joint Venturers commence construction of the Proposal until the date on which the Gorgon Joint Venturers issue a notice of acceptance of work under the EPCM, or equivalent contract entered into in respect of the second LNG train of the Gas Treatment Plant. Colour Rendition Index Commonwealth of Australia Common User Procedure Former Western Australian Department of Environment and Conservation (now Department of Parks and Wildlife) Living, mobile animals on the sea floor or just above it. Former Commonwealth Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts (now DotE) Where hatchlings or adults crawl on circuitous paths. Deoxyribonucleic Acid A fixed man-made marine structure that extends above the water level and is not connected to shore. Typical uses include extending a berth (a berthing dolphin) or providing a point to moor to (a mooring dolphin). Dolphins are also used to display regulatory information like speed limits, navigation information, Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 13 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

11 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX lighted aids to navigation, etc. DomGas DotE Downstream Ecological Element EIS/ERMP Embryo EMP Environmental Harm Domestic Gas Commonwealth Department of the Environment Gas Treatment Plant, MOF and LNG jetty, construction village and associated facilities and other infrastructure such as upgrades to the airport, roads and other utilities. Element listed in Condition 6.1 of Statement No. 800 and Statement No. 769 and Condition 5.1 EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178. Environmental Impact Statement/Environmental Review and Management Programme (for the Proposed Gorgon Development dated September 2005 as amended or supplemented from time to time). The term embryo spans from the time of first cell division until hatching. Environmental Management Plan Has the meaning given by Part 3A of the Environmental Protection Act 1986 (WA). EP Act Western Australian Environmental Protection Act 1986 EPA Western Australian Environmental Protection Authority EPBC Act Commonwealth Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 EPBC Reference: 2005/2184 EPBC Reference: 2008/4178 EPCM Feed Gas Pipeline FMRI FP GBR GBRMPA Commonwealth Ministerial Approval (for the Gorgon Gas Development) as amended or replaced from time to time. Commonwealth Ministerial Approval (for the Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline) as amended or replaced from time to time. Commonwealth Ministerial Approval (for the Revised Gorgon Gas Development) as amended or replaced from time to time. Engineering, Procurement and Construction Management Pipeline from the wells to the Gas Treatment Plant Florida Marine Research Institute Fibropapillomatosis Great Barrier Reef Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority Page 14 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

12 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: GDA Geophone GIS Gorgon Gas Development GPS GPS Transmitter Gravid Ground Truth ha Hatchling HAZID HDD HES HPS Hydric Hydrotest Hz IESNA IMO Geocentric Datum of Australia A sound-detecting instrument used to measure sound waves created by explosions set off during seismic exploration work. Geographic Information System The Gorgon Gas Development as approved under Statement No. 800 and EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178 as amended or replaced from time to time. Global Positioning System Global Positioning System satellite transmitter which is placed on the back of the turtle to track its spatial movements and position over large geographic scales. GPS transmitters are accurate to within 10 m. Carrying eggs in the oviduct. To verify the correctness of remote sensing information by use of ancillary information such as field studies. Hectare Newly hatched marine turtle. The hatchling phase is the period between the hatchling emerging from the egg shell and commencing feeding upon moving onto nearshore foraging grounds on a continental shelf. During this phase, the hatchling uncurls and absorbs the egg yolk as it emerges onto the beach surface, crawls across the beach, swims to the nearshore foraging grounds (swimming frenzy) and commences feeding when reliance on the egg yolk has ceased. Hazard Identification Horizontal Directional Drilling Health, Environment and Safety High Pressure Sodium-vapour Relating to an environment containing, or requiring an abundance of moisture. Method whereby water is pressurised within pipes and vessels to detect leaks. Hertz or cycles per second. Something that repeats a cycle once each second moves at a rate of 1 Hz. Illuminating Engineering Society of North America International Maritime Organization Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 15 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

13 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX IMS Internesting Period IOSEA Marine Turtle MOU ISGOTT ISO ISPS ISQG IUCN Impact Mitigation Strategy Period between successive ovipositions within a single breeding season. The females move to offshore internesting grounds while they form the next clutch of eggs. Internesting grounds may be close to or remote from the nesting beach. Indian Ocean South-East Asian Marine Turtle Memorandum of Understanding ( International Safety Guide for Oil Tankers and Terminals International Organization for Standardization International Ship and Port Facility Security Interim Sediment Quality Guideline International Union for Conservation of Nature Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline The Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline as approved in Statement No. 769 and EPBC Reference: 2005/2184 as amended or replaced from time to time. Juvenile KJVG km kw L LAC LED Light Glow Light Spill Marine turtles that have moved onto nearshore coastal foraging grounds. Benthic foraging small immature turtles up to CCL = 60 cm for Hawksbill and Flatback Turtles or CCL = 65 cm for Green Turtles. These size estimates refer to approximately the middle size between the end of recruitment from the post-hatchling phase and size for commencement of adult breeding. For Green and Hawksbill Turtles from the south Great Barrier Reef region turtles recruit to coastal benthic foraging at typically 30 to 50 cm long, and approximately 5 10 years old at this time. Kellogg Joint Venture Gorgon Kilometre kilowatt Litre Light Attenuation Coefficient Light Emitting Diode; a semiconductor device that emits incoherent narrow-spectrum light. Atmospheric scattering of light particles that result in a luminescent background or sky. Excessive brightening of the environment from both direct light and light glow. Page 16 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

14 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: LNG LTMTMP Lumen Luminaires lux m m/s Macroalgae Macroinvertebrates Management Triggers Marine Disturbance Footprint Marine Facilities Liquefied Natural Gas A measure of the luminous flux or quantity of light emitted by a source. A complete lighting unit that produces and distributes light, including the fixture, ballast, mounting and lamps A standard for measuring light; equal to the amount of visible light per square meter incident on a surface. 1 lux = 1 lumen/square meter or foot-candles. Metre Metres per second Algae which can be seen easily, without using a microscope; includes large seaweeds. Animals without backbones that are big enough to see with the naked eye. Examples include most aquatic insects, snails and crayfish. Are quantitative, or where this is demonstrated to be not practicable, qualitative matters above or below whichever relevant additional management measures must be considered. The area of the seabed to be disturbed by construction or operations activities associated with the Marine Facilities listed in Condition 14.3 of Statement No. 800 and Condition 12.3 of Statement No. 769 and Condition 11.3 in EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178 (excepting that area of the seabed to be disturbed by the generation of turbidity and sedimentation from dredging and dredge spoil disposal) as set out in the Coastal and Marine Baseline State Report required under Condition 14.2 of Statement No. 800, Condition 12.2 of Statement No. 769 and Condition 11.2 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178. In relation to Statement No. 800 and EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178, the Marine Facilities are the: Materials Offloading Facility (MOF) LNG Jetty Dredge Spoil Disposal Ground Offshore Feed Gas Pipeline System and marine component of the shore crossing Domestic Gas Pipeline. For the purposes of Statement No. 800, Marine Facilities also include: Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 17 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

15 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Marine upgrade of the existing WAPET landing. In relation to Statement No. 769, Marine Facilities are the Offshore Feed Gas Pipeline System and marine component of the shore crossing. Marine Turtles MARPOL Material Environmental Harm MCA MDF MEG MFO MGD94, Zone 50 Migratory Species Misorientation MMS MOF MTEP MTPA n Natal Beach Nearshore Necroscopy Neritic For the purpose of this Plan, refers to Flatback, Green and Hawksbill Turtles that use the beaches and offshore waters of Barrow Island. The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution From Ships, 1973 as modified by the Protocol of Also known as MARPOL 73/78. Environmental Harm that is neither trivial nor negligible. Maritime and Coastguard Agency of UK Marine Disturbance Footprint Monoethylene Glycol Marine Fauna Observer Map Grid of Australia Zone 50 (WA); projection based on the Geocentric Datum of Australia Species listed as migratory under section 209 of the EPBC Act (Cth). Where hatchlings move landward, possibly attracted to artificial lights. Minerals Management Service (US Department of the Interior) Materials Offloading Facility Marine Turtle Expert Panel (established under Condition 15 of Statement No. 800). Million Tonnes Per Annum number Beach on which a marine turtle hatches and first enters the sea. This beach is known to be within the region in which the same adult turtle will return to lay its eggs. Within 3 nautical miles of Barrow Island. An examination of a dead body The neritic zone, also called the sublittoral zone, is the part of the ocean extending from the low tide mark to the edge of the Page 18 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

16 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: continental shelf, with a relatively shallow depth of <150 m in north-western Australia. NES nm NMFS NOAA NRC OCIMF OE OEMS Offshore Onshore Ontogenetic Operations (Gorgon Gas Development) Operations (Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline) Oviparous Oviposition Parks and Wildlife Pelagic [Matters of] National Environmental Significance, as defined in Part 3, Division 1 of the EPBC Act (Cth). nanometre National Marine Fisheries Services (United States) National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (United States) National Research Council (United States) Oil Companies International Marine Forum Operational Excellence Operational Excellence Management System Below the water level at low tide. Above the water level at low tide. The development of an individual organism. In relation to Statement No. 800 and EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178, for the respective LNG trains, this is the period from the date on which the Gorgon Joint Venturers issue a notice of acceptance of work under the Engineering, Procurement and Construction Management (EPCM) contract, or equivalent contract entered into in respect of that LNG train of the Gas Treatment Plant; until the date on which the Gorgon Joint Venturers commence decommissioning of that LNG train. In relation to Statement No. 769, for the pipeline, this is the period from the date on which the Proponent issues a notice of acceptance of work under the Engineering, Procurement and Construction Management (EPCM) contract, or equivalent contract entered into in respect of that pipeline; until the date on which the Proponent commences decommissioning of that pipeline. Oviparous animals lay eggs with little or no other embryonic development within the mother. To lay eggs. Western Australian Department of Parks and Wildlife Of, relating to, living or occurring in the open sea, though this refers specifically to surface waters as opposed to deep ocean within this zone. Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 19 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

17 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX PER Performance Standards ph Phylogeography Pipping PIT Post-hatchling Practicable PTT QAP Ra Remigration interval RiskMan2 Public Environmental Review for the Gorgon Gas Development Revised and Expanded Proposal dated September 2008, as amended or supplemented from time to time. Are matters which are developed for assessing performance, not compliance, and are quantitative targets or where that is demonstrated to be not practicable, qualitative targets, against which progress towards achievement of the objectives of conditions can be measured. Measure of acidity or basicity of a solution The study of the historical processes that may be responsible for the contemporary geographic distributions of individuals. The process of a turtle embryo breaking open the eggshell. Passive induced transponder. It is an electronic tag with no internal power source that is activated by an applied electromagnetic field to transmit a unique coded message (= tag number). A marine turtle immediately after it has completed the hatchling phase. The post-hatchling phase is the period after the hatchling has completed its swimming frenzy and reliance on the egg yolk and has commenced feeding at the nearshore foraging grounds. In Green, Loggerhead and some Hawksbill Turtles, this stage is pelagic, occurs in deep offshore oceanic waters and lasts ~10 years. In Flatback Turtles, this occurs as a pelagic neritic stage; duration is not known. Post-hatchlings are generally <50 cm CCL. Means reasonably practicable having regard to, among other things, local conditions and circumstances (including costs) and to the current state of technical knowledge. For the purposes of the Conditions of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178, which include the term practicable, when considering whether the plan meets the requirements of these Conditions, the Commonwealth Minister will determine what is practicable having regard to local conditions and circumstances including but not limited to personnel safety, weather or geographical conditions, costs, environmental benefit and the current state of scientific and technical knowledge. Platform Terminal Transmitter Quarantine Approved Premises Unit used for Colour Rendition Index The frequency (in years) between breeding seasons at which marine turtles return to the nesting ground to reproduce. Chevron HES Risk Management Process Page 20 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

18 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: RMI RO Rookery Saturation Tagging SCL Scute SD or SE Sea Pens Seagrass Serious Environmental Harm Sessile Remigration Interval Reverse Osmosis An active or inactive turtle nesting beach. A saturation tagging program is defined by the application of two tags to every turtle during the study period within the study area. Straight-line Carapace Length. Measurements taken between the same positions on a turtle carapace as for CCL. An external keratin plate or scale, as on the shell of a turtle. Relating to statistical variation: Standard Deviation (SD) or Standard Error (SE) Sea pens are colonial marine cnidarians belonging to the order Pennatulacea. There are 14 families within the order; they are thought to have a cosmopolitan distribution in tropical and temperate waters worldwide. Sea pens are grouped with the octocorals ( soft corals ), together with sea whips and sea feathers. Unrelated to seaweed, seagrasses are the flowering plants of the ocean, having roots, stems, leaves and inconspicuous flowers with fruits and seeds much like the flowering plants of the land. Environmental harm that is: a) irreversible, of a high impact or on a wide scale; or b) significant or in an area of high conservation value or special significance and is neither trivial nor negligible. Attached by the base without a stalk or stem. SEWPaC Former Commonwealth Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (now DotE) Shallow Coastal Waters Shrouding Significant Impact SLR Incorporates the waters of the Australian continental shelf, extending to a maximum depth of 150 m, but typically ~<50 m in the vicinity of Barrow Island. In relation to lights, structures that envelope or obscure a luminaire; a protective casing or cover An impact on a Matter of National Environmental Significance or their habitat, relevant to EPBC Reference: 2003/1294, 2005/2185 and 2008/4178 that is important, notable or of consequence having regard to its context or intensity. Single Lens Reflex (camera) Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 21 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

19 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Statement No. 748 Western Australian Ministerial Implementation Statement No. 748 (for the Gorgon Gas Development) as amended from time to time [superseded by Statement No. 800]. Statement No. 769 Western Australian Ministerial Implementation Statement No. 769 (for the Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline) as amended from time to time. Statement No. 800 Western Australian Ministerial Implementation Statement No. 800 (for the Gorgon Gas Development) as amended from time to time. Statistical Power Stochastic Stressor Sub-adults/large juveniles Substrate Surficial T TAPL Taxon (plural: taxa) TBT TDF Teratogenic Terrestrial Disturbance Footprint (TDF) The probability of detecting a meaningful difference or effect, if one was to occur. Random An environmental condition or influence that stresses (i.e. causes stress for) an organism. Benthic foraging large immature turtles larger than CCL = 60 cm for Hawksbill and Flatback Turtles, or larger than CCL = 65 cm for Green Turtles. The surface a plant or animal lives upon. The substrate can include biotic or abiotic materials. For example, encrusting algae that lives on a rock can be substrate for another animal that lives above the algae on the rock. Of or pertaining to the surface. In reference to lighting, task lighting. Texaco Australia Pty Ltd A taxon (plural taxa), or taxonomic unit, is a name designating an organism or a group of organisms. Tributyl Tin Terrestrial Disturbance Footprint Of, relating to, or causing malformations or defects to an embryo or foetus. The area to be disturbed by construction or operations activities associated with the Terrestrial Facilities listed in Condition 6.3 of Statement No. 800, Condition 6.3 of Statement No. 769 and Condition 5.2 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178, and set out in the Terrestrial and Subterranean Baseline State and Environmental Impact Report required under Condition 6.1 of Statement No. 800, Condition 6.1 of Statement No. 769 and Condition 5.1 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178. Page 22 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

20 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Terrestrial Facilities Threatened Ecological Communities In relation to Statement No. 800 and EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178, the terrestrial facilities are the: Gas Treatment Plant Carbon Dioxide Injection System Associated Terrestrial Infrastructure forming part of the Proposal Areas impacted for seismic data acquisition Onshore Feed Gas Pipeline System and terrestrial component of the Shore Crossing. In relation to Statement No. 769, terrestrial facilities are the Onshore Feed Gas Pipeline System and terrestrial component of the Shore Crossing, as approved under Statement No Ecological communities listed as critically endangered, endangered or vulnerable under section 181 of the EPBC Act (Cth). Threatened Species Species listed as extinct, extinct in the wild, critically endangered, endangered, vulnerable or conservation dependent under section 178 of the EPBC Act (Cth). TN TOC TP TSS Turbidity UNEP Upstream USACE USAEWAS Vessel Vitellogenesis Total Nitrogen Total Organic Content Total Phosphorus Total Suspended Solids The cloudiness or haziness of a fluid caused by individual particles (suspended solids) that are generally invisible to the naked eye, similar to smoke in air. The measurement of turbidity is a key test of water quality. United Nations Environment Program Gas field wells and subsea installation, Offshore Feed Gas Pipeline system and shore crossing, Onshore Feed Gas Pipeline and DomGas pipeline system. United States Army Corps of Engineers US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station Craft of any type operating in the marine environment including hydrofoil boats, air-cushion vehicles, submersibles, floating craft and fixed or floating platforms. Also includes seaplanes when present on and in the water. Also known as yolk deposition; the process of yolk formation via nutrients being deposited in the oocyte, or female germ cell Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 23 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

21 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX involved in reproduction. W WA WAPET WAPET Landing Waters surrounding Barrow Island Waters Surrounding Barrow Island Wrack YCN YCS Watt Western Australia West Australian Petroleum Pty Ltd. Proper name referring to the site of the barge landing existing on the east coast of Barrow Island prior to the date of Statement No Waters of the Barrow Island Marine Park and Barrow Island Marine Management Area, as well as the port of Barrow Island. Refers to the waters of the Barrow Island Marine Park and Barrow Island Marine Management Area (approximately 4169 ha and ha respectively) as well as the port of Barrow Island representing the Pilbara Offshore Marine Bioregion which is dominated by tropical species that are biologically connected to more northern areas by the Leeuwin Current and the Indonesian Throughflow, resulting in a diverse marine biota is typical of the Indo West Pacific flora and fauna. Any marine vegetation cast up on the shore. Yacht Club North (beach) Yacht Club South (beach) Page 24 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

22 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Proponent Chevron Australia Pty Ltd (Chevron Australia) is the proponent and the person taking the action for the Gorgon Gas Development on behalf of the following companies (collectively known as the Gorgon Joint Venturers): Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Chevron (TAPL) Pty Ltd Shell Development (Australia) Proprietary Limited Mobil Australia Resources Company Pty Limited Osaka Gas Gorgon Pty Ltd Tokyo Gas Gorgon Pty Ltd Chubu Electric Power Gorgon Pty Ltd pursuant to Statement No. 800 and EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178. Chevron Australia is also the proponent and the person taking the action for the Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline on behalf of the Gorgon Joint Venturers, pursuant to Statement No. 769, and EPBC Reference: 2005/ Project Chevron Australia proposes to develop the gas reserves of the Greater Gorgon Area (Figure 1-1). Subsea gathering systems and subsea pipelines will be installed to deliver feed gas from the Gorgon and Jansz Io gas fields to the west coast of Barrow Island. The feed gas pipeline system will be buried as it traverses from the west coast to the east coast of the Island where the system will tie in to the Gas Treatment Plant located at Town Point. The Gas Treatment Plant will comprise three Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) trains capable of producing a nominal capacity of five Million Tonnes Per Annum (MTPA) per train. The Gas Treatment Plant will also produce condensate and domestic gas. Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), which occurs naturally in the feed gas, will be separated during the production process. As part of the Gorgon Gas Development, Chevron Australia will inject the separated CO 2 into deep formations below Barrow Island. The LNG and condensate will be loaded from a dedicated jetty offshore from Town Point and then transported by dedicated carriers to international markets. Gas for domestic use will be exported by a pipeline from Town Point to the domestic gas collection and distribution network on the mainland (Figure 1-2). 1.3 Location The Gorgon gas field is located approximately 130 km and the Jansz Io field approximately 200 km off the north-west coast of Western Australia. Barrow Island is located off the Pilbara coast 85 km north-north-east of the town of Onslow and 140 km west of Karratha. The Island is approximately 25 km long and 10 km wide and covers ha. It is the largest of a group of islands, including the Montebello and Lowendal Islands. Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 25 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

23 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Figure 1-1 Location of the Greater Gorgon Area Page 26 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

24 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Figure 1-2 Location of the Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 27 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

25 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Environmental Approvals The initial Gorgon Gas Development was assessed through an Environmental Impact Statement/Environmental Review and Management Programme (EIS/ERMP) assessment process (Chevron Australia 2005, 2006). The initial Gorgon Gas Development was approved by the Western Australian State Minister for the Environment on 6 September 2007 by way of Ministerial Implementation Statement No. 748 (Statement No. 748) and the Commonwealth Minister for the Environment and Water Resources on 3 October 2007 (EPBC Reference: 2003/1294). In May 2008, under section 45C of the Western Australian Environmental Protection Act 1986 (EP Act), the Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) approved some minor changes to the Gorgon Gas Development that it considered not to result in a significant, detrimental, environmental effect in addition to, or different from, the effect of the original proposal (EPA 2008). The approved changes are: excavation of a berthing pocket at the Barge (WAPET) Landing facility installation of additional communications facilities (microwave communications towers) relocation of the seawater intake modification to the seismic monitoring program. In September 2008, Chevron Australia sought both State and Commonwealth approval through a Public Environment Review (PER) assessment process (Chevron Australia 2008) for the Revised and Expanded Gorgon Gas Development to make some changes to Key Proposal Characteristics of the initial Gorgon Gas Development, as outlined below: addition of a five MTPA LNG train, increasing the number of LNG trains from two to three expansion of the CO 2 Injection System, increasing the number of injection wells and surface drill locations extension of the causeway and the Materials Offloading Facility (MOF) into deeper water. The Revised and Expanded Gorgon Gas Development was approved by the Western Australian State Minister for the Environment on 10 August 2009 by way of Ministerial Implementation Statement No. 800 (Statement No. 800). Statement No. 800 also superseded Statement No. 748 as the approval for the initial Gorgon Gas Development. Statement No. 800 therefore provides approval for both the initial Gorgon Gas Development and the Revised and Expanded Gorgon Gas Development, which together are known as the Gorgon Gas Development. Amendments to Statement No. 800 Conditions 18, 20, and 21 under Section 46 of the EP Act were approved by the Western Australian State Minister for the Environment on 7 June 2011 by way of Ministerial Implementation Statement No. 865 (Statement No. 865). Implementation of the Gorgon Gas Development will continue to be in accordance with Statement No. 800, as amended by Statement No On 26 August 2009, the then Commonwealth Minister for the Environment, Heritage and the Arts issued approval for the Revised and Expanded Gorgon Gas Development (EPBC Reference: 2008/4178), and varied the conditions for the initial Gorgon Gas Development (EPBC Reference: 2003/1294). Since the Revised and Expanded Gorgon Gas Development was approved, further minor changes have also been made and/or approved to the Gorgon Gas Development and are now part of the Development. This Plan relates to any such changes, and where necessary will be specifically revised to address the impacts of those changes. Use of an additional 32 ha of uncleared land for the Gorgon Gas Development Additional Construction, Laydown, and Operations Support Area (Additional Support Area) was approved by the Western Australian State Minister for Environment on 2 April 2014 by way of Ministerial Page 28 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

26 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Implementation Statement No. 965 and by Variation issued by the Commonwealth Minister for the Environment. Statement No. 965 applies the conditions of Statement No. 800 to the Additional Support Area and requires all implementation, management, monitoring, compliance assessment and reporting, environmental performance reporting, protocol setting, and record keeping requirements applicable to the Additional Support Area under Statement No. 800 to be carried out on a joint basis with the Gorgon Gas Development. The Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline was assessed via Environmental Impact Statement/Assessment on Referral Information (ARI) and EPBC Referral assessment processes (Mobil Australia 2005, 2006). The Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline was approved by the Western Australian State Minister for the Environment on 28 May 2008 by way of Ministerial Implementation Statement No. 769 (Statement No. 769) and the Commonwealth Minister for the Environment and Water Resources on 22 March 2006 (EPBC Reference: 2005/2184). This Plan covers the Gorgon Gas Development as approved under Statement No. 800 and as approved by EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and EPBC Reference: 2008/4178, and including the Additional Support Area as approved by Statement No. 965 and as varied by the Commonwealth Minister for the Environment. In respect of the Carbon Dioxide Seismic Baseline Survey Works Program, which comprises the only works approved under Statement No. 748 before it was superseded, and under EPBC Act Ref 2003/1294 before the Minister approved a variation to it on 26 August 2009, note that under Condition 1A.1 of Ministerial Statement No. 800 and Condition 1.4 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178 this Program is authorised to continue for six months subject to the existing approved plans, reports, programs and systems for the Program, and the works under the Program are not the subject of this Plan. 1.5 Purpose of this Plan Legislative Requirements State Ministerial Conditions This Plan is required under Condition 16.1 of Statement No. 800, which is quoted below: Prior to commencement of construction of any facility listed in Condition 6.3 or Condition 14.3 to be located on the east coast of Barrow Island, the Proponent shall prepare and submit to the Minister a (the Plan) that meets the objectives set out in Condition 16.3 and the requirements of Condition 16.4, as determined by the Minister, unless otherwise allowed in Condition 16.1A. This Plan may be submitted in stages as allowed under Condition 16.1A of Statement No. 800: In the event that any portion of the Plan related to specific elements or sub-elements (Schedule 1) of the Proposal is not submitted as required by Condition 16.1, the Proponent shall submit the portion of the Plan relevant to that element or sub-element to the Minister prior to the commencement of construction of that element or sub-element, taking into account the advice of the MTEP that meets the objectives identified in Condition 16.3 and the requirements of Condition 16.4 as determined by the Minister Commonwealth Ministerial Conditions This Plan satisfies the requirements of Condition 12.1 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178, which is quoted below: Prior to commencement of construction of any facility listed in Condition 5.2 or Condition 11.3 to be located on the east coast of Barrow Island, the person taking the Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 29 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

27 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX action must prepare and submit to the Minister, for approval, a Long-term Marine Turtle Management Plan (the Plan) that meets the objectives set out in Condition 12.3 and the requirements of Condition 12.4, as determined by the Minister, unless otherwise allowed in Condition 12.1A Objectives and Scope The objectives of this Plan, as stated in Condition 16.3 of Statement No. 800 are to: address the long-term management of the marine turtles that utilise the east coast beaches and waters where there are Proposal-related stressors to marine turtles establish baseline information on the populations of marine turtles that utilise the beaches adjacent to the east coast facilities identified in Conditions 6.3 and 14.3 of Statement No. 800 establish a monitoring program to measure and detect changes to the Flatback Turtle population in accordance with Condition 16.4ii of Statement No specify design features, management measures and operating controls to manage, and where practicable, avoid adverse impacts to marine turtles, with specific reference to reducing light and noise emissions as far as practicable. The objectives of this Plan, as stated in Condition 12.3 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178, are to: address the long-term management of the marine turtles that utilise the east coast beaches and waters where there are action related stressors to marine turtles establish baseline information on the populations of marine turtles that utilise the beaches adjacent to the east coast facilities identified in Conditions 5.2 and 11.3 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178. establish a monitoring program to measure and detect changes to the Flatback Turtle population in accordance with Condition 12.4ii of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178. specify design features, management measures and operating controls to manage, as far as practicable, and avoid adverse impacts to marine turtles, with specific reference to reducing light and noise emissions as far as practicable. The scope of this Plan encompasses the Construction Period and Operations of the Gorgon Gas Development on the east coast of Barrow Island for the Marine Facilities and Terrestrial Facilities, and as allowed under Condition 16.1A of Statement No Activities and impacts associated with decommissioning stages will be dealt with in other plans. This Plan focuses on the long-term management of marine turtles that use east coast Barrow Island waters and beaches. Given available resources and the low nesting numbers of Hawksbill Turtles on Barrow Island, resources have been focused on Flatback Turtles, which are deemed to be at highest risk from industry activities on the east coast, and Green Turtles near North Whites Beach on the west coast. Monitoring and management activities will capture information on other marine turtles where practicable. Chevron Australia envisages that management measures employed to reduce potential impacts on Flatback and Green Turtles shall also address potential impacts on Hawksbill Turtles. This Plan does not include management of other populations of marine turtles that frequent waters or beaches elsewhere in the region or elsewhere in the State, although recognition of further studies to place Barrow Island into context is included. This Plan has been formulated with consideration of the main objective of the national Recovery Plan for Marine Turtles in Australia (Environment Australia 2003), which is: to reduce detrimental impacts on Australian populations of marine turtles and hence promote their recovery in the wild Page 30 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

28 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: and applied specifically, in this instance, to marine turtle populations that use east coast Barrow Island waters and beaches for any part of their lives. This Plan provides the following information: overview of activities during the construction period and operations of the Gorgon Gas Development baseline marine turtle ecology and biology relevant to Barrow Island and the Gorgon Gas Development ecological risk assessment, including direct and indirect risks to marine turtles identification of documents that relate to key management actions and strategies to reduce impacts to marine turtles from the Gorgon Gas Development outline of research and monitoring programs specific to marine turtles, including performance objectives and measurement criteria auditing and management review Timeline While addressing the long-term management of marine turtles, this Plan will initially be developed for a five-year period ( ) to accommodate a period of review and update, as stipulated under Condition 5.3 of Statement No. 800, and Condition 4.2 EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/ Requirements This Plan provides specific guidance for identifying direct Proposal-related stressors to marine turtles for the construction and operations of the Terrestrial and Marine Facilities on the east coast of Barrow Island, and to reduce impacts to marine turtles inhabiting the waters off Barrow Island. The requirements, as stated in Condition 16 of Statement No. 800, Condition 12 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178, are linked to various sections of this Plan, as listed in Table 1-1. To satisfy the requirements of Condition 16.4.viii of Statement No. 800 and Condition 12.4.vii of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178, Chevron Australia will comply with its obligations under the North West Shelf Flatback Turtle Intervention Program as agreed between Chevron Australia and the Western Australian Minister for the Environment. Chevron Australia, on behalf of the Gorgon Joint Venture Partners, will implement this Plan. The following Plans, which are required under Statement No. 800, Statement No. 769 (where relevant), EPBC Reference: 2003/1294, 2008/4178 and 2005/2184 also address the management of turtles and may be guided by this Plan: Condition 17 (Statement No. 800): Marine Facilities Construction Environmental Management Plan Condition 20 (Statement No. 800): Dredging and Spoil Disposal Management and Monitoring Plan Condition 22 (Statement No. 800): Horizontal Directional Drilling Management and Monitoring Plan Condition 23 (Statement No. 800): Offshore Feed Gas Pipeline Installation Management Plan Condition 23 (Statement No. 800): Offshore Domestic Gas Pipeline Installation Management Plan Condition 25 (Statement No. 800): Coastal Stability Management and Monitoring Plan. Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 31 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

29 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Condition 13 (Statement No. 769): Horizontal Directional Drilling Management and Monitoring Plan Condition 14 (Statement No. 769): Offshore Gas Pipeline Installation Management Plan. Condition 13 (EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178): Marine Facilities Construction Environmental Management Plan Condition 14 (EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178): Dredging and Spoil Disposal Management and Monitoring Plan Condition 15 (EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178): Horizontal Directional Drilling Management and Monitoring Plan Condition 16 (EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178): Offshore Feed Gas Pipeline Installation Management Plan. Condition 16 (EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178): Offshore Domestic Gas Pipeline Installation Management Plan. Table 1-1 Requirements of this Plan Ministerial Document Statement No. 800 Statement No. 800 EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178 Statement No. 800 Statement No. 800 EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178 Statement No. 800 Condition No i 16.4.ii 12.4.ii 16.4.iii 16.4.iv 12.4.iv 16.4.v Requirement Report the baseline information on the population of marine turtles that utilise the beaches on the east coast of Barrow Island adjacent to the east coast facilities identified in Conditions 6.3 or 14.3 Define the monitoring program to measure and detect changes to the Flatback Turtle populations. Monitoring methods shall have the ability to detect at a statistical power of 0.8 or greater, or an alternative statistical power as determined by the Minister, on advice of the MTEP, changes or impacts on parameters related to population viability Identify the significant proposal related stressors with the potential to cause adverse impact on marine turtles Specify design features, management measures and operating controls to manage, and where practicable, aim to avoid adverse impacts to the marine turtles, including, in relation to light emissions, consideration of the following options: shrouding of lights, including ships and other vessels relocation or shrouding of flares Define the scope of studies aimed at understanding the ecology of marine turtles that utilise the east coast beaches and waters where there are Proposalrelated stressors to marine turtles and studies aimed at understanding links between stressors and marine turtle behaviour to improve the management of impacts Section Reference in this Plan Sections 3.0 and 7.0 Section 7.0 Section 4.0 Sections 5.0 (all identified risks) and 6.0 (lighting specific); Section 6.7 (shrouding); Section 6.6 (relocation) Section 8.0 Page 32 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

30 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Ministerial Document Statement No. 800 Condition No vi Requirement Performance Standards against which achievement of the objectives of this condition can be determined Section Reference in this Plan Section 9.0 EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178 Statement No vi 16.4.vii Management Triggers Sections and EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178 Statement No. 800 Statement No. 800 Statement No. 800 Statement No. 800 EPBC Refs: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178 EPBC Refs: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178 EPBC Refs: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178 EPBC Refs: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178 EPBC Refs: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178 EPBC Refs: 2003/1294 and 2008/ vii 16.4.viii Requirements to comply with the Proponent s obligations under the North West Shelf Flatback Turtle Intervention Program, such as the establishment of hatcheries as agreed by the Proponent and the Minister from time to time 16.5 [Chevron will] annually audit and review the effectiveness of lighting design features, management measures and operating controls and if reasonably practicable, propose and implement improvements to any of those lighting design features, management measures or operating controls in accordance with Condition 36 Section Section The Proponent shall implement the Plan Section The Proponent shall report any detected mortality of any marine fauna declared under section 14 (2)(ba) of the Wildlife Conservation Act 1950 (WA) to the DEC (now Department of Parks and Wildlife [Parks and Wildlife]) within 48 hours of observation A description of the EPBC listed species and their habitat likely to be impacted by the components of the action, which are the subject of that plan An assessment of the risk to these species from the components of the action the subject of that plan, relevant to that plan Details of the management measures proposed in relation to these species if it is a requirement of the condition requiring that plan Details of monitoring proposed for that species if it is a requirement of the condition requiring that plan Performance standards in relation to that species if it is a requirement of the condition requiring that plan Management triggers in relation to that species if it is a requirement of the condition requiring that plan Section Section Section 4.0 Section 5.1 Section 7.0 Section 9.0 Sections and Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 33 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

31 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Ministerial Document EPBC Refs: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178 EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178 EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178 EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178 EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178 EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178 EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178 EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178 Condition No. Requirement Protocols for reporting impacts on the species to the Department 12.4.i 12.4.iii 12.4.v 12.4.viii Report the baseline information on the population of marine turtles that utilise the beaches on the east coast of Barrow Island adjacent to the east coast facilities identified in Conditions 5.2 or 11.3 Identify the significant action related stressors with the potential to cause adverse impact on marine turtles Define the scope of studies aimed at understanding the ecology of marine turtles that utilise the east coast beaches and waters where there are actionrelated stressors to marine turtles and studies aimed at understanding links between stressors and marine turtle behaviour to improve the management of impacts Requirements to comply with the obligations of the person taking the action under the North West Shelf Flatback Turtle Intervention Program, such as the establishment of hatcheries as agreed between the person taking action and the Western Australian Minister 12.5 [Chevron will] annually audit and review the effectiveness of lighting design features, management measures and operating controls and if reasonably practicable, propose and implement improvements to any of those lighting design features, management measures or operating controls in accordance with Condition The person taking the action must implement the Plan 12.7 If the Minister believes after consideration of the results of monitoring programs under this Plan, and any other information he or she believes to be relevant, that significant adverse effects (attributable to the action) are occurring, he or she may request that the person taking the action undertake contingency measures as he or she directs in accordance with Condition 26 Section Reference in this Plan Section 10.4 Sections 3.0 and 7.0 (Table 7-1 to Table 7-6) Section 4.0 Section 8.0 Section Section 6.0 Section Section Any matter specified in this Plan is relevant to the Gorgon Gas Development or Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline only if that matter relates to the specific activities or facilities associated with that particular development. The sections in this Plan which are noted in the above table to meet the conditions of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178 shall be read and interpreted as only requiring implementation under EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178 for managing the impacts of the Gorgon Gas Development on, or protecting the EPBC Act listed matters relevant to this Page 34 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

32 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Plan. The implementation of matters required only to meet the requirements of Statement No. 800 are not the subject of the EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/ Hierarchy of Documentation This Plan will be implemented for the Gorgon Gas Development and the Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline via the Chevron Australasia Business Unit (ABU) Operational Excellence Management System (OEMS). The OEMS is the standardised approach that applies across the ABU in order to continuously improve the management of safety, health, environment, reliability and efficiency to achieve world-class performance. Implementation of the OEMS enables the Chevron ABU to integrate its Operational Excellence (OE) objectives, processes, procedures, values, and behaviours into the operations of Chevron Australia personnel and contractors working under Chevron Australia s supervision. The OEMS is designed to be consistent with and, in some respects, go beyond ISO (Environmental Management Systems Requirements with Guidance for Use) (Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand 2004a). Figure 1-3 provides an overview of the hierarchy of environmental management documentation within which this Plan exists. Further details on environmental documentation for the Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline are provided in Section 10.2 of this Plan. Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 35 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

33 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Revision: 1, Amendment 2 Figure 1-3 Hierarchy of Gorgon Gas Development Environmental Documentation Note: The above figure refers to all Plans required for Ministerial Statement No The Plans are only relevant to EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178, if required for those Conditions of those approvals. Page 36 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

34 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: International Conventions, Legislation, and Management Plans The following international conventions, legislation and management plans have been taken into account in the development of this Plan International Conventions International conventions to which Australia is signatory, and which specifically acknowledge the conservation value and protection of marine turtle populations include, but are not limited to: United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982 Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals 1979 (commonly known as the Bonn Convention) Convention for International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships 1973, as modified by its Protocol of 1978 (commonly known as MARPOL 73/78) Protocol to the International Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Waste and Other Matter 1972 (commonly known as the London Dumping Convention) International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response and Co-operation 1990 Indian Ocean South-East Asian Marine Turtle Memorandum of Understanding (IOSEA MOU) Commonwealth and State Legislation and Management Plans Western Australian Wildlife Conservation Act 1950 Commonwealth Environment Protection Biodiversity and Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act) Recovery Plan for Marine Turtles in Australia (Environment Australia 2003) Management Plan for the Montebello/Barrow Islands Marine Conservation Reserves (Department of Environment and Conservation [DEC] 2007) Western Australian State Government Marine Turtle Recovery Plan (draft) Western Australian Barrow Island Act Adaptive Management Structure of this Plan The Plan has been designed within an adaptive management framework, outlined in Figure 1-4. Baseline studies have informed engineering design features where possible. Design features of the Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline are implemented and construction or operations activities are verified through an internal compliance process of checks against design bases and contractor Impact Mitigation Strategies (IMSs) and Environmental Management Plan (EMPs) (during Construction Period) or Basis of Designs (during Operations phase). Outputs are identified via annual and five-yearly Environmental Performance Reports. Changes deemed to be required, identified either through the performance reporting process, the ecological monitoring management trigger process, or the incident response process, can be implemented within an adaptive management context. Changes to the Plan are managed via the State or Commonwealth approvals process, and feed back into the management or monitoring programs of this Plan. The relationship of this Plan to, and interaction with, other Ministerial Deliverables required under Statement No. 800 during the construction and operations phases of the Gorgon Gas Development is illustrated in Figure 1-5 and Figure 1-6. The beaches adjacent to Town Point, which act as important habitat for nesting Flatback Turtles, are being monitored as required under Condition 25 of Statement No. 800, and EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178 in the Coastal Stability Management and Monitoring Plan. Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 37 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

35 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Chevron Australia will review this Plan every five years and submit the Plan to the Minister to review as required under Condition 5.3 of Statement No. 800, and Condition 4.2 EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178. Changes that are deemed practicable can be adopted back into a design feature of the Gorgon Gas Development or during further implementation phases following compliance audits. Monitoring for impacts on marine turtles uses information gained from baseline studies to diagnose potential proposal-related impacts. Adoption of any changes informed from the monitoring program can be made to this Plan in consultation with the MTEP, Parks and Wildlife (formerly DEC) and DotE (formerly SEWPaC) under Condition 16.2 of Statement No. 800, and Condition 12.2 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178. Where reasonably practicable, the process for adaptive management will aim to implement improvements to the lighting design features, management measures or operating controls, or to the monitoring program. Page 38 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

36 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Figure 1-4 Integrated Framework within which the has been Designed Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 39 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

37 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Figure 1-5 Context of the during the Gorgon Gas Development Construction Period Page 40 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

38 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Figure 1-6 Context of the during the Gorgon Gas Development Operations Phase Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 41 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

39 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Stakeholder Consultation Consultation with stakeholders has been undertaken by Chevron Australia on a regular basis throughout the development of environmental impact assessment management documentation for the Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline. This has included engagement with the community, government departments, industry operators and contractors to Chevron Australia via planning workshops, risk assessments, meetings, teleconferences, and the PER and EIS/ERMP formal approval processes. Subject matter experts, other than those on the Marine Turtle Expert Panel (MTEP), who contributed directly or indirectly to the development of this Plan include: Dr Catherine Bell and Dr Jessica Oates, Pendoley Environmental Pty Ltd: Barrow Island marine turtle biologists and contributing authors to this Plan Dr M Chaloupka, Ecological Modelling Services Pty Ltd: Tagging and track census population modelling, control charts, identification of statistically sound measurable limits and trigger values for the Gorgon Gas Development Dr M Coyne, Seaturtle.org website manager and STAT computer model programmer (North Carolina, USA): Satellite tracking data analysis Dr T Tucker, Mote Marine Laboratory (Florida, USA): Light studies Dr N Pilcher, Marine Research Foundation (Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia): Literature review, nest success, sediment studies and management plan peer review Dr Dena Dickerson and Dr Doug Clarke (US Army Corp of Engineers): dredge impacts. Condition 16.2 of Ministerial Statement No. 800 requires that: The Proponent shall consult with MTEP, DEC and DEWHA in the preparation and future updating of the Plan Condition 12.2 of EPBC Reference: 2003:1294 and 2008/4178 requires that: The person taking the action must consult with MTEP, DEC and DEWHA in the preparation and future updating of the Plan This document has been prepared with input from: The former Western Australian Department of Environment and Conservation (DEC: now Parks and Wildlife): Risk Assessment workshops involving DEC (as observers) and Chevron Australia personnel to identify the hazards and assess risk to marine turtles The former Commonwealth Department of Water, Heritage and the Arts (DEWHA; now DotE) Marine Turtle Expert Panel (MTEP). The Plan, including subsequent revisions, have been reviewed by the MTEP, Parks and Wildlife and DotE prior to submission to the Minister for approval. These stakeholders will also be consulted when the Plan is updated. The process for development, review and approval of this Plan is shown in Figure 1-7. In relation to the MTEP consultation associated with the development and revision of this Plan, the MTEP has only reviewed the content of this Plan and other EMPs that require MTEP consultation under State and Commonwealth Ministerial Conditions. These other EMPs are the Dredging and Spoil Disposal Management and Monitoring Plan (as required by Condition 20 of Statement No. 800, and Condition 14 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178) and the Coastal Stability Management and Monitoring Plan (as required by Condition 25 of Statement No. 800 and Condition 18 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178). Page 42 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

40 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: 1.6 Marine Turtle Expert Panel Condition 15 of Statement No. 800 requires the Proponent (Chevron Australia Pty Ltd) to establish a Marine Turtle Expert Panel (MTEP) to provide advice to the Minister for Environment (the Minister) and to Chevron Australia on matters relating to Marine Turtle Monitoring and Management for the Gorgon Gas Development. Commonwealth Ministerial approval made under Section 133 of the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cth) (EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178) requires the MTEP be consulted in relation to various conditions of that approval. The MTEP Terms of Reference have been prepared in accordance with Condition 15.4 of Statement No. 800 issued by the Minister pursuant to the Environmental Protection Act 1986 (WA). The MTEP provides advice to assist the Proponent with the successful planning and execution of the Gorgon Gas Development s construction and operational activities and associated marine turtle management requirements. In accordance with Condition 15.2 of Statement No. 800, and other conditions of that approval, the MTEP provided advice to the Minister and Chevron Australia on marine turtle monitoring and management including: the development and implementation of the (this Plan) as required by Condition 16.1 the proposal-specific marine turtle studies as required by Condition 16.4 the monitoring program design and methodology as required by Condition 16.4 the additional management measures as required by Condition 16.4 any other marine turtle management matters as requested by the Proponent or the Minister. The MTEP has also been consulted on, and provided advice with regard to, the: as required by Condition 12 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178 Marine Facilities Construction Environmental Management Plan as required by Condition 17 of Statement No. 800 and Condition 13 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178 Dredging and Spoil Disposal Management and Monitoring Plan as required by Condition 20 of Statement No. 800, and Condition 14 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178. Coastal Stability Management and Monitoring Plan as required by Condition 25 of Statement No. 800 and Condition 18 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178. Chevron Australia will provide updates on the outcomes of audits of the LTMTMP and reviews on the effectiveness of lighting (including lighting compliance and implementation of management measures or operating controls) when completed to the MTEP. Full reporting, including reporting on annual audits and reviews of the effectiveness of lighting design features, management measures and operating controls, can be made available under Condition 4 of Statement No. 800 (Compliance Reporting, including non-compliances) and Condition 5.1 of Statement No. 800 and Statement No. 769, and Condition 4 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178 (Environmental Performance Reporting, which includes reportable incidents involving harm to marine turtles). Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 43 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

41 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Public Availability This Plan will be made public as and when determined by the Minister, under Condition 35 of Statement No. 800, Condition 20 of Statement No. 769, and Condition 22 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178. Page 44 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

42 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Revision: 1, Amendment 3 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Figure 1-7 Deliverable Development, Review and Approval Flow Chart Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Public Page 45 Uncontrolled when Printed

43 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Relevant Facilities and Activities The potential sources of impact on marine turtles and the aspects of the Gorgon Gas Development from which these stressors may potentially arise, are listed below. These stressors form the basis for the Hazard Identification (HAZID) and Ecological Risk Assessment (see Section 4.0). The main components of the proposed Gorgon Gas Development are: gas field wells and subsea installation Feed Gas Pipeline from the gas fields to the gas processing facility on Barrow Island, including shore crossing Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) gas processing facility on the east coast of Barrow Island (including LNG trains, Domestic Gas and condensate facilities) Materials Offloading Facility (MOF) and LNG jetty on the east coast of Barrow Island construction village and associated facilities (e.g. Causeway Construction Support Units (CCSUs) Domestic Gas Pipeline from the east coast of Barrow Island to the mainland other associated infrastructure such as upgrades to the airport, roads, and other utilities (WAPET landing, seawater intake and discharge of brine via ocean outfall). The components that are relevant to this Plan are: Feed Gas Pipeline from the gas fields to the gas processing facility on Barrow Island, including shore crossing HDD gas processing facility on the east coast of Barrow Island (including LNG trains, Domestic Gas and condensate facilities) Materials Offloading Facility (MOF) and LNG jetty on the east coast of Barrow Island construction village and associated facilities other associated infrastructure: WAPET landing, seawater intake and discharge of brine via ocean outfall, CCSUs. The Key Project Characteristics addressed by this Plan are listed according to their timing (e.g. construction and operations) and spatial location (e.g. onshore and offshore) in the following sections. These are the sources of potential stressors used to conduct the HAZID and Ecological Risk Assessment, which provide foundation for the specific Impact Mitigation Strategies (IMSs) (see Section 5.0). The IMSs also reflect industry experience in managing these aspects on similar projects elsewhere. 2.1 Onshore Construction Infrastructure and Activities East coast onshore construction infrastructure and activities associated with the Gorgon Gas Development as per terrestrial facilities (Statement No. 800, Condition 6.3) and relevant to the scope of this Plan include: Gas Treatment Plant, including the plant infrastructure and the flares WAPET barge landing upgrade and usage CO 2 injection system associated terrestrial infrastructure (e.g. construction village, administration, utilities, road, airport modifications, and other miscellaneous support facilities) Page 46 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

44 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: construction and installation of the Onshore Feed Gas Pipeline System from the HDD site on Barrow Island to the Gas Treatment Plant areas impacted for seismic data acquisition. West coast onshore construction infrastructure and activities include: HDD activity at North Whites Beach construction and installation of the Onshore Feed Gas Pipeline System from the HDD site on Barrow Island to the Gas Treatment Plant. 2.2 Offshore Construction Infrastructure and Activities East coast offshore construction infrastructure and activities associated with the Gorgon Gas Development and relevant to the scope of this Plan include: reverse osmosis (RO) plant seawater intakes for water supply on Barrow Island ocean discharge of RO brine MOF (potential blasting at berthing pocket) and LNG jetty Causeway Construction Support Units dredging and dredge spoil disposal Domestic Gas Pipeline installation in waters surrounding Barrow Island CO 2 seismic program (offshore receivers and airgun activity). The last activity required by Statement No. 800 has not been covered under the Plan on the justification that there was no impact to turtles, and furthermore has not been considered by the MTEP because the MTEP had not been formed when the activity commenced; this activity has since been completed. The MTEP will be made aware of the DomGas pipeline construction as it proceeds. West coast offshore construction infrastructure and activities associated with the Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline in waters surrounding Barrow Island include: seawater intake at the HDD site for water production for construction activities Feed Gas pipe-pull activity Feed Gas Pipeline System construction, installation and commissioning (including Feed Gas Pipeline, utility lines and umbilicals) from the offshore gas fields to the HDD site at North Whites Beach on Barrow Island. 2.3 Onshore Operations Onshore operations associated with the Gorgon Gas Development remain focused on the east coast and include: Gas Treatment Plant operation, inspection and maintenance MOF (including jetty and loading facilities) associated terrestrial infrastructure (e.g. accommodation village, Administration and Operations complex, Operations Workforce Accommodation, utilities area and corridors, road, airport modification, water supply). areas impacted for seismic data acquisition Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 47 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

45 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX WAPET Landing 2.4 Offshore Operations Offshore operations associated with the Gorgon Gas Development remain focused on the east coast and include condensate and LNG loading maintenance dredging of the access channels and berths for the marine load-out facilities physical presence and operation, inspection and maintenance of the MOF and LNG jetty supply boat and barge use of the MOF ocean discharge of RO brine operation, inspection and maintenance of the DomGas pipeline in waters surrounding Barrow Island. Page 48 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

46 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: 3.0 Barrow Island Marine Turtle Baseline Information This section reports on the baseline information on the population of marine turtles that utilise the beaches on the east coast of Barrow Island adjacent to the east coast facilities identified in Conditions 6.3 and 14.3 of Statement No. 800, and under Conditions 5.2 and 11.3 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/ Reports and Project Information Investigations into the ecology and biology of marine turtles nesting at Barrow Island have been conducted since 1985 (Green Turtles on the west coast) and 1998 (Flatback Turtles on the east coast). Since 2005/2006, the findings of Flatback Turtle studies have provided baseline data and supporting documentation for this Plan. Appendix 1 contains a list of reference documents associated with these investigations. 3.2 Background Ecology and Biology Species Within the North West Shelf Region Marine turtle species found in the North West Shelf region include: Green Turtles (Chelonia mydas) Flatback Turtles (Natator depressus) Loggerhead Turtles (Caretta caretta) Hawksbill Turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata) Olive Ridley Turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea) Leatherback Turtles (Dermochelys coriacea). Leatherback Turtles have the widest global distribution but occur at low densities in Western Australian waters. Scattered nesting is recorded throughout the Northern Territory (Chatto and Baker 2008). Green Turtles have a circumglobal distribution and breed extensively in northwestern Australia (Prince 1994). Hawksbill Turtles also have a circumglobal distribution and the North West Shelf region of Western Australia contains important breeding beaches for this species in the Indo-Pacific region (Limpus 2002). Flatback Turtles are endemic to the continental shelf of Australia. The current known southern extent of their range in Western Australia is the Exmouth Gulf (DEC Marine Turtle Tagging Database, B. Prince DEC pers. comm.) The Loggerhead Turtle has a more temperate distribution; the Dampier Archipelago (Figure 1-2) is the current known northern limit of nesting in Western Australia. Olive Ridley Turtles occur in north-west Western Australian waters and low-density nesting has been confirmed on the islands of the Kimberley region (Limpus 2002). The conservation status of marine turtles known to occur in the North West Shelf region of Australia is summarised in Table 3-1. Marine turtles are protected under the Wildlife Conservation Act 1950 (WA) and all six species in Western Australian waters are listed as Schedule 1 species: fauna that is rare or is likely to become extinct. All species are listed migratory species under the Bonn Convention and are listed as either Endangered or Vulnerable under the Commonwealth EPBC Act. Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 49 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

47 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Table 3-1 Conservation Status of Marine Turtles in North West Region of Australia Marine Turtle Common Name Marine Turtle Scientific Name National List of Threatened Species (EPBC Act) CONSERVATION STATUS IUCN Red List IOSEA Marine turtles MOU Bonn Convention (Convention on Migratory Species) Wildlife Conservation Act (WA) Loggerhead Green Hawksbill Leatherback Olive Ridley Flatback Caretta caretta Chelonia mydas Eretmochelys imbricata Dermochelys coriacea Lepidochelys olivacea Natator depressus Endangered Endangered Listed Priority for Conservation Vulnerable Endangered Listed Priority for Conservation Vulnerable Endangered Critically Endangered Critically Endangered Listed Listed Priority for Conservation Priority for Conservation Endangered Vulnerable Listed Priority for Conservation Vulnerable Data Deficient Listed Priority for Conservation Schedule 1* Schedule 1* Schedule 1* Schedule 1* Schedule 1* Schedule 1* * Rare or likely to become extinct Marine Turtle Life Cycle Of the six species, three marine turtles are commonly found to nest on Barrow Island. Habitat use by the three species of marine turtles found at Barrow Island varies according to the species, and in particular, their ontogenetic life stage (Figure 3-1). Each life stage may be exposed to various anthropogenic stressors which may have a positive or negative influence on the various life stage (Figure 3-1). The marine turtle (Cheloniidae) life cycle has four main life stages based on ontogenetic patterns in habitat utilisation (Figure 3-1). Following a 6- to 13-week incubation period (Miller 1996), hatchling turtles normally emerge from the nest at night, leave their natal beaches and migrate to deepwater pelagic nursery habitats. The precise duration of this period is not known but is estimated between 5 and 20 years in most species. Green Turtles are known to recruit to neritic zones at 30 to 40 cm straight-line carapace length (SCL), and Hawksbill Turtles at very small sizes of 20 to 25 cm SCL or even as hatchlings (Musick and Limpus 1996). Less is known about juvenile Flatback Turtles, but it is believed they develop in shallow coastal waters without leaving the Australian continental shelf (Walker and Parmenter 1990; Musick and Limpus 1996). Juvenile turtles then remain in neritic foraging grounds until they attain sexual maturity. As mature adults, marine turtles migrate to their natal rookery to begin their reproductive cycle (Buskirk and Crowder 1994; Hays 2000; Hirth 1997; Miller 1996). Page 50 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

48 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Source: Chaloupka (2009) Figure 3-1 Flatback Turtle Life Cycle and Major Anthropogenic Hazards Note: Plus/minus symbols refer to positive and negative effects of various stressors on each life stage As mature animals in breeding condition, all species of marine turtle embark on a reproductive migration to their natal area, most commonly at intervals of two to five years for Green, Loggerhead, Hawksbill (Miller 1996; Hamann et al. 2002) and Flatback Turtles (Pendoley Environmental 2008a, 2008b; Limpus 2009). Flatback Turtles do not have a known oceanic migration phase as hatchlings, instead developing in shallow coastal waters (Musick and Limpus 1996). There is evidence that some Flatback Turtles engage in long-distance migrations between feeding grounds and nesting beaches (Parmenter 1994). This has been confirmed by recent satellite tracking programs in Western Australia, which have shown Flatback Turtles migrate to foraging grounds 50 to 1500 km from their nesting beaches (Pendoley 2006). When reproductively active, males and females migrate to mating grounds typically offshore from the nesting beach. Mating may also occur along migratory corridors en route to the natal area. Following mating, male turtles often return to foraging areas, while females remain at the nesting area for egg laying (Limpus 1993, 2009). Marine turtles are oviparous, laying multiple clutches in each season. Between nesting events, the females move to internesting areas offshore while they form the next clutch of eggs (approximately two weeks). This period is termed the internesting period. In most species, internesting grounds are located close to shore; in some, they have been found to be pelagic (Blumenthal et al. 2006). Females typically lay one to ten clutches of eggs over a two- to three-month time frame (see review by Hamann et al. 2002; Limpus 2009). After laying the last clutch of eggs, the females return to their foraging grounds to prepare for their next breeding migration, typically after an interval of two to five years (remigration interval). Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 51 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

49 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Marine turtles do not reproduce every year. Remigration interval, or the frequency at which marine turtles return to the nesting ground to reproduce, is important when estimating the proportion of a population potentially present at the natal area in any one year, and that may potentially be exposed to Gorgon Gas Development-related activities during the reproductive season Reproductive Populations Of the six marine turtle species documented in Australia, only Green, Flatback and, to a lesser extent, Hawksbill Turtles are commonly found nesting at Barrow Island. The location of Barrow, Rosemary and Varanus Islands is illustrated in Figure 3-2. The following is a summary of the current baseline knowledge regarding adult reproductive populations of each marine turtle species utilising Barrow Island beaches for nesting Hawksbill Turtles The Western Australian population of Hawksbill Turtles represents a genetically distinct management unit or stock (Broderick et al. 1994). The Western Australian stock is centred around the Dampier Archipelago (Limpus 2002). The estimated size of the Hawksbill Turtle reproductive population at Barrow Island is 100 per year, 1000 in the Lowendal Islands, and 1300 in the Montebello Islands (Pendoley 2005a). Hawksbill Turtle nesting on Barrow Island occurs on many beaches (Figure 3-3), including east coast beaches adjacent to the facilities, particularly small, shallow beaches typically characterised by coarse-grained sand or coral grit interspersed with rocks and beach wrack (Pendoley 2005a) Green Turtles Track counts estimate that the total size of the Green Turtle reproductive population at Barrow Island is about females, with a similar number of nesting females in the Montebello Group (Pendoley 2005a). This rookery is of regional significance (Prince 1994), and potentially of significance to the Western Australian stock, although less substantial than the Lacepede Island rookery where nightly nesting effort can number in the thousands. Green Turtles favour the west and north-east coasts of Barrow Island characterised by high-energy beaches with a steeply sloped, sandy and unobstructed foreshore approach (Pendoley 2005a). Of interest, substantial aggregations of courting male and female turtles occur along the west coast beaches of Barrow Island, where these turtles are known to nest (Pendoley 2005a). This behaviour is in contrast to unpublished data from the southern Great Barrier Reef (GBR) for Green Turtles, which indicate that the majority of courtship adjacent to a rookery beach is for females that do not nest on that beach courtship can occur at distance of up to 200 km from the rookery where the turtle comes ashore for nesting (C Limpus, pers. comm.) Flatback Turtles Four genetically distinct stocks have been identified for the Australian Flatback Turtle: Eastern Australia, Gulf of Carpentaria (including Torres Strait), Western Northern Territory, and Western Australia (Dutton et al. 2002). Within the Western Australian genetic stock, the breeding range of the North West Shelf genetic stock ranges from Exmouth to the Lacepede Islands, with significant rookeries focused on Barrow Island, Mundabullangana, Montebello Island Group, Thevenard Island, Varanus Island, the Dampier Archipelago and the Kimberley region (Limpus 2009). However, limited analysis of DNA material from offshore Kimberley sites and Barrow Island has found that Barrow Island turtles are genetically similar to other Pilbara sites, but are different to the Kimberley sites (N Fitzsimmons, pers. comm. June 2008). This distinction remains to be confirmed. The North West Shelf Flatback Turtle Population refers to the Flatback Turtles of the summer breeding North West Shelf Management Unit that nest along the Pilbara and south-west Kimberley coasts (including Barrow Island and Mundabullangana). This population is distinct from the winter nesting rookeries of the Bonaparte Gulf (Cape Domett). It is unknown where the northern boundary of the North West Shelf Management Unit is located. Turtles of the North Page 52 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

50 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: West Shelf Management Unit also use feeding grounds ranging from at least Exmouth Gulf in the southern Pilbara to Melville Island in the Northern Territory. Inclusion of a rookery in the North West Shelf Management Unit is based on limited genetic analysis, or known summer breeding activity (Limpus 2009). Barrow Island represents between 16% and 24% of the total female population for the North West Shelf Management Unit (DEC 2009). Following five years of track count surveys, implemented as a measure of reproductive activity (i.e. proxy for number of clutches laid), the total size of the Barrow Island female reproductive population was estimated at 3900 turtles, with a further 3000 turtles believed to be using the Lowendal and Montebello Island beaches (Pendoley 2005a). More recently, an annual mean of 1397 nesting Flatback Turtles have been estimated from tagging exercises at Barrow Island using capture mark recapture techniques (n=4 years) (Pendoley Environmental 2009). The size of the Barrow Island rookery is comparable to the large mainland rookery at Mundabullangana where tagging estimates that approximately 1700 nesting females use the rookery annually (n=10 years) (Pendoley et al. in press). Both the Barrow Island and Mundabullangana rookeries may be smaller than the rookery at Cape Domett in far northwestern Australia, where track count data suggests an estimated 3250 nesting females per year (Whiting et al. 2008); Cape Domett is one of the largest known breeding aggregations for this species worldwide. The difference in the track census methods used to measure abundance at Cape Domett are not directly comparable to capture mark recapture techniques used for Barrow Island and Mundabullangana. Flatback Turtle nesting is concentrated on the east coast of Barrow Island (Figure 3-5) on deep, sandy, low-sloped beaches with wide, shallow intertidal zones (Pendoley 2005a). Limited nesting has been recorded on the south-west, north, and north-east coasts (Pendoley Environmental 2009). Almost 30% of Flatback Turtle tracks occur on beaches either side of Town Point where the causeway will be developed. The highest average number of tracks per night occurs on Mushroom Beach, approximately 2 km from Town Point. Life stages potentially at risk from the Gorgon Gas Development include: reproductively active male and female turtles, including internesting female turtles nesting turtles, eggs and hatchlings resident foraging juvenile and adult Green and Flatback Turtles (year round) hatchlings dispersing out to sea from the nesting beaches resident post-hatchling and juvenile Flatback Turtles in their nursery habitat surrounding Barrow Island (year round). Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 53 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

51 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Figure 3-2 Location of Barrow, Varanus (part of the Lowendal Islands group) and Rosemary Islands Page 54 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

52 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Figure 3-3 Known Hawksbill Turtle Nesting Beaches on Barrow Island Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 55 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

53 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Figure 3-4 Known Green Turtle Nesting Beaches on Barrow Island Page 56 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

54 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Figure 3-5 Known Flatback Turtle Nesting Beaches on Barrow Island Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 57 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

55 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Barrow Island Marine Turtle Breeding Cycle Calendar During the Barrow Island track census program, Pendoley Environmental (2008d) collected broadscale data on marine turtle reproductive activity within the confines of the research time allotted. These data provide an overview of the abundance and temporal distribution of nesting for each species and specific data about: monthly nesting track counts to provide data regarding the initiation, peak and cessation of nesting activity on 14 census beaches snapshot track census counts to provide data on nesting activity over a broader area; includes beaches not routinely surveyed as part of the census program monthly counts of newly deposited nests made during the track census program and later in the summer. This information has been used to develop the Barrow Island marine turtle breeding cycle calendar (Table 3-2). This information can be used as a spatio-temporal framework within which to consider the interaction of marine turtles at Barrow Island with Gorgon Gas Development construction and operational activities. Page 58 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

56 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Table 3-2 Proposed Marine Construction Activities and Barrow Island Marine Turtle Breeding Cycle Calendar Project Activity (dates indicative only)* Site access Sept 2009 CO 2 seismic data acquisition Dredging (24-hour operations) MOF and jetty construction HDD Turtle species and activity Foraging residents, all species, all age classes Flatback Turtle mating aggregations (to be confirmed) Flatback Turtle nesting, internesting females present offshore Flatback Turtle hatching **Hawksbill Turtle mating aggregations (to be confirmed) **Hawksbill Turtle nesting, internesting females present offshore **Hawksbill Turtle hatching Green Turtle mating aggregations Green Turtle nesting, internesting females present offshore Green Turtle hatching Notes: *Dates are indicative only **Hawksbill Turtles have the most seasonally diffuse nesting cycle; individuals may nest at any time throughout year Peak period. Presence of animals reliable and predictable each year Shoulder period. Lower level of abundance/activity/presence, year to year variability Out of season period. Very low level of abundance/activity/presence, year to year variability Source: Pendoley Environmental 2008c, 2008d; Pendoley 2005a Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 59 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

57 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Barrow Island Reproductive Populations Hawksbill Turtles Brief, Island-wide snapshot surveys were carried out from 2005 to 2008 to identify broadscale reproductive Hawksbill Turtle activity on Barrow Island (Pendoley Environmental 2008d). These snapshot surveys found that Hawksbill Turtle nesting activity is more spatially and temporally diffuse than Flatback and Green Turtle nesting activity. The highest numbers of Hawksbill Turtle tracks were recorded in the north-east, mid-east, and south-west regions (Figure 3-3). Hawksbill Turtles were not found in the southern region (Pendoley Environmental 2008d). Hawksbill Turtle presence was detected on both the east and west coasts of Barrow Island during the baseline track census survey period ( ), though greater numbers were seen on the east coast (Pendoley Environmental 2008d). Though Hawksbill Turtles have been observed to mate in shallow water near reef systems and their nesting beaches (K Pendoley and A Vitenbergs, pers. obs.), Hawksbill Turtle mating grounds have not been identified for Barrow Island. Neither the internesting grounds, nor the location of Hawksbill Turtle foraging habitat for all age classes have been identified for the Barrow Island region Green Turtles The Green Turtle reproductive population at Barrow Island is estimated at around females (Pendoley 2005a), comprising an important proportion of the North West Shelf genetic stock (Moritz et al. 2002). The North West Shelf population or management unit of Green Turtles is known to be genetically distinct (Dethmers et al. 2006). A preliminary snapshot study of marine turtle reproductive effort across Barrow Island using track census methods found evidence of Green Turtle nesting on most of the Island s sandy beaches. The highest density of tracks was found on west coast beaches, while the least favoured beaches were those in the south and south-east regions of the Island (Pendoley Environmental 2008d). Green Turtles also dominated nesting on north and north-east coast beaches. Track census survey results from west coast beaches (i.e. Tortuga, Flacourt, V, Whites, Ti Tree, Whites N, and Perched see Figure 3-7 for Barrow Island beach names and location) found a mean overnight Green Turtle track density of 9 ± 1 tracks.km -1 (at Perched) to 73 ± 7 tracks.km -1 (at Tortuga). Beaches monitored for Green Turtle nesting density (number of nests.km -1) on the west coast (Tortuga, Flacourt, V, Whites, Ti Tree, North Whites and Perched) demonstrated a density range of 3 ± 1 nests.km -1 (on Perched) to 34 ± 3 nests.km -1 (on Tortuga). Regarding seasonality, the track census program results from 2008 (Pendoley Environmental 2008d) confirmed the findings of 2005 (Pendoley 2005a), concluding Green Turtle nesting on Barrow Island peaks from December to February. Preliminary data regarding the location of Green Turtle mating aggregations identify Green Turtle mating grounds off the west coast of Barrow Island in shallow nearshore waters (Pendoley 2005a). The precise boundary of this mating and associated basking habitat is yet to be delineated. While DEC Green Turtle tagging data for Barrow Island have not yet been analysed, data from Heron Island, Queensland suggest female Green Turtles have a mean remigration interval of 5.78 years (Limpus 2009) and it is believed this may be less for male turtles (Limpus 2009). Consequently, in any single season approximately 17% of the total female breeding population or around 3500 individuals, and an even higher proportion of the male breeding population could potentially be exposed to Gorgon Gas Development activities. Page 60 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

58 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Flatback Turtles Barrow Island Context A total of 3352 individual female Flatback Turtles were tagged while nesting on Barrow Island between 2005/06 and 2008/09 (Pendoley Environmental 2008c, 2009). Saturation tagging of Flatback Turtles at Barrow Island documented 894 (2005/06), 1658 (2006/07), 1607 (2007/2008), and 1427 (2008/2009) females present at Barrow Island beaches in each respective year (Pendoley Environmental 2008c, 2009). At the completion of the fourth survey season (2008/09), 75% of nesting Flatback Turtles were remigrants, having previously been tagged during an earlier season. Calculation of the mean remigration interval (RMI) of each rookery is central to accurately estimating total rookery size and the proportion of this aggregation present at the nesting ground each year. Based on available data (n=3 years), the RMI for Barrow Island Flatback Turtles is <2 (1.7 ± 0.1) years (Pendoley Environmental 2008c). This early estimate is based on a limited dataset, and, while it is recognised that more data (n=5 years) are needed to support this finding, data from Varanus Island gathered over 13 years indicate an RMI of 2.1 years; Eastern Australian Management Unit (defined below, this section) data indicate mean RMIs of 2.7 and 2.2 years for Bundaberg Coast and Peak Island respectively (Limpus 2009); and Field Island in the Northern Territory recorded an RMI of 2.8 years (Schauble et al. 2006). While additional data may lengthen the current estimate, it is possible that up to 50% of the breeding female population could be present at Barrow Island in each year. The study of marine turtle nesting abundance and distribution conducted across Barrow Island from 1998 to 2008 found the greatest numbers of Flatback Turtle tracks in the mid-east and south-east regions in December and January, as indicated by daytime track surveys (Pendoley Environmental, 2008d) and nocturnal tagging data (Pendoley Environmental 2009a). Proportionally fewer tracks were found on north-east and northern beaches; there was no evidence of Flatback Turtles found in the south and south-west regions of Barrow Island at any time of year (Pendoley Environmental 2008d). The track census program, conducted between 2003/04 and 2007/08, recorded track and nest densities per kilometre (km -1 ) on Mushroom, Bivalve, Terminal, Yacht Club North (YCN), Yacht Club South (YCS) and A07 beaches (Figure 3-6; see Figure 3-7 for Barrow Island beach names and locations). Mean overnight track density (tracks.km -1 ) was 6.3 ± 1 tracks.km -1 (on A07) to 22 ± 5 tracks.km -1 (on Mushroom). The highest numbers of clutches were laid on Bivalve, Mushroom, YCN, YCS, Terminal and A07 with a mean density of 2.4 ± 0.5 nests.km -1 (on A07) to 5.7 ± 1 nests.km -1 (on Bivalve). This survey confirmed the earlier conclusions of Pendoley (2005) who identified December and January as the peak Flatback Turtle nesting period. The location of mating, post-hatching and juvenile foraging grounds for Flatback Turtles nesting at Barrow Island are not known. Some female foraging habitat has been identified via satellite telemetry and is described below Regional Context Foraging grounds for Flatback Turtles that nest at Barrow Island have been elucidated by satellite tracking and flipper tagging. This indicates that feeding grounds range from at least Exmouth Gulf (in the southern Pilbara) to the Kimberley, and possibly into Northern Territory waters (Pendoley Environmental 2008e). Studies (whether these are focused as research or monitoring studies) on Flatback Turtles using Barrow Island (Section 8.0) need to be placed into a regional context, particularly as animals may be influenced by stressors from locations away from Barrow Island. Such regional studies would be of benefit if they form part of a proposed North West Shelf Flatback Turtle Conservation Program. The advantage of regional context is to allow for improved data coordination before commencement of in-field research. A set of agreed standards for data collection can also be established so that data collected over time is compatible and accessible. Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 61 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

59 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX When considering the effects that the Gorgon Gas Development may have on turtles, it is desirable to understand and consider the regional effects, including those from other projects in the region. By establishing another site in the region for monitoring, the full effects of the Gorgon Gas Development on the Flatback Turtles at Barrow Island can be understood. Mundabullangana (a private station on the mainland, approximately 200 km north-east of Barrow Island) is the preferred monitoring site for comparison to Barrow Island as it already has an established long-term tagging dataset (Pendoley et al. in press), and, logistically, this site is relatively practicable to access and work on. Page 62 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

60 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Figure 3-6 Flatback Turtle Track Census (mean/km/night) for Barrow Island to Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 63 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

61 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Barrow Island Internesting Habitat Internesting habitat for Green and Flatback Turtles at Barrow Island has been inferred from satellite tracking data (Pendoley Environmental 2008e; Pendoley 2005a) and information gained from recent marine benthic habitat surveys (summarised in Section 3.11). Data for eight Green Turtles, tagged on John Wayne Beach on the west coast of Barrow Island between 2000/01 and 2003/04 (Figure 3-8), represent strong locations picked up by satellite from platform terminal transmitters (PTT) (referred to as LC 3,2,1, locations). Green Turtles at Barrow Island use internesting habitat that is spread along the north-west, north, and north-east coasts of Barrow Island. A total of 11 Flatback Turtles have been tracked using Global Positioning System (GPS) (error 10 m) tracking technology. Preliminary analyses of six individuals from rookeries on the east coast of Barrow Island between 2007/08 and 2008/09 show that during the internesting period, Flatback Turtles spend time off the east coast of Barrow Island, and also in shallow nearshore waters off the adjacent mainland coast (Figure 3-9). Hawksbill Turtles (n=3 Rosemary Island, n=6 Varanus Island) have not been tracked from Barrow Island; however, data from PTT transmitters from Varanus Island indicate Hawksbill internesting habitat in the north-east off Barrow Island (Note: These transmitters exhibit a large error range compared to location fixes obtained from GPS transmitters). These data are currently being analysed. Page 64 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

62 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Figure 3-7 Barrow Island Beach Names and Locations Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 65 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

63 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Figure 3-8 Green Turtle Internesting Habitat Around Barrow Island Note: Data have been filtered for accuracy and figures present only LC 3,2,1 locations (as per Hays et al. 2001a) (n=8 turtles) Page 66 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

64 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Figure 3-9 Flatback Turtle Internesting Habitat Around Barrow Island Note: Location data for six turtles over two seasons (2007/08 and 2008/09) from Fastloc GPS units accurate to ~10 m Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 67 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

65 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Figure 3-10 Flatback Turtle Internesting Habitat Around Barrow Island Notes: Location data for six turtles over two seasons (2007/08 and 2008/09) from Fastloc GPS units accurate to ~10 m. Page 68 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

66 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: 3.5 Migratory Pathways and Foraging Grounds Data for internesting and post-nesting Green Turtles (Pendoley 2005a) and Flatback Turtles (Pendoley Environmental 2008e) illustrate migratory movements from PTT and GPS satellite telemetry of female turtles leaving nesting grounds at Barrow Island (Green and Flatback Turtle), Mundabullangana (Flatback Turtle), Varanus Island (Hawksbill Turtle) and Rosemary Island (Hawksbill Turtle). [Note: The end points shown in the maps of Figures 3.11 and 3.12 do not necessarily reflect end points of migration]. Flatback Turtles leaving Barrow Island and Mundabullangana Station are confined to the inner continental shelf waters, typically between 30 m and <70 m deep (Pendoley Environmental 2008e). Flatback and Green Turtles follow similar migratory pathways, travelling east from Barrow Island and around, or through, the Dampier Archipelago and along the coast towards foraging habitat to the north (Figure 3-11 and Figure 3-12). The most frequented Flatback Turtle foraging ground revealed by satellite telemetry is located off Quondong Point, north of Broome (Figure 3-11). Satellite data indicate Flatback Turtles moving between multiple geographically distinct foraging grounds along the entire length of the Kimberley coast from Quondong Point to waters north of the Holothuria Banks and extending nearly halfway to Timor Leste. Closer to Barrow Island, Flatback Turtles that nest there were recorded in 30 m of water north of Thevenard Island, in 60 m of water due east of the Montebello Islands, and in 40 m of water off the west coast of Barrow Island. Satellite tracking and bathymetric data were analysed concurrently to investigate water depths traversed by Flatback Turtles leaving nesting and internesting grounds at Barrow Island and Mundabullangana. These analyses indicate that non-breeding Flatback Turtles spend an average of 73.5% (range = 31% to 92%, n=8 animals) of their time in water 25 to 100 m deep. At least one Flatback Turtle remained in water <10 m deep for 68% of the time. There is currently no information regarding benthic habitat composition at these locations though these data indicate these animals are remaining within certain areas, which may indicate foraging grounds. Green Turtles (n=6) nesting at Barrow Island migrate to foraging grounds that extend from Legendre Island in the Dampier Archipelago to waters in the southern Kimberley (Pendoley 2005a) (Figure 3-12). These data show Green Turtles foraging in shallow water <25 m deep, with greater than 25% of time spent in waters <10 m deep. These findings support observational data from Barrow Island that indicate resident Green Turtles graze on algae growing on intertidal rocky platforms along the west coast of Barrow Island. Migration data from tag recovery has found that Green Turtles tagged at Barrow Island have been reported as far south as Kalbarri and as far north as eastern Indonesia, suggesting a wide distribution off the Western Australian coastline (DEC Turtle Tagging Database). The limited number of Hawksbill Turtles (n=7) tracked from nesting sites in the Pilbara region show shorter migration distances overall, relative to Green and Flatback Turtles in the same region, although the Varanus Island Hawksbill Turtles migrated to the same De Grey River/Turtle Island region as Barrow Island Green and Flatback Turtles, in addition to habitat within the coastal island chain due south of Barrow Island. Rosemary Island Hawksbill Turtles also migrated to habitat within the coastal island chain south of Barrow Island. Hawksbill Turtles remained in shallow coastal waters <10 m deep following their departure from the island rookeries. Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 69 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

67 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Figure 3-11 Migration Pathways and End Point/Foraging Grounds for Flatback Turtles Nesting at Barrow Island and Mundabullangana Station (n=6) Figure 3-12 Migration Pathways and End Point/Foraging Grounds for Green Turtles Nesting at Barrow Island (n=6) Page 70 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

68 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: 3.6 Nest Environment The nest environment for a marine turtle is defined as the area below the surface of the sand comprising the egg chamber and the neck of the chamber. Hatchlings emerge from the nest predominantly at night, at which time they are less vulnerable to predation and heat stress (Drake and Spotila 2002; Mrosovsky 1968). Hatchling emergence may occur either as a mass emergence event (Hays et al. 1992) or asynchronously over a period of several days (Koch et al. 2008). It is believed hatchlings exit the nest in response to thermal cues, although the exact mechanisms triggering hatchling activity remain under debate (Glen et al. 2006). Atypical changes in thermal patterns, such as cooling caused by rain, can trigger daytime hatchling emergence, causing disruption to the normal pattern of nocturnal emergence (Gyuris 1993) Hatching and Emergence Success Clutch success in marine turtles is determined by two measures: hatching success and emergence success. Hatching success is defined as the number of hatchlings in a clutch that hatch out of their shell, and emergence success as the number of hatchlings that reach the beach surface (Eckert et al. 1999). A multitude of biological, environmental, and anthropogenic factors can influence both hatching and emergence success. Hatching success may be influenced by predation of eggs in the nest, human disturbance, salinity, horizontal and/or vertical rotation of embryos in eggs at inappropriate developmental stages, thermal, hydric or gaseous conditions within the nest, flooding, erosion, or microbial/fungal invasion. Movement of developing eggs has been shown to cause embryo mortality (Limpus et al. 1979); the scale of movement that affects development has not been identified. Emergence is primarily influenced by predation of hatchlings whilst inside the nest chamber; hatching success is influenced by maggot or root infestation, predation of eggs, nest disturbance by other nesting females, extreme nest temperatures (outside the thermal tolerance range), compactness of the beach sand, and the presence of non-sand particulate matters such as fine-grained dusts (Blamires and Guinea 2003; Limpus et al. 1993; Peters et al. 1994). Barrow Island reproductive data show hatching success falls within the range previously reported for this species in northern Australia (Hewavisenthi and Parmenter 2002a; Limpus et al. 1993). During the 2007/2008 season, a 13% difference between hatching and emergence success was recorded for Flatback Turtles at Barrow Island (hatch success 85%, emergence success 72%; Pendoley Environmental 2008b). In the following season (2008/2009), this difference was 1% (hatch success 73%, emergence success 72%; Pendoley Environmental 2009a), comparable to other studies that have reported a one to five per cent difference (Hewavisenthi and Parmenter 2002a; Limpus et al. 1993). Mean clutch size for Flatback Turtles on Barrow Island (47.7 eggs ± 1.1 SE) is consistent with data from the Northern Territory and the east coast of Australia (Blamires and Guinea 2003; Schauble et al. 2006; Vanderlely 1996). Mean nest chamber depth (2007/2008 and 2008/2009) in Barrow Island nests (Pendoley Environmental 2008b, 2009a) was deeper than that reported elsewhere (Hope and Smit 1998; Limpus et al. 1989; Schauble et al. 2006; Vanderlely 1996). Flatback Turtle hatchlings at Barrow Island emerge over several days (mean: 2.9 days) (Pendoley Environmental 2008b), consistent with the mean recorded by Koch et al. (2007) of 2.7 days for this species in northern Australia. For further detail, see Table 7-5. Often, shallower nests have been found to have a greater proportion of hatchlings dying at the final stages of development than other nests (Pendoley Environmental 2008b). In 2007/2008, a large proportion of clutches at Barrow Island were found with dead hatchlings grouped in the neck of the chamber, a short distance into the dry sand layer where the hatchlings may have encountered extreme temperatures. Shallower nests are warmer than deep nests (Booth and Astill 2001) even on Barrow Island (Pendoley Environmental 2008b) and this, combined with the sudden increase in nest temperature that occurs a few days before emergence (Koch et al. 2007), may generate temperatures outside the thermal tolerance range for Flatback Turtles. The unusually high mortality of hatchlings in the nest, the relationship between nest depth and Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 71 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

69 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX temperatures, and the relationship between nest depth and hatchlings dying in the final stages before emergence, indicate that temperature ranges at Barrow Island may be extreme and could be a key limiting factor for the Flatback population on Barrow Island (Pendoley Environmental 2008b). Predation was recorded on Flatback Turtle clutches at Barrow Island (Pendoley Environmental 2008b, 2009a). Predation by Varanid lizards (Varanus giganteus) and the Golden Bandicoot (Isoodon auratus) is common, though seabirds and crabs have also been identified. In 2008/2009, 27.7% of marked nests were predated. This value is higher than predation rates reported for both the 2006/2007 and 2007/2008 seasons (3.6% and 2.2% respectively) though it is comparable with varanid predation rates reported for other Australian marine turtle rookeries (Hope and Smit 1998; Blamires and Guinea 2003) Coastal Habitat and Beach Physical Characteristics The coast in the vicinity of the MOF is comprised of several extended, almost linear, sandy beaches, separated by short rocky headlands. The headland at Town Point extends approximately 400 m from the beaches. The beaches are perched upon a gently sloping rock shore platform, which extends almost 3 km from the shoreline. Multiple substrate variables (moisture content, temperature, substrate, salinity, organic content, gas diffusion, and particle size) influence nest success (Ackerman 1997; Mortimer 1990). Nest success can be influenced by these characteristics depending on which beach the eggs are deposited due to slight differences between beaches. Baseline studies at Flatback nesting beaches on Barrow Island detail pre-construction substrate parameters. Typical sand characteristics of beach sand are shown in Table 3-3; this information was collected over the summer of (Pendoley Environmental 2008a). The Coastal Stability Management and Monitoring Plan (Condition 25 of Statement No. 800 and Condition 18 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178; Chevron Australia 2009a) provides further and more detailed information on beach profiles and sand characteristics. Table 3-3 Typical Sand Substrate Parameters at Control Sites on Barrow Island (December 2007 February 2008) Parameter Data Interpretation ph Moderately alkaline Grain size mm Medium Total Organic Content 0.06% 0.23% Low Moisture content % Low Note: ph, grain size and total organic content (TOC) were consistent across sample beaches and sample depths Source: Adapted from Pendoley Environmental (2008a) 3.7 Hatchlings On the Beach Post-emergence, sea-finding in marine turtles is directed by several cues (Lohmann et al. 1996; Tuxbury and Salmon 2005), as summarised in Table 3-4. Particularly, orientation and consequently sea-finding ability of hatchlings can be affected by the presence of artificial lighting on beaches (Salmon 2003; Tuxbury and Salmon 2005; Verheijn 1985; Witherington and Martin 1996) and gas flares (Pendoley 2000). Hatchlings integrate light over a broad area and crawl away from a tall dark horizon (dunes) and towards a lower and lighter seaward horizon (Limpus 1971; Mrosovsky and Carr 1967; Salmon et al. 1992; Tuxbury and Salmon 2005; Van Rhijn and Van Gorkom 1983; Witherington 1992). Beach slope is considered to be a secondary Page 72 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

70 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: cue relative to vision (Lohmann et al. 1996; Salmon et al. 1992), and is addressed further in the Coastal Stability Monitoring and Management Plan (Condition 25 of Statement No. 800 and Condition 18 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178; Chevron Australia 2009a). Table 3-4 Summary of Cues used by Marine Turtle Hatchlings during Sea-finding Following Emergence from the Nest Cue Behavioural Observations 1 Beach morphology Vision Light wavelength Light intensity Dune height and profile Light directivity/ dispersion Trapping effect of light Moonlight Clouds Beach morphology includes slope and width. Beach slope is considered to be a secondary cue relative to vision and is not considered a major cue in sea-finding. Hatchlings are known to descend inclines in the absence of visual cues. Beach width determines the distance of the dunes from the ocean and consequently influences hatchling ability to locate the ocean. Hatchlings use visual cues to find the ocean. Short wavelength light is highly attractive to hatchlings. Long wavelength light is less attractive to hatchlings. High intensity light is more attractive than low intensity light. High intensity long wavelength light may be more attractive than low intensity short wavelength light. Dune height is a primary influence on hatchling sea-finding behaviour. Hatchlings integrate light over a broad area and crawl away from tall dark horizons (dunes) toward lower lighter horizons (ocean). Typical dune height on the east coast is 0 to 10 m and on the west coast is 0 to 20 m. Hatchlings integrate light over a broad area (~180 ); they often ignore bright point sources of light unless these are on the low horizon. Broad sky glow is more attractive than a single bright point source of light. Hatchlings that enter a bright pool of light may be trapped within the spill of light and be unable to crawl away from the light spill area. Lunar modulation can influence hatchling orientation. When the moon is full, dark horizons (dunes/cliffs) are more starkly obvious in contrast to illumination from the beach and the ocean. Bright moonlight may also override the effects of artificial lighting by lighting the entire sky. Artificial light reflected off clouds creates a broad area of sky glow that may be attractive to hatchlings. Cloud cover may also decrease the amount of moonlight, reducing dune contrast and inhibiting sea-finding. 1 Observations are cited in text Light impacts hatchling sea-finding behaviour in two ways: disorientation, where hatchlings crawl on circuitous paths; or misorientation, where they move landward, possibly attracted to artificial lights (Witherington and Martin 1996). Flatback nesting beaches at Barrow Island are adjacent to the location of the Gas Treatment Plant. Minimising the potential adverse effects of light from the Gas Treatment Plant on hatchling orientation has been and continues to be an important component of the Plant s design (Chevron Australia 2005). Field studies investigating the effect of unshielded lights, glow, and light elevation on Barrow Island Flatback Turtle hatchlings showed that hatchlings primarily respond to light and silhouette stimuli at eye level, with precedence being given to the silhouette cue (Pendoley Environmental 2007a). They also showed that when relative differences in light intensity are low, hatchlings did not show significant orientation to these light cues (Pendoley 1997). Flatback Turtle hatchling orientation is influenced by the glow from artificial light sources (high pressure sodium vapour, metal halide and fluorescent) when situated low on the horizon (Pendoley Environmental 2007a). When light glow from light sources (except 500 W high pressure sodium Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 73 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

71 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX vapour lights) was tested at beach level, the hatchlings were misoriented away from the most direct line to the ocean, taking a path midway between the light source and the ocean. The greatest orientation disruption (toward a light source) was observed when 1000 W and 1300 W high pressure sodium and metal halide lights were used (Pendoley Environmental 2007a). When the light source was elevated to 12 behind a tall dune, the hatchlings ignored the light cues and responded by moving away from the tall dark horizon created by the dune towards the ocean (Pendoley Environmental 2007a). Evidence of this aversion response to tall dark horizons was also confirmed by field experiments with Flatback Turtle hatchlings (Pendoley Environmental 2007b, 2008d). Trials with the light positioned low on the beach at an elevation of 1 (creek trials) caused hatchling orientation to be more highly directed towards the light source. Fan measurement data collected by Pendoley Environmental (2008d) provide a useful monitoring tool with which to assess the disruption to hatchling orientation caused by artificial lighting. Nest fan measurements of Flatback Turtle hatchlings on dark, unlit beaches at Barrow Island recorded mean offset angles (measure of hatchling orientation relative to the most direct line to the ocean) of 7.2 to 14.2 and spread angles (measure of the degree of scattering of hatchlings emerging from a nest) of 56.4 to 80.5 (Pendoley Environmental 2008d). Pendoley (2005a) showed that onshore light influences hatchling orientation on the beach more than offshore light. The greatest fan and offset angles were recorded for nests exposed to onshore light and the least in nests exposed to no onshore light, regardless of whether offshore light was present. Figure 3-13 Fan Mapping Methodology Source: Pendoley (2005b) Legend: X = most direct route to the ocean A and B = outer edges of the most dense section of the fan C = modal bearing of the fan Studies investigating the effects of different light wavelengths on Flatback Turtle hatchlings found that they select and orient towards short wavelengths over long wavelengths; however, they are often unable to discriminate between closely related colours (i.e. a small wavelength difference) except for green hues (Pendoley 2005a, Pendoley Environmental 2008g). This inability to discriminate between colours could potentially slow the response time of hatchlings, increase their time on the beach, and increase their exposure to survival risks. Flatback Turtle hatchlings displayed a similar aversion behaviour to light in the yellow region of the spectrum (Pendoley Environmental 2008g) as has been reported by Witherington (1992) for Loggerhead Turtle hatchlings. Page 74 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

72 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Vibrations from breaking waves on the shoreline have been proposed as a possible cue used by hatchlings to locate the direction of the ocean while inside the nest. Lohmann (1991) suggested hatchlings might calibrate a magnetic compass using a directional reference, such as sound or vibration, which was available to them inside the nest. Experiments carried out using a generator placed at variable distances from an experimental arena in the sand (Pendoley 2005b) suggested that vibration (from a generator) did not cause significant misorientation in Flatback Turtle hatchlings on Barrow Island (Pendoley Environmental 2007a) Nearshore Zone Hatchlings swimming away from their natal beaches use wave cues to orient in an offshore direction (Salmon and Lohmann 1989). As hatchlings enter the wave zone, they typically swim roughly perpendicular to the wave direction, taking them away from the shoreline. This drive to swim into waves persists even when waves are refracted back from solid structures, drawing them away from the most seaward direction and back onshore (Lohmann and Lohmann 1992). Although it is not believed that visual cues are used at sea (Lohmann et al. 1990), artificial lights have been observed to attract hatchlings offshore and trap them in the light field (O'Hara and Wilcox 1990; Salmon and Wyneken 1987, 1990). The presence of natural waves in nearshore waters assists offshore orientation. Lorne and Salmon (2007) found that regardless of the difficulty or ease with which the sea was located, hatchlings swam offshore upon reaching the shoreline where waves were present. When waves were absent, the ability to swim offshore depended on the hatchlings completing a successful seaward orientation crawl on first attempt; i.e. exhausted misoriented or disoriented hatchlings reaching the shoreline were not able to orient seaward in the absence of wave cues (Lorne and Salmon 2007). It is important to note that hatchlings are active for a limited time and the egg yolk sac only fuels their energy for approximately 24 hours during the swimming frenzy. Therefore, small periods of disorientation can impact on the hatchlings ability to disperse (Hamann et al. 2007) Deepwater Zone Beyond the surf zone, marine turtle hatchling orientation is directed by magnetic orientation (Lohmann 1991, 1993; Lohmann and Lohmann 1996). This biological magnetic compass is hypothesised to be calibrated as the hatchling crawls across the sand to the ocean (Lohmann and Lohmann 1994) or whilst traversing the nearshore wave zone (Lohmann et al. 1996) Nursery Habitat Green and Hawksbill Turtles use multiple juvenile developmental/nursery habitats located away from their natal beach (Musick and Limpus 1996). Little is known about the behaviour of Flatback Turtle hatchlings after they leave their natal beaches. Immediately offshore they exhibit the same frenzied offshore swimming period as other turtle hatchlings, taking them away from shallow water where they are vulnerable to predators. Post-hatchling Flatbacks, unlike other marine turtles, grow to maturity within the continental shelf waters (Musick and Limpus 1996). Limited evidence suggests juvenile Flatback Turtles use the Barrow Island region as a developmental habitat, based on the findings of juvenile carapaces in Osprey or Sea Eagle nests on Barrow Island (K Pendoley, pers. obs.). Adults are carnivorous, feeding on soft-bodied benthic invertebrates (Limpus 2009) and once past the hatchling phase, this species favours soft bottom habitat that supports communities of invertebrates (Bjorndal 1997). Based on what is known about the foraging biology of this species, the intertidal to nearshore zone at Barrow Island may support foraging assemblages of juvenile Flatback Turtles where suitable communities of invertebrates occur. Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 75 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

73 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Resident Populations Prince et al. (2001) identified foraging assemblages of marine turtles at Barrow Island off the east and west coasts via aerial survey; however, these animals could not be assigned to species due to survey methodology. Juvenile foraging and adult Green and Flatback Turtles have been observed from land moving along the shore in the shallow waters off the east and west coasts of Barrow Island. One stranded (dead) juvenile Green Turtle was retrieved from Yacht Club North beach in 2008 (C Bell, pers. comm. 2009). The distribution and abundance of foraging assemblages of marine turtles, including juvenile Flatback or Green Turtles, or Hawksbill Turtles, have not been comprehensively profiled off Barrow Island; however, their preferred habitat at Barrow Island has been identified based on what is known about these species and the Island (Pendoley et al. 2003). Flatback Turtles may use soft sediment habitat found offshore, foraging on a variety of benthic soft-bottomed fauna including sea pen beds (Bjorndal 1997; Limpus 2009). These beds have been mapped in 10 m water depths located in several locations including the proposed Gorgon Gas Development tanker turning basin area off the east coast of Barrow Island coast (J Fitzpatrick, pers. comm. 19 May 2008) and were identified during the marine habitat survey carried out for the EIS/ERMP (Chevron Australia 2005). 3.9 Coastal Waters Between Barrow Island and the Mainland The Domestic Gas Pipeline will pass through the nearshore coastal area of the mainland island chain south-east of Barrow Island, through the Great Sandy and Passage Island groups. The coastline at the mainland shore crossing point is dominated by mangroves and the nearest marine turtle nesting beaches are on the offshore islands (Pendoley et al. 2003). This mangrove habitat is among the habitats favoured by juvenile Green Turtles; post-hatchling Flatback Turtles may potentially occur here also. These waters are used by internesting Flatback Turtles (among other species of marine turtle) from Barrow Island (Pendoley Environmental 2008e), foraging Hawksbill Turtles that nest at Varanus Island and Rosemary Island (Pendoley 2005a; Pendoley et al. 2003), foraging adult and juvenile Green Turtles (Pendoley et al. 2003), and post-hatchling Flatback Turtles (Pendoley et al. 2003) Water Quality and Sediment Quality in Nearshore Habitats of Barrow Island Water quality information has been collected for the waters off the east and west (North Whites beach) coasts of Barrow Island over the period to establish a pre-construction baseline. Background contaminant concentrations detected in samples collected from this area are generally low, although nutrient levels often exceed the Australian and New Zealand Environmental Conservation Council (ANZECC) and Agriculture and Resource Management Council of Australia and New Zealand (ARMCANZ) 2000 default trigger values. Higher turbidity levels and light attenuation coefficients (LAC) indicate that the shallow waters close to Barrow Island are naturally more turbid than deeper offshore waters. Recorded light attenuation coefficients were generally slightly higher in the shallow waters, particularly on the east coast where both higher turbidity and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) readings have been recorded (RPS 2007). Hydrocarbons, BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene), oils and grease, phenol and organotin concentrations detected in samples collected from this area were below the laboratory reporting limits at the majority of sampling sites (RPS 2007). Where levels were not below the laboratory reporting limits (some HDD locations, some Jetty locations), the levels were at the ANZECC/ARMCANZ (2000) default trigger values for slightly disturbed ecosystems in tropical Australia rather than above these values. Recorded concentrations of trace metals other than cadmium were below laboratory reporting limits. Cadmium levels were, Page 76 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

74 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: on average, double the ANZECC and ARMCANZ (2000) 99% level of protection trigger levels for this metal (0.7 μg/l). However, the concentrations of cadmium were relatively consistent across both the east and west coast samples, ranging only from 1.2 to 1.6 μg/l. This may reflect normal background concentrations, rather than contamination (RPS 2007). Chlorophyll pigment levels in nearshore waters are low; however, recorded concentrations of nitrate and nitrite, Total Nitrogen (TN) and Total Phosphorus (TP) slightly exceeded the default triggers levels in the ANZECC and ARMCANZ (2000) guidelines (RPS 2007). The widespread distribution of these data suggests these nutrient concentrations may be characteristic of the area. Concentrations of inorganic compounds were consistent, but slightly elevated levels of radionuclides have been detected north of Barrow Island, suggesting the possibility of some contamination from either produced or natural seeps of formation water, or remaining fallout from the three nuclear explosions on the Montebello Islands conducted by the British during the 1950s. No pesticides were detected in any of the seawater samples. Sediment quality data indicate that nutrient concentrations in the nearshore sediments surrounding Barrow Island are low, and that concentrations of metals other than silver are below the ANZECC and ARMCANZ (2000) Interim Sediment Quality Guideline (ISQG) Low trigger values. The source of the elevated silver concentrations is unknown. Hydrocarbons and BTEX were below laboratory detection limits in sediments sampled around Barrow Island (RPS 2007). Monobutyl tin and dibutyl tin concentrations were below laboratory detection limits. Tributyl tin (TBT) was detected, but the measured concentrations were well below the ANZECC and ARMCANZ ISQG trigger value (RPS 2007). The presence of TBT in the marine sediments suggests historical contamination from antifouling paints on vessel hulls; an international convention prohibiting TBT paints on ships came into full effect on 1 January 2008, adopted by the International Maritime Organization. As such, ongoing contribution of TBT contamination is considered unlikely. Further detail on water and sediment quality can be found in the Coastal and Marine Baseline State and Environmental Impact Report (Condition 14.2 of Statement No. 800 and Condition 11.2 of EPBC Reference: 2003/2194 and 2008/4178 Chevron Australia 2012a) Nearshore Habitats of Barrow Island The shallow, rocky platforms that surround Barrow Island provide suitable habitat for a range of benthic primary producers (BPP), including corals and macroalgae. In addition, silt layers overlying the rocky substrate provide suitable habitat for sparse patches of seagrass, in some areas Corals Corals are abundant BPP around Barrow Island, occurring in a variety of growth forms. Coral reefs and coral bombora are restricted to water depths where sufficient light penetrates the water column to support photosynthesis. Coral reef, bombora and coral pavement are found on both the east and west coasts of the Island (Chevron Australia 2005). The most significant coral reefs around Barrow Island include Biggada Reef on the west coast; Dugong Reef, Southern Barrow Shoals, and Batman Reef off the south-east coast of the Island; and the Southern Lowendal Shelf and the eastern margins of the Lowendal Shelf off the east coast. Coral bombora are scattered across limestone pavement along the eastern side of the Island, along the eastern side of the Town Point subtidal pavement and across the Lowendal Shelf (Chevron Australia 2012a) Macroalgae and Mixed Sessile Benthic Communities Macroalgae are the most common form of BPP on the subtidal pavement on the east coast of Barrow Island, often interspersed with sparse sessile benthic invertebrate assemblages and coral bombora (Chevron Australia 2012a). Subtidal areas of bare sand are common along the east coast of the Island, and, where hard substrate is present, it is commonly colonised by Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 77 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

75 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX macroalgae or mixed, sessile benthic invertebrate assemblages. In deeper areas where light becomes limited, sessile benthic macroinvertebrates such as gorgonians, sea whips and sponges are more common (Chevron Australia 2012a). The distribution of these sessile benthic macroinvertebrates appears linked to two factors: the availability of hard substrate for settlement, and the absence of macroalgal-dominated communities (Chevron Australia 2012a) Seagrass Ephemeral seagrass beds, usually composed of Halophila spp., are patchily distributed on some sand habitats off the east coast of Barrow Island and in sandy habitats to the south of the Southern Lowendal Shelf Mangroves A single species of mangrove, Avicennia marina, grows on Barrow Island. This species is associated with sheltered bays on the south and east coasts of the Island where it grows in thin bands in soft sediments of the intertidal zone (Chevron Australia 2012a). Mangrove assemblages are sparsely distributed from Bandicoot Bay to Shark Point, with a small assemblage found further north at Mattress Point. Detailed information and descriptions of the benthic habitats, including hard and soft corals, macroalgae, non-coral benthic macroinvertebrates, seagrass, mangroves, demersal fish, surficial sediment characteristics, water quality, turbidity, and light is provided in the Coastal and Marine Baseline State and Environmental Impact Report (Condition 14.2 of Statement No. 800 and Condition 11.2 of EPBC Reference: 2003/2194 and 2008/4178; Chevron Australia 2012a). Within the MOF and jetty disturbance area, the nearshore area (where the causeway is proposed) comprises an intertidal reef with large rock pools. These reefs support algal turf, while the rock pools support macroalgae and sparse seagrass. The eastern end of the causeway, MOF, and part of the LNG jetty cover an area of limestone platform reef. This reef is covered in macroalgae (Sargassum), scattered hard and soft corals, and thin sand veneers. Further detail on mapping and proportions of habitat can be found in the Coastal and Marine Baseline State and Environmental Impact Report (Condition 14.2 of Statement No. 800 and Condition 11.2 of EPBC Reference: 2003/2194 and 2008/4178; Chevron Australia 2012a). Page 78 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

76 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: 4.0 Risk Assessment The risk assessment encompasses the significant Proposal-related stressors with the potential to cause adverse impact on marine turtles, as required by Condition 16.4iii of Statement No. 800, and significant Action-related stressors with the potential to cause significant impact on the population viability of marine turtle species that utilise the beaches adjacent to the east coast facilities, as required by Condition 12.4.iii of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178. Additional direct stressors that may influence marine turtles are also included. The risk assessment outcomes are based solely on the assessment of technical environmental stressors to marine turtles and their habitat. Risks to company reputation, regulatory compliance, or community relationships were considered but not risk assessed. 4.1 Risk Assessments Undertaken A number of environmental risk assessments have been completed for the Gorgon Gas Development. These have included: Strategic Environmental Risk Assessment, undertaken during the preparation of the Draft Environmental Impact Statement/Environmental Review and Management Program (EIS/ERMP) to determine the environmental acceptability of the Gorgon Gas Development, and identify key areas of risk requiring mitigation (Chevron Australia 2005). Revised Strategic Environmental Risk Assessment, undertaken to meet the requirements of the Public Environmental Review (PER) for the Gorgon Gas Development Revised and Expanded Proposal (Chevron Australia 2008), in light of proposed changes to the Gorgon Gas Development. LTMTMP-specific Environmental Risk Assessment. This risk assessment focused on proposal-related (or action-attributable) stressors with the potential to cause significant impact to Flatback Turtles and other marine turtles (Hawksbill, Green) which use the beaches off the east and west coasts of Barrow Island. The LTMTMP-specific Environmental Risk Assessment updated the Revised Strategic Environmental Risk Assessment above and was specifically tailored to this Plan. The risk assessment comprised a workshop conducted in-house by Chevron Australia and included the following Chevron Australia attendees: marine and terrestrial ecologists, marine and dredging engineers, and a Chevron Australia consultant with specialist turtle expertise. The DEC participated as observers only, and the MTEP were unable to attend the workshop. The workshop involved reviewing and updating previous risk assessments and the inclusion of further detail for hazards and management measures specifically related to the dredging program. A summary of the outputs from this risk assessment is provided in Section 4.0. DomGas Pipeline Environmental Risk Assessment: This risk assessment was undertaken to assess environmental impacts and risks associated with the commissioning, start-up, and operation of the DomGas Pipeline, as required for petroleum activities by the Petroleum Pipeline (Environment) Regulations 2012 and Petroleum (Submerged Lands) (Environment) Regulations The outcomes of this risk assessment relating to marine turtles were presented and reviewed at the marine turtle risk review conducted in March 2015 by Chevron Australia. The workshop included the following Chevron Australia attendees: marine and terrestrial ecologists, marine engineers, a Chevron Australia consultant with specialist turtle expertise, and two independent turtle experts. The group did not consider there were any significant proposal-related stressors to marine turtles associated with the commissioning, start-up, and operation of the DomGas pipeline. Impacts from the Jansz Gas Feed Pipeline in Commonwealth marine areas have been assessed in the Draft EIS/ERMP including the Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline in state waters and onshore (Chevron Australia 2005). Impacts from the Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline in Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 79 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

77 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Commonwealth Marine Areas have been assessed in the EPBC Referral assessment processes (Mobil Australia 2005, 2006). 4.2 Methodology The following sections of this Plan refer specifically to the outputs of the above three risk assessments, which were undertaken in accordance with these standards: Australian Standard/New Zealand Standard (AS/NZS) 4360:2004 Risk management (Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand 2004b). AS/NZS Handbook 203:2006 Environmental Risk.Management Principles and Process (Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand 2006) AS/NZS 3931:1998 Risk Analysis of Technological Systems Application Guide (Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand 1998). The methodologies used for the three risk assessments were similar, allowing the outcomes for each risk assessment to be compared. The process followed in all three risk assessments included: Hazard Identification: Identifying potential hazards applicable to Gorgon Gas Development activities and determining the hazardous events to be evaluated. Hazard Analysis: Determining the possible causes that could lead to the hazardous events identified; the consequences of the hazardous events; and the safeguards and controls currently in place to mitigate the events and/or the consequences. Risk Evaluation: Comparing the estimated risk level to the pre-established risk acceptability criteria. Risks are then ranked in risk bands high or intolerable, medium or As Low As Reasonably Practicable (ALARP), and low to prioritise them for management purposes. Risks identified as low can possibly be accepted without treatment. Risks are subject to monitoring and review. Residual Risk Treatment: Reviewing the proposed management controls for each of the risks identified and proposing additional controls or making recommendations, if required. The main differences between the risk assessment methodology used for the LTMTMP-specific Environmental Risk Assessment and the previous Marine Turtle Risk Assessment used in the EIS/ERMP was in the Consequence and Likelihood scales used to determine the Residual Risk Ranking: The previous Marine Turtle Risk Assessment used the risk assessment methodology outlined in detail in Chapter 9 of the EIS/ERMP (Chevron Australia 2005). The assessment methodology is based on the use of the Consequence Definitions for Risk-based Environmental Assessment and the Likelihood Definitions for Risk-based Environmental Assessment, both of which use a 5-point scale for Consequence and Likelihood rankings to arrive at a Residual Risk Ranking on a low medium high scale. The LTMTMP-specific Environmental Risk Assessment used the Chevron RiskMan2 methodology (Chevron Corporation 2008). Using the RiskMan2 methodology, Residual Risk Rankings are determined using a combination of the Chevron Integrated Risk Prioritization Matrix (Appendix 2) and RiskMan2 Environmental Consequence Interpretative Guide (Appendix 3). These matrices use a 6-point scale for Consequence and Likelihood rankings to arrive at a Residual Risk Ranking on a 10-point scale, which is also convertible to a low medium high scale (Table 4-1). Consequences are risk assessed without mitigation measures in place. Likelihood is risk assessed with mitigation measures in place. Risk ranking categories have been used in the development of this Plan to determine whether the stressors are considered as low as reasonably practicable, or whether further mitigation and Page 80 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

78 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: safeguards are required. Initial stressors ranked as either medium or high are considered significant, and require the implementation of management measures. Initial stressors ranked as low can possibly be accepted without further mitigation and safeguards; however, where appropriate, mitigation measures have also been developed for stressors with low risks, in accordance with Chevron s ABU Operational Excellence (OE) policy, in particular Environmental Stewardship: Working to manage pollution and waste; striving to continually improve environmental performance and limiting impacts from operations (Chevron Corporation 2007a). Following development of mitigation and safeguards, all stressors were reduced to medium low. Table 4-1 Conversion used to Align Outputs from the LTMTMP-specific Environmental Risk Assessment Overarching Residual Risk Category RiskMan2 Residual Risk Ranking High 1, 2, 3, 4 Medium 5, 6 Low 7, 8, 9, Outcomes The proposal-related stressors to marine turtles associated with the Gorgon Gas Development are summarised in Table 4-2. Table 4-3 and Table 4-4 summarise residual risk levels for proposal-related stressors during construction activities and operations activities respectively, identified in the risk assessment after the mitigation measures detailed in Section 5.0 have been implemented. Note that the mitigation measures are what the Proponent and the MTEP consider untested and may need to be adapted in the future, with the evidence coming from the monitoring program and scopes of studies (see Sections 7.0 and 8.0). The majority of the residual risks identified in the environmental risk assessment were considered to be low and can be managed via application of routine safeguards and mitigation measures (no further mitigation measures are deemed to be required at this stage). For stressors identified in Table 4-3 and Table 4-4 as Significant (medium and high), specific management measures have been developed and are discussed in Section 5.0 of this Plan. Table 4-2 Description of Predicted Marine Turtle Stressors from the Gorgon Gas Development Proposalrelated Stressor Physical presence (MOF and jetty) Description Potential influence to turtle nesting patterns and marine movements along Barrow Island east coast beaches Potential changes to beach erosion/accretion Increased predation risk to animals moving around the end of the MOF Potential influence on hatchlings for need to expend additional energy to reach the open ocean Destruction of internesting and feeding habitat; however, creation of artificial structures may increase feeding opportunities for turtles foraging in the area thus increasing the risk of vessel strike Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 81 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

79 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Proposalrelated Stressor Light Vessel movement Dredging and spoil disposal Liquid waste discharges Noise and vibration Blasting Emissions to atmosphere Physical presence (people) Seawater intake Description Hatchlings attracted to offshore lights from vessels, construction activities or permanent structures (i.e. MOF, causeway, LNG jetty), and onshore facilities Disorientation or exhaustion of hatchlings that emerge from nests Altered levels of predation on hatchlings may occur in inshore waters Potential influence on adult females from nesting on certain beaches Death or injury to turtles by physical contact with vessels or dredge vessel Propeller wash from vessels, especially during operations phase, increasing turbidity in the area of the loading facilities and channels, and potential for erosion to soft bottom benthic communities Incidental take by dredges may occur Loss of internesting and foraging habitat directly from dredging or through burial of habitat from dredge spoil disposal Turbidity: Disorientation due to low visibility; covering of foraging grounds Spills or unplanned discharges: Impacts on turtle health including benthic communities as their food source from accidental chemical or diesel spills may occur Stormwater run-off: Shoreline alteration and changes to beach habitats due to erosion from changed onshore drainage patterns may occur Unplanned discharges from vessels: Impacts on turtle health (including benthic communities making up their food source) due to high-temperature (heated) water, unplanned chemical or diesel spills, fouling of nesting beaches by oil and impacts on habitat health Noise and vibration onshore may influence various life stages of marine turtles: nesting females and their physical distribution on nesting beaches, female nesting success, hatching success of eggs, and hatchling behaviour as they emerge from the nest Offshore noise associated with vessels may disrupt resident or female nesting turtles from foraging areas or beach selection Airgun activity related to CO 2 seismic data acquisition may disturb nesting females as they use offshore waters Underwater explosive discharges may injure or kill turtles in the blast zone Accumulated dust from construction activities (e.g. earthworks) may change the thermal albedo of surface sand on turtle nesting beaches or alter sand cohesion Movement or activity visible from nesting beaches may disturb nesting females or hatchlings Fishing from vessels or coast could hook adults, foraging adults and immature turtles Disturbance of nests Entanglement in broken fishing line and hooks from staff fishing from Island Entrainment in ocean intakes (e.g. desalination, cooling water or for pressure testing of pipelines) may occur Page 82 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

80 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Table 4-3 Summary of Risk Assessment for Construction Activities on the East and West Coasts of Barrow Island Proposal-related Receptor Risk Species Stressor East Coast Marine Construction Period: WAPET landing upgrade, MOF and LNG Jetty construction, Domestic Gas (DomGas) pipeline installation. Includes activities such as dredging, rock dumping, heavy lifts above water, heavy lift vessels anchoring, pipe laying and potentially diving, marine vessel operations and emissions and discharges. Includes commissioning and start-up of relevant marine facilities. Light Nesting Medium F, h Breeding and mating adults Medium F, h Hatchlings Medium F, h Foraging juveniles, adults Low F, G, H Noise and vibration Nesting Low F, h Breeding and mating adults Low F, h, g Foraging juveniles, adults Low F, G, H Blasting All Medium F, G, H Vessels: boat strike Breeding, foraging adults, juveniles Medium F, G Dredging All (not hatchlings) Medium F, g, h Seawater intake Juveniles and hatchlings Low F, g, h Liquid waste discharges: turbid waters RO brine disposal Foraging juveniles and adults, breeding adults Medium F, G, h Water quality, foraging juveniles and adults, breeding adults Low F, G, h diesel spills >1000 L All Low F, g, h diesel spills <1000 L All Low F, g, h vessel organic and liquid discharges Foraging juveniles and adults, breeding adults Low F, G, h hydrotest water All (not eggs/embryos) Low F, g, h unplanned oil pipeline rupture All Low F, G, H chemical spills All Low F, g, h West Coast Marine Construction Period: Includes shallow water feed gas and utilities pipeline installation and hook-up, pipeline trenching and offshore vessel usage. Light Nesting Low G, h Noise and vibration marine vessels Breeding and mating adults Low G, h Foraging juveniles, adults Low G, h Hatchlings Medium G, H, f Mating, foraging adults and juveniles Medium G, H, f Vessels boat strike Mating, foraging adults and juveniles Low G, H, f Seawater intake Juveniles Low G Liquid waste discharges: drilling fluid Mating, foraging adults and juveniles, hatchlings Low G, H hydrotest water Mating, foraging adults and juveniles, hatchlings Low G, H marine vessel discharges Mating, foraging adults and juveniles, hatchlings Low G, H diesel spills <1000 L Mating, foraging adults and juveniles, hatchlings Low G, H Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 83 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

81 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Proposal-related Stressor diesel spills >1000 L Receptor Risk Species Mating, foraging adults and juveniles, hatchlings, eggs East Coast Terrestrial Construction Period: Site preparation and construction of Gas Treatment Plant, Administration Area and Construction Village/Turnaround Camp, commissioning and start-up. Light Nesting Medium F, h Low G, H Hatchlings Medium F, h Noise and vibration Hatchlings Low F, h Nesting Low F, h Eggs/embryos Low F, h Emissions to atmosphere Nesting Low F, h Liquid waste discharges: stormwater run-off Hatchlings Low F, h Eggs/embryos Low F Beaches, hatchlings, eggs Low F Physical presence: people Nesting Low F Hatchlings Low F West Coast Terrestrial Construction Period: Includes drilling and construction activities at the HDD site and laydown area, and construction personnel. Light Nesting Low G, h Hatchlings Low G, h Physical presence: people Nesting Low G, h Hatchlings Low G, h Noise and vibration Nesting Low G, h Hatchlings Low G, h Note: Capital letter for turtle indicates greater potential impact/risk: F/f: Flatback; G/g: Green; H/h: Hawksbill Table 4-4 Summary of Risk Assessment for Operations Activities on the East Coast of Barrow Island Proposal-related Stressor Receptor Risk Species Mating Low F, h Offshore Operations: Includes LNG and condensate loading, supply boat and barges, MOF and LNG jetty, RO brine discharge Physical presence: MOF/jetty Nesting and mating adults Medium F, g, h Foraging juveniles and adults Medium F, G, H Hatchlings Medium F, h Light: marine vessels 1 Hatchlings Medium F, h terrestrial facilities Nesting Medium F, h Hatchlings Medium F, h Liquid waste discharges: diesel spills about 100 L Water quality, adults Low F, g, h diesel spills >1000 L All Low F, g, h chemicals All Low F, g, h Page 84 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

82 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Proposal-related Stressor Receptor Risk Species RO brine disposal Water quality, foraging juveniles and adults, breeding adults Low F, g, h LNG spill Adults and hatchlings Low F, g, h condensate spill water quality, beach sediment quality, all life stages Low F, g, h Ocean water intake Juveniles and hatchlings Low F, g, h Vessels: boat strike Breeding, foraging adults, juveniles Medium F, G Maintenance dredging All (not hatchlings) Medium F, g, h Onshore Operations: Includes Gas Treatment Plant, Associated terrestrial infrastructure Light Nesting Medium F, h Hatchlings Medium F, h Foraging juveniles and adults Low F, G, H Noise and vibration Eggs/embryos Low F, h Hatchlings Low F, h Physical presence: people Nesting Low F, h Hatchlings Low F, h Physical presence: MOF/jetty Coastal process, nesting, hatchlings Low F, h Note: Capital letter for turtle indicates greater potential impact/risk: F/f: Flatback; G/g: Green; H/h: Hawksbill Phase-Significant Stressors DomGas Pipeline Operation Risk Assessment Outcome As noted in Section 4.1, the outcomes of the DomGas Pipeline Environmental Risk Assessment identified no significant proposal-related stressors on marine turtles associated with the commissioning, start-up, and operation of the DomGas pipeline. The DomGas pipeline commences at the tie-in weld located at the top of the pipeline riser on the LNG jetty approximately 2.2 km from the Barrow Island shore (east coast). Typically, subsea pipeline inspections are conducted every one to two years and are estimated to take one to two weeks to complete a full inspection of the pipeline. A small, supply-type vessel is expected to be used to conduct inspections in shallow waters off the east coast of Barrow Island. Marine vessels may also be required to inspect and support repair works in deeper waters should such works be necessary. Within Barrow Island waters, inspection activities would typically involve the marine vessel being present over the DomGas Pipeline route, moving at slow speeds. Examples of inspection types include: visual inspections; marine acoustic surveys; non-destructive testing; cathodic protection measurements; fatigue monitoring/inspection. Because the vessel movements associated with DomGas pipeline inspections are infrequent, short in duration, and are conducted at slow speeds, it was concluded that significant proposalrelated stressors on marine turtles for planned activities did not exist. As such, the management measures associated with marine vessels defined in Sections and are not applicable to DomGas Pipeline operations activities in the waters surrounding Barrow Island. If major repairs of the DomGas pipeline are required within the waters surrounding Barrow Island during periods of high marine turtle activity, a risk assessment will be carried out to identify if potential significant proposal-related stressors to marine turtles are present. Where significant proposal-related stressors to marine turtles are identified from major repair activities, the application of the management measures defined in Sections and will be considered to manage, and where practicable, aim to avoid adverse impacts to marine turtles. Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 85 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

83 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Risks from Combined Effects Cumulative risk has been considered in the risk assessment process. One example is the cumulative effects of marine offshore lighting, spills and leaks, and vessel strike, on hatchlings or adult (breeding) female turtles. However, workshop attendees recognised there were many uncertainties related to how to interpret cumulative consequences in order to rank risk. As a mechanism to accommodate how the synergistic effects of various stressors may act upon each of the marine turtle life stages, the proposal-related stressors identified during the LTMTMP Environmental Risk Assessment workshops were combined into a matrix (Table 4-5) for each major phase of the life cycle of marine turtles (see Figure 3-1). The combined matrix provides a useful guide to prioritise monitoring and further studies to those life stages predicted to be at highest risk (Sections 7.0 and 8.0). The matrix of multiple proposal-related stressors shows that during construction, nesting adults and hatchlings remain most at risk from the stressors associated with the Gorgon Gas Development on the east and west coasts of Barrow Island. The matrix of multiple stressors shows that during operations, hatchlings remain a key life stage that may be at risk from the proposal-related stressors on the east coast of Barrow Island from the Gorgon Gas Development. This information assists with focusing monitoring efforts towards these key receptor life stages. The matrix also acknowledges the proposal-related stressors that are predicted to have a combined influence on marine turtles regardless of life stage (Table 4-5). For marine construction activities on the east coast of Barrow Island, cumulative risks to marine turtles are predicted to be related to the following stressors: light emissions, vessel strike, dredging, blasting, and liquid waste discharges. For terrestrial construction activities on the east coast of Barrow Island, light is predicted to have the higher influence. During construction, west coast stressors that are predicted to be of higher influence include light, noise and vibration. During operations, risk from the following marine stressors is predicted to be of highest influence on the east coast: liquid waste discharges, vessel strikes, maintenance dredging, and the presence of a MOF. Light is predicted to have the highest influence as a terrestrial stressor. Page 86 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

84 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Table 4-5 Matrix of Multiple Proposal-related Stressors for each Major Marine Turtle Life Stage during Construction and Operation Phases of the Gorgon Gas Development Notes: 0 risk considered but not ranked as life stage was not deemed to be relevant to stressor 1 low risk 2 medium risk 3 high risk Totals are presented as the sum across rows, or the sum for each marine or terrestrial stressor Stressors Construction Period East Coast Marine Terrestrial Light (Marine Vessels) Vessels (Boat Strikes) Dredging Liquid Waste Discharge (Offshore) Liquid Waste Discharge (Offshore Turbidity) Blasting Noise and Vibration Seawater Intake Light (Terrestrial Facilities) Noise and Vibration Emissions to Atmosphere Life History Phase Liquid Waste Discharge (on Island) Physical Presence (People) TOTAL Egg Hatchling Juvenile Adult (Nesting/Mating) Adult (Foraging) TOTAL Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 87 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

85 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Stressors Construction Period West Coast Marine Terrestrial Life History Phase Light (Marine Vessels) Noise and Vibration Vessels (Boat Strikes) Liquid Waste Discharge (Offshore) Egg Hatchling Juvenile Adult (Nesting/Mating) Adult (Foraging) TOTAL Light (Terrestrial Facilities) Noise and Vibration Physical Presence (People) TOTAL Page 88 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

86 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Stressors Operational Phase Marine Terrestrial Life History Phase Physical Presence (MOF and Jetty) Light (Marine Vessels) Light (Marine Facilities) Liquid Waste Discharge (Offshore) Vessels (Boat Strike) Maintenance Dredging Seawater Intake Light (Terrestrial Facilities) Noise and Vibration Physical Presence (People) Physical Presence (MOF and Jetty) TOTAL Egg Hatchling Juvenile Adult (Nesting/Mating) Adult (Foraging) TOTAL Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 89 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

87 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Direct Proposal-related Stressors Medium Risk Light Emissions Some of the Gorgon Gas Development facilities will be located close to the coast and have the potential to change coastal horizons via emitted light spill, direct light, sky glow, light from gas flares, and lights from vessels (Pendoley 2000, 2005b). Marine turtles are predominantly nocturnal nesters; therefore, artificial lighting near nesting beaches could disrupt visual cues and alter behaviour in these species. This includes: potentially deter females from nesting (Salmon 2003) potentially slow swimming and aggregation of hatchlings around lit vessels and in-water structures, leading to increased predation risks (Kebodeaux 1994) potentially cause disorientation (circuitous paths) or misorientation (crawling landward) of emerging hatchlings, delaying their arrival at the water and increasing exposure to predation (Salmon 2005; Salmon and Witherington 1995; Witherington and Martin 1996) reduce nesting productivity when compared to turtles nesting on natural unlit beaches (Pike 2008) a tendency for adult females to nest in darker, shaded areas of the beach (Salmon 2003) selection of alternative nesting beaches, which may provide less suitable nesting habitat resulting in appreciably reduced nesting success (Salmon 2003) slow hatchlings that successfully enter the water and swim away from the beach (Harewood and Horrocks 2008). As hatchlings disperse from the beach, the slower they swim or as they are disoriented to not swim directly out to sea, it is predicted that there may be increased rates of predation of hatchlings by fish and sharks. To date, most studies on the impact of light have focused on onshore light sources; however, offshore light has also been shown to adversely affect marine turtles. Swimming hatchlings were found to be attracted to light, which may result in a reduction in survival rates due to increased exposure to predation and decreased dispersion (O'Hara and Wilcox 1990; Salmon and Wyneken 1987, 1990). Marine turtle hatchlings in the water may be attracted to lights from vessels or permanent structures such as the MOF, causeway, and LNG jetty. There is little evidence to suggest that light cues influence adult migration while at sea; however, there are anecdotal reports of adult turtles observed near oil platforms feeding on animals attracted to the platform lights (Kebodeaux 1994) Physical Presence (MOF) Flatback Turtles have been observed in the general area of the MOF, and nest at beaches either side of Town Point (Pendoley Environmental 2008a). To a lesser extent, Hawksbill and Green Turtles have also been observed in the nearshore areas, although nesting activity by these species on the beaches near Town Point is low (Pendoley Environmental 2008a). The MOF structure will act as a diversion for Flatback Turtles accessing either the northern or southern beaches around Town Point. Turtles swimming north to south and close to the east coast, which encounter the MOF and potentially also the jetty, will need to swim around the structure. Turtle movements may be funnelled around the end of the MOF, increasing the potential for vessel strikes and predation. The MOF may act like a natural headland, which turtles need to navigate around. The water depth at the head of the MOF ranges between 4.5 and 9.5 m. The causeway structure has the potential to affect the natural wave direction and disrupt turtle hatchlings as they attempt to move offshore. Once in the water, turtle hatchlings may use the wave direction as one of the directional cues to move offshore. At Town Point, the shallow rock platform aligns the wave front parallel to the shore. The potential impact of the proposed Page 90 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

88 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: causeway is reduced as it is orientated perpendicular to the wave front and the armour protection acts to absorb the wave energy. The division of Town Point Beach by the causeway is considered unlikely to have an increased risk of vessel strikes to nesting Flatback Turtles. Satellite telemetry data show turtles use a large spatial area off the east coast of Barrow Island, while some also move to and from the mainland. Turtles that swim along the coast will either swim around the MOF structure, or return in the direction they came from. Notwithstanding the above, it is possible that the causeway may increase the risk of disruptions to adult turtle behaviour, beyond predicted disruptions. Therefore the risk of impacts to turtles from the physical presence of the causeway was assessed as medium. The loss of the macroalgae-dominant limestone reef area from the construction of the causeway and MOF is not expected to reduce the feeding and internesting areas for turtles as baseline marine surveys show that this habitat is extensive in the region. The benthic habitats used by marine turtles are well represented around Barrow Island and in the broader region (see Condition 14 of Statement No. 800 and Condition 11.2 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178). Displacement of nesting females from beaches either side of Town Point to other beaches on Barrow Island may cause overcrowding of nests on these other beaches. Results from tagging studies describe natural levels of movement between beaches (Pendoley Environmental 2008a). Any variation to beach visitation can therefore be quantified. Beach erosion or accretion may occur, although changes to beach profile and sand characteristics will be monitored through the Coastal Stability Management and Monitoring Plan (Chevron Australia 2009a) Vessels Boat strike has been recognised as a cause of marine turtle mortality (Minerals Management Service [MMS] 2007). Turtles are at risk from boat strike when they rise to the surface to breathe or when they surface as a startle response to some situation such as dredging noise, explosions or visual cues (MMS 2007). Turtles are also at risk of being hit by propellers when they swim beneath vessels where there is little clearance between the keel and the benthos. Strike rates are expected to be higher where there is greater vessel use, which results in an increase in opportunities for collision and the habituation of turtles to vessel noise, which may affect their avoidance reaction (Hazel et al. 2007; MMS 2003). The ability of turtles to flee an approaching vessel decreases with increasing vessel speed. The ability of a vessel operator to see and avoid turtles can be limited by sea and weather conditions, water turbidity, and safety restrictions for emergency stopping (Hazel et al. 2007) Dredging Dredging causes direct habitat destruction via excavation of the seabed, or burial of habitat from dredge spoil disposal, potentially impacting foraging or resting habitat for marine turtles at most life stages. Dredging and dredge spoil disposal increase water turbidity and sediment deposition, potentially reducing foraging success or diminishing food supply in the vicinity of the dredge area (Rice and Hall 2000). Dredging is also known to entrain marine turtles (Dickerson et al. 2004). The type of dredge, drag head type, and timing of dredging, can influence the level of impact that dredging may have on marine turtles. Dredging in the vicinity of turtle rookeries offers risks to gravid female turtles, and so is a key management concern. Investigations by the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) into dredging and marine turtle interactions have found the incidental take of marine turtles has been documented for operations using hopper dredges with trailing suction drag heads (Dickerson et al. 1991; Nelson et al. 1994). Entrainment rates in a ten-year monitoring program in the southern USA averaged 1.2 turtles per m 3 of Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 91 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

89 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX dredge spoil; however, this was in silty substrates (Reine and Clarke 1998). As of 2004, no incidental take of turtles had been reported from clamshell, pipeline cutter head, or any other dredge type. This difference is possibly related to the speed at which the dredges operate; clamshell and pipeline dredges are slow relative to hopper dredges. The mortality of entrained turtles may vary significantly between species. Some species (Loggerheads, Greens) are known to rest in channels, placing them at increased risk of entrainment during subsequent maintenance dredging (Limpus pers. comm. 2006; US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station [USAEWES] 1997). Additional details on the USACE use of hopper dredges can be found on their website: ( Branches/Environmental/Protection_SeaTurtle.htm) (accessed 2 June 2011). Onboard management has also been used to reduce risks to turtles (pumps are turned off when the drag head is lifted from the bottom, and jet pumps are used to provide a mobile water curtain). These measures appear to be equally, if not more, effective than turtle deflectors in reducing risks to turtles (Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority [GBRMPA] 2007) Direct Proposal-related Stressors Low Risk Liquid Waste Discharges The limited published studies of persistent toxic chemicals (organochlorines and heavy metals) and diesel effects in marine turtles are confined to stranded turtles and eggs. These studies have identified contamination by organochlorines and heavy metals in marine turtle tissue and eggs from Australia, the USA, Ascension Island, and France (Caurant et al. 1999; Godley et al. 1999; Gordon et al. 1998; MMS 2003; National Research Council [NRC] 1990; Sakai et al. 2000; Vetter et al. 2001). No data are available on the physiological effects of the pollutants, or on the extent of this contamination in the global marine turtle population (Milton and Lutz 2003). A review of oil and gas impacts on ecosystems in the Gulf of Mexico (MMS 2003) concluded that hydrocarbons in discharges could: contribute to the poisoning of marine turtles over time, kill or debilitate marine turtles or adversely affect the food chains and other key elements of the ecosystem biomagnify and bioaccumulate in the food web, which may kill or debilitate important prey species of marine turtles or species lower in the marine food web. Hydrocarbon discharge is identified as a low risk to turtles at all life stages, excluding embryos, as no organochlorines or heavy metals are planned to be discharged as a result of Gorgon Gas Development construction or operations activities on or adjacent to Barrow Island. Marine turtles may be affected by hydrocarbon spills through: direct surface contact inhalation of evaporated hydrocarbons direct or indirect ingestion. Marine turtles have been shown to be extremely sensitive to exposure to oil during all life stages, especially hatchlings, which are vulnerable to oiling while crossing the beach and in the water (Fritts and McGehee 1982). This includes: respiration, diving patterns and blood chemistry being significantly affected (Lutz et al. 1986) salt glands temporarily failing skin structure and sensory organs can be disrupted (Bossart 1986) egg development may be altered or arrested by oiling (Fritts and McGehee 1982). Page 92 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

90 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: The long-term effects of chronic exposure to oil are still unknown (MMS 2007). Fouling of nesting beaches by oil may impact eggs, hatchlings and nesting females. Hatchling, post-hatchling, and juvenile Flatback Turtles are likely to be particularly vulnerable to oil spills as they use nearshore coastal areas as nursery habitats. Juvenile Green Turtles are commonly found in waters less than one metre deep off Pilbara islands and the mainland coast, particularly in the vicinity of mangrove habitat Beach Stability Beach and shoreline alteration associated with industrial development occurs directly or indirectly: directly via dredging, earthworks, clearing indirectly via interruption of natural longshore drift processes causing erosion and accretion. Structures that impede natural sand transport or disrupt the sand profile can potentially lead to changes in natural beach dynamics (Brown and McLachlan 2002). Structures proposed for the Gorgon Gas Development that may impact natural beach processes are the MOF, causeway, DomGas pipeline, and west coast Feed Gas Pipeline System. Accretion or erosion alters natural beach characteristics, such as compactness, sand depth, temperature, humidity, and grain size composition, and these may influence turtle nesting success and beach resilience (Fuentes et al. 2010). Changes to beach profile influences marine turtle nest site selection (Wood and Bjorndal 2000) and significantly impacts the microenvironment surrounding egg clutches and hence egg development and hatchling emergence success (Mota and Peterson 2006). Sand erosion reduces available marine turtle nesting habitat, potentially forcing nesting below the high tide mark where a greater proportion of nests are at risk to loss from erosion and inundation (Matsushita et al. 2006). Where beaches are significantly reduced, and the inland buffer zones are limited by development, nesting may not be possible. Increased sand compaction may reduce female nesting success, reduce gas exchange in the nest, and obstruct hatchling emergence (Horrocks and Scott 1991; Peters et al. 1994). Reduced sand depth may cause females to construct shallower nests, influencing egg mortality by altering parameters of the typical nest environment and rendering nests more accessible to predators (Mortimer 1990; Pendoley Environmental 2008b; Vanderlely 1996). Altered sand depths can influence temperature, which directly affects primary hatchling sex ratios (Hewavisenthi and Parmenter 2002b) and potentially affects long-term population dynamics. Extreme temperatures can cause egg and hatchling mortality, particularly during hatching (Bustard and Greenham 1968; Matsushita et al. 2006; Matsuzawa et al. 2002). Successful nest construction requires suitable sand moisture to prevent egg desiccation and suffocation (Foley et al. 2006; Hewavisenthi and Parmenter 2001). Grain composition impacts hatching and emergence success, with moderately sized and sorted sands producing optimum hatching success (Mortimer 1990; Schwartz 1982) Noise Published studies have found anthropogenic noise may have an effect on marine turtle behaviour in water by: instigating an alarm response/avoidance behaviour (McCauley et al. 2000) displacing them from dependable feeding grounds, migratory routes, and nurseries (Samuel et al. 2005). The marine turtle ear is most sensitive to low-frequency sound. Green Turtles can detect limited sound at a frequency range of 200 to 700 Hz, with high sensitivity to low tones at around 400 Hz Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 93 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

91 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX (Moein et al. 1999), while Loggerhead Turtles are most sensitive to sound at 250 Hz (Bartol et al. 1999). Impulse noise can lead to startle responses. Ongoing background noise can cause stress (Samuel et al. 2005), instigating stress-related illness via lowered resistance to disease, increased vulnerability to environmental disturbances, and endocrine imbalances. Research has indicated that turtles display limited startle and avoidance responses to proximate seismic activities, and will only deviate slightly from their preferred route (McCauley et al. 2000). Activity that causes noise on or near the beach area during construction may potentially disturb nesting females if it changes their nesting beach location, hatchling emergence, and hatchling behaviour (orientation) on the beach Vibration Vibration may affect these reproductive processes: successful egg development and hatchling emergence hatchlings finding the sea (sea-finding) distribution of nesting female turtles. Movement of eggs during early development (three hours to 25 days after laying) can lead to embryonic mortality (Limpus et al. 1979; Parmenter 1980). While it is not known what level of vibration is needed to cause this mortality, fine scale vibrations from anthropogenic activity remain a potential source of impact (Hendrickson 1982). Hatchlings are exposed to the natural noise and vibration of the ocean in the nest environment and research has suggested that this may play a role in sea-finding by hatchling sea turtles (Lohmann 1991). Vibrations onshore may attract hatchlings (Pendoley 2005b), causing misorientation away from the ocean, although this has not been well studied. Recent experiments on Flatback Turtle hatchlings at Barrow Island indicated that orientation was not significantly affected by vibration from a generator (Pendoley 2005b). Research has indicated that turtles display limited startle and avoidance responses to proximate seismic activities, and will only deviate slightly from their preferred route (McCauley et al. 2000). Nesting females and resident turtles may be disturbed in water from vibrations associated with offshore airgun activities during seismic surveys Atmospheric Emissions Dust Dust can impact on egg development and hatching rates by: changing the thermal albedo of the surface sand changing the physicochemical properties of the nest sand. When a different colour dust layer impacts on the absorption (darker colour) or reflection (lighter colour) of sunlight by the surface sand on the beach, changes to the thermal albedo of the sand may occur and could potentially influence the sex ratio of the embryos (Hays et al. 2001b). Fine dust can potentially bind the sand together, forming a crust near the surface of a marine turtle nest that may hinder the sand from collapsing into the nest following pipping of the eggs. Without sand in the nest, the hatchlings cannot climb out of the egg chamber to the beach surface. This has been documented for cement dust in the Middle East (Pilcher 1999). The formation of this sort of crust in the neck of the nest has also been documented on Terminal Beach, Barrow Island in January 2001 (K Pendoley pers. obs.). In the absence of any nearby earthwork activity at the time, the cause of this crust formation was thought to have been a natural occurrence related to very high evaporation rates producing high salt levels in surface sand that was bound together by rain. Page 94 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

92 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Dust may also change the physicochemical properties of the nest sand, which could affect the moisture content, ph, oxygen diffusion rates, or compaction within the nest, thereby impacting embryo development Physical Presence People Uncontrolled human presence or movement that is visible from the beach by marine turtles may disrupt or deter nesting females. This may be sufficient to cause a nesting female to abandon the nesting attempt and return to the water. These animals may return to the same or a nearby beach either later the same night or the next night, or females may be forced to select alternative and possibly less suitable nesting beaches. In extreme cases, if they are unable to lay their eggs within a specific time frame, eggs are dumped at sea (Poland et al. 1995). The vast majority of marine turtle nesting occurs at night; however, nesting and basking activity is regularly observed during high tide late in the day for Flatback, Hawksbill and Green Turtles at Barrow Island. Marine turtles are known to surface feed where food is available and are known to bite fishing lines, becoming hooked through the mouth or throat. Anecdotal evidence from personnel fishing at Barrow Island suggest it is not uncommon for juvenile Green Turtles (possibly new foraging recruits to nearshore habitat) to be hooked either by the mouth or through the carapace Seawater Intake Turtles are at risk of becoming entrained in ocean intakes. The Gorgon Gas Development will use ocean intakes for desalination, cooling water, or for pressure testing of pipelines. An ocean intake at a power plant in Florida trapped 1631 Loggerhead and 269 Green adult turtles over an 11-year period (NRC 1990). The number of hatchlings entrained is unknown, as they can pass through the netting (NRC 1990). However, the size and scale of this intake is not comparable to that proposed for the Gorgon Gas Development. As Flatback Turtle hatchlings, post-hatchlings, and juveniles are thought to use nearshore shallow waters as nursery habitat (Walker and Parmenter 1990), they are potentially at greater risk from entrainment in intakes than other species of hatchlings and juveniles that use offshore oceanic nursery habitats (e.g. Green and Hawksbill Turtles) Blasting Due to the difficulty associated with measuring blast impacts on marine turtles, data on the safe range from a detonation for marine turtles are limited. Effects of explosive discharges on marine turtles are thought to range from acoustic affects or disorientation, through to death (Viada et al. 2008), with animals close to the detonation location generally sustaining mortal injuries (Lutcavage et al. 1996). Even small discharges, such as those used in illegal blast fishing, are believed to have a lethal effect on turtles (Pilcher and Oakley 1997). The eardrums of marine turtles are sensitive to a blast (Lewis 1996). Marine turtle life stages potentially at risk from blasting associated with the Gorgon Gas Development include breeding adults, resident foraging adults, hatchlings, and juveniles. Species at risk are predominantly Flatback Turtles on the east coast. Internesting females of all species are particularly sensitive to disturbance. Killing or injuring breeding females may potentially have an impact on the breeding population. It is considered that where blasting is required, it presents a low environmental risk to marine turtles from noise and vibration emissions because of the mitigation and safeguard measures implemented Turbidity Turbidity, resulting from suspension of sediment during dredging, blasting, or sediment run-off from the MOF, may smother food sources for marine turtles thus reducing optimal foraging patterns or reducing navigational ability if visibility is impaired. Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 95 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

93 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Indirect Stressors Non-Gorgon Gas Development Related Changes observed to marine turtle populations may be attributable to other stressors external to those associated with activities related to the Gorgon Gas Development. These external stressors were not risk assessed but are included here to capture alternative stressors that may influence marine turtle populations in the region. Indirect stressors may include disease, presence of pre-existing heavy metals and organochlorides in beach sand or water, severe weather events, and predation events Infectious Disease In recent years, fibropapillomatosis (FP) has emerged as a serious threat to marine turtles, causing tumours that grow in the soft areas of the skin, potentially inhibiting an animal s ability to see, eat or breathe (George 1997; Herbst 1994; Herbst and Klein 1995). If caught early, the condition is treatable and animals have been known to recover fully in the absence of any treatment (Bennett et al. 2000). The occurrence of fibropapilloma is most strongly correlated with protected nearshore ecosystems, such as lagoons and bays (Foley et al. 2005; Herbst and Klein 1995; Limpus and Miller 1994). Such systems are not found on Barrow Island. Anecdotal reports suggest fibropapilloma in Green Turtles (and to a lesser extent in Loggerhead Turtles) is more prevalent in shallow, turbid, low-energy waters with degraded habitats that are impacted by human discharges (agricultural, urban, industrial), while few or no lesions are found in animals in open ocean habitats (Foley et al. 2005; Herbst and Klein 1995; Limpus and Miller 1994). The only published record of fibropapilloma in Western Australia was on a small Green Turtle (~10 kg and 46 cm curved carapace length) stranded in Shark Bay in 1995 (Raidal and Prince 1996). Water turbidity associated with offshore construction activities such as dredging, including other natural environmental cues such as sea surface temperatures, may work in concert to increase the occurrence of fibropapillomatosis in turtles Heavy Metals and Organochlorines Organochlorines have been found in marine turtle eggs, hatchlings, and adults, as have heavy metals such as mercury, copper, zinc and iron. Adult marine turtles have been found to accumulate cadmium, a known teratogenic and embryotoxic substance (Storellia et al. 2000). The effects of these substances on turtle health and reproduction are unknown; however, due to bioaccumulation, omnivorous Hawksbill and Flatback Turtles may be more prone to higher levels of these substances. Levels of cadmium were found to be naturally high in Barrow Island waters (two times higher than the ANZECC and ARMCANZ protection trigger levels) (Chevron Australia 2008) Natural Stressor Severe Weather The Pilbara and Kimberley regions of Western Australia between Exmouth and Broome are the most cyclone-prone regions in the southern hemisphere (Bureau of Meteorology [BOM] 2007). The cyclone season typically occurs between December and April each year (BOM 2007), coinciding with the peak marine turtle reproductive season in this region (Pendoley 2005a). Coastal habitats used by marine turtles are at risk from storm damage. In addition: abnormally high tides and waves generated by storms and cyclones may physically injure adult marine turtles at sea (MMS 2003), wash them inland (Limpus and Reed 1985), or wash them off beaches (MMS 2003) nesting turtles and hatchlings may become disorientated by altered beach profiles formed as a result of storm surges (Koch and Guinea 2006) developing embryos and hatchlings can drown in the nest by inundation with sea water or by increased sand depth over the nest (Agardy 1990; MMS 2003) Page 96 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

94 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: excessive rainfall may reduce viability of eggs (Martin 1996; Milton et al. 1994) while stormtossed beach debris may inhibit hatchling emergence (Agardy 1990) terrestrial run-off, which may flood nearshore waters following storms, can carry pollutants and sediments that may adversely affect food sources or reef-building communities (Agardy 1990). Opportunistic observations on Barrow Island following cyclones and heavy rainfall have shown Flatback Turtle hatchlings trapped in the nest as a result of natural events (K Pendoley, pers. obs.). The energy required to dig through saturated sand in the neck of the egg chamber can exhaust or prevent hatchlings escaping the nest. Nests have also been found plugged at the neck by a crusted layer of sand, believed to be a natural occurrence (K Pendoley, pers. obs.), sealing live hatchlings inside an egg chamber empty of sand, similar to that found by Pilcher (1999) on cement-impacted beaches in Saudi Arabia (also see Section ) Natural Stressor Land Predation Current natural predators of marine turtle eggs and hatchlings on Barrow Island have not been comprehensively documented. Varanid lizards have been described as a significant and serious predator of Flatback eggs and hatchlings in the Northern Territory, where one study found that 50 to 60% of clutches laid by Flatback Turtles were destroyed (Blamires and Guinea 2003). During the 2007/08 and 2008/09 nesting seasons on Barrow Island: varanid lizards predated 2 to 28% of the Flatback Turtle nests studied the Golden Bandicoot (Isoodon auratus) predated a large number of hatchlings, destroying approximately 11% of clutches laid (Pendoley Environmental 2008f). Natural predation levels at Barrow Island were not quantified prior to the arrival of permanent staff on the Island (ca. 1960s). Therefore, anthropogenic influences on predator populations cannot be assessed via historical records; however, any activity that leads to an increase in predator population could impact on nesting success. Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 97 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

95 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Management 5.1 Management Measures Overview As required to satisfy Condition 16.4 iv of Statement No. 800 and Condition 12.4.iv of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178, this section specifies design features, management measures and operating controls to manage, and, where practicable, to avoid adverse impacts to marine turtles from the proposal-related stressors identified in Section 4.0. These stressors will be managed during the construction and operations periods by implementing the mitigation measures identified in this section. This section provides a high-level overview for managing each stressor on marine turtles identified in Section 4.0. However, as required by Condition of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178, impacts on EPBC-listed species, including marine turtles, are also described, assessed, and managed via a number of activity and stressor-specific Environmental Management Plans (EMPs) required under the Ministerial Conditions (Ministerial EMPs; see Section 1.5.4). The principles of management measures for particular stressors on marine turtles in these other Ministerial EMPs are to be consistent with those described in this section. Note: As described in Section 1.5.7, MTEP only review the content of this Plan, the Dredging and Spoil Disposal Management and Monitoring Plan, and the Coastal Stability Management and Monitoring Plan. Therefore, the management measures contained in other Ministerial Plans that are relevant to marine turtles, are described within this Plan Ministerial Plans, Environmental Management Plans, Impact Mitigation Measures, and other Reports (Management Measures) In addition to this Plan, a number of other plans and reports have been developed for the Gorgon Gas Development that are required under State and/or Commonwealth Conditions (see Section 10.2). These documents apply across the entire Gorgon Gas Development to relevant scopes of work and relevant personnel working on the Development. Gorgon personnel, including contractors and subcontractors, involved in the Gorgon Gas Development are internally required to comply with the relevant Ministerial EMPs (including this Plan, if applicable), and/or the internal work-scope EMP associated with their scope of activity. Table 5-1 lists the EMPs and associated proposal-related stressors required under Statement No. 800 (and some required under EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178) that are relevant to this Plan. Table 5-1 EMPs and Associated Stressors as they Relate to Marine Turtles Horizontal Directional Drilling Management and Monitoring Plan Dredge and Spoil Disposal Management and Monitoring Plan Marine Facilities Construction Environmental Management Plan Physical Presence: MOF/jetty Light Vessel Movement Dredging Liquid Waste: Discharges Beach Stability Noise Vibration Dust Physical Presence: People X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Seawater Intake Blasting Page 98 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

96 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Solid and Liquid Waste Management Plan Coastal Stability Management and Monitoring Plan Air Quality Management Plan Offshore Feed Gas Pipeline Installation Management Plan Physical Presence: MOF/jetty X Light Vessel Movement Dredging Liquid Waste: Discharges Beach Stability Noise Vibration Dust Physical Presence: People Seawater Intake Blasting X X X X X X X X X X Offshore Domestic Gas Pipeline Installation Management Plan A number of other internal Chevron Australia documents will apply, where reasonably practicable. Impact Mitigation Strategies (IMSs) are internal management documents that describe the management standards associated with potential impacts for the Gorgon Gas Development during the Construction Period. Each IMS covers a particular environmental aspect that requires management (e.g. light, noise and vibration). Personnel (including contractors and subcontractors) involved in that particular scope of work are internally required to comply with the IMSs where reasonably practicable. The IMSs applicable to this Plan are listed in Table 5-2. Table 5-2 Impact Mitigation Strategies and Associated Stressors as they Relate to Marine Turtles (Construction phase) Physical Presence: MOF/jetty Light Vessel Movement Dredging Waste: Discharges Beach Stability Noise Vibration Dust Physical Presence: People Seawater Intake Blasting West coast and DomGas route (Upstream IMSs) Horizontal Directional Drilling Fluids and Cuttings X X Offshore Fauna Interaction X X Offshore Hazardous Materials Offshore Lighting Offshore Liquid Waste and Discharges X Offshore Noise and Vibration X X X X Onshore Atmospheric Emissions X X Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 99 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

97 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Physical Presence: MOF/jetty Light Vessel Movement Dredging Waste: Discharges Beach Stability Noise Vibration Dust Physical Presence: People Seawater Intake Blasting Onshore Fauna Interaction Onshore Hazardous Materials Onshore Lighting Onshore Liquid Waste X Onshore Noise and Vibration X X X Onshore Solid Waste Onshore Stormwater and Drainage Onshore Traffic and Access X X Pipeline Discharge X X Shipping and Navigation X X X X X East coast and MOF/jetty (Downstream IMSs) Benthic Habitats Offshore Fauna Interaction X X Offshore Hazardous Materials Offshore Lighting Offshore Liquid Waste and Discharges X Offshore Noise and Vibration X X X X Offshore Solid Waste Onshore Atmospheric Emissions Onshore Fauna Interaction Onshore Hazardous Materials Onshore Lighting Onshore Liquid Waste X Onshore Noise and Vibration X X X Onshore Solid Waste Onshore Stormwater and Drainage X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Other internal management documents that describe the management measures to be implemented during the Gorgon Gas Development are listed in Table 5-3. Page 100 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

98 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Table 5-3 Other Internal Documents and Associated Stressors as they Relate to Marine Turtles Physical Presence:- MOF/jetty Light Vessel Movement Dredging Waste: Discharges Beach Stability Noise Vibration Dust Physical Presence:- People Seawater Intake Blasting Turbidity Environmental Basis of Design X X X X X X Venting and Drainage Basis of Design X Fauna Handling and Management Common User Procedure Basis of Design for Lighting X X X X BOG (boil off gas) Light Flare Impacts and Mitigation Study X Reverse Osmosis Brine Disposal Ocean Outfall Environmental Management Plan ASBU Oil Spill Contingency Plan X X X X Risk Management Construction The management objectives, including safeguards where relevant for each stressor identified in Table 4-3 and Table 4-4, are briefly summarised below based on the highest ranked stressor assessed during the risk assessment workshop Managing Direct Proposal-related Stressors Medium Risks Light emissions Light emissions safeguards are described in Section Vessel Movement During construction, a number of vessels will operate around Barrow Island. Vessel management will be focused on ensuring that vessels navigate at speeds conducive to prevailing circumstances, which include visibility, tides/current, wind, available water depth, traffic density, construction/dredging activities, and environmental considerations. Navigational speed requirements will be subject to daily monitoring by dedicated Port Marine Staff and speed zones will be established as necessary. The risk of impact to marine turtles increases with an increase in vessel speed, shallow water, and reduced under keel clearance. In the opinion of the MTEP, vessel speed >10 knots can impact on marine turtles. Therefore, vessel speed will be restricted in the Barrow Island Port Area. Within this area, vessel speeds will be under the control of the Harbour Master who will ensure that all vessels operate in a safe manner with due respect paid to ongoing operations, navigational constraints, and environmental considerations. The Harbour Master will be advised of environmental matters from onsite environmental staff and/or vessel masters, including marine fauna observers (MFO), as applicable. Vessel speed will also be managed based on environmental conditions (e.g. turtle abundance observed in area), weather conditions, vessel manoeuvrability, and location of navigational hazards. Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 101 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

99 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Information relating to the management of vessel movement during dredging can be found in the Dredging and Spoil Disposal Management and Monitoring Plan (Chevron Australia 2009b). For management of vessel movement during construction of the East Coast Marine Facilities (i.e. MOF and Jetty), information can be found in the Marine Facilities Construction Environment Management Plan (Chevron Australia 2012b) Dredging Details relating to the operational controls and management of dredging (and dredge vessels), including safeguards as they apply to marine turtle management, were developed in consultation with the US Army Corp of Engineers. Dredge management is reported in the Dredging and Spoil Disposal Management and Monitoring Plan (Chevron Australia 2009b). The management of dredging, and in particular trailer suction hopper dredging, is based on these principles: Design features and operating procedures shall be used to manage and reduce injury and mortality to turtles. Operating procedures will be used to monitor injury and mortality of turtles. A response strategy will be developed to determine when dredging operations may be altered or suspended due to mortality, and, if suspended, when operations may recommence. Requirements will be developed for establishing and evaluating dredge-related turtle protection methods prior to the implementation of those methods as a dredge management measure Managing Direct Proposal-related Stressors Low Risk Liquid Waste Discharges The Solid and Liquid Waste Management Plan (Chevron Australia 2012c) has been developed to satisfy the requirements of Statement No. 800 Condition 30 and EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178 Condition 20; this plan outlines the management of solid and liquid waste for the Gorgon Gas Development. The operation of vessels engaged in and supporting dredging and other marine operations requires adherence to a number of standards in relation to effective management of waste material. Chevron Australia has an approved Marine Oil Pollution Plan, which covers all marine construction activities for the Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline, to ensure that, should an oil spill occur from Development activities, its impact upon the environment of the area is kept to a minimum. Where marine turtles become affected by waste discharges, reporting and action strategies will be aligned with those for marine fauna as detailed in the Fauna Handling and Management Common User Procedure (CUP) (Chevron Australia 2013a) Noise and Vibration Contractors are to comply with internal procedures for onshore and offshore noise and vibration during construction (Table 5-2). Marine noise and vibration during the dredging operation will be managed to reduce impacts to marine turtles following the approaches described in the Dredging and Spoil Disposal Management and Monitoring Plan (Chevron Australia 2009b). Information concerning the management of marine noise and vibration to reduce impacts to marine turtles during construction of the east coast Marine Facilities (i.e. MOF and Jetty) can be found in the Marine Facilities Construction Environment Management Plan (Chevron Australia 2012b). Page 102 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

100 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Marine noise and percussion related to activities associated with the construction of the Feed Gas Pipeline System Shoreline Crossing on the west coast of Barrow Island will be managed by measures consistent with those described in the Horizontal Directional Drilling Management and Monitoring Plan (Chevron Australia 2011). Offshore vibrations from airgun activity, related to seismic data acquisition, will be managed by the use of soft-start procedures to warn marine animals (including marine turtles) ahead of data recordings. Airgun pops will be of low energy to reduce noise levels. Where practicable, these activities shall be scheduled out of the nesting season. Noise and vibration from the Gas Treatment Plant will be managed in the design stages and reduced, where practicable, by: prohibiting vehicle traffic on marine turtle nesting beaches unless directed by Chevron Australia (e.g. transport of marine turtle project equipment), and a permit to do so is obtained ensuring gas turbines have air inlet silencers, acoustic enclosures, and exhaust gas silencers for exhaust stacks implementing measures to reduce noise and vibration from pumps, where practicable (e.g. pumps will have acoustic blanket and motor enclosures) providing a exhaust gas silencer for the diesel engine for firewater pumps providing acoustic insulation on heating medium heater walls and a common exhaust gas silencer for bypass stack and Waste Heat Recovery Units ensuring the Emergency Diesel Generator Package includes an acoustic enclosure and exhaust gas silencer for the diesel engine ensuring facility piping has acoustic insulation on compressor suction/discharge/recycle piping, insulation on LNG/Mixed Refrigerant expander suction/discharge piping, acoustic insulation on large pump (>300 kw) suction/discharge/recycle piping, and acoustic insulation on high pressure drop valves and piping providing acoustic insulation for vibration isolation between piping and pipe supports monitoring routine noise and vibration Drilling and Blasting Blasting may occur on land or offshore. Onshore blasting will be managed by: developing a Blast Management Plan that identifies aspects that could potentially adversely impact marine turtles and includes measures to appropriately manage these impacts a single 'controlled blast' at a specified time of day. The 'controlled blast' will involve multiple detonations in multiple holes, but will be completed as a single blast. It will be timed to avoid the night-time nesting period. Offshore blasting will be managed to reduce impacts to marine turtles during construction of the east coast Marine Facilities (i.e. MOF and Jetty). A suitable exclusion zone will be set to manage impacts to marine turtles when blast size requirements are known. Blasting shall be undertaken during daylight hours. Design and operating procedures on drilling and blasting can be found in the Marine Facilities Construction Environment Management Plan (Chevron Australia 2012b) Atmospheric Emissions Dust Onshore dust will be managed by measures such as: Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 103 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

101 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX developing Contractor scope-specific Dust Management Procedures, where applicable, that identify sources of dust and appropriate mitigation measures in the immediate vicinities of known turtle nesting beaches during the peak nesting period where practicable, limiting uncovered areas susceptible to generating dust through the appropriate management of clearing, earthworks, and rehabilitation activities managing exposed areas that are likely to generate significant dust; e.g. sealing of selected used/high volume traffic roads, use of dust suppression measures (e.g. water or equivalent) on roads or open areas restricting vehicle speeds and minimising vehicular traffic as far as practicable rehabilitating cleared areas that are no longer required for operations, future works, or right of ways Physical Presence People During construction there will be a large workforce present both on and around the Island. Impacts to marine turtles due to human presence will be managed by: prohibiting recreational fishing during construction limiting beach access unless approved by Chevron Australia. Approved access may include one beach designated for recreational use (walking and jogging only), which is closed during turtle breeding and hatching season; and access to other beaches for environmental surveillance, beach clean-up activities, and oil spill response. conducting inductions and educational programs about marine turtles and beaches as habitats prohibiting vehicle access to beaches except under a permit to work, or as directed by Chevron Australia (e.g. transport of environmental monitoring equipment, for oil spill response) Seawater Intake and RO Brine Discharge The Reverse Osmosis Brine Disposal via Ocean Outfall Environmental Monitoring and Management Plan describes approaches to manage seawater intakes supplying water to the RO facilities and to reducing the potential for uptake or trapping of turtles by: locating pumps in caissons with screens to prevent ingress of marine turtles (permanent facility only) designing pump caissons with low velocity intakes (<0.1 m/s) implementing a regular inspection and maintenance program. An ocean outfall monitoring program checks that the RO plant operates within design and operating specifications; specified dilution of the plant s discharge stream occurs within the approved mixing zone; and water quality performance targets are met. Further detail is provided in a separate document (Reverse Osmosis Brine Disposal via Ocean Outfall Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan) (Chevron Australia 2013b). The firewater seawater intake pump will be screened. These pumps remain for emergency use, and are activated for fractional-flow testing approximately once a week, and full-flow testing approximately once a year Management of Risk Operations Management measures will be implemented during operations to mitigate potential impacts on marine turtles, as detailed below. Page 104 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

102 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Managing Direct Proposal-related Stressors Medium Risk Light Emissions Light emissions safeguards are described in Section Physical Presence (MOF/Jetty) The MOF is a solid structure that will divert marine turtles around it. The Gorgon Gas Development s marine turtle program that monitors nesting females will be used to assess changes to the spatial distribution of nesting on the beaches either side of the MOF. Future scope may include the monitoring of resident foraging marine turtles associated with the MOF and jetty to identify emerging/new or elevated risks from the foraging habitat created for these turtles. In addition, as required by Condition 25 of Statement No. 800 and Condition 18 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178, the beaches either side of Town Point, including those further south, will be monitored for beach profiles and sand characteristics that together may affect nesting patterns or nesting success. Baseline data on profile and sand characteristics are being collected on the structure and stability of east coast beaches adjacent to the MOF through the Coastal Stability Management and Monitoring Plan (Chevron Australia 2009a). The intent of these data are to provide pre-construction information that can be used to assess whether changes occur to the beaches on the east coast that may be associated with the construction of the MOF and jetty Vessel Movement Management of vessel movements during the operations phase of the Gorgon Gas Development will be similar to that imposed during construction; however, the number and frequency of vessel movements will be significantly less than those experienced during construction. Safeguards to manage vessel movement will include, but not be limited to: Maintain a marine fauna observer (MFO) on watch during vessel movements close to shore where there are proposal-related stressors, and during times of high marine turtle activity (September to March). Environmental awareness (including education on marine fauna behaviour, avoidance, and what to do in an incident) will be part of an awareness program. While vessel operators will be trained as MFOs, there will be one delegated member to act as MFO. If fauna are spotted, the vessel will follow fauna avoidance procedures, where this is practicable. For vessels moving at slow speeds, such as supply vessels and tugs, MFOs will not be used during operations because such vessels will be travelling at slow speeds. The risk of impact to marine turtles increases with an increase in vessel speed, shallow water, and reduced under keel clearance. In the opinion of the MTEP, vessel speed >10 knots can impact on marine turtles. Therefore, vessel speed will be restricted in the Barrow Island Port Area. Within this area, vessel speeds will be under the control of the Harbour Master who will ensure that all vessels operate in a safe manner with due respect paid to ongoing operations, navigational constraints, and environmental considerations. The Harbour Master will be advised of environmental matters from onsite environmental staff and/or vessel masters, including marine fauna observers, as applicable. Vessel speed will also be managed based on environmental conditions (marine turtle abundance observed in the area), weather conditions, vessel manoeuvrability, and location of navigational hazards. Where practicable, anchoring or mooring shall be used in preference to leaving engines, thrusters and auxiliary plant equipment in stand-by or running mode. Access during operations will be restricted to designated areas in the waters around Barrow Island, based on the need for operational activities. All vessels shall operate in accordance with appropriate industry and equipment standards Dredging Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 105 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

103 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX During the operations phase of the Gorgon Gas Development, maintenance dredging will be required for the dredge path and berthing pockets. Dredging management procedures will align with those employed during construction, recognising the risks and practicable management measures as they apply to a maintenance dredging program, and with the benefit of lessons learned from the dredging undertaken during the Construction Period Managing Direct Proposal-related Stressors Low Risk Liquid Waste Discharges The Solid and Liquid Waste Management Plan (Chevron Australia 2012c) describes approaches to manage liquid waste discharges from vessels, during construction and operations, as required by Statement No. 800 Condition 30 and EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178 Condition 20. These management approaches aim to achieve, where practicable: no unauthorised overboard disposal of waste from marine vessels MARPOL compliance (where relevant to the vessel). Where marine turtles become injured from waste discharges from vessels, reporting and action strategies will be aligned with those for marine fauna, as detailed in the Fauna Handling and Management Common User Procedure (CUP) (Chevron Australia 2013a) Noise and Vibration Marine noise and vibration will be managed and reduced, where practicable, by: operating all vessels in accordance with appropriate industry and equipment noise and vibration standards, where practicable avoiding leaving engines, thrusters and auxiliary plants in stand-by or running mode unnecessarily, where possible managing offshore vibrations from airgun activity, related to seismic data acquisition, by using soft-start procedures to warn marine animals (including marine turtles) ahead of data recordings. Airgun pops will be of low energy to reduce noise levels. Noise and vibration from the Gas Treatment Plant will be managed during operations and reduced, where practicable, by: prohibiting vehicle access to beaches unless under a permit to work, or as directed by Chevron Australia (e.g. transport of marine turtle project equipment, beach clean-up, oil spill response) implementing measures to reduce noise and vibration from pumps, where practicable (e.g. pumps will have acoustic blanket and motor enclosures) monitoring routine noise and vibration Physical Presence People The operational workforce will be much smaller than the construction workforce. The operational workforce will be a permanent rotational workforce, compared to the large casual contingent during construction management. Specific seasonal restrictions on access to marine turtle nesting beaches by people or vehicles will be implemented for the operational phase of the Gorgon Gas Development Seawater Intake and RO Brine Discharge The Reverse Osmosis Brine Disposal via Ocean Outfall Environmental Monitoring and Management Plan describes approaches to manage seawater intakes supplying water to the RO facilities and to reducing the potential for uptake or trapping of turtles by: Page 106 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

104 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: locating pumps in caissons with screens to reduce the ingress of marine turtles (permanent only) designing pump caissons with low velocity intakes (<0.1 m/s) implementing a regular inspection and maintenance program. An ocean outfall monitoring program checks that RO facilities operate within design and operating specifications; specified dilution of the discharge streams occurs within the approved mixing zone; and water quality performance targets are met. Further detail is provided in a separate document (Reverse Osmosis Brine Disposal via Ocean Outfall, Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan (Chevron Australia 2013b). Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 107 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

105 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Light Emissions 6.1 Overview This section provides an overview of the lighting management strategies and measures that are intended to be applied throughout the design, construction, operations and decommissioning phases, and associated lighting design features aimed at avoiding adverse lighting impacts on marine turtles. This section addresses the requirement of Condition 16.4iv Statement No. 800 and Condition 12.4.iv of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178, to specify design features, management measures and operating controls to manage, and, where practicable, to avoid adverse impacts to the marine turtles including consideration of these options related to light emissions: shrouding lights, including ships and other vessels relocating or shrouding flares. As a requirement of condition 16.5 and EPBC Act conditions 12.5, if new information on design features or operating controls becomes available and, if these are reasonably practicable, the Proponent will actively propose and implement improvements to any of those lighting design features, management measures or operating controls, in accordance with Condition 36 of Statement No. 800 and Condition 25 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/ Scope The scope of this section covers the management of artificial light associated with both marine and terrestrial facilities and infrastructure during the Construction and Operations Phases of the Gorgon Gas Development. Specifically, the steps taken to adequately manage artificial light include: an overview of the regional environment features that contribute to artificial lighting effects on native fauna, including a summary of the potential effects of lighting an overview of relevant facilities, activities, and Gorgon Gas Development attributes that contribute to artificial lighting effects on native fauna, including a summary of the potential effects of lighting details of the light management strategies and measures to be implemented, including lighting basis of design features such as spectral properties and recommended illuminance levels for proposed lighting of marine and terrestrial facilities an overview of the process for managing impacts to marine turtles an analysis of light mitigation options details of associated monitoring programs, remedial strategies, and further studies. The potential effects of light from the Gorgon Gas Development infrastructure on nesting marine turtles, and hatchling survivorship and orientation within the coastal zone has been, and continues to be, an important component of the plant lighting design. The principles relating to how lighting is managed include: understanding the risks to reduce these to As Low As Reasonably Practicable (ALARP) ensuring safe and reliable operations during both the construction and operations phases reducing environmental impacts complying with applicable legislation and standards. Page 108 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

106 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Relevant Laws, Regulations, Standards, and Guidelines (Operating Controls) During the development of this section the following laws, regulations, codes, standards, and guidelines were taken into account: Western Australia Occupational Safety and Health Regulations 1996 Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA), Marine Order, Part 32, Cargo Handling Equipment, Issue 2, Compilation No. 1, Appendix 2 Lighting 2007 AS/NZS :2005 Lighting for Roads and Public Spaces Pedestrian Area (Category P) Lighting Performance and Design Requirements Australian Standard (AS) 1680 Series Interior and Workplace Lighting AS/NZS :1998 Interior and Workplace Lighting AS Emergency Escape Lighting and Exit Signs for Buildings AS 2560 Sports Lighting (Series) Environmental Basis of Design (Chevron Australia 2008b) Dredging and Spoil Disposal Monitoring and Management Plan (Chevron Australia 2009b) Marine Facilities Construction Environmental Management Plan (Chevron Australia 2012b) Guidelines for the Design of Quarantine Approved Premises (Chevron Australia 2009c) Light Spill Modelling Study 2008 (included in the PER) (Chevron Australia 2008) Safety in Design Incorporating Human Factors (Chevron Corporation 2007b) Grey Manual Electrical Manual Section 1200 Lighting (Chevron Corporation 1990) Basis of Design for Lighting (Chevron Australia 2007b) Basis of Design for LNG Jetty (Kellogg Joint Venture Gorgon [KJVG] 2008a) Materials Offloading Facility Basis of Design (KJVG 2008b) Basis of Design for Electrical Power Systems (KJVG 2008c) Quarantine Approved Premises Basis of Design (Chevron Australia 2008c) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Lighting of Work Places (Part 3): Lighting Requirements for Safety and Security of Outdoor Work Places (ISO 2006) International Commission on Illumination (CIE) 13.2 Method of Measuring and Specifying Colour Rendering Properties of Light Sources (CIE 1998) Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (IESNA) Marine Lighting (IESNA 1997) American Petroleum Institute (API) 540 Electrical Installations in Petroleum Processing Plants (API 1990) Oil Companies International Marine Forum (OCIMF) Guidance for Oil Terminal Operators, International Maritime Organisation International Ship and Port Facility Security Code (ISPS Code) (OCIMF 2003) International Safety Guide for Oil Tankers and Terminals (ISGOTT 2006) Maritime and Coastguard Agency of UK (MCA) Code of Safe Working Practices for Mariners (MCA 2004) Sea Turtle Light Glow Arena Experiments (Pendoley Environmental 2007a) Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 109 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

107 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Florida Marine Research Institute (FMRI) Technical Report TR-2 Understanding, Assessing, and Resolving Light-Pollution Problems on Sea Turtle Nesting Beaches, Florida Department of Environmental Protection (Witherington and Martin 1996) Ministerial Plans, Environmental Management Plans, Impact Mitigation Measures, and other Reports (Management Measures) In addition to this section on lighting, Table 5-1 lists the EMPs associated with light management strategies. Internal Chevron Australia documents (IMSs) applicable to light are listed in Table 5-2. Other internal management documents that describe the management measures related to light are listed in Table 5-3. The risk assessments have identified key areas where there is potential for lighting and/or light spill to impact marine turtles: MOF and Jetty Marine Vessels Gas Treatment Plant Boil-off Gas (BOG) Flare Ground Flares Temporary Construction Facilities, onshore and offshore Construction Village Operations Village Site Operations Centre. 6.2 Lighting Management Strategies and Management Measures The lighting management strategies are the management actions, including specific design and operational controls, that are intended to apply during each phase of the Gorgon Gas Development. These strategies should enable achievement of the desired outcomes stemming from the protection of the environmental values of Barrow Island and the protection of the health and the safety of personnel working on the Island. The lighting management strategies include the following hierarchy of controls, starting with the most efficient through to the least efficient: Elimination: Removing the stressor (e.g. removal/elimination of a light source, or its complete shielding). Substitution: Replacing a more hazardous characteristic of the stressor with a less hazardous one (e.g. change in spectral properties of lighting). Reduction: Reducing the amount/dose or duration of time that the stressor is active (e.g. reducing the amount of light escaping from a light source by shielding, shrouding or screening). Administrative Controls: These include operating procedures designed to restrict exposure to the stressor, or monitoring one or more of its properties, etc Overview of Guiding Principles for Lighting Management Strategies The key guiding principles adopted as a basis for selecting the lighting management strategies, as well as management measures and lighting design features, include: Page 110 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

108 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: lighting management shall, where reasonably practicable to do so, start with complete darkness and add light necessary for safety, operational, and environmental protection requirements understanding the risks to safety and environment and reducing these to ALARP ensuring safe and reliable operations are maintained during the construction, operations and decommissioning phases considering the cumulative effects of light (e.g. reflective light salt spray illuminated by reflective and direct light) in lighting design enclosing facilities, where practicable, to eliminate light spill complying with applicable legislation and standards. In addition, other important factors that have assisted with the development of lighting management strategies include: results of completed risk assessments that focused on the marine turtle life cycle stages (e.g. nesting females, eggs, hatchlings, residents) results of completed ecological baseline monitoring studies, in particular on marine turtle hatchling behaviour in response to light type results of light spill modelling studies results of light glow and wavelength experiments with marine turtle hatchlings applicable information from literature reviews and advice from subject matter experts in the field of lighting and marine turtles. Details of the lighting management strategies, as well as management measures and lighting design features, that are to be implemented for the Gorgon Gas Development, are outlined in the following sections. 6.3 Construction Lighting Management Strategies and Management Measures Onshore Construction Lighting Management Strategies and Measures The focus of the onshore construction lighting management strategies and measures is to adequately manage artificial light sources used during onshore clearing and construction activities, so as to avoid adverse lighting impacts on marine turtles. These lighting measures include engineering controls and administrative (operating) controls, as outlined below, and apply to equipment associated with night-time activities during the times of high marine turtle activity (September to March) only Engineering Controls (Design Features) Mitigation strategies will be used to manage artificial light spill during onshore construction activities. An Artificial Lighting Management Procedure will be included in construction management plans, where required. This procedure will be implemented internally, where practicable, to address how light spill from artificial lighting can be reduced without compromising the safe execution of the program. This procedure will include requirements such as: Light Location and Direction: Lights will be directed solely onto work areas (i.e. use of spotlights instead of flood lights). Lights will be mounted as low as practicable. Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 111 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

109 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Shielded light fittings and directional lights will be used to manage light spill. Downward-facing lights will be used to manage horizon glow. Louvered bollards, low height flat beam technology luminaires, poles and structure mounted fittings are acceptable. Lights will be directed away from reflective surfaces (including large equipment, offices and storage containers) to reduce glow effects. Parking areas/roadways will be located in such a way as to prevent vehicle headlights illuminating beach areas, where practicable. Acceptable Lighting Types (subject to operational safety requirements): Light types that are least disruptive to marine turtles will be used where lights or glow remain visible to turtles, i.e. yellow lighting in the colour spectrum mainly greater than 560 nm wavelength with a Colour Rendition Index (CRI) greater than 20 Ra. Pedestrian lighting within the Construction Village will use light emitting diodes (LED), high pressure sodium with dichroic filter, or yellow fluorescent luminaires. Pedestrian lighting poles may only be used with LED-type luminaires or other luminaires that give an equivalent or better environmental performance. Lighting for outdoor sports facilities: LED or metal halide lights may be used for sports pitch lighting, as higher colour rendition (CRI of 65 Ra minimum) is required due to the need for peripheral vision (e.g. fast ball sports). All sports lighting luminaires will have light spill shielding. Outdoor sports/swimming pool lighting requires higher luminaire mounting heights (e.g. approximately 10 to 14 m) and wattages (e.g. ranging from 400 W to 1000 W). However, this lighting will have downward light output with additional shielding where necessary, and shall be located within the Construction Village. Sports lighting will be manually switched on and off; will switch off when programmed to do so via an automatic time switch at 10:00 pm; and will be supplied by the non-essential power supply. Sports lighting will not be used past 10:00 pm; it may be turned off earlier if not required so as to reduce night-time light emissions. Light Reduction Techniques: Measures for minimising light spill from outdoor sources will be adopted where practicable; e.g. use of artificial or natural screens, recessing light sources, lowering light mounting heights, locating lights such that they are naturally blocked/shielded by equipment and/or structures. Unnecessary lighting, as determined by Chevron Australia, shall not be used, including lights in unused areas, decorative lighting, or lighting that is brighter than needed for the task being carried out. Measures for minimising light spill from indoor sources will be adopted where practicable, such as minimising the number of windows facing the coastline or beach areas, using window treatments (e.g. tinting, curtains, opaque blinds), and dimming interior lights. Where practicable, timers and motion sensors will be used to turn off lights when not in use (e.g. sunset switch on, timer off for lighting used for walkways, car parks, and roads) Administrative (Operating) Controls The following administrative (operating) controls will be implemented during the onshore Construction Period, where practicable: Page 112 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

110 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Lighting Management Procedure: A Lighting Management Procedure shall be developed and included in contractor management plans, where relevant. The procedure shall incorporate the mitigation strategies outlined within the LTMTMP (this Plan). Contractor Management: Where relevant, lighting management plans will be reviewed and approved by Chevron Australia or EPCM prior to inclusion in contractor management plans. Regular worksite inspections will take place throughout the year to assess compliance with the Lighting Management Procedure, with targeted inspections during the marine turtle hatchling season (January to April), to ensure the light management strategies and measures are in place and effective. The Engineering, Procurement and Construction Management (EPCM) contractor will maintain a single register of worksite inspections and make the register available to Chevron Australia on request (e.g. in the internal monthly health, environment and safety [HES] report). Chevron Australia and EPCM contractor inductions shall address the relevant lighting management strategies and measures outlined within the LTMTMP, and the potential effects lighting may have on marine turtles. Timing of Construction Activities: Where practicable, night shift activities will be scheduled to avoid the marine turtle nesting and hatchling seasons. Monitoring: Ongoing ecological and light monitoring programs shall be implemented as outlined in Section 7.0 and the results compared to applicable baseline data Offshore Construction Lighting Management Strategies and Measures The objective of the offshore construction lighting management strategies and measures is to adequately manage artificial light sources from construction and support vessels used during offshore construction activities, so as to manage adverse lighting impacts on marine turtles. These lighting measures include engineering controls and administrative (operating) controls, as outlined below, and apply to those vessels operating within a 20 km radius of nesting beaches during times of high marine turtle activity (September to March) only Engineering Controls (Design Features) These mitigation strategies will be used to manage artificial light spill during marine construction activities, where practicable: Audits of specified vessels will be undertaken prior to mobilisation to identify potential strategies to reduce artificial light spill from vessels. Routine audits to assess compliance with the Artificial Lighting Management Procedure will be undertaken by Chevron Australia and/or the EPCM Contractor. The EPCM contractor will maintain a single register of worksite inspections and make the register available to Chevron Australia on request (e.g. in the internal monthly HES report) Administrative (Operating) Controls These administrative (operating) controls will be implemented during marine construction activities, where practicable: Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 113 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

111 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Timing of Construction Activities: Where practicable, loading and unloading of equipment and materials in coastal areas will be conducted during daylight hours only. Where this is not practicable, artificial lighting will be provided and lighting levels will be reduced to the level required to maintain safe operations. Procedures: An Artificial Lighting Management Procedure will be developed and included in contractor management plans, where relevant. This procedure will be implemented internally, where practicable, to address how light spill from artificial lighting can be reduced without compromising the safe execution of the program. It will include requirements such as: Outside artificial lighting on vessels will be kept to a minimum (i.e. navigational lights and necessary lighting as required for safety). Lighting will be switched off when not in use and automatic timers/sensors will be installed where practicable. Shielded light fittings, directed lights, and/or artificial or natural screens will be used where practicable. Temporary artificial lighting will be mounted as low as practicable and focused on areas being worked on. Where colour definition is not required for safety or operational purposes, lighting types that are least disruptive to turtles will be used. Where minimal colour definition is required, shielded reduced spectrum type light will be used. Accommodation windows and portholes will have blinds or curtains fitted to block out artificial light emissions from vessels. Research: To understand the effects of hatchling congregation in light spill, a protocol will be developed and implemented periodically by the MFO, and the results will be discussed with the MTEP (Table 7-7). The requirement to continue light spill hatchling surveys for the following season, including any additional light management requirements, will be determined using the results of the survey in consultation with the MTEP. Ongoing ecological and light monitoring programs shall be implemented as outlined in Section 7.0 and the results compared to applicable baseline data. Adaptive management may be applied using the information gained from these monitoring programs Start-up and Commissioning Lighting Management Strategies and Measures The focus of the start-up and commissioning lighting management strategies and measures is to adequately manage artificial lighting sources during start-up and commissioning activities so as to avoid adverse lighting impacts on marine turtles. These include engineering controls and administrative (operating) controls, as outlined below, and apply to equipment associated with night-time activities during times of high marine turtle activity (September to March) only Engineering Controls (Design Features) The engineering controls for lighting management during the construction period of the Gorgon Gas Development are intended to continue to apply during the start-up and commissioning phase. These controls are listed in Sections and Page 114 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

112 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: In addition, as areas of the Gas Treatment Plant are commissioned, the engineering controls provided for the operations phase of the Gorgon Gas Development will also apply. These controls are listed in Section 6.4. The use of portable lighting in Plant areas is governed by the requirements for the use of portable lighting outlined in the engineering controls for the operations phase of the Gorgon Gas Development Administrative (Operating) Controls The administrative controls for the areas of the Plant still under construction during the start-up and commissioning phase are intended to be the same controls as implemented during the Construction Period. These controls are listed in Sections and In addition, as areas of the Gas Treatment Plant are commissioned, the engineering controls provided for the operations phase of the Gorgon Gas Development will also apply. These controls are listed in Section Operations Lighting Management Strategies and Measures The focus of the operations lighting management strategies and measures is to adequately manage artificial light sources from operations facilities and infrastructure so as to avoid adverse lighting impacts on marine turtles. These lighting measures include engineering controls and administrative (operating) controls, as outlined below, and apply to equipment associated with night-time activities during times of high marine turtle activity (September to March) only. The Lighting Basis of Design document (Chevron Australia 2007b) guided the design and construction of operational lighting. Operational procedures will be adjusted following annual audits and monitoring results. The Lighting Basis of Design document defines four lighting classifications used in the design of facilities (management of the level of lighting), and lighting technology Gas Treatment Plant and Associated Terrestrial and Marine Infrastructure Engineering Controls (Design Features) The safety objectives for the Gas Treatment Plant require safe and adequate lighting levels to ensure hazards can be identified and safe operations (including access and egress) can occur. However, environmental objectives to mitigate effects to marine turtles require a dark horizon. As a result of these conflicting requirements, the development of the operations lighting management strategy has used a multi-layered engineering approach, which relies on a variety of elimination, substitution, and reduction engineering design measures that consider the principles of the lighting strategy (Section 6.1) in terms of safety, operability, and environmental protection. Four Lighting Regimes are intended to be adopted and implemented to reduce levels of external artificial light within the designed process and utilities areas on the Gas Treatment Plant: Normal Lighting: This is intended to form the normal ingress and egress lighting system and will normally be on at night when the Plant is operational; it will be photocell controlled. Normal lighting intensity is intended to be maintained at an average of 20 lux in process areas and at 1 lux along walkways and general areas. Under normal operating conditions, only the luminaires designated as Normal and Normal/Emergency should be on as they will be photocell controlled. Some of the normal lighting luminaires will be designed as emergency lighting and on loss of main power are expected to remain lit to ensure an average illumination of 10 lux along escape routes and a minimum of 1 lux along the centreline of the escape routes in the area (as measured at ground level). Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 115 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

113 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Area Task Lighting: This is intended to be supplied from the main distribution system and will normally be off and only switched on to provide the necessary task lighting when required. This lighting is intended to be organised into discrete work areas on floor levels (e.g. Ground, Compressor Deck and Fin Fan Deck) to further manage the potential for light spill. The control of switching lighting on and off shall be manual, with remote indication at the Central Control Room. When a specific maintenance task needs to be carried out in the area, the designated T (task lighting) luminaires will be switched on manually by the operator on entering the work area. This is intended to increase the general illumination in the area to the levels required for the safe execution of the work. Task lighting levels will vary according to the area and the equipment within that area, and are to comply with recommended levels in the internal Safety in Design manual (Chevron Corporation 2007b). Safety Lighting: The Central Control Room and other critical operations areas are intended to have safety lighting at 20 lux minimum within 0.5 seconds on loss of main power. This lighting shall be battery-backed luminaires. Emergency Lighting: This is intended to be supplied to facilitate a safe and orderly evacuation from an area in the event of total power failure along escape routes. Emergency escape lighting design shall be incorporated into normal lighting, thus reducing the total number of installed luminaires. During Gas Treatment Plant maintenance shutdown/turnaround periods, temporary lighting may be used to complement the normal task lighting provided for that area. Segregation of Gas Treatment Plant lighting into two working lighting regimes, i.e. normal lighting and task lighting has the following benefits for managing light spill: General illumination levels at the Gas Treatment Plant under the normal lighting regime is to be on average at least 50% of the illumination levels if the Plant were to be lit to task lighting levels as most oil and gas facilities in the world (see Figure 6-1 and Figure 6-2). The Gas Treatment Plant can further be subdivided into smaller work areas for task lighting purposes, which allows the higher lighting levels associated with task lighting to be confined to a small area of the Plant where maintenance or other work activities take place. Figure 6-1 Typical Oil and Gas Facility Illuminated at Task Lighting Levels Page 116 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

114 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Figure 6-2 Typical Oil and Gas Facility Illuminated to Normal Lighting Levels (20 lux) Shielding and Screening of Lighting Shielding of lighting can be achieved via improvements in the design of the luminaire, which can effectively contain and focus the light onto the areas where it is required. More and more manufacturers provide shielded luminaires. The best lighting technology in this respect is LED luminaires, but they need to be certified for use in hazardous areas. Similarly, fluorescent luminaires can also be shielded and provide focused, non-diffused light. An example of a shielded luminaire, although not applicable for use in the process modules, is the flatbeam technology illustrated in Figure 6-3. Figure 6-3 Example of a Shielded Luminaire Screening or shielding luminaires is another risk reduction measure, which effectively uses a solid wall or barrier to contain the light where it is needed and prevent it spilling to the surrounding environment. Further screening of lighting around modules or equipment in the Gas Treatment Plant will be undertaken after the equipment has been installed and the actual light spill from the Plant assessed, if required. An illustration of the effects of screening/shielding of Plant lighting on the light spilling from a typical oil and gas facility is shown in Figure 6-4. Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 117 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

115 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Figure 6-4 Typical Oil and Gas Facility Illuminated to Normal Lighting Levels (20 lux) but Illustrating the Effect of Plant Light Screening/ Shielding Note: Compare to Figure Use of Non-Reflective Paints Matt, non-glossy and non-reflective paints will, where practicable, be used for equipment and structures within the Gas Treatment Plant and associated marine and terrestrial infrastructure, including the Site Operations Centre, MOF and Jetty Colour Spectrum The wavelength of light, or colour spectrum, is an important design parameter to manage light emissions. For marine turtle impact management purposes, a wavelength of 560 nm and greater is preferred (yellow to red colours); however, colour rendition, or the ability to faithfully reproduce colours under a given illumination, can be affected as the light source becomes more monochromatic. Under monochromatic light, some colours such as yellow, red, green and blue (typically colours used on safety signs) could either completely disappear or change to a different colour, which could lead to compromising the safety systems of a facility. Poor colour rendition could also affect the colours of colour-coded hazardous piping, or colour-coded electrical wiring, which could pose safety hazards. The degree of colour distortion is indicated using the colour rendition index (CRI) and/or the colour rendition grading system (this is relevant to a continuous spectrum reference light source, typically daylight). The international standard ISO Lighting Requirements for Safety and Security of Outdoor Workplaces (ISO 2006) requires a minimum CRI of 20 Ra or greater. The indicative properties of the luminaires selected for normal, task, safety and emergency lighting are presented in Table 6-1. Page 118 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

116 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Table 6-1 Selected Luminaire Properties and Application in Gas Treatment Plant Lighting Regimes Lighting Regime Normal Lighting (photocell controlled/ continuously on) Task Lighting (switched on when required/monitored from Central Control Room) Emergency Lighting (activated on loss of mains power supply) Safety Lighting (external areas) Safety Lighting (internal lighting within Central Control Room, emergency equipment room, etc.) Temporary Portable Lighting (to be specified in Operating and Maintenance/Turndown Procedures) Within 500 m of Beach (East of Road U04) Indicative Luminaire Wavelength [nm] Yellow 1 (mainly >560 nm) Yellow 1, 3 (mainly >560 nm) Yellow 1 (mainly >560 nm) Yellow 4 (mainly >560 nm) Indicative CRI [Ra] Approx Yellow 1 Approx. 36 1, 3 for yellow light Outside 500 m of Beach (East of Road U04) Indicative Indicative Luminaire CRI Wavelength [Ra] [nm] Approx (mainly >560 nm) Warm White nm Approx Yellow 1 Approx Yellow 4 (mainly >560 nm) (mainly >560 nm) >51 White White Warm White nm >51 Warm White nm Approx Approx Notes: 1. The best commercially available and proven technology luminaire that satisfies the requirements for a wavelength output of greater than 560 nm and CRI greater than 20 Ra is the yellow-coloured fluorescent tube (016 Yellow Special), which emits light in the spectrum between 520 and 700 nm, peaking at 580 nm, and has a CRI of 36 Ra (see Figure 6-5). 2. Luminaires in the warm white colour spectrum have been selected for task lighting in the areas outside 500 m of the beach (east of road U04). As seen in Figure 6-6, the warm white spectrum contains a couple of peaks in the blue light spectrum at around wavelengths of 400 and 440 nm (which improve the CRI) with the majority of the light output in the yellow and red colour spectrum peaking at around 580 nm. These luminaires should not necessarily be restricted to fluorescent lights only; High Pressure Sodium-vapour (HPS) or LED lights (if the LED technology becomes available and certified for use in hazardous areas) in the same colour spectrum may need to be used. 3. Due to the greater operational complexity and hazards around rotating equipment such as pumps and compressors, warm white lighting should be used for task lighting for areas within 500 m of the beach, such as the BOG compressor, the condensate area pumps, and the wastewater treatment plant. 4. Central Control Room lighting will be white i.e. all indoor safety lighting is white; all external safety lighting will be yellow as per the table. Areas requiring external safety lighting such as emergency equipment shelters, etc. are to be defined by Gorgon Operations. 5. Source: The requirement to provide lighting with a Colour Rendition Index (CRI) of 20 or greater comes from ISO >51 Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 119 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

117 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Figure 6-5 Yellow Colour Fluorescent Tube Spectrum Figure 6-6 Warm White Colour Fluorescent Tube Spectrum Special Light Management Cases Roads Designated escape routes will be illuminated to 10 lux average and 1 lux minimum along the centreline of roads. The emergency lighting on these roads will use the yellow spectrum as shown in Figure 6-5. The use of reflective signs and posts to guide vehicle traffic will be adopted as a management measure as part of the design of roadways. Plant perimeter roads and roads in uncongested areas on the Plant are also designated as escape routes, but their safety objectives regarding lighting are intended to be achieved via delineation of those roads on both sides by low-level emergency luminaires (e.g. yellow or red LED stud lights, or similar; see Figure 6-7 and Figure 6-8). Note: Pole-mounted luminaires shall be used for illuminating escape routes in the Plant, where required for motor vehicle safety. Page 120 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

118 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Figure 6-7 Example of Road Delineation Lighting using LED Studs Figure 6-8 Example of Road Delineation Bollards Special Light Management Cases Tanks For the LNG, condensate, amine and monoethylene glycol (MEG) storage tanks, emergency lighting circuits will be incorporated into the normal lighting circuits and switched on manually. Task lighting will be provided at the top of the tank and in areas around the tanks, as required. This arrangement means that the tank roofs remain effectively dark unless (in unplanned circumstances) work is required at night. LNG tanks, because of their height, need to be marked as aviation hazards and shall be provided with red flashing light beacons in accordance with aviation safety requirements. The direction, colour and flickering mode of these lights render them harmless to turtles. Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 121 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

119 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Special Light Management Cases Areas within 500 m of the Beach For areas within 500 m of the beach, only emergency lighting and normal lighting in areas of rotating equipment is intended to be switched on at night via a failsafe photocell controlled contactor. Normal and task lighting will be manually switched by an operator entering the area. Lighting within 500 m of the beach is intended to be in a colour spectrum mainly greater than 560 nm with a CRI greater than 20 Ra, with the exception of task lighting for BOG compressor and pumps in that area Special Light Management Cases Normally Dark Areas Areas of the Plant that are normally dark at night include the inlet facilities area west of the Acid Gas Removal Units and the CO 2 Injection Trains. Normal, task, and emergency lighting will be provided in these areas, although normal and task lighting will be switched on manually under routine operating conditions there should be no operations personnel working in these areas. Only emergency lighting is intended to be on at all times in these areas, with the exception of BOG Compressor, Waste Water Treatment Plant, Condensate Pumps and Refrigerant Storage where normal lighting will be on at night Special Light Management Cases Buildings and Parking Areas The Quarantine Approved Premises (QAP) external areas shall be unlit except for shielded lighting at personnel entrances and along defined footpaths to buildings, which will be in the colour spectrum greater than 560 nm with a CRI greater than 20 Ra. Escape routes and signage at the QAP are intended to be illuminated with LED solar-powered studs, and electricity, respectively. Doors to buildings and windows, where practicable, are intended to be located on the western-facing sides of buildings; windows on the sea-facing side of buildings will be managed to reduce internal light spill or will be provided with louvres or shutters. Car parking areas shall not be lit at the Gas Treatment Plant and administration area, unless required for safe operation. Pedestrian areas around car parks will be locally lit with low-level bollard lighting and will be mainly in a colour spectrum greater than 560 nm with a CRI greater than 20 Ra. Plant turnaround buildings will require low-level car park and pedestrian lighting in the colour spectrum greater than 560 nm with a CRI greater than 20 Ra, due to increased activities in those areas Special Light Management Cases MOF Causeway, MOF and LNG Jetty The MOF and Jetty roads escape routes will have escape illumination marked with LED solarpowered studs, and will use electric safety signs indicating direction to the nearest muster point or safety equipment. There will be no lighting or illumination on the Jetty walkway if it is not a designated emergency escape route. The Jetty head task, normal, and emergency lighting will be switched locally, with the exception of primary and secondary escape routes where the emergency lighting shall be photocell controlled. Emergency lighting will be photocell controlled at the Jetty fire pump area. Lighting will generally be in a colour spectrum greater than 560 nm with a CRI greater than 20 Ra. Navigation-type lighting will be provided in accordance with marine safety standards. The MOF area is intended to be provided with normal and task lighting to the following specifications. Task lighting levels will comply with marine facilities legislations and standards, and is to: have a colour spectrum predominantly in the yellow region, but not limited to wavelengths >560 nm Page 122 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

120 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: be mounted low, shielded and focused on the task area to avoid spill onto the surrounding waters be limited to poles with a height of 4 m or less on the MOF (for elevated lights) be turned on for loading/unloading operations and maintenance activities on the MOF (e.g. dolphins and platform) and then turned off when not required Normal lighting (e.g. MOF border lights) will be photocell controlled and in a colour spectrum greater than 560 nm Administrative (Operating) Controls The following administrative (operating) controls will be implemented during the Operations Phase, where practicable: Monitor task lighting being switched on and off in the Plant. A graphic representation of the Plant is intended to be constantly displayed in the Central Control Room showing the areas of the Plant where task lighting is switched on. The Central Control Room operators will monitor the duration of task lighting in those areas and investigate any unusually prolonged activities. This information is intended to be automatically recorded and may be analysed for light management purposes. Use warm white colour spectrum lamps for additional lighting during major Plant shutdowns/turnarounds. This is intended to be specified in operating and maintenance procedures. Routinely monitor light levels around the Plant and maintain luminaires commensurate with the maintenance factor specified. Schedule major maintenance periods outside the marine turtle breeding season, where practicable, or if not, implement additional risk reduction measures such as minimisation of night-time work and use of local task area screening. Provide training to Gas Treatment Plant operators on the specific lighting conditions inside the Plant and the light management requirements during normal and task lighting regimes. Develop comprehensive educational and training programs for Gorgon Gas Development personnel that address: the relevant lighting management strategies and measures outlined within the LTMTMP the potential effects lighting has on marine turtles Ground Flares and BOG Flare Engineering Controls Ground Flares (Design Features) The engineering controls limiting the amount of light lost from the Ground Flares include: Install ground flares away from the beach. Provide louvered light spill and heat radiation shielding walls, at least 14 metres above ground level. Design the Plant for no routine flaring, excluding flare pilots and purge gas to ensure that this required critical safety system is available at all times. Reliability, Availability and Maintainability modelling indicates that non-routine flaring events may occur cumulatively over a period of 135 hours a year. Split flared gas flow between a large number of flare burners; reduce flame height by spreading gas over a larger area. Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 123 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

121 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Administrative (Operating) Controls Ground Flares The design basis for the Plant specifies no routine flaring during normal operations other than flare pilots and purged gas. Management measures for atmospheric emissions, including those released by non-routine flaring events, are described in the Air Quality Management Plan (Chevron Australia 2012f). This Plan is required by Condition 29.2 of Statement No. 800, and forms part of the Works Approval for the Gas Treatment Plant. The Environmental Protection Licence to Operate the Plant is expected to require the measurement, monitoring and reporting of any gas burnt during non-routine flaring. Therefore, each non-routine flaring event will be scrutinised when investigating deviations in hatchling orientation monitoring results Engineering Controls BOG Flare (Design Features) The engineering controls limiting the amount of light lost from the BOG flare include: Provide a BOG compressor to collect and compress the BOG from the LNG tanks and return it to the Gas Treatment Plant high pressure fuel gas system for reuse. Provide a BOG recycle compressor, which compresses the return BOG generated from the LNG carriers during LNG loading operations for reuse as fuel gas within the Gas Treatment Plant. Provide sparing by the BOG recycle compressor for the BOG compressor when not engaged in processing the return LNG vapour from the LNG carriers (when loading of LNG to an LNG carrier occurs), potentially reducing the duration of unplanned non-routine flaring events during holding mode. Implement a vertically-enclosed BOG flare design Administrative (Operating) Controls BOG Flare The following operational controls will, where practicable, be implemented to manage the amount of hydrocarbon gas flared and hence, the potential for direct light spill and light glow from the vertically-enclosed structure: Each non-routine flaring event is intended to be recorded. During warm LNG carrier de-inerting events, monitor the inert gas/methane mixture and divert it from the BOG flare to the BOG recycle compressor as soon as the inert gas ratio in the inert gas/methane mixture drops to levels suitable for uptake by the high pressure fuel gas system, thus reducing the duration of planned non-routine (carrier de-inerting) flaring events. Implement a preventive maintenance program and process control and monitoring systems to manage unplanned non-routine flaring events, where appropriate MOF and Jetty Engineering Controls (Design Features) The following engineering controls will be implemented during the Operations Phase, where practicable: Light Location and Direction: Mount lights as low as practicable. Use shielded light fittings and directional lights to manage light spill. Use downward-facing lights to manage horizon glow. Page 124 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

122 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Acceptable Lighting Types (subject to operational safety requirements): Use light types that are least disruptive to marine turtles, including long-wavelength (reduced spectrum) and low wattage lights. Where colour definition is not required for safety or operational purposes, use red or shielded monochromatic lights. Where minimal colour definition is required, use shielded reduced spectrum yellow/orange type lights. Provide navigation-type lighting in accordance with marine safety standards. Provide lighting that meets marine facilities legislation and standards. Light Reduction Techniques: Infrared motion detectors will be used for security surveillance Administrative (Operating) Controls The following administrative (operating) controls will be implemented during the operations phase, where practicable: At the MOF: During loading/unloading operations, lighting is not intended to be permanently on, but will be sufficient to provide safe ingress and egress route access. Vessel and barge loading/unloading will be conducted during daylight hours where practicable. Where this is not practicable, lighting will be reduced to the level required for safe operations as specified by applicable legislation and standards. Regular vessel lighting inspections shall be conducted, with targeted inspections during the marine turtle hatchling season. At the Jetty and on visiting LNG Vessels: During loading/unloading operations, lighting shall remain on. At all other times, lights shall be turned off. This requirement is based on: safety of personnel both LNG vessel crews and operations personnel security of personnel, facilities and property visual surveillance of waters around a vessel during cargo transfer operations is required to guard against potential waterborne threats environmental protection visual surveillance of waters around a vessel during cargo transfer operations is required to detect spills should they occur business impacts continuous production process and limited LNG storage capacity necessitates 24-hour shipping operations. Regular vessel lighting inspections shall be conducted, with targeted inspections during the marine turtle hatchling season Marine Vessels Engineering Controls (Design Features) Operations tugs and support vessels are intended to be fit for purpose, and the following engineering controls will be implemented during the operations phase, where practicable: Light Location and Direction: Lights shall be directed solely onto work areas (i.e. use of spotlights instead of flood lights). Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 125 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

123 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Overboard lighting may be installed but will only be used when required (e.g. search light). Deck lights will be installed as low as practicable and directed away from the edge of the deck, for safe personnel and vessel operations. Shielded light fittings and directional lights will be used to manage light spill. Downward-facing lights will be used to manage horizon glow. Recessed lighting will be used to prevent light spill overboard. Blanks on portholes will be used to manage light spill from cabins and internal work areas. Matt finish, or non-reflective paint surfaces will be used to prevent light reflection. Acceptable Lighting Types (subject to operational safety requirements): Light types that are least disruptive to marine turtles will be used, including long-wavelength (reduced spectrum) and low wattage lights (e.g. yellow/orange lights rather than white lights). Alternatively, the use of yellow/orange filters on white lights may be acceptable. Light Reduction Techniques: Lighting is not to be on continuously, and should be off when not required. Visiting LNG and Condensate Vessels owned by third-parties are intended to be in compliance with international lighting standards and the Gorgon/Barrow Island Port Regulations Administrative (Operating) Controls The following administrative (operating) controls will be implemented during the operations phase, where practicable: Barrow Island Port Regulations: The following statement is intended to be made by Chevron Australia: All vessels entering the Barrow Island Port Area are requested to make best endeavours to reduce light spill and direct overboard lighting to the absolute safe minimum level at all times. The extent to which Visiting LNG and Condensate Vessels comply with this requirement will be monitored during periodic vessel safety and security inspections of the vessels by Chevron Australia. Operations Tugs and Support Vessels will operate whenever visiting LNG and Condensate Vessels require berthing/unberthing, or when vessels require assistance. 6.5 Decommissioning Lighting Management Strategies and Measures Engineering Controls (Design Features) Engineering controls on lighting implemented during decommissioning are expected to be similar to those used in the construction period, including advances in technology that are expected to occur in the next several decades during Gas Treatment Plant operations Administrative (Operating) Controls Operating or procedural controls on lighting implemented during decommissioning are expected to be similar to those used in the construction period, including advances in technology that are expected to occur in the next several decades during Gas Treatment Plant operations. Page 126 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

124 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: 6.6 Analysis of Light Mitigation Options This section describes the advantages and disadvantages of the lighting management strategies, measures, and design features selected to manage artificial light or light glow/spill from the flares, Gas Treatment Plant lighting, MOF causeway, MOF and Jetty, and marine vessels Relocation of Flares to an Inland location The wet and dry Ground Flares have been located as far as practicably possible from the shore at the north-west corner of the Gas Treatment Plant plot plan. The BOG Flares (one operational, one spare) are located approximately 400 m from the beach (measured as a straight line) and are to be vertically-enclosed by a structure to reduce direct light spill. The height of the enclosure is dictated by the height of the flame during the design flaring event. The BOG Flare system is an independent low pressure system, required to provide a safe outlet for the BOG collected from the LNG storage tanks in the event of BOG compressor failure, and BOG from LNG carriers in the event of a BOG compressor/bog recycle compressor failure, or during de-inerting and cooling of warm LNG carriers arriving at Barrow Island from dry dock or an out of service period. The current location of the BOG flares is dictated by these needs: Provide a safe BOG disposal outlet close to the LNG storage tanks in the event of a BOG compressor failure. Given that the LNG Tanks are maintained at atmospheric pressure, there is no driving force behind the BOG from the LNG tanks to be transported to a safe location hundreds of metres or kilometres away from the LNG tank farm. Maintain the BOG flares close to the LNG Jetty (which is some 4 km away from the beach at Town Point) to ensure BOG vapour recycle from the LNG carrier can be safely disposed to the BOG Flares in the event of a BOG recycle compressor failure. The present location of the BOG flare is a compromise between these two requirements and if it were to be moved further inland, the only other safe location for this flare would be next to the Ground Flares area outside hazardous areas in the Gas Treatment Plant, and upwind of potential leaks from the LNG processing trains. This alternative location would place the BOG flares a kilometre away from the LNG storage tanks and 5.4 km from the Jetty, which could create technical and operational difficulties (such as potentially much larger flow lines and a booster compressor midway at the Jetty or close to shore) that would seriously undermine the safety, operability and practicability of this option. Table 6-2 Advantages/Disadvantages of Relocating the BOG Flare to an Inland Location BOG Flare Location Current location of the BOG flares east of the LNG storage tanks Advantages Due to the low pressure in the LNG storage and loading system, the BOG flare must be located close to the LNG tanks. Disadvantages Contribution to direct light onto the beach (if flare is not enclosed). Contribution to light pollution in the atmosphere above the Gas Treatment Plant (light glow). Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 127 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

125 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX BOG Flare Location Co-locating the BOG flares with the Ground Flares Advantages Reduces direct light spill from the BOG flares (if semienclosed similarly to the Ground Flares). Disadvantages Impractical due to technical complexity. If implemented, the trade-off would be lower availability of this safety system due to introduced technical complexity and the need for more maintenance. Potential for direct light spill from the flare still to be visible if the flare is operated as an open elevated structure. Contribution to light pollution in the atmosphere above the Gas Treatment Plant (light glow). Based on the above discussion, Chevron Australia concludes that the present location of the flare on the Gas Treatment Plant plot plan is the appropriate location from a design, operability and safety point of view. 6.7 Shrouding One interpretation of shrouding of Plant lighting could be assumed to mean screening of Plant lighting that is visible from the beach. Another interpretation of shrouding could mean using opaque diffusers, which are normally used in buildings to provide a more uniform diffused light. The yellow-coloured fluorescent lamps selected for the Gas Treatment Plant in the spectral range of 500 to 700 nm already have a reduced lumen output by over 50% and any further reduction by opaque diffusers may not achieve the desired light mitigation effect as more luminaries would have to be provided to achieve the normal lighting levels. It is therefore considered that opaque Plant lighting would refer to screening of Plant lighting as seen from the beach. Light screening techniques will be implemented, where practicable, using the following design measures which include, but are not limited to: Lights directed solely onto work areas (i.e. use of spotlights instead of flood lights). Lights mounted as low as practicable. Shielded lights and directional lights to manage light spill. Downward-facing lights to manage horizon glow. Lights directed away from reflective surfaces (including large equipment, offices and storage containers) to reduce potential glow effects. Artificial or natural screens. Recessing light sources. Window treatments (e.g. tinting, curtains, opaque blinds) and dimming of interior lights Shrouding of Plant Lighting Light shrouding techniques will be implemented using the following design measures, where practicable: Shielded lights and directional lights to manage light spill. Yellow-coloured fluorescent lamps in the spectral range mainly greater than 560 nm with a CRI of 20. Page 128 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

126 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: The advantages and disadvantages of opaque shrouding for the Plant are outlined in Table 6-3. Table 6-3 shows that there are no significant disadvantages from a safety perspective associated with the shrouding of the Gas Treatment Plant and that these design principles should be adopted in the design of the Plant Shrouding of Lighting on MOF Causeway, MOF and Jetty Light shrouding on the MOF causeway, MOF and Jetty is intended to be achieved by using the same design principles as outlined above. The advantages and disadvantages of opaque shrouding for the lighting on the MOF causeway, MOF and LNG Jetty are outlined in Table 6-3. Table 6-3 Advantages/Disadvantages of Shrouding for the Gas Treatment Plant Option Advantages Disadvantages Shrouding of Gas Treatment Plant lighting, where practicable Shrouding of lighting on Causeway, MOF and Jetty, where practicable Significant reduction of light spill to the adjacent marine and terrestrial environments. Significant reduction of light spill to the adjacent marine and terrestrial environments. Reduction in lighting levels inside the Gas Treatment Plant, which could have a negative effect on safety (this would be counteracted by delineation of roads and using of electric photoluminescent safety signs). Reduction in lighting levels on the MOF causeway, MOF and Jetty (this would be counteracted by delineation of roads and using of electric photoluminescent safety signs). Table 6-3 shows that there are no significant disadvantages from a safety perspective associated with the shrouding of marine infrastructure and that these design principles should be adopted in the design of the Plant Shrouding and Light Source Reduction on Ships and Dredges Shrouding of luminaires on vessels, such as ships and dredges, refers to screening, concealing, and/or protecting lighting such that light spill overboard and the contribution to light pollution in the atmosphere above the vessel (e.g. light glow) is reduced. Table 6-4 outlines the advantages and disadvantages of shrouding on vessels. Table 6-4 Advantages/Disadvantages of Maximum Possible Shrouding and Light Source Reduction on Ships and Dredges Option Advantages Disadvantages Shrouding on ships and dredges Elimination or significant reduction of light spill overboard into the marine environment, and contribution to light pollution in the atmosphere above vessels (light glow). Elimination or significant reduction in lighting levels on vessels would have a potentially negative effect on safety and operability requirements. Elimination or significant reduction in lighting levels on vessels could result in non-compliance with marine legislation and standards for lighting. Waterborne hazards may not be identifiable. Vessel unable to participate in emergency response operations (e.g. search and Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 129 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

127 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Option Advantages Disadvantages Light source reduction Significant reduction of light spill overboard into the marine environment, and contribution to light pollution in the atmosphere above vessels (light glow). rescue, spill response). Significant reduction in lighting levels on vessels would have a potentially negative effect on safety and operability requirements. Significant reduction in lighting levels on vessels could result in non-compliance with marine legislation and standards for lighting. Waterborne hazards may not be identifiable. Vessel unable to participate in emergency response operations (e.g. search and rescue, spill response). Table 6-4 shows that the implementation of shrouding on vessels, such as ships and dredges, would potentially result in increased safety and operability hazards, increased potential for failing to comply with applicable marine legislation and standards, potential inability to identify waterborne hazards, and an inability for the vessel to adequately participate in emergency response operations (e.g. search and rescue, spill response). As such, the implementation of maximum shrouding options on vessels, as specified above, is not deemed appropriate for the Gorgon Gas Development. Light shrouding techniques on vessels will be implemented as per Section to reduce light spill onto nearby beaches, where practicable and where this will not cause increased hazards as identified in Table 6-4. This shrouding should ensure safety and operability requirements are met to comply with applicable marine legislation and standards, and also consider environmental protection principles during each phase of the Gorgon Gas Development. Page 130 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

128 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: 7.0 Monitoring Program 7.1 Overview This section summarises the monitoring programs as they relate to Flatback Turtles using Barrow Island. The details of monitoring methods and analytical approaches are presented in internal and peer-reviewed literature (see Appendix 1). Baseline information associated with the Gorgon Gas Development has been collected on Flatback Turtles on Barrow Island since 2005/2006. This baseline information has focused on major parameters such as nesting population abundance, annual demographic parameters (remigration interval, internesting interval, survival), hatching success, and hatchling dispersal to the ocean. These programs collected data (see Section 3.0) against which the impact of construction activities of the Gorgon Gas Development on certain life history aspects of marine turtle populations may be measured. The data series acquired from this program form the basis for establishing the range of natural variation in Flatback Turtle demographic processes prior to further human intervention associated with construction and operation of a major onshore gas facility. Once construction is complete, the ongoing collection of these data will provide the basis for a robust and comprehensive monitoring program to assess any long-term anthropogenic impact on the Barrow Island nesting population. This baseline information is also useful to define thresholds or triggers for management action as part of a long-term monitoring program. A monitoring program has been developed and defined to measure and detect changes related to the Flatback Turtle populations that use Barrow Island to nest. Monitoring satisfies Condition 16.4ii of Statement No. 800, and the monitoring methods shall have the ability to detect at a statistical power of 0.8 or greater, or an alternative statistical power as determined by the Minister on advice of the MTEP, changes or impacts on parameters related to population viability. The monitoring program also satisfies Condition 12.4.ii of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178: Define the monitoring program to measure and detect changes to the Flatback Turtle populations. Monitoring methods shall have the ability to detect at a statistical power of 0.8 or greater, or an alternative statistical power as determined by the Minister, on advice of the MTEP, changes or impacts on parameters related to population viability. This section includes monitoring procedures required in respect of the matters of NES listed in Table 3-1 of this Plan, as required by Condition of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178. This section also satisfies Condition 16.5 of Statement No. 800 and Condition 12.5 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178 to provide information to annually audit and review the effectiveness of lighting design features, management measures, and operating controls. There are four principles to the Flatback Turtle monitoring program: Collect five years of data to represent baseline datasets. Use control charts as a decision-aiding tool for management response. These charts will use a power analysis approach for interpreting change to abundance. However, abundance data on their own can be misleading when interpreting trends over time. Therefore, using narrow confidence bands (such as ± 1 standard deviation) on time-series control charts of key demographic parameters can approximate a 80% power metric. Base management response on a tiered process (alert, review, action), with due consideration of runs within each tier. Use Mundabullangana as a suitable reference location to Barrow Island. Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 131 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

129 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX The monitoring program has been reviewed, and, where necessary, modified 12 months after approval of the Plan, which occurred during the first review of the Plan in Further review will align with the five-year review (required under Condition 5.3 of Statement No. 800 and Condition 4.2 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178) and then every five years over the duration of the Plan, in consultation with the MTEP. 7.2 Monitoring Parameters The life history model of marine turtles (see Figure 3-1) provides a useful guide to identify important knowledge gaps (Section 8.0); it also provides a tool for simple simulation models of Flatback Turtle population dynamics and for the development of measurable demographic parameters for monitoring. Monitoring Flatback Turtles at Barrow Island and at Mundabullangana will, where practicable, provide data for these key demographic parameters: adult female survival probability adult female breeding probability (breeding omission) egg hatching probability hatchling emergence probability hatchling disorientation hatchling misorientation nesting beach abundance (track count index) annual nester abundance (tagging). Data for these key demographic parameters are identified as necessary for understanding the population dynamics of the Flatbacks nesting on Barrow Island, and also at the Mundabullangana rookery on the nearby mainland. The Mundabullangana rookery data is used for comparison with the Barrow Island rookery data to assess temporal synchrony and other characteristics for two rookeries from the same genetic stock. Other demographic and biophysical parameters that will be collected at Barrow Island and/or Mundabullangana, where practicable or if required to support diagnosis of population trends, will include but not be limited to: hatchling sex ratio strandings clutch frequency (mean number of clutches per nesting female per season) first-time breeders (e.g. intensive mark recapture program and/or laparoscopy) beach sand temperatures at nest depth beach erosion or accretion at beaches either side of Town Point sea parameters (seawater temperature, tidal range, water quality) evidence of disease (fibropapilloma). The following stressors will be routinely monitored, where practicable: noise levels vibration on beaches either side of Town Point Page 132 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

130 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: lighting levels dredging impacts (discussed further in the Dredging and Spoil Disposal Management and Monitoring Plan (Chevron Australia 2009b)). 7.3 Detecting Change In this Plan, Chevron Australia proposes to use sequential statistical tools, such as time-series control charts, to diagnose trends in the nesting population abundance of the Flatback Turtle on Barrow Island, and to address the cause of the trend. These decision-aiding tools can be appropriate to visualise if or when a particular management action is or is not having a predicted effect on a trend. Sections 7.3 and 7.4 includes management triggers required in respect of the matters of NES listed in Table 3-1 of this Plan, as required by Condition of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/ Monitoring Control Charts While the Before After, Control Impact (BACI) approach has been the standard used in many monitoring programs, time-series control charts offer an alternative yet robust approach to understand trends in a parameter over time (Anderson and Thompson 2004). Control charts can help managers diagnose when a parameter of interest (e.g. turtle abundance, hatchling emergence) may show deviations beyond those expected by plotting through time some measure of a stochastic process with reference to its expected value. Control charts can chart patterns in various parameters, and have been used elsewhere as one means to reliably monitor ecological or environmental processes prior to, and following, any development intervention (Schipper et al. 1997; Manly and Mackenzie 2000). One simple but effective sequential statistical method for monitoring a stochastic ecological process over time is the statistical process control chart (Morrison 2008). Control charts are a graphical device used in a variety of circumstances, including environmental monitoring, to detect significant changes in a stochastic process over time, such as manufacturing, reliability engineering, health care, disease surveillance, service delivery, agricultural production, criminology, software development, biodiversity monitoring, environmental quality management and financial risk management (see, for instance, Pettersson 1998; Anderson and Thompson 2004;. Chevron Australia 2013c). It can take many years to collect sufficient data to achieve a 0.8 power metric - using the control chart approach, changes to trends may be observed earlier, and therefore, management responses can be made much earlier. Control charts can provide an early warning signal of a system that may be going out of control after just a single sampling instance after an impact. Control charts do not provide a means of attributing causality, but are a means of diagnosing what could be contributing to the detected change. Using population abundance of Barrow Island Flatback Turtles as an example; baseline data may be collected over a series of years on parameters such as track counts or other indices of abundance. By calculating the mean and standard deviation for baseline data, which in the case of Barrow Island is five years of track count data, it is possible to identify if future years data fall within or beyond one, two or three standard deviations. These standard deviation values thus serve as the trigger points for action. Thus it may be possible to diagnose the potential causes of change observed to abundance. An example of a control chart is presented in Figure 7-1. This figure shows four years of baseline data for Barrow Island Flatback Turtles (the final year of baseline data will be collected in 2009/2010). In this example, if future data remain within one standard deviation (1 SD) of baseline means, the population is assumed to remain within the natural variation observed. Values outside the bounds of 1 SD or 2 SD, suggest there may be a change occurring to the population that may be affecting abundance; further diagnoses using control charts for other demographic parameters may assist with Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 133 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

131 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX interpreting the change observed (see Figure 7-2 for a simulated example of several control charts). Management triggers will assist Chevron Australia to respond appropriately (see Section 7.3.2). Figure 7-1 Example of a Control Chart using Abundance Data The use of statistical process statistics, such as the control charts approach, may be used to monitor key demographic parameters or indicators for the Flatback Turtle population that nests on Barrow Island. The approach advocated is simple, easy to measure and implement, and easy to interpret given the available data series prior to any further development on the Island that could have an adverse effect on the Flatback Turtle population. Full details can be found in Chaloupka (2009). Page 134 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

132 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Figure 7-2 A Simulated Example Control Chart of Life Stage Parameters Measured for Long-term Monitoring of the Flatback Turtle Population on Barrow Island Notes: Open dots = baseline estimate derived from empirical data Solid dot = simulated example data (from 2009 onwards) Dotted horizontal line = long-term expected estimate derived from baseline estimates Solid lines = ± 1 SD (or SE) Dot-dashed lines = ± 2 SD (or SE) Dashed lines = ± 3 SD (or SE) (from Chaloupka [2009]) Management Triggers To identify whether a deviation in a measured demographic parameter may be outside the bounds of what might be expected, given the natural temporal variability measured across impact and reference beaches, it is common to set upper and lower triggers to alert managers when actions should be taken. These upper/lower triggers may include statistical deviations, such as standard deviations about a mean or median. Chevron Australia proposes that each trigger reflects a defined management response process (see Section 7.4). Narrow confidence bands (such as ± 1 standard deviation) on time-series control charts of key demographic parameters can approximate a 80% power metric; power will therefore be reflected in the deviation of a measured parameter from its baseline mean. Trends will be compared between beaches, and diagnoses of trends against a baseline will involve a comparison of a demographic parameter (e.g. turtle abundance) with various complementary parameters. These triggers have been obtained from information on baseline Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 135 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

133 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX data for Flatback Turtles collected from Barrow Island and Mundabullangana Station in Western Australia, or alternative locations elsewhere in Australia. Example data are illustrated in Figure 7-2 to demonstrate how charting may be used to identify trends over time. These triggers will act as early warning signals which, if exceeded, may be used to inform the need for additional management measures or could trigger the Gorgon Joint Venturers undertaking to take or fund further actions to protect the marine turtle population. The results will guide the basis of adaptive management decisions and further actions, as required. Management triggers are unlikely to remain stationary and may change with time. Chevron Australia proposes to review management triggers every five years when this Plan will be reviewed, to determine the robustness of the initial 5-year baseline period for each parameter under long-term surveillance. As new data are acquired each season, they are added sequentially to the control chart and compared to the management triggers that were based on the 5-year baseline data set. The use of ± 1, 2 and 3 deviation-based triggers provides for easy adjustment of the relative risks of false negative and false positive error. This section includes monitoring procedures required in respect of the matters of NES listed in Table 3-1 of this Plan, as required by Condition of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/ Ecological Monitoring Management Triggers Management triggers can act as a trigger for further investigations into marine turtle biology and/or for management to understand why the limits were reached. A management process with decision rules is proposed by Chevron Australia to guide a response strategy for actions to mitigate harm to marine turtles. Trends within and outside triggers will reflect response actions (e.g. alert, review, action ), which aim to mitigate against proposal-related stressors that may be contributing towards changes to the demographic parameters being measured. Ecological monitoring of trends will be conducted over time. These trigger levels represent response levels reflecting a heightened level of severity to observed ecological parameters of Flatback Turtles. Specific management responses for each parameter triggered will be developed taking into account the best available knowledge at the time, in consultation with the MTEP. Three response triggers will be implemented for each parameter measured during the monitoring program: Alert trigger for management, reflected as ± 1 standard deviation (approximating a 80% power metric): If a trend shows that a parameter is deviating towards (but remains within) one standard deviation (1 SD) for two consecutive years, Chevron Australia will, in consultation with the MTEP, provide a discussion in the Annual Report to interpret the deviation. However, where a trend deviates above a 1 SD limit, Chevron Australia will conduct further management actions, which may include further investigations into the reason for the change, and/or further field surveys to help to explain the trend. This trigger does not preclude immediate management action. Review trigger for management reflected as ± 2 standard deviation (approximating a 95% power metric): Where trends deviate over a 2 SD limit, Chevron Australia, in consultation with the MTEP, will conduct further management actions, which may include reviews of the risks associated with the parameter with the aim of trying to diagnose the cause of the change. This management action may require further field surveys to diagnose the trend. This trigger does not preclude immediate management action. Page 136 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

134 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Action trigger for management reflected as ± 3 standard deviation (approximating a 99% power metric): Where trends over time indicate a deviation over 3 SD, Chevron Australia, in consultation with the MTEP, will take immediate action to act upon known proposal-related stressors if these are deemed to represent a significant threat to the functioning of the population. Actions may include, but not be limited to, additional management measures such as compensatory measures (for example, under Condition 16.4viii of Statement No. 800 or Condition 12.4.viii of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178), reviews of the risks associated with the changed parameter with the aim of trying to understand and mitigate the cause of the change, or further mitigation measures. 7.5 Construction Monitoring Ecological Monitoring Ecological monitoring programs scheduled for the Gorgon Gas Development are summarised in Table 7-1 to Table 7-7. A master list of reports presenting program methods, data, and analyses compiled to date is provided in Appendix 1. These baseline reports should be consulted for further detail on monitoring program methodology. Monitoring will include but not be limited to, these ecological programs which, under the adaptive management process (Figure 1-4), may be modified in the future (including the frequency of when they will be implemented) as new information becomes available from further studies on marine turtle ecology (see Scope of Studies Section 8.0): Flatback Turtle Tagging Program Marine Turtle Track Census Program Hatchling Orientation (Fan) Monitoring Program Flatback Turtle Satellite Tracking Program Flatback Turtle Nest Success Program Coastal Stability Management and Monitoring Plan note that this monitoring program is a stand-alone monitoring program and has been summarised here for context. Further detail is described in the Coastal Stability Management and Monitoring Plan (as required under Condition 25 of Statement No. 800 and Condition 18 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178) (Chevron Australia 2009a) Flatback Turtle Hatchling Dispersal and Survivorship Program Beach Sand Temperature Program. The results from Flatback Turtle ecological monitoring will be guided by trends shown in statistical tools such as control charts, and an appropriate response instituted (see Section 7.4). Chevron Australia recognises there is a data gap related to Flatback Turtle hatchling survivorship and dispersal during the in-water frenzy. Studies will be conducted to understand the effects of project-related stressors on hatchling behaviour as they leave the beach. The results can be applied towards ecological monitoring of hatchling survivorship and dispersal in water once the appropriate methodology is developed in consultation with the MTEP, and baseline information collected (see Table 7-7 and Scope of Studies Section 8.0). Chevron Australia shall consult with the MTEP when identifying and scheduling monitoring programs required to meet the objectives of this Plan. Monitoring programs will be implemented and documented in a manner that meets their respective objectives whilst retaining operational flexibility such that abnormal events, including those beyond Chevron Australia s control, can be accommodated. As the survey areas occur in a region that experiences extremes weather Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 137 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

135 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX events there may be occurrences where it is not possible to implement or complete one or more programs (or component of a program); should this occur Chevron Australia will take measures and or re-prioritise its monitoring programs in consultation with the MTEP to ensure the objectives of the Plan continue to be met. If, in consultation with the MTEP, these monitoring programs are not believed to be measuring and detecting changes to the Flatback Turtle populations, Chevron Australia may seek to discontinue these programs in accordance with Condition 36 of Statement No Table 7-1 Flatback Turtle Tagging Program Program 1 Objective Methods Flatback Turtle Tagging Program To provide data from Barrow Island and Mundabullangana on: individual reproductive behaviour, nesting population size, demographics, adult turtle nest beach usage, survivorship, recruitment. To provide sufficient data for statistically valid (power >0.8 or an alternative) population modelling analyses. To provide information regarding variation in abundance and spatial and temporal distribution of nesting adult Flatback Turtles. These data will facilitate monitoring of short- and long-term construction and operational impacts of the Gorgon Gas Development on the female Flatback Turtle population of Barrow Island. Should artificial light significantly influence spatial distribution of nesting females, as indicated by the proportion of animals nesting at each beach, this alteration can be quantified and managed accordingly. Conduct flipper tagging on female Flatback Turtles on the six east coast nesting beaches of Barrow Island (Mushroom; Terminal; Bivalve; YCN; YCS; A07 and/or Inga) during peak nesting (November to January). Conduct flipper tagging on female Flatback Turtles at a reference site at Mundabullangana Station. Interpolation of population trend data, as determined from a long-term study at Mundabullangana, shows that approximately ten years data collection will be required at a coefficient of variation of 0.20 (Pendoley et al. in press) to meet power requirements for Barrow Island. Currently Available 4 years Barrow Island (2005/06 to 2008/09) 4 years Mundabullangana (2005/06 to December 2008) 10 years DEC data (Mundabullangana) Baseline data Baseline Results (05/06 to 08/09) Adult female survival probability Adult female breeding probability (breeding omission) Annual nester abundance Clutch frequency Internesting interval for Flatback Turtles Remigration interval for female Flatback Turtles Growth rates for female Flatback Turtles Analysis of tag loss/retention rates for tag types (passive induced transponder [PIT] and flipper) in this species (from 2008) Barrow Island: Females nesting.yr -1 : Annual mean 1396 ± SD = 350 (range: :n = 4) Remigration interval mean = 1.7 years ± SD = 1.5 (range:1 18:n = 2155) Internesting interval mean = 14.3 days ± SD = 2.4 (range:7 22:n = 2164) Mundabullangana: Females nesting.yr -1 : Annual mean 1692 (95% Conf. Interv.: ), Parameters Page 138 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

136 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Program 1 Flatback Turtle Tagging Program Frequency (range: :n = 10) Remigration interval mean = 3.1 years, SD = 2.4 (range:1 15:n =1087) Internesting interval mean = 11.9 days, SD = 2.1 (range:7 22:n= 179) Annual prior to construction Annual during construction Table 7-2 Marine Turtle Track Census Program Program 2 Objective Methods Marine Turtle Track Census Program To assess Island-wide distribution of marine turtle nesting activity as indicated by species-specific track counts. To monitor Hawksbill Turtle track abundance on selected key beaches, as indicated by track counts. This information is intended to allow shifts in spatial distribution of nesting activity potentially arising as a consequence of construction-associated impacts (including light and noise emissions) to be identified, quantified and appropriately managed. Snapshot survey: Conduct track surveys during December. Repeat census over five consecutive days per beach (assuming no cyclone interruptions). Survey will aim to be repeated over the same tidal cycle each year, where practicable. Hawksbill track surveys: Routine monitoring of key beaches during October to November for Hawksbill Turtle nesting activity as identified by track counts. Baseline data Currently Available Comprehensive track census survey: 5 years Barrow Island (2003/04 to 2007/08) (5 days per month over 4 to 6 months in each year) Snapshot track census survey: 3 surveys total (one in November 2003/04, two December 2003/04 and 2004/05) Hawksbill track data: snapshot track survey data for Barrow Island Parameters Species identification Number of tracks left by turtles traversing the beach for nesting Spatial and temporal distribution of nesting effort Comprehensive track census program, average overnight track numbers (tracks per night) in January (2004/05 to 2007/08 data) Baseline Results (04/05 to 07/08) Flatback Turtle nesting beaches: A SD = 6.22 (range:0 28:n = 22 days) Beach #2 0 (n = 5 days) Bivalve SD = (range:0 28:n = 29 days) Mushroom SD = (range:0 77:n = 11 days) Terminal SD = (range:0 58:n = 43 days) YCN SD = (range:4 62:n = 26 days) YCS SD = (range:1 82:n = 30 days) Green Turtle nesting beaches: Flacourt SD = (range:4 59:n = 27 days) Perched 2.20 SD = 2.35 (range:0 10:n = 25 days) Ti Tree 7.04 SD = 7.02 (range:0 25:n = 25 days) Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 139 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

137 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Program 2 Marine Turtle Track Census Program Tortuga V Whites Whites N SD = (range:6 132:n = 25 days) SD = 6.26 (range:2 27:n = 25 days) SD = (range:6 65:n = 21 days) 8.91 SD = 7.78 (range:0 24:n = 21 days) Snapshot surveys confirmed: Green Turtle nesting dominates west, north and north-east coast beaches Flatback nesting dominates east and south-east coast beaches Little nesting activity occurs on southern beaches Diffuse Hawksbill nesting occurs on west, north and east coast beaches 95% of Flatback Turtle nesting at Barrow Island occurs within ~4 km of the proposed development. Hawksbill surveys Evidence of Hawksbill nesting was most visible on beaches where fewer or zero Flatback Turtle tracks made observation of Hawksbill tracks easier. Track counts ranged from 1 to 4 visible tracks per visit on key east coast beaches Frequency Snapshot survey: Annual during construction, targeting repeated sampling during December each year, when possible. Hawksbill survey: Annual during construction Table 7-3 Hatchling Orientation (Fan) on Beaches Monitoring Program Program 3 Objective Methods Hatchling Orientation (Fan) on Beaches Monitoring Program To measure the dispersal pattern of Flatback and Green Turtle hatchlings as they emerge from the nest and begin orienting toward the ocean. Hatchling orientation following emergence is primarily influenced by light. Any disruption to natural sea-finding behaviour would be evident as a deviation from spread and offset angle values determined prior to the start of construction. Data are collected on the spread and offset angles of hatchling tracks in the sand following emergence from the nest. Collect nest fan data over a 7-day period during peak hatching (Feb Mar) on the primary east coast (A07, YCS, YCN, Bivalve, Terminal, Mushroom) and primary west coast (e.g. Flacourt, Whites, Whites North, Tortuga, Perched, V, Ti Tree) nesting beaches to determine if anthropogenic light sources are impacting hatchling orientation, which may ultimately influence sea-finding ability. Currently Available 5 years (2003/04 to 2007/08) Barrow Island Flatback hatchling fan data from east coast nests Limited Green Turtle fan data are available Baseline data Parameters Hatchling emergence fan spread angle Hatchling emergence fan offset (from most direct line to the ocean) angle Page 140 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

138 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Program 3 Baseline Results (05/06 to 08/09) Hatchling Orientation (Fan) on Beaches Monitoring Program Peak hatchling emergence period is Feb Mar for both Green and Flatback Turtles. Fan spread and offset Flatback: Season Beach spread offset sample mean SD mean SD n 2005/2006 Bivalve Mushroom Terminal YCN YCS /2007 Bivalve Mushroom Terminal YCN YCS /2008 A Bivalve Mushroom Terminal YCN YCS /2009 Bivalve Mushroom Terminal YCN Significant differences recorded between some east coast beaches for fan spread and offset angles Fan spread angle range Fan offset angle range Fan spread and offset Green: Beach spread offset seasons samples 05/06 08/09 mean SD mean SD n n Bed Flacourt * John Wayne Perched Sponge Ti Tree Tortuga V Whites S Whites N Frequency No significant differences recorded in spread angle but there was significant differences in offset angle between some beaches Fan spread angle range Fan offset angle range Annual during construction during peak hatchling emergence period Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 141 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

139 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Table 7-4 Flatback Turtle Satellite Tracking Program Program 4 Objective Methods Baseline data Baseline Results (05/06 to 08/09) Frequency Flatback Turtle Satellite Tracking Program To identify the spatial behaviour of adult female Flatback Turtles using satellite telemetry and GIS data/software. To record time-depth behaviour for adult female Flatback Turtles. To assist with identification and delineation of internesting habitat. Attach GPS satellite tags, and as required, time-depth recorders, to animals Currently Available Parameters Female Flatback Turtle tracked from Barrow Island (n=8 PTT transmitters, n=11 GPS transmitters) Female Flatback Turtles tracked from Mundabullangana Station (n=4 PTT transmitters) Location and range of adult movements Habitat use (inter-nesting) Post-nesting locations Sea parameters (seawater temperature, tide data) Depth profiles Diving behaviour Bathymetry Location and range of adult pathways: Barrow Island and Mundabullangana Flatback Turtles follow offshore migratory pathways associated with the m contours Migratory pathways range from ~100 km to >2000 km in length Habitat use (internesting, post-nesting, foraging): Internesting grounds for Barrow Island Flatback Turtles can be up to 60 km away at the mainland, and also occur at Barrow Island Mundabullangana Flatback Turtles internest within ~20 km of the nesting beach Post-nesting and foraging Flatback Turtles use habitat within 100 km of their nesting beaches at Barrow Island and sites in the Kimberley >1000 km away There is variability in the degree of fidelity shown to individual foraging sites. Satellite telemetry: Annual during construction (suspended during the 2012/2013 period only) 1 Depth profiles: Routine as required. 1 As agreed by MTEP; Meeting No. 20 (30-31 August 2012) Page 142 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

140 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Table 7-5 Flatback Turtle Nest Success Program Program 5 Objective Methods Baseline data Baseline Results (06/07 to 08/09) Frequency Flatback Turtle Nest Success Program To monitor Flatback Turtle nest success on Barrow Island and at Mundabullangana, as determined by the parameters listed below, during construction and operation of the Gorgon Gas Development. Collect data on Flatback Turtle nest chamber, egg and hatchling metrics to monitor any changes in the nest environment that may occur as a result of beach or shoreline alteration due to construction and/or operation. Mark nests when they are being dug and excavate nests following hatchling emergence to collect data on egg incubation, hatching and emergence rates. Collect data regarding nest environment characteristics and overall sand characteristics Currently Available Parameters Nest success program studies have been conducted for the 2006/07 and 2007/08 season for Flatback Turtles on Barrow Island. Substrate (sand) data for selected east, west and north coast beaches on Barrow Island Incubation duration Clutch size Egg hatching probability Hatchling emergence probability Egg size/weight, hatchling size/weight Incubation temperature and humidity ph, TOC, moisture content and grain size distribution Beach profiles and sand characteristics Noise and vibration levels on beaches either side of Town Point Time of hatchling emergence, where practicable MEAN 06/07, 07/08, 08/09 Clutch size: ± (range: 3 66), n=127 Hatch success: ± 23.8% (range 0 100) n=122 Incubation Period: ± 0.39d (range 44 54d) n=69 MEAN 07/08, 08/09 Egg diameter: ± 2.09 mm (range: mm) n=337 Emergence success: 71.5% ± 4.05% n=93 Sediment characteristics from monitored nest sites (06/07 season only): ph = 9.29 ± 0.10 % Total Organic Content = 0.09 ± % Moisture content = 2.98 ± 0.67 % gravel = 4.94 ± 4.46 % sand = ± 4.32 Annual during construction. Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 143 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

141 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Table 7-6 Coastal Stability Program Program 6 Coastal Stability Program * Objective The objectives of this Program as stated in Condition 25.3 of Statement No. 800 are to: ensure that the marine facilities listed in Condition 17.2 (excluding WAPET Landing),do not cause significant adverse impacts to the beaches adjacent to those facilities establish a monitoring programme to detect adverse changes to the beach structure and beach sediments that could have implications for marine turtles nesting on the beaches adjacent to the marine facilities listed in Condition 17.2 (excluding WAPET Landing) on Barrow Island The objectives of this Program as stated in Condition 18.3 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178 are to: ensure that the marine facilities listed in Condition 13.2 do not cause significant adverse impacts to the beaches adjacent to those facilities establish a monitoring program to detect adverse changes to the beach structure and beach sediments that could have implications for marine turtles nesting on the beaches adjacent to the marine facilities listed in Condition 13.2 on Barrow Island Note: * Program presented here for context only; the detail is described in the Coastal Stability Management and Monitoring Plan (Condition 25 of Statement No. 800, and Condition 18 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178) (Chevron Australia 2009a) Table 7-7 Flatback Turtle Hatchling Dispersal and Survivorship Program Program 7 Objective Methods Flatback Turtle Hatchling Dispersal and Survivorship Program To use best available technology to track Flatback Turtle hatchlings as they depart the natal beach on the east coast of Barrow Island, monitoring dispersal patterns and survivorship To monitor how hatchling dispersal and survivorship are impacted by the physical presence of marine facilities including the causeway, MOF and LNG jetty. To monitor how hatchling dispersal and survivorship are impacted by artificial light (including artificial light sources at sea) To test whether the impact of light sources on dispersal and survivorship patterns varies under different environmental conditions (e.g. lunar phase, cloud cover, dust, salt spray) These data will facilitate monitoring of short- and long-term construction and operational impacts of the Gorgon Gas Development on the reproductive output of marine turtle populations at Barrow Island Release hatchlings from key sites on the east coast of Barrow Island. Track hatchlings as they depart the beach. Monitor dispersal patterns and survivorship in the immediate offshore zone (after leaving the beach). Currently Available No data are currently available regarding hatchling survivorship and dispersal Supporting data include tide flow,, bathymetry, and lunar conditions Baseline data Parameters Hatchling swimming speed Hatchling swimming direction Hatchling survivorship Hatchling dispersal patterns Hatchling aggregation in light spill during construction Page 144 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

142 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Program 7 Baseline Results Monitoring program Frequency Flatback Turtle Hatchling Dispersal and Survivorship Program No data are currently available. Repeat sampling in subsequent years to determine if baseline hatchling dispersal patterns and survivorship are impacted by construction and operation activities at Barrow Island. Use data to feed into ocean current modelling for Barrow Island Where practicable, use data to feed into modelling of Barrow Island Flatback Turtle populations To be discussed with the MTEP once results have been collected Monitoring of Stressors The following monitoring programs focus on the stressors on marine turtles: Noise and Vibration Monitoring Program Light Monitoring Program Strandings Monitoring Program Monitoring mortality during dredging (the detail is described in the Dredging and Spoil Disposal Management and Monitoring Plan as required under Condition 20 of Statement No. 800 and Condition 14 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178 (Chevron Australia 2009b). The objective of noise and vibration monitoring is to measure noise and vibration during the construction and operations phases of the Gorgon Gas Development for assessing potential impacts of ambient noise and vibration on marine turtles using the beaches either side of Town Point to nest. The potential effects of noise and vibration on nesting females, hatching success of eggs, emergence success of hatchlings, or hatchling behaviour once emerged, can be included along with other ecological parameters measured in control charts to diagnose observed trends. Monitoring is to be routinely conducted on noise and vibration on beaches either side of Town Point, where this information is practicable to obtain (Table 7-8).. Chevron Australia recognises the need to collect baseline data on light emissions prior to, and during, construction and operations. Chevron Australia, DEC (Perth Observatory) and Pendoley Environmental have supported the development of new technology that can quantify ambient levels of light using a Charge Coupled Device (CCD) camera (referred to as a Sky Camera) filtered to photograph light in the biologically active region of the spectrum (e.g. short wavelengths) (Pendoley Environmental 2010). Light emission surveys such as this provide quantification of ambient light levels in the night sky. Light is to be monitored routinely (Table 7-9) during the Flatback Turtle nesting season, and during the Flatback Turtle hatchling emergence season. Monitoring for mortalities associated with dredging and dredge spoil disposal is further described in the Dredging and Spoil Disposal Management and Monitoring Plan (Chevron Australia 2009b). Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 145 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

143 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Table 7-8 Noise and Vibration Monitoring Program Program 8 Objective Methods Baseline data Baseline Results Monitoring program Frequency Noise and Vibration Monitoring Program To develop a baseline data set that quantifies noise and vibration levels at selected beaches on the east coast of Barrow Island, prior to construction and operation of the Gorgon Gas Development. To quantify and monitor changes to noise and vibration levels at selected beaches on the east coast of Barrow Island, during construction and operation of the Gorgon Gas Development. To use these data to facilitate monitoring of short- and long-term construction and operational noise and/or vibration impacts of the Gorgon Gas Development on the marine turtle populations of Barrow Island, including on hatchling and emergence success. Collect noise data using currently available commercial sound level meters including, but not limited to, continuous noise logging for 14 days and/or short duration operator-attended noise measurements (i.e. held by the operator while noise measurements are taken) Collect vibration data using currently available commercial geophones for example, geophones placed on sand surface and also buried approx. 0.5 m below the sand surface (to correspond with average turtle nest depth) for a 24-hour period. Currently Available Parameters Ambient noise levels recorded between January and February 2004 at northern end of Barrow Island (T-Tree), Chevron Camp, LNG Plant Site, and Flacourt Bay (results included in EIS/ERMP) Ambient noise and vibration levels at selected beaches on the east coast of Barrow Island collected between July and September 2009 Ambient noise levels (14 days continuous noise logging, where practicable) Ambient vibration levels (24 hours continuous vibration level recording, where practicable) Ambient noise and vibration conditions at selected beaches on the east coast of Barrow Island collected between July and September 2009 Routine noise monitoring at selected beaches either side of Town Point on the east coast of Barrow Island during construction and operations period, primarily during the nesting season. Routine vibration monitoring at selected beaches either side of Town Point on the east coast of Barrow Island during construction and operations period, primarily during the hatchling season. If required, use data on noise and vibration to assist with diagnosis of changes to the summer adult turtle nesting abundance, and to hatching and emergence success observed during the season Routine or on advice of MTEP during the construction period and operations Page 146 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

144 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Table 7-9 Light Monitoring Program Program 9 Objective Methods Light Monitoring Program To monitor existing ambient night-time light emissions on Barrow Island and Mundabullangana Flatback nesting beaches. To quantify and monitor changes to the light horizon as it is perceived by marine turtles on the east coast of Barrow Island, during construction and operation of the Gorgon Gas Development. To use these data to facilitate monitoring of short- and long-term construction and operational lighting impacts of the Gorgon Gas Development on the marine turtle populations of Barrow Island. Document the light field photographically using a SLR digital camera on manually set fixed exposure times and settings, as required. Measure and map the sky light emissions from east coast beaches using a dedicated light measuring camera. A Sky Camera will use custom acquisition software to acquire low light night sky images through a set of filters. Analysis software will use the night sky stars to calibrate the resultant image, providing Isophotes maps calibrated in wavelength-specific stellar magnitudes per angular measure. The isophotes map may provide a reliable baseline data set with which to measure and directly compare the amount of light pollution in the sky during the operations period. Currently Available Ambient night-time light conditions collected November 2009 Baseline data Parameters Ambient night-time light emissions from east coast beaches Light isophote images Baseline Results Monitoring program Frequency Ambient night-time light conditions collected November 2009 Ambient night-time light monitoring conducted prior to the peak Flatback Turtle nesting season (where practicable) and during the peak hatchling emergence season (where practicable). Routine monitoring during construction period and operations period Monitoring Strandings and Mortalities Monitoring fatalities of, or harm to, marine turtles are guided by the management processes outlined in these management plans: Dredging and Spoil Disposal Management and Monitoring Plan (Chevron Australia 2009b) Marine Facilities Construction Environment Management Plan (Chevron Australia 2012b) Horizontal Directional Drilling Management and Monitoring Plan (Chevron Australia 2011) Offshore Feed Gas Pipeline Installation Management Plan (Chevron Australia 2012d) Offshore Domestic Gas Pipeline Installation Management Plan (Chevron Australia 2012e) Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 147 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

145 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Table 7-10 Strandings Monitoring Program Program 10 Objective Methods Strandings Monitoring Program To routinely inspect and report on beach strandings of marine fauna (turtles) on east coast beaches, and to maintain data in a strandings database To use these data to facilitate monitoring of short- and long-term construction and operational impacts of the Gorgon Gas Development on the marine turtle populations of Barrow Island. As part of the daily tagging program, data on beach strandings of marine turtles on east coast beaches will be recorded in a strandings database held by Chevron. Record marine turtle injuries or strandings, if these occur, in a strandings database held by Chevron. Collect biopsy samples for analysis, where practicable. Chevron Australia will consult with the DEC on requirements for necropsy, where applicable. Currently Available Data currently recorded on internal Chevron database. Baseline data Parameters The following parameters are the minimum recorded, where known: Time Date Location Species Sex Life-stage Condition Detail on turtle injuries, including diagnosis of injuries Predicted cause of death or injury (for example, unknown, non-natural, natural) Monitoring program Frequency Inspections of east coast beaches as part of the tagging program Records of marine turtle injuries or strandings, if these occur As part of the tagging program, if a stranding is observed on tagged beaches it will be recorded in a strandings database. Conduct inspections of east coast beaches outside of the peak nesting season during the dredging and marine facility construction periods Monitoring Beach Sand Temperature Monitoring beach sand temperature at nest depth is an important parameter to track over time, in order to understand the effects of variation of sand temperature on hatching success, and how emergence success may vary with climate (temperature) or any change to sand deposition. In the first year of implementation of this Plan, this program was identified as a scope of study and, in consultation with the MTEP, has now been transferred across as a monitoring program. Page 148 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

146 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Table 7-11 Beach Temperature Monitoring Program Program 11 Objective Methods Beach Temperature Monitoring Program To record data on sand temperature at nest depth for various Flatback Turtle nesting beaches To use these data to facilitate monitoring of short- and long-term construction and operational impacts of the Gorgon Gas Development on the marine turtle populations of Barrow Island. Collect data on beach sand temperature at nest depth for various Flatback Turtle nesting beaches on Barrow Island, and at Mundabullangana, using temperature data loggers. Position data loggers primarily midway on the beach above high tide mark, although some may be positioned across the beach profile to understand spatial differences in beach sand temperatures. Data are currently available for these locations: Baseline data (2004/05 to 2007/08)* Currently Available Barrow Island east coast (mainly Flatback Turtles nesting): Junction Beach Yacht Club Beach South Yacht Club Beach North Bivalve Beach (south of Town Point) Terminal Beach (north of Town Point) Mushroom Rock Bay Beach southern part Mushroom Rock Bay Beach northern part Barrow Island west coast (mainly Green Turtles nesting): Beach south of Eagles Nest Satellite Beach (south of Chair) Boggs Beach Turtle Bay Beach John Wayne Beach Flacourt Bay Beach Whites Beach Barrow Island north coast (mainly Green Turtles nesting): Sponge Beach (south of Surf Point) Ti Tree Beach Mundabullangana Station (mainly Flatback Turtles nesting): Beach south of Cape Thouin Parameters Time Date Location Sand Temperature (degree C) Frequency Annual monitoring during construction Routine monitoring during operations * Baseline data were not collected at all beaches every year Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 149 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

147 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Operations Monitoring In accordance with Condition 16.1A of Statement No. 800, the specific requirements for Flatback Turtle monitoring at Barrow Island during the operations phase of the Gorgon Gas Development shall be assessed, in consultation with the MTEP, following the completion of the construction monitoring programs and a review of proposal-related operations risks. Monitoring during operations will, where required, consider lessons learnt from the constructionphase marine turtle monitoring program, new methods trialled, and lessons learnt from proposal-related risks. This knowledge will provide information that can feed back into the longterm monitoring program for Flatback Turtles. Planning for operations monitoring will commence six months prior to the first nesting season for Flatback Turtles, and will aim to be implemented during that coming nesting season. Page 150 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

148 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: 8.0 Scope of Studies Information to define the scope of studies aimed at understanding the ecology of marine turtles that utilise the east coast beaches and waters of Barrow Island where there are proposalrelated stressors to marine turtles, and studies aimed at understanding links between stressors and marine turtle behaviour to improve the management of impacts, is provided in this section to satisfy Condition 16.4v of Statement No. 800 and Condition 12.4.v of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178. Monitoring may inform further scopes of studies to understand the links between stressors and marine turtle behaviour. The scope of studies identified in this section now includes those that have been reviewed in consultation with the MTEP, 12 months after approval of this Plan. The scopes of studies identified (see Table 8-1) do not preclude other studies being undertaken, if these are considered more suitable to understand the links between stressors and marine turtle behaviour. As the research scope framework is an active framework (Figure 1-4), it can be amended in consultation with the MTEP, DEC and SEWPaC (required by Condition 16.2 of Statement No. 800 and Condition 12.2 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178), and then changes may be included as an amendment to this Plan (under Condition 36 of Statement No. 800 and Condition 25 and 26 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178) if required. Some studies may need to be postponed to another season if circumstances on Barrow Island preclude the study from proceeding (for example, cyclones). Understanding the population viability of marine turtles requires an understanding of their life history ecology, and the effects of proposal-related stressors at various stages of turtle development. Current research on Barrow Island has focused on Flatback Turtles nesting on the beaches (including tagging at Mundabullangana Station on the mainland), egg counts, hatchling survivorship as they leave the egg chamber, coastal profiles and sand characteristics, satellite tracking of adults during the internesting and migratory periods, and track counts at beaches around Barrow Island. However, Chevron Australia acknowledges there are certain knowledge gaps, which relate to different life history parameters of marine turtles using Barrow Island and its waters and where baseline data has not been collected. This section focuses on a strategy to address these knowledge gaps. A research scope framework has been developed in consultation with the MTEP (see Appendix 5). This research framework aims to: define the scope of studies aimed at understanding the ecology of marine turtles that utilise the beaches on the east coast of Barrow Island, and improving the management of impacts identify studies to understand the links between stressors and marine turtle behaviour identify research gaps based on the outcome of risks to life stages identified from the risk matrix (see Section 4.0) identify and prioritise current research needs, aligned with the exposure of turtles to risk, to assist with understanding the population viability of marine turtles utilising the beaches and waters on the east coast of Barrow Island identify scopes of study for future planning. The research framework considers, and sets priorities for, scopes of study with a focus on key themes that provide information on the ecology and survivorship of turtles across their various life stages. 8.1 Regional Studies Regional studies are identified in the research framework but are out of scope for this Plan. These regional studies will have relevance to a North West Shelf Flatback Turtle Conservation Program, which will be implemented by DEC on advice of an Advisory Committee. The purpose Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 151 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

149 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX of the North West Shelf Flatback Turtle Conservation Program is to increase protection of Flatback Turtle populations in areas away from Barrow Island. 8.2 Local Studies Local studies identified in the research framework are those that have a Barrow Island context. Chevron Australia consulted with the MTEP to identify eight priority research areas; indicative timelines of their implementation are presented in Table 8-1. These studies reflect those marine turtle life history stages, or environmental features, where there are currently deficiencies in baseline data; these require higher priority attention and action than the other studies identified in Appendix Hatchlings Studies that address in-water hatchling behaviour will assist with understanding the proportion of hatchlings that survive inshore dispersal, and their response to offshore lights. This information will assist Chevron Australia to understand the influence of offshore lights to hatchling behaviour and their survivorship, and compare this to natural behaviour and survivorship patterns. Studies that address beach temperature and hatchling sex ratios will assist with understanding the current and future changes to nesting habitat that may occur over time, and whether any noted changes coincide with proposal-related stressors or natural changes. Understanding sex ratios will contribute to diagnosing trends in population abundance over time. A 12-month retrospective review of the studies concluded that beach sand temperature is now identified as a regular monitoring program (see Section 7.5.4) Population studies Studies on foraging marine turtles that utilise the east coast waters of Barrow Island where there are proposal related stressors to marine turtles, with regards to depth profiles, delineation of foraging habitat (home range), and site fidelity, will assist with understanding the scale of marine habitat that these turtles use. This information will serve to place the removed habitat into a local and (potentially) regional context for understanding impacts on resident marine turtles that forage in the area. Alternatively, the MOF and jetty will create additional habitat for foraging marine turtles; understanding the behaviour of these foraging turtles using this habitat can assist with an understanding of their risks from local stressors such as vessels. Studies that address population abundance of nesting female Flatback turtles will help compare nesting abundances over time between Barrow Island beaches and beaches elsewhere in the region to separate proposal-related impacts from regional impacts. A 12-month retrospective review of the studies concluded that population abundance is now identified as a monitoring program (see Section 7.0). Studies that address genetics will help place the Barrow Island Flatback Turtle population into a regional context from a genetic perspective. This information will assist Chevron Australia to understand the levels of genetic difference between the Barrow Island population and other regional populations; low differences will suggest that regional populations will be similar and thus effects observed on Barrow Island may manifest beyond Barrow Island. Studies to collect baseline levels of pollutants on beaches are required if pollutants are considered a parameter that may influence egg development or hatchling success. Page 152 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

150 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Table 8-1 Priority of Ecological Research Studies for Marine Turtles for the period to Research Area Dispersal of Flatback hatchlings during the in-water frenzy period off Barrow Island beaches Oceanographic modelling of currents around the MOF following its construction (hydrodynamic modelling) Season 09/10 10/11 11/12 12/13 13/14 * * Response of hatchlings to offshore light spill * * Phylogeographic distribution of the Flatback Turtle stock that uses Barrow Island Population abundance of nesting Flatback females at Barrow Island and at Mundabullangana Beach sand temperatures for Barrow Island and Mundabullangana Baseline state of pollutants in beaches Studies on foraging turtles off the east coast of Barrow Island where there are proposal related stressors to marine turtles Postponed to Operations Phase Annual monitoring program Annual monitoring program * * Notes: Season refers to the Nov Apr period to include nesting and hatchling emergence times. * Study may or may not proceed in this season depending on results from previous season, and on the level of marine vessel construction activity Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 153 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

151 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Objectives, Performance Standards, and Relevant Documentation 9.1 Overview This section addresses the requirements of Condition 16.4vi of Statement No. 800 and Condition 12.4.vi of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178, which requires that this Plan include Performance Standards against which achievement of the objectives of this condition can be determined. The Aspirational Goal of the Plan is to protect the Barrow Island marine turtle populations from project-related impacts associated with the Gorgon Gas Development. Supporting this aspirational goal are the environmental objectives, performance standards and relevant documentation that have been developed as part of a systematic approach to the management of risks to marine turtles. Specific objectives, performance standards, and documentation will be used to assess and demonstrate the overall environmental performance for the Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline against the stated environmental objectives. Table 9-1 contains the objectives, performance standards and documentation that relate to this Plan. These will provide input into the Environmental Performance Reports required under Condition 5 of Statement No. 800, Condition 5 of Statement No. 769 and Condition 4 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/ Objectives Chevron Australia is committed to conducting activities associated with the Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline in an environmentally responsible manner, and aims to implement best practice environmental management as part of a program of continual improvement. To meet this commitment, objectives have been defined that relate to the management of the identified environmental risks for the Gorgon Gas Development. These objectives are those that relate to marine turtles in Conditions 16, 17, 20, 22, and 23, of Statement No. 800, Conditions 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178, and Conditions 13 and 14 of Statement No. 769, and where necessary, additional, more specific objectives have been developed. Table 9-1 details the objectives specific to this Plan. 9.3 Performance Standards Performance standards are the measures Chevron Australia will use to assess whether or not it is meeting its objectives. For each objective and element of each objective, Chevron Australia has described a matter ( description ) that will be measured, and a quantitative target or, where there is no practicable quantitative target, a qualitative target, which is to be measured against when assessing whether the objective has been met. These targets have been developed specifically for assessing performance, not compliance, and so failure to meet the target does not represent a breach of this Plan. Rather, it indicates that an objective may not have been met and there may be a need for management action or review of this Plan. This section also includes performance standards required in respect of the matters of NES listed in Table 3-1 of this Plan, as required by Condition of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178. The performance standards specific to this Plan are detailed in Table 9-1. Page 154 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

152 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: 9.4 Relevant Documentation Chevron Australia has defined the relevant documentation that contains information about whether the performance standards have been met. Relevant documentation specific to this Plan is detailed in Table 9-1 Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 155 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

153 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Table 9-1 Objectives, Performance Standards, and Relevant Documentation Objectives Description Performance Standards Target Evidence/Relevant Documentation Address the long-term management of the marine turtles that utilise the east coast beaches and waters where there are proposal-related stressors to marine turtles Establish baseline information on the populations of marine turtles that utilise the beaches adjacent to the east coast facilities of Barrow Island identified in Conditions 6.3 and 14.3 of Statement No. 800 and Conditions 5.2 and 11.3 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178. Develop a long-term marine turtle management plan that addresses each of the requirements specified Condition 16.4 of Statement No. 800 and Condition 12.4 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178 Report on the status of Flatback Turtles using Barrow Island Collect and report baseline data for marine turtles that utilise the beaches adjacent to the east coast facilities of Barrow Island Develop the Gorgon Gas Development Long-term Marine Turtle Management Plan in consultation with the MTEP prior to the commencement of construction. Collect and report on five years of data for the following demographic parameters, and in the absence of any major disruptive forces: adult female survival probability adult female breeding probability egg hatching probability hatchling emergence probability hatchling disorientation hatchling misorientation nesting beach abundance (track count index of nesting attempts) annual nester abundance MTEP to provide advice to the Minister and the Proponent recommending approval of the Plan The Minister for Environment approves the Plan Summary of results included in the annual Environment Performance Report submitted to the Minister Results of studies undertaken, including those required by Condition 16.4.v of Statement No. 800 and Condition 12.4.v of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178 Results of marine turtle monitoring carried out by the Proponent, including any detected changes to the Flatback Turtle population Summary of results included in the annual Environment Performance Report submitted to the Minister for Environment Page 156 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

154 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Objectives Description Performance Standards Target Evidence/Relevant Documentation Establish a Monitoring Program to measure and detect changes to the Flatback Turtle populations Implement the monitoring programs described in Section 7.0 of this Plan In consultation with the MTEP, develop monitoring programs to measure and detect changes to the Flatback Turtle populations Annual completion of the monitoring programs as described in this Plan Review, and where necessary modify, the implementation of the monitoring programs 12 months after approval of this Plan; and then at Year 5 and then every 5 years over the duration of this Plan Results of all marine turtle monitoring carried out by the Proponent, including any detected changes to the Flatback Turtle population Review, and where necessary modify, the monitoring programs Conclusions about the status of Flatback and other marine turtle populations on Barrow Island Changes (if any) to the Long-Term Marine Turtle Management Plan required as part of Condition 16.1 of Statement No. 800 and Condition 12.4.i of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178. Summary of results included in the annual Environment Performance Report submitted to the Minister MTEP to review and provide advice to the Minister and Proponent in relation to the monitoring program Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 157 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

155 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Objectives Description Performance Standards Target Evidence/Relevant Documentation Detect proposal-attributed harm to, or mortalities of, marine turtles Number of Level 3 Incident Response Triggers 100% reporting of harm or mortality to Listed marine turtles attributable to the Gorgon Gas Development within 48 hours (Parks and Wildlife) and 24 hours (DotE) Marine Fauna Observer records Incident reports Summary of monitoring results included in the Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline annual Environment Performance Report submitted to the Minister MTEP to review and provide advice to the Minister and Proponent in relation to proposal-related stressors during the following activities: Marine Facilities Construction, Dredging and Spoil Disposal, Horizontal Directional Drilling, Offshore Feed Gas Pipeline Installation Consultation with the MTEP on results of incident response strategy Page 158 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

156 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Objectives Description Performance Standards Target Evidence/Relevant Documentation Specify design features, management measures and operating controls to manage, and where practicable, avoid adverse impacts to marine turtles, with specific reference to reducing light and noise emissions as far as practicable Implement the design features, management measures and operating controls described in this Plan Implement all management measures and operating controls, including lighting and noise strategies, identified in this Plan Annually audit and review the effectiveness of lighting design features, management measures and operating controls Implement improvements to lighting design features, management measures or operating controls in accordance with Condition 36 of Statement No. 800 and Conditions 25 and 26 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178. Review the implementation of each monitoring program related to light, noise and vibration 12 months after approval of this Plan; and then at Year 5 and then every 5 years over the duration of this Plan Review proposal-related risks in consultation with MTEP 12 months after approval of this Plan; and then at Year 5, and then every 5 years over the duration of this Plan to satisfy Condition 5.3 of Statement No Annual audit findings and review required by Condition 16.5 of Statement No. 800 and Condition 12.5 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178 on the effectiveness of lighting design features, management measures and operating controls including details of light management initiatives and activities undertaken during the year Results of each monitoring program described in this Plan for light, noise and vibration and a discussion on the success (or otherwise) in meeting noise emission targets Results of marine turtle monitoring carried out by the Proponent including any detected changes to the Flatback Turtle population Changes (if any) to the Long-Term Marine Turtle Management Plan required as part of Condition 16.1 of Statement No. 800 and Condition 12.1 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178. MTEP to review and provide advice to the Minister and Proponent in relation to design features Annual Compliance Report Five-year Environmental Performance Report Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 159 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

157 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Implementation, Auditing, Reporting, and Review 10.1 Training and Inductions All personnel (including contractors and subcontractors) are required to attend environmental inductions and training relevant to their role on the Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline. Training and induction programs facilitate the understanding personnel have of their environmental responsibilities, and increase their awareness of the management and protection measures required to reduce potential impacts on the environment. Chevron Australia has prepared the ABU Competency Development Process (Chevron Australia 2010a) to deal with the identification and assessment of required competencies for environmental roles, which it internally requires its employees, contractors, etc. to comply with. Environmental training and competency requirements for personnel, including contractors and subcontractors, are maintained in a Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline HES training matrix. Table 10-1 lists the specific training and induction requirements under this Plan. Table 10-1 Competency, Training, and Induction Requirements Induction/ Training Competency Training Training Personnel Details Timing Marine turtle specialists/ consultants Marine Fauna Observers All Chevron Australia site-based environmental practitioners Training/qualification in marine turtle biology, ecology and monitoring Training/experience in field observation and identification techniques for marine turtles Training/experience in construction site operations [Optional]: Training/experience in rehabilitation and/or captive care and management of marine turtles Training/experience in marine fauna field observation and identification techniques Recognising activities that may create interactions with turtles Recognising a sick or injured turtle; recognising when a turtle is not sick or injured Understanding requirements and expectations in the Fauna Handling and Management Common User Procedures (Chevron Australia 2013a) as they relate to marine turtles Information regarding basic biology of marine turtles, their location on the Island, and what to do when interaction with a turtle is unavoidable Construction and Operations Construction and Operations Construction and Operations 10.2 Environmental Management Documentation Figure 1-3 in Section of this Plan shows the hierarchy of environmental management documentation within which this Plan exists. The following sections describe each level of documentation in greater detail. Page 160 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

158 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Chevron ABU OE Documentation As part of the Chevron ABU, the Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline is governed by the requirements of the ABU Operational Excellence Management System (OEMS), within which a number of Operational Excellence (OE) Processes exist. The Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline will implement internally those OE Processes (and supporting OE Procedures) that apply to the Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline s activities, where they are appropriate and reasonably practicable. The key ABU OE Processes taken into account during the development of this Plan, with a description of the intent of the Process, are: HES Risk Management Process (Chevron Australia 2007a): Process for identifying, assessing and managing HES, operability, efficiency and reliability risks related to the Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline. Environmental Stewardship Process (Chevron Corporation 2007a): Applies during the Operations Phase of the Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline. Process for ensuring all environmental aspects are identified, regulatory compliance is achieved, environmental management programs are maintained, continuous improvement in performance is achieved, and alignment with ISO (Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand 2004) is achieved. Hazardous Communication Process (Chevron Australia 2006a): Process for managing and communicating chemical and physical hazards to the workforce. Management of Change Process (Chevron Australia 2008a): Process for assessing and managing risks stemming from permanent or temporary changes to reduce incidents. Contractor Health, Environment and Safety Management Process (Chevron Australia 2010b): Process for defining the critical roles, responsibilities and requirements to effectively manage contractors involved with the Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline. Competency Development Process (Chevron Australia 2010a): Process for ensuring that the workforce has the skills and knowledge to perform their jobs in an incident-free manner, and in compliance with applicable laws and regulations. Incident Investigation and Reporting Process (Chevron Australia 2010c): Process for reporting and investigating incidents (including near misses) to reduce or eliminate root causes of future incidents. Emergency Management Process (Chevron Australia 2010d): Process for providing organisational structures, management processes and tools necessary to respond to emergencies and to mitigate emergency and/or crisis situations. Compliance Assurance Process (Chevron Australia 2009d): Process for ensuring that HES and OE-related legal and policy requirements are recognised, implemented and periodically audited for compliance Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline Documentation Ministerial Plans and Reports In addition to this Plan, a number of other plans and reports have been (or will be) developed for the Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline that are required under State and/or Commonwealth Ministerial Conditions (see Figure 1-3). These documents address the requirements of specific Conditions and provide standards for environmental performance for the Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline. Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 161 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

159 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Common User Procedures The Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline Common User Procedures support the Ministerial plans and reports, and specify more detailed requirements and relevant considerations for specific environmental issues. These Common User Procedures support content within this Plan: Fauna Handling and Management Common User Procedure (Chevron Australia 2013a) Ecological Monitoring Common User Procedure (Chevron Australia 2009e) Environmental Management Plans A number of activity-specific Environmental Management Plans (EMPs) are required under Ministerial Conditions (see Figure 1-3); however, other internal work scope EMPs are also being developed to effectively manage specific work scopes for the Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline (see Section 5.0). These work scope EMPs will be developed and implemented such that any requirements specified in higher level documents (such as this Plan) are met. Gorgon personnel, including contractors and subcontractors, involved in a particular scope of work for the Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline are internally required to comply with the work scope EMP associated with that work scope, where reasonably practicable Impact Mitigation Strategies Impact Mitigation Strategies (IMSs) are aspect-based management standards developed for Construction that accompany the activity-specific EMPs (see Figure 1-3 and Section 5.0). The IMSs document the detailed management requirements associated with potential impacts for the Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline. Each IMS covers a particular environmental aspect that requires management (e.g. light, noise and vibration, atmospheric emissions, etc.). Personnel (including contractors and subcontractors) involved in that particular scope of work are internally required to comply with the IMSs where reasonably practicable. The IMSs also document requirements for contractors to develop internal work-scope EMPs for the Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline, which include work procedures to mitigate their impacts (such as such as step-by-step procedures and work method statements). The IMSs that support the content in this Plan are listed in Table Contractor and Subcontractor Documentation A variety of internal contractor and subcontractor documentation will be developed, including documents such as task-specific work procedures, work method statements and Job Hazard Analyses. These detailed documents will specify the way activities shall be performed in a stepby-step manner. These procedural documents are therefore specific to the Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline (where required) and include any environmental requirements that are detailed in higher level documentation relevant to the contractors /subcontractors scope of work (i.e. the IMSs and EMPs described in the previous sections) Auditing Internal Auditing Chevron Australia has prepared the internal ABU Compliance Assurance Process (Chevron Australia 2009d) to manage compliance, and which it internally requires its employees, contractors, etc. to comply with. This Process will also be applied to assess compliance of the Page 162 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

160 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline against the requirements of Statement No. 800, EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178, where this is appropriate and reasonably practicable. An internal Audit Schedule has been developed and will be maintained for the Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline (with input from the Engineering, Procurement and Construction Management [EPCM] Contractors) that includes audits of the Development s environmental performance and compliance with the Ministerial Conditions. A record of all internal audits and the audit outcomes is maintained. Actions arising from internal audits are tracked until their close-out. Under EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178, Condition 24 also requires that the person taking the action must maintain accurate records of activities associated with or relevant to the conditions of approval and make them available on request by DotE. Such documents may be subject to audit by DotE and used to verify compliance with the conditions of approval. To satisfy Condition 16.5 of Statement No. 800 and Condition 12.5 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178, an annual audit of lighting design features, management measures and operating controls (as described in Section 6.0) will be undertaken. Any document that is required to be implemented under this Plan will be made available to the relevant DotE/OEPA auditor External Auditing Audits and/or inspections undertaken by external regulators will be facilitated via the Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline s Regulatory Approvals and Compliance Team. The findings of external regulatory audits will be recorded and actions and/or recommendations will be addressed and tracked. Chevron Australia may also undertake independent external auditing during the Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline. Under EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178, Condition 23 also requires that upon the direction of the Minister, the person taking the action must ensure that an independent audit of compliance with the Conditions of approval is conducted and a report submitted to the Minister. The independent auditor must be approved by the Minister prior to the commencement of the audit. Audit criteria must be agreed to by the Minister and the audit report must address the criteria to the satisfaction of the Minister Reporting Compliance Reporting Condition 4 of Statement No. 800 and Condition 2 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178 requires Chevron Australia to submit a Compliance Assessment Report annually to address the previous 12-month period. A compliance audit table is provided in Appendix 4 to assist with auditing for compliance with this Plan for Statement No. 800 and EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/ Environmental Performance Reporting Condition 5.1 of Statement No. 800, and Condition 4 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178 require that Chevron Australia submits an annual Environmental Performance Report to the Western Australian Minister for the Environment and to the Commonwealth DotE respectively, for the previous 12-month period. In addition, under Condition 5.3 of Statement No. 800, and Condition 4.2 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178, every five years from the date of the first annual Report, Chevron Australia shall submit to the Western Australian Minister for the Environment an Environmental Performance Report covering the previous five-year period. Condition 5.3.v of Statement No. 800 and Condition 4.2.v of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178 specifically Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 163 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

161 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX requires a review of whether there are any reasonably practicable management measures, operating controls or design features that can be implemented to reduce or eliminate the alteration of the light horizon on the east coast beaches of Barrow Island as a result of the implementation of the Proposal (action). Specific details on the content of the Environmental Performance Report are defined in Condition 5.2, Condition 5.3 and Schedule 3 of Statement No. 800, and Schedule 3 of EPBC References: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178. The details contained in Schedule 3 of Statement No. 800 (and similarly EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178) specific to this Plan are: results of all marine turtle monitoring carried out by the Proponent including any detected changes to the Flatback Turtle population reportable incidents involving harm to marine turtles changes to the marine turtle monitoring program conclusions about the status of Flatback and other marine turtle populations on Barrow Island changes (if any) to the required as part of Condition 16.1 of Statement No. 800 findings of the annual audit and review required by Condition 16.5 of Statement No. 800 on the effectiveness of lighting design features, management measures, and operating controls including details of light management initiatives and activities undertaken during the year results of studies undertaken, including those undertaken as a requirement of Condition 16.4.v of Statement No. 800 noise monitoring results and a discussion on the success (or otherwise) in meeting noise emission targets Routine Internal Reporting The Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline will use a number of routine internal reporting formats to effectively implement the requirements of this Plan. Routine reporting is likely to include daily, weekly and/or monthly HES reports for specific scopes of work on the Development. These reports include information on a number of relevant environmental aspects, such as details of environmental incidents (if any), environmental statistics and records, records of environmental audits and inspections undertaken, status of environmental monitoring programs, tracking of environmental performance against performance indicators, targets and criteria, etc Incident Reporting and Response Strategy Incident Reporting Chevron Australia has prepared the ABU Emergency Management Process (Chevron Australia 2010d) and Incident Investigation and Reporting Process (Chevron Australia 2010c), which it internally requires its employees, contractors, etc. to follow in the event of environmental incidents. These processes will also be applied internally to environmental incidents identified in this Plan, where this is appropriate and reasonably practicable. Details of marine turtle harm or mortality incidents (including the following information, if known, time and date of incident, cause of injury/mortality, location, and the species) will also be documented in a Chevron Australia internal database. The environmental incidents, reporting requirements and timing specific to this Plan are provided in Table Page 164 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

162 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Table 10-2 Incident Reporting Requirements Incident Prepared by Reporting to Timing Harm or mortality to Listed marine fauna (including marine turtles) attributable to the Gorgon Gas Development Significant impacts detected by the monitoring program on matters of National Environmental Significance (attributable to the Gorgon Gas Development). Gorgon Environmental Program Team Leader or delegate Gorgon Environmental Program Team Leader or delegate DotE and Parks and Wildlife DotE Within 24 hours of detection Within 48 hours of detection Incident Response Strategy Management Triggers Adaptive management responses to marine turtle incidents (injury or mortality) associated with proposal-related activities will follow an incident investigation and action process aligned with the series of ecological management triggers (alert, review, action) as presented in Section 7.4. For each occurrence where an injured or dead turtle (or turtles) is found, Chevron Australia will undertake an investigation to diagnose the cause of the injury or death, and report any casualty following the incident reporting protocol of this Plan (Table 10-2). In the case of a Level 2 or Level 3 event, the MTEP will also be informed and consulted regarding the appropriate action. The investigation includes answers to questions such as, but not limited to: likely or possible cause(s) of incident likely or possible contributing factor(s) location of incident. The investigation will inform the implementation of three trigger levels to guide the management response to be taken if an injured or dead turtle (other than a hatchling) is found. For proposalrelated incidents involving hatchlings, Chevron Australia will investigate the cause or causes of the incident on a case-by-case basis. An investigation shall not prevent appropriate corrective actions or alternative management measures being implemented while it is being conducted. The three management trigger levels are: Level 1 An injured or dead turtle is found that is attributable to proposal-related activities. Should it be determined that current management measures are not being followed, appropriate action shall be taken to correct this deficiency. If management measures are being followed, an increased level of observation for further injured or dead turtles shall be implemented over the following week. Level 2 Three injured or dead turtles are found per seven-day period, or six per 28-day period, that are attributable to proposal-related activities. A review of current management measures shall be undertaken in consultation with the MTEP to identify alternative or additional practical management measures that could be undertaken. While the review is undertaken, interim management measures to prevent possible source or sources of harm shall be implemented, where practicable, to reduce the risks of further turtle injury or mortality. Level 3 Four injured or dead turtles are found per seven-day period, or nine per 28-day period, that are attributable to proposal-related activities. Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 165 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

163 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Immediate action shall be taken to implement alternative and/or additional management measures to the likely source or sources of harm, including temporary relocation or suspension of activities. A review of management measures shall be undertaken in consultation with the MTEP to identify longer-term alternatives or additional management measures to reduce the risks of further turtle injury or mortality. For Level 2 or Level 3 incidents, records of injury or casualty are made on a rolling-day or rolling-monthly basis (i.e. a count on Day 8 will include total counts for Days 2 8 (7-day period), a count on Day 9 will include total counts for Days 3 9, etc.). Following the implementation of management actions associated with an event, the effectiveness of the process and actions taken shall be periodically reviewed. The results will guide the adaptive management decisions and further actions as required Review of this Plan Chevron Australia is committed to conducting activities in an environmentally responsible manner and aims to implement best practice environmental management as part of a program of continuous improvement. This commitment to continuous improvement means Chevron Australia will review this Plan every five years and more often as required (e.g. in response to new information). Reviews will address matters such as the overall design and effectiveness of the Plan, progress in environmental performance, changes in environmental risks, changes in business conditions, and any relevant emerging environmental issues. If the Plan no longer meets the aims, objectives or requirements of the Plan, if works are not appropriately covered by the Plan, or measures are identified to improve the Plan, Chevron Australia may submit an amendment or addendum to the Plan to the Minister for approval under Condition 36 of Statement No If Chevron Australia wishes to carry out an activity otherwise than in accordance with the Plan, Chevron Australia will update the Plan and submit it for approval by the Minister in accordance with Condition 25 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178. The Commonwealth Minister may also direct Chevron Australia to revise the Plan under Condition 26 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178. Chevron Australia shall consult with the MTEP, Parks and Wildlife, and DotE in the future updating of this Plan as required under Condition 16.2 of Statement No. 800 and Condition 12.2 of EPBC Reference: 2003/1294 and 2008/4178. Page 166 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

164 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: 11.0 References Ackerman, R.A The nest environment and embryonic development of sea turtles. In: P.L. Lutz and J.A. Musick (eds) The Biology of Sea Turtles, Vol. 1. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida. Agardy, M.T Preliminary assessment of the impacts of Hurricane Hugo on sea turtle populations of the Eastern Caribbean. In: T.H.C. Richardson et al. (eds) Proceedings of the 10th Annual Workshop on Sea Turtle Biology and Conservation. NOAA Tech Memo NMFS-SEFSC-278, Hilton Island, South Carolina. American Petroleum Institute API 540 Electrical Installations in Petroleum Processing Plants. American Petroleum Institute, Washington DC. Anderson, M., Thompson, A Multivariate control charts for ecological and environmental monitoring. Ecological Applications 14, Australian and New Zealand Environment and Conservation Council and Agriculture and Resource Management Council of Australia and New Zealand (ANZECC/ARMCANZ) Australian and New Zealand Guidelines for Fresh and Marine Water Quality. National Water Quality Management Strategy Paper No 4. Australian and New Zealand Environment and Conservation Council and Agriculture and Resource Management Council of Australia and New Zealand. Canberra, Australian Capital Territory. Bartol, S.M., Musick, J.A. and Lenhardt, M.L Auditory evoked potentials of the Loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta). Copeia, 1999: Bennett, P., Keuper-Bennett, U. and Balazs, G.H Photographic evidence for the regression of fibropapillomas afflicting green turtles at Honokowai, Maui, in the Hawaiian Islands. In: H. Kalb and T. Wibbels (comps.), Proceedings of the Nineteenth Annual Symposium on Sea Turtle Conservation and Biology, March 2-6, 1999, South Padre Island, Texas, p US Dept Commerce. NOAA Tech. Memo. NMFS-SEFSC-443. Bjorndal, K.A Foraging Ecology and Nutrition in Sea Turtles. In: P.L. Lutz and J.A. Musick (eds) The Biology of Sea Turtles, Vol. 1: CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida. Blamires, S.J. and Guinea, M.L Emergence success of Flatback sea turtles (Natator depressus) at Fog Bay, Northern Territory, Australia. Chelonian Conservation and Biology, 4: Blumenthal, J.M., Solomon, J.L., Bell, C.D., Austin, T.J., Ebanks-Petrie, G., Coyne, M.S., Broderick, A.C. and Godley, B.J Satellite tracking highlights the need for international cooperation in marine turtle management. Endangered Species Research, 2: Booth, D.T. and Astill, K Incubation temperature, energy expenditure and hatchling size in the Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas), a species with temperature-sensitive sex determination. Australian Journal of Zoology, 49: Bossart, G.D Clinicopathological effects. In: Study of the effects of oil on Marine Turtles. Minerals Management Service Contract No Broderick, D., Moritz, C., Miller, J.D., Guinea, M., Prince, R.I.T. and Limpus, C.J Genetic studies of the Australian Hawksbill Eretmochelys imbricata: evidence for multiple stocks in Australian waters. Pacific Conservation Biology 1: Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 167 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

165 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Brown, A.C. and McLachlan, A Sandy shore ecosystems and the threats facing them: Some predictions for the year Environmental Conservation, 29: Bureau of Meteorology Tropical Cyclones in Western Australia Climatology. Bureau of Meteorology. Buskirk, J.V and Crowder, L.D Life History Variation in Marine Turtles. Copeia 1: Bustard, R.H. and Greenham, P Physical and chemical factors affecting hatchling in the green sea turtle, Chelonia mydas (L.). Ecology, 49: Caurant, F., Bustamante, P., Bordes, M., and Miramand, P Bioaccumulation Of Cadmium, Copper And Zinc In Some Tissues Of Three Species Of Marine Turtles Stranded Along The French Atlantic Coasts. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 38: Chaloupka, M Defining measurable limits for monitoring long-term status and trend for the flatback marine turtle population that nests on Barrow Island, Western Australia. Report prepared for Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. Chatto, R. and Baker, B The Distribution and Status of Marine Turtle Nesting in the Northern Territory. Parks and Wildlife Service, Northern Territory Government, Technical Report: 77. Chevron Australia Draft Gorgon Environmental Impact Statement/Environmental Review and Management Programme for the Proposed Gorgon Development. Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. Chevron Australia Final Environmental Impact Statement/Environmental Review and Management Programme for the Gorgon Gas Development. Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. Chevron Australia. 2006a. Hazardous Communication: ABU Standardised OE Process. Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. (OE ) Chevron Australia. 2007a. HES Risk Management: ASBU Standardized OE Process. Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. (OE ) Chevron Australia. 2007b. Gorgon Project Basis of Design for Lighting. Perth, Western Australia. Chevron Australia Gorgon Gas Development Revised and Expanded Proposal Public Environmental Review. Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. Chevron Australia. 2008a. Management of Change ABU Standardized OE Process. Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. (OE ) Chevron Australia. 2008b. Gorgon Gas Development Environmental Basis of Design. Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. (G1-TE-H-0000-PDBX001) Chevron Australia. 2008c. Gorgon Gas Development Basis of Design Quarantine Approved Premises. Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. Chevron Australia. 2009a. Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Coastal Stability Management and Monitoring Plan. Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. (G1-NT-PLNX ) Page 168 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

166 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Chevron Australia. 2009b. Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Dredging and Spoil Disposal Management and Monitoring Plan. Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. (G1-NT-PLNX ) Chevron Australia. 2009c. Guidelines for the Design of Quarantine Approved Premises. Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. (G1-NT-GDLX ) Chevron Australia. 2009d. ABU Compliance Assurance Process. Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. (OE ) Chevron Australia. 2009e. Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Ecological Monitoring Common User Procedure. Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. (G1- PP-HES-PRC-0017) Chevron Australia. 2010a. Competency Development: ABU Standardized OE Process. Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. (OE ) Chevron Australia. 2010b. Contractor Health, Environment and Safety Management (CHESM) Process ABU Standardised Process. Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. (OE ) Chevron Australia. 2010c. Incident Investigation and Reporting ABU Standardised OE Process Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. (OE ) Chevron Australia. 2010d. Emergency Management Process: ABU Standardised OE Process. Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. (OE ) Chevron Australia Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Horizontal Directional Drilling Management and Monitoring Plan, Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. Chevron Australia. 2012a. Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Coastal and Marine Baseline State and Environmental Impact Report. Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. (G1-NT-REPX ). Chevron Australia. 2012b. Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Marine Facilities Construction Environmental Management Plan. Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. (G1-NT-PLNX ) Chevron Australia. 2012c. Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Solid and Liquid Waste Management Plan. Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. (G1-NT- PLNX ) Chevron Australia. 2012d. Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Offshore Feed Gas Pipeline: Installation Management Plan. Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. (G1-NT- PLNX ) Chevron Australia. 2012e. Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Offshore Domestic Gas Pipeline Installation Management Plan. Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. (G1- NT-PLNX ) Chevron Australia. 2012f. Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Air Quality Management Plan. Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. (G1-NT-PLNX ) Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 169 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

167 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Chevron Australia. 2013a. Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Fauna Handling and Management Common User Procedure. Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. (G1-PP-HES-PRC-0009) Chevron Australia. 2013b. Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Reverse Osmosis Brine Disposal via Ocean Outfall Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan. Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. (G1-NT-REPX ) Chevron Australia. 2013c. Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Terrestrial and Subterranean Environment Monitoring Program. Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. (G1-NT-PLNX ) Chevron Australia Gorgon DomGas Pipeline Environment Plan Commissioning, Start- Up and Operation. Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. (GOR-COP-0660) Chevron Corporation Grey Manual Electrical Manual Section 1200 Lighting. Chevron USA, San Ramon, California. Chevron Corporation. 2007a. Environmental Stewardship Standardized OE Process. Chevron Corporation, San Ramon, California. Chevron Corporation. 2007b. Safety in Design Incorporating Human Factors. Chevron Corporation. Chevron Corporation Corporate RiskMan2 Procedure. Chevron Corporation, San Ramon, California. (OE ) Commonwealth Government of Australia, Assistant Secretary Environmental Assessment Branch, Anne-Marie Delahunt Decision to Approve the taking of an Action Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline (EPBC Reference: 2005/2184), 22 March Canberra, Australian Capital Territory. Commonwealth Government of Australia, Minister for the Environment and Water Resources, Malcolm Turnbull Approval Gorgon Gas Development (EPBC Reference: 2003/1294), 3 October Canberra, Australian Capital Territory. Commonwealth Government of Australia, Minister for the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts, Peter Garrett Approval Gorgon Gas Development (EPBC Reference: 2008/4178), 26 August Canberra, Australian Capital Territory. Department of Environment and Conservation Management Plan for the Montebello/Barrow Islands Marine Conservation Reserves Adopted by the Marine Parks and Reserves Authority; Marine Management Plan No. 55. Department of Environment and Conservation, Perth, Western Australia. Department of Environment and Conservation Regional Significance of the Barrow Island Flatback Turtle Population. Report prepared by the Department of Environment and Conservation, Perth, Western Australia. Dethmers, K.E., Broderick, D., Moritz, C. Fitzsimmons, N.N., Limpus, C.J., Lavery, S., Whiting, S., Guinea, M., Prince, R.I.T. and Kennet, R The genetic structure of Australasian green turtles (Chelonia mydas): exploring the geographical scale of genetic exchange. Molecular Ecology. 15: Page 170 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

168 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Dickerson, D.D., Nelson, M., Wolff, M. and Manners, L Summary of dredging impacts on sea turtles: King s Bay, Georgia and Cape Canaveral, Florida. In: M. Salmon and J.C. Wyneken (eds) Eleventh Annual Workshop on Sea Turtle Biology and Conservation, NOAA Technical Memorandum, NMFS-SEFSC-302, pp , Jekyll Island, Georgia, USA. Drake, D.L. and Spotila, J.R Thermal tolerances and the timing of sea turtle hatchling emergence. Journal of Thermal Biology, 27: Dutton, P., Broderick, D and FitzSimmons, N Defining management units: molecular genetics. In: I. Kinan (ed) Western Pacific Sea Turtle Cooperative Research & Management Workshop, Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council, Honolulu, Hawaii. Eckert, K.L., Bjorndal, K.A., Abreu-Grobois, F.A. and Donnelly, M. (eds) Research and Management Techniques for the Conservation of Sea Turtles. IUCN/SSC Marine Turtle Specialist Group, Washington, DC. Environment Australia Recovery Plan for Marine Turtles. Environment Australia, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory. Environmental Protection Authority Change to Gorgon Gas Development on Barrow Island Nature Reserve Statement No Approval under section 45C of the Environmental Protection Act Approval letter issued 21 May 2008, EPA Ref: DEC Doc Environmental Protection Authority, Perth, Western Australia. Foley, A.M., Peck, S.A. and Harman, G.R Effects of sand characteristics on and inundation on the hatching success of loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) clutches on low-relief mangrove islands in southwest Florida. Chelonian Conservation and Biology, 5: Foley, A.M., Schroeder, B.A., Redlow, A.E., Fick-Child, K.J. and Teas, W.G Fibropapillomatosis in stranded Green Turtles (Chelonia mydas) from the eastern United States ( ): Trends and associations with environmental factors. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 41: Fritts, T.H. and McGehee, M.A Effects of Petroleum on the Development and Survival of Marine Turtle Embryos. FWS/OBS-82/37 Contract No US Fish and Wildlife Service, US Dept. of the Interior, Washington, DC. Fuentes M.M.P.B., Dawson J., Smithers S., Limpus C.J., Hamann M Sedimentological characteristics of key sea turtle rookeries: potential implications under projected climate change. Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 61: George, R.H Health Problems and Diseases of Sea Turtles. In: P.L. Lutz and J.A. Musick (eds) The Biology of Sea Turtles, Vol. 1: CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida. Glen, F., Broderick, A.C., Godley, B.J. and Hays, G.C Thermal control of hatchling emergence patterns in marine turtles. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 344: Godley, B.J., Thompson, D.R. and Furness, R.W Do heavy metals concentrations pose a threat to marine turtles from the Mediterranean Sea? Marine Pollution Bulletin, 38: Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 171 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

169 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Gordon, A.N., Pople, A.R. and Ng, J Trace metal concentrations in livers and kidneys of sea turtles from south-eastern Queensland, Australia. Marine and Freshwater Research, 49: Government of Western Australia, Minister for the Environment, David Templeman MLA, Statement that a Proposal may be Implemented Gorgon Gas Development: Barrow Island Nature Reserve (Ministerial Statement No. 748), 6 September Perth, Western Australia. Government of Western Australia, Minister for the Environment, David Templeman MLA Statement that a Proposal may be Implemented Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Barrow Island Nature Reserve (Ministerial Statement No. 769), 28 May Perth, Western Australia. Government of Western Australia, Minister for the Environment, Youth, Donna Faragher JP MLC Statement that a Proposal may be Implemented Gorgon Gas Development Revised and Expanded Proposal: Barrow Island Nature Reserve (Ministerial Statement No. 800), 10 August Perth, Western Australia. Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority Dredging. Available from: _management/dredging [Accessed:2 June 2011] Gyuris, E Factors that control the emergence of Green Turtle hatchlings from the nest. Wildlife Research, 20: Hamann, M., Owens, D. and Limpus, C.J Reproductive cycles in male and female sea turtles. In: P.L. Lutz, J.A. Musick and J. Wyneken (eds) The Biology of Sea Turtles, Vol. 2. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida. Hamann, M., Schauble, C.S. and Jessop, T.S Fuel use and corticosterone dynamics in hatchling green sea turtles. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 353: Harewood, A. and Horrocks, J Impacts of coastal development on Hawksbill hatchling survival and swimming success during the initial offshore migration. Biological Conservation, 141: Hays, G.C The Implications of Variable Remigration Intervals for the Assessment of population size in Marine turtles. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 206: Hays, G.C., Akesson, S., Godley, B.J., Luschi, P. and Santidrian, P. 2001a. The implications of location accuracy for the interpretation of satellite tracking data. Anim Behav, 61: Hays, G.C., Ashworth, J.S., Barnsley, M.J., Broderick, A.C., Emery, D.R., Godley, B.J., Henwood, A. and Jones, E.L. 2001b. The importance of sand albedo for the thermal conditions on sea turtle nesting beaches. Oikos, 93: Hays, G.C., Speakman, J.R. and Hayes, J.P The pattern of emergence by Loggerhead Turtle (Caretta caretta) hatchlings on Cephalonia, Greece. Herpetologica, 48: Hazel, J., Lawler, I.R., Marsh, H. and Robson, S Vessel speed increases collision risk for the Green Turtle Chelonia mydas. Endangered Species Research, 3: Page 172 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

170 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Hendrickson, J.R Nesting behaviour of sea turtle with emphasis on physical and behavioural determinants of nesting success or failure. In: K. Bjorndal (ed) Biology and Conservation of Sea Turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC. Herbst, L.H Fibropapillomatosis of marine turtles. Annual Review of Fish Diseases, 4: Herbst, L.H. and Klein, P.A Green Turtle Fibropapillomatosis: Challenges to Assessing the Role of Environmental Cofactors. Environmental Health Perspectives, 103. Hewavisenthi, S. and Parmenter, C.J Influence of incubation environment on the development of the Flatback Turtle (Natator depressus). Copeia, 3: Hewavisenthi, S. and Parmenter, C.J. 2002a. Incubation environment and nest success of the Flatback Turtle (Natator depressus) from a natural nesting beach. Copeia, 2002: Hewavisenthi, S. and Parmenter, C.J. 2002b. Thermosensitive period for sexual differentiation of the gonads of the Flatback Turtle (Natator depressus Garman). Australian Journal of Zoology, 50: Hirth, H.F Synopsis of the Biological Data on the Green Turtle Chelonia mydas (Linneaeus 1758). In: Biological Report 97, August 1997, Fish and Wildlife Service, US Department of the Interior, Washington, DC. Hope, R. and Smit, N Marine turtle monitoring in Gurig National Park and Cobourg Marine Park. In: R. Kennett, A. Webb, G. Duff, M. Guinea and G. Hill (eds) Marine Turtle Conservation and Management in Northern Australia, p Northern Territory University, Darwin, Australia. Horrocks, J.A. and Scott, N.M Nest site location and nest success in the Hawksbill Turtle Eretmochelys behaviour in Barbados, West Indies. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 69: 1 8. Illuminating Engineering Society of North America Marine Lighting (RP-12-97). Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, New York, NY. International Commission on Illumination (Corrected 1988) Method of Measuring and Specifying Colour Rendering Properties of Light Sources. CIE Bureau Central, Vienna, Austria. International Organization for Standardization ISO Lighting of Work Places (Part 3): Lighting requirements for Safety and Security of Outdoor Work Places. Geneva, Switzerland. International Safety Guide for Oil Tankers and Terminals International Safety Guide for Oil Tankers and Terminals. International Chamber of Shipping (ICS), Oil Companies International Marine Forum (OCIMF), International Association of Ports and Harbors (IAPH). Kebodeaux, T.R Loggerheads: Increased sea turtle sightings present no cause for concern. UnderWater Magazine, 1994: Summer. Kellogg Joint Venture Gorgon (prepared for Chevron Australia). 2008a. Specifications for the Basis of Design for LNG Jetty. Kellogg Joint Venture Gorgon, Perth, Western Australia. (G1-TE-T-7000-SPC5001). Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 173 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

171 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Kellogg Joint Venture Gorgon (prepared for Chevron Australia). 2008b. Materials Offloading Facility Basis of Design. Kellogg Joint Venture Gorgon, Perth, Western Australia. (G1-TE- T-7400-PDB0501) Kellogg Joint Venture Gorgon (prepared for Chevron Australia). 2008c. Basis of Design for Electrical Power Systems. Kellogg Joint Venture Gorgon, Perth, Western Australia. (G1- TE-E-0000-PDB0001) Koch, A.U. and Guinea, M.L Lower nesting success of Flatback Turtles caused by disorientation. Marine Turtle Newsletter, 114: 16. Koch, A.U., Guinea, M.L. and Whiting, S.D Effects of sand erosion and current harvest practices on incubation of the Flatback sea turtle (Natator depressus). Australian Journal of Zoology, 55: Koch, A.U., Guinea, M.L. and Whiting, S.D Asynchronous Emergence of Flatback Seaturtles, Natator Depressus, from a Beach Hatchery in Northern Australia. Journal of Herpetology, 42: 1 8. Lewis, J.A Effects of Underwater Explosives on Life in the Sea. DSTO-GC-0080, Department of Defence, Science and Technology Organisation. Limpus, C.J Sea turtle ocean finding behaviour. Search, 2: Limpus, C.J The Green Turtle, Chelonia mydas, in Queensland: breeding males in the southern Great Barrier Reef. Wildlife Research, 20: Limpus, C.J Western Australian Marine Turtle Review. Department of Conservation and Land Management, Perth, Western Australia. Limpus, C.J A Biological Review of Australian Marine turtles. State of Queensland, Environmental Protection Agency. Limpus, C.J. and Miller, J.D The Occurrence of Cutaneous Fibropapillomas in Marine turtles in Queensland. In: R. James (ed) Proceedings of the Australian Marine Turtle Conservation Workshop, Gold Coast November p Queensland Department of Environment and Heritage. Australian Nature Conservation Authority (ANCA), Canberra, Australian Capital Territory. Limpus, C.J. and Reed, P.C Green sea turtles stranded by Cyclone Kathy on the southwestern coast of the Gulf of Carpentaria. Australian Wildlife Research, 12: Limpus, C.J., Baker, V. and Miller, J.D Movement induced mortality of Loggerhead eggs. Herpetologica, 35: Limpus, C.J., Couper, P.J. and Couper, K.L.D Crab Island revisited: reassessment of the world s largest Flatback Turtle rookery after twelve years. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 33: Limpus, C.J., Zeller, D., Kwan, D. and MacFarlane, W Sea-turtle rookeries in the Northwestern Torres Strait. Australian Wildlife Research, 16: Lohmann, K.J Magnetic orientation by hatchling Loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta). Journal of Experimental Biology, 155: Lohmann, K.J Magnetic compass orientation. Nature, 362: 703. Page 174 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

172 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Lohmann, K.J. and Lohmann, C.M.F Orientation to oceanic waves by Green Turtle hatchlings. Journal of Experimental Biology, 171: Lohmann, K.J. and Lohmann, C.M.F Acquisition of magnetic directional preferences in hatchling Loggerhead sea turtles. Journal of Experimental Biology, 190: 1 8. Lohmann, K.J. and Lohmann, C.M.F Detection of magnetic field intensity by sea turtles. Nature, 380: Lohmann, K.J., Salmon, M. and Wyneken, J Functional Autonomy of Land and Sea Orientation Systems in Sea Turtle Hatchlings. Biological Bulletin, 179: Lohmann, K.J., Witherington, B.E., Lohmann, C.M.F. and Salmon, M Orientation, navigation and natal beach homing in sea turtles. In: P.L. Lutz and J.A. Musick (eds) The Biology of Sea Turtles, Vol. 1: CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida. Lorne, J.K. and Salmon, M Effects of Exposure to Artificial Lighting on Orientation of Hatchling Sea Turtles on the Beach and in the Ocean. Endangered Species Research, 3: Lutcavage, M.E., Plotkin, P., Witherington, B.E. and Lutz, P.L Human impact on sea turtle survival. In: P.L. Lutz and J.A. Musick (eds) The Biology of Sea Turtles, Vol. 1. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida. Lutz, P., Lutcavage, M. and Hudson, D. (eds) Physiological effects. In: Study of the effects of oil on marine turtles. Minerals Management Service Contract No Florida Institute of Oceanography, Saint Petersburg, Florida. Manly, B., and Mackenzie, D A cumulative sum type method for environmental monitoring. Environmetrics, 11: Maritime and Coastguard Agency Code of Safe Working Practices for Mariners. Maritime and Coastguard Agency, Southampton, UK. Martin, R.E Storm impacts on Loggerhead reproductive success. Marine Turtle Newsletter, 73: Matsushita, F., Yamamoto, A., Horiike, I., Watanabe, M., Sagisaka, T., Onoda, Y. and Matsushita, S The impact from beach erosion and heat wave on the Loggerhead Turtle hatchling success rate at Sagara Coast in Japan. In: N. Pilcher (comp.) Twentythird Annual Symposium on Sea Turtle Biology and Conservation: March 2003, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, pp US Department of Commerce, NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-SEFSC-536. Matsuzawa, Y., Sato, K., Sakamoto, W. and Bjorndal, K.A Seasonal fluctuations in sand temperature: effects on the incubation period and mortality of Loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) pre-emergent hatchlings in Minabe, Japan. Marine Biology, 140: McCauley, R.D., Fewtrall, J., Duncan, A.J. Jenner, C., Jenner M-N, Penrose, J.D., Prince, R.I.T., Adhitya, A., Murdoch, J. and McCabe, K Marine seismic surveys a study of environmental implications. APPEA Journal Miller, J.D Reproduction in Sea Turtles. In: P.L. Lutz and J.A. Musick (eds) The Biology of Sea Turtles, Vol. 1: CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida. Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 175 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

173 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Milton, S., Leone-Kabler, S., Schulman, A.A. and Lutz, P Effects of Hurricane Andrew on the sea turtle nesting beaches of South Florida. Bulletin of Marine Science, 54: Milton, S.L. and Lutz, P.L Physiological and genetic responses to environmental stress. In: P.L. Lutz, J.A. Musick and J.A. Wyneken (eds) The Biology of Sea Turtles, Vol. 2: CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida. Minerals Management Service Gulf of Mexico OCS Oil and Gas Lease Sales 189 and 197 Eastern Planning Area Environmental Impact Statement. Rep No. MMS Minerals Management Service, US Department of the Interior. Minerals Management Service Gulf of Mexico OCS Oil and Gas Lease Sales: , Western Planning Area Sales 204, 207, 210, 215 and 218, Central Planning Area Sales 205, 206, 208, 213, 216 and 222, Final Environmental Impact Statement, Rep. No. OCS EIS/EA MMS Minerals Management Service, US Department of the Interior. Mobil Australia Referral of a Proposal to the Environmental Protection Authority under Section 38(1) of the Environmental Protection Act Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline. 7 February 2005, Mobil Australia, Perth, Western Australia. Mobil Australia Referral of Proposed Action Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline. [Referral under EPBC Act to Department of Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts]. 17 June 2005, Mobil Australia, Perth, Western Australia. Moein, S., Musick, J. and Lenhardt, M.L Auditory Evoked Potential of the Loggerhead Sea Turtle (Caretta caretta). Copeia, 3: Moritz, C.B., Broderick, D., Dethmers, K., FitzSimmons, N. and Limpus, C Population genetics of southeast Asian and western Pacific Green Turtles, Chelonia mydas. Final report to United Nations Environment Program/Convention on Migratory Species (UNEP/CMS). Morrison, L The use of control charts to interpret environmental monitoring data. Natural Areas Journal, 28: Mortimer J.A Influence of Beach Sand Characteristics on Nesting Behaviour and Clutch Survival of Green Turtles (Chelonia mydas). Copeia, 3: Mota, M. and Peterson, B.V Beach Renourishment and its Impact on Gas Concentrations in Loggerhead Sea Turtle Nests in Florida. In: N. Pilcher (comp.) Twentythird Annual Symposium on Sea Turtle Biology and Conservation: March 2003, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. US Department of Commerce, NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-SEFSC-536. Mrosovsky, N Nocturnal emergence of hatchling sea turtles: control by thermal inhibition of activity. Nature, 220: Mrosovsky, N. and Carr, A Preference for light of short wavelengths in hatchling green sea turtles, Chelonia mydas, tested in their natural nesting beaches. Behaviour, 28: Musick, J.A. and Limpus, C.J Habitat utilisation and migration in juvenile sea turtles. In: P.L. Lutz and J.A. Musick (eds) The Biology of Sea Turtles, Vol. 1: CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida. Page 176 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

174 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: National Research Council Decline of the sea turtles: Causes and prevention. National Academy Press, Washington, DC. Nelson, D.A., Dickerson, D.D., Reine, K.J. and Dickerson Jr, C.E Sea Turtles and Dredging: Potential Solutions. In: Fourteenth International Symposium on Sea Turtle Biology and Conservation, NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-SEFSC-351, p 267. O Hara, J. and Wilcox, J.R Avoidance responses of Loggerhead Turtles, Caretta caretta, to low frequency sound. Copeia, 1990: Oil Companies International Marine Forum Guidance for Oil Terminal Operators, International Maritime Organisation International Ship and Port Facility Security Code (ISPS Code). Parmenter, C.J Incubation of the eggs of the green sea turtle, Chelonia mydas, in Torres Strait, Australia: the effect of movement on hatchability. Australian Wildlife Research, 7: Parmenter, C.J Species Review: The Flatback Turtle Natator depressa. In: R. James (ed) Proceedings of the Australian Marine Turtle Conservation Workshop, Gold Coast November Queensland Department of Environment and Heritage. Australian Nature Conservation Authority (ANCA), Canberra, Australian Capital Territory. Pendoley Environmental Australian Flatback nesting Relative Rookery Size Estimates Report submitted to Chevron Australia, Perth, Australia. Pendoley Environmental. 2007a. Gorgon Project: Sea Turtle Light Glow Arena Experiments, February Unpublished report for Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. Pendoley Environmental. 2007b. Draft Gorgon Project: Sea Turtle Monitoring Program Results December 2006 to March 2007, Rep. No. J01009 Ver A. Unpublished report for Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. Pendoley Environmental. 2008a. Gorgon Project: Barrow Island Sea Turtle Nesting Beach Sediment Characteristics December 2007 February Unpublished report for Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. Pendoley Environmental. 2008b. Gorgon Project: Flatback Nest Success Report 2007/2008 Season. Unpublished report for Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. Pendoley Environmental. 2008c. Gorgon Project: Flatback Tagging Program, Triennial Report. Unpublished Report to Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. Pendoley Environmental. 2008d. Gorgon Gas Development: Sea Turtle Track Census and Hatchling Fan Monitoring Program November 2007 to April 2008 and Five Year review and Analysis. Unpublished report for Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. Pendoley Environmental. 2008e. Gorgon Project: Satellite Tracking Of Flatback Turtles From Barrow Island And Mundabullangana Station. Unpublished report for Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. Pendoley Environmental. 2008f. Reproductive Success of Flatback Turtles (Natator depressus) on BWI 2007/08 Season. Unpublished report for Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 177 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

175 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Pendoley Environmental. 2008g. Barrow Island Sea Turtle L-Maze Experiments. Unpublished report for Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. Pendoley Environmental Gorgon Project: Gorgon Gas Development Barrow Island and Mundabullangana Flatback Turtle Tagging Program 2005/06 to 2008/09. Unpublished Report to Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia Pendoley Environmental. 2009a. Gorgon Project: Reproductive success of Flatback Turtles on Barrow Island 2008/2009. Unpublished Report to Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. Pendoley Environmental Gorgon Project: Barrow Island And Mundabullangana Baseline Light Monitoring. Unpublished Report to Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. Pendoley, K Impact of Artificial Lighting on Sea Turtles: A Review. Unpublished report for Apache Energy, Perth, Western Australia. Pendoley, K The influence of gas flares on the orientation of Green Turtle hatchlings at Thevenard Island, Western Australia. In: N. Pilcher and G. Ismail (eds) Second ASEAN Symposium and Workshop on Sea Turtle biology and Conservation, pp ASEAN Academic Press, Kota Kinabalu, Borneo. Pendoley, K. 2005a. Sea Turtles and Industrial Activity on the North West Shelf, Western Australia. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia. Pendoley, K. 2005b. Proposed Gorgon Gas Development: Sea Turtle Light Orientation Arena Experiments, 1 6 February Unpublished report for ChevronTexaco, Perth, Western Australia. Pendoley, K Preliminary findings of the Gorgon Flatback satellite tracking program nesting season. Unpublished report for Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. Pendoley, K., Chaloupka, M. and Prince, R. (in press). A positive conservation outlook for the most atypical marine turtle species in the world: The endemic Flatback. Endang. Sp. Res. Pendoley, K., Long, V. and Stanley, F.J Onslow to Cape Preston Coastal Islands Survey, October November Unpublished trip report to Tap Oil, Perth, Western Australia. Peters, A., Verhoeven, K.J.F. and Strijbosch, H Hatching and emergence in the Turkish Mediterranean Loggerhead Turtle, Caretta caretta: Natural causes for egg and hatchling failure. Herpetologica, 50: Pettersson, M Monitoring a freshwater fish population: statistical surveillance of biodiversity. Environmetrics, 9: Pike, D.A Natural Beaches confer fitness benefits to nesting marine turtles. Biology Letters, 1 3. Pilcher, N Cement dust pollution as a cause of sea turtle hatchling mortality at Ras Baridi, Saudi Arabia. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 38: Pilcher, N. and Oakley, S Unsustainable fishing practices: Crisis in coral reef ecosystems of South-East Asia. Oceanology International 97 Pacific Rim, 1: Page 178 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

176 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Poland, R., Hall, G and Venizelos, L Sea Turtles and Tourists: The Loggerhead Turtles of Zakynthos (Greece) In: H.A. Doody (ed) Directions in European Coastal Management. Samara Publishing Limited, Cardigan, UK. Prince, R.I.T Status of the Western Australian Marine Turtle Populations: The Western Australian Marine Turtle Project In: R. James (ed) Proceedings of the Australian Marine Turtle Conservation Workshop, Gold Coast November p 14. Queensland Department of Environment and Heritage. Australian Nature Conservation Authority (ANCA), Canberra, Australian Capital Territory. Prince, R.I.T., Lawler, I.R. and Marsh, R The distribution and abundance of dugong and other mega vertebrates in Western Australian coastal waters extending seaward of the 20m isobath between North West Cape and the De Grey River mouth, Western Australia. April Report for Environment Australia. Raidal, S.R. and Prince, R.I.T First confirmation of multiple fibropapillomas in a Western Australian Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas). Marine Turtle Newsletter, 74, 7 9. Reine, K.J. and Clarke, D Entrainment by hydraulic dredges A review of potential impacts. US Army Corps of Engineers, Environmental Laboratory, Vicksburg, Mississippi. Rice, T.M. and Hall, H.F Wilmington Harbour, North Carolina, 96 Act, New Hanover and Brunswick Counties, North Carolina. Supplement to the Final Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act Report. US Fish and Wildlife Service, Raleigh Field Office, Raleigh, North Carolina. RPS Marine baseline survey, Gorgon Project on Barrow Island, Field Report for July- August Unpublished report prepared for Chevron Australia, Perth, Western Australia. Sakai, H., Sawki, K., Ichihashi, H., Suganuma, H., Tanabe, S. and Tatsukawa, R Species-specific distribution of heavy metals in tissues and organs of Loggerhead Turtle (Caretta caretta) and Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas) from Japanese coastal waters. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 40: Salmon, M Artificial night lighting and sea turtles. Biologist, 50: Salmon, M Protecting Sea Turtles from Artificial Night Lighting at Florida s Oceanic Beaches. In: C. Rich and T. Longcore (eds) Ecological Consequences of Artificial Night Lighting. pp Island Press, Washington, DC. Salmon, M. and Lohmann, K.J Orientation cues used by hatchling Loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) during their offshore migration. Ethology, 83. Salmon, M. and Witherington, B.E Artificial lighting and sea finding by Loggerhead hatchlings: evidence for lunar modulation. Copeia, 1995: Salmon, M. and Wyneken, J Orientation and swimming behaviour of hatchling Loggerhead Turtles Caretta caretta L. during their offshore migration. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 109: Salmon, M. and Wyneken, J Do swimming Loggerhead Turtles (Caretta caretta L.) use light cues for offshore orientation? Marine Behavior and Physiology, 17: Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 179 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

177 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Salmon, M., Wyneken, J., Fritz, E. and Lucas, M Ocean-finding by hatchling sea turtles: role of brightness, silhouette and beach slope orientation cues. Behaviour, 122(1 2): Samuel, Y., Morreale, S.J., Clark, C.W., Greene, C.H. and Richmond, M.E Underwater, low-frequency noise in a coastal sea turtle habitat. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 117: Schauble, C., Kennett, R. and Winderlich, S Flatback turtle (Natator depressus) nesting at Field Island, Kakadu National Park, Northern Territory: A summary of nesting beach data for Chelonian Conservation and Biology. 5: Schipper, M., den Hartog, J. and Meelis, E Sequential analysis of environmental monitoring data. Environmetrics, 8: Schwartz, F.J Correlations of nest sand asymmetry and percent Loggerhead sea turtle nest hatch in North Carolina determined by geological sorting analysis. The ASB Bulletin, 29: 83. Southall, B.L., Bowles, A.E., Ellison, W.T., Finneran, J.J., Gentry, R.L., Greene, C.R. Jr., Kastak, D., Ketten, D.R., Miller, J.H., Nachtigall, P.E., Richardson, W.J., Thomas, J.A. and Tyack, P Marine Mammal Noise Exposure Criteria: Initial Scientific Recommendations. Aquatic Mammals, 33: Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand AS/NZS 3931:1998 Risk Analysis of Technological Systems Application Guide. Sydney, Australia/Wellington, New Zealand. Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand. 2004a. ISO 14001:2004 Environmental Management Systems Requirements with Guidance for Use. Sydney, Australia/Wellington, New Zealand. Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand. 2004b. AS/NZS 4360:2004 Risk Management. Sydney, Australia/Wellington, New Zealand. Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand HB 203:2006 Environmental Risk Management Principles and Process. Sydney, Australia/Wellington, New Zealand. Storellia, M., Baronea, G., Storellia, A. and Marcotrigiano, G Total and subcellular distribution of trace elements (Cd, Cu and Zn) in the liver and kidney of Green Turtles (Chelonia mydas) from the Mediterranean Sea. Chemosphere, 7: SVT Engineering Consultants Summary of Gorgon Noise and Vibration Monitoring Program December 2009 March Unpublished report for Chevron Australia, SVT Engineering Consultants, Perth, Western Australia. Tuxbury, S.M. and Salmon, M Competitive interactions between artificial lighting and natural cues during seafinding by hatchling marine turtles. Biological Conservation, 121: US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station Sea Turtle Research Program Summary Report. US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Mississippi. Page 180 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

178 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Van Rhijn, F.A. and Van Gorkom, J.C Optic orientation in hatchlings of the sea turtle, Chelonia mydas. III Sea-finding behaviour: the role of photic and visual orientation in animals walking on the spot under laboratory conditions. Marine Behaviour and Physiology, 9: Vanderlely, R Nesting ecology of Flatback sea turtles of West Alligator Head and Field Island, Kakadu National Park. MSc Thesis, Northern Territory University, Darwin, Australia. Verheijn, F.J Photopollution: Artificial light optic spatial control systems fail to cope with. Incidents, causations, remedies. Experimental Biology, 44: Vetter, W., Scholz, E., Gaus, J.F., Muller, J.F. and Haynes, D Anthropogenic and Natural Organohalogen Compounds in Blubber of Dolphins and Dugongs (Dugong dugon) from Northeastern Australia. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 41: Viada, S.T., Hammer, R.M., Racca, R., Hannay, D., Thompson, M.J., Balcom, B.J. and Phillips, N.W Review of the potential impacts to sea turtles from underwater explosive removal of offshore structures. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 28: Walker, T.A. and Parmenter, J Absence of a pelagic phase in the life cycle of the Flatback Turtle, Natator depressa (Garman). Journal of Biogeography, 17: Whiting, A.U., Thomson, A., Chaloupka, M. and Limpus, C.J Seasonality, abundance and breeding biology of one of the largest populations of nesting Flatback Turtles, Natator depressus: Cape Domett, Western Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology, 56: Witherington, B.E Behavioural response of nesting sea turtles to artificial lighting. Herpetologica, 48: Witherington, B.E. and Martin, R.E Understanding, Assessing, and Resolving Light Pollution Problems on Sea Turtle Nesting Beaches, Rep. No. FMRI Technical Report TR- 2. Florida Department of Environmental Protection. Wood, D.W. and Bjorndal, K Relation of Temperature, Moisture, Salinity, and Slope to Nest Site Selection in Loggerhead Turtles. Copeia, 1: Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 181 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

179 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Appendix 1 Reference List Photo-pollution Documents Pendoley, K. (2000). The influence of gas flares on the orientation of Green Turtle hatchlings at Thevenard Island, Western Australia. In Second ASEAN Symposium and Workshop on Sea Turtle biology and Conservation (eds N. Pilcher and G. Ismail), pp ASEAN Academic Press, Kota Kinabalu, Borneo. Pendoley, K. (2004). Proposed Gorgon Gas Development: Barrow Island light survey. Pendoley Environmental Pty Ltd, Perth. Pendoley, K. (2004). Thevenard Island and Barrow Island Light Survey, July Unpublished report to Chevron, Perth. Pendoley, K. (2005). Proposed Gorgon Gas Development: Sea Turtle Light Orientation Arena Experiments, 1 6 February Unpublished report to ChevronTexaco, Perth. Pendoley, K. (2005). Thevenard Island and Barrow Island Follow-up Light Survey, September 2005, Perth. Pendoley, K. (2006). Proposed Gorgon Gas Development: Sea turtle glow arena experiments, February March 2006, Rep. No. J01004 ver 1. Unpublished report to Chevron Australia Gorgon Project, Perth. Pendoley, K. (2007). Thevenard Island and Barrow Island Follow-up light survey, Rep. No. R02002, Perth. Pendoley Environmental (2004). Gorgon Gas Development proposal, light studies, Burrup plant survey, 23 April Unpublished Report to Gorgon Project team, Perth. Pendoley Environmental (2006). Proposed Gorgon Gas Development Barrow Island Sea Turtle Light Glow Arena Experiments February March pp14. Pendoley Environmental (2007). Gorgon Project: Sea Turtle Light Glow Arena Experiments, February Unpublished Report to Chevron, Perth. Pendoley Environmental (2008). Barrow Island Sea Turtle L-Maze Experiments. Unpublished Report to Chevron, Perth. Pendoley Environmental (2008). Proposed Gorgon Gas Development Barrow Island Sea Turtle Glow Arena Experiments February Reproductive Population Assessment Documents Pendoley, K. (2006). Proposed Gorgon Gas Development: Flatback Tagging Program 2005/2006 Nesting Season Preliminary Report. Unpublished report to Chevron Perth. Pendoley, K. (2006). Proposed Gorgon Gas Development: Sea Turtle Monitoring Program Results October 2005 to May 2006, Rep. No. J01001 ver 0. Unpublished report to Chevron Australia, Perth. Pendoley Environmental (2005). Proposed Gorgon Development Sea Turtle Monitoring Program Results November 2004 February Pendoley Environmental (2007). Gorgon Project: Sea Turtle Monitoring Program Results No. PENV-J01005 ver 5. Pendoley Environmental Pty Ltd, Perth. Pendoley Environmental (2006). Australian Flatback nesting relative rookery size estimates, Rep. Page 182 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

180 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Pendoley, K. and Vitenbergs, A. (2006). Protocol for the Barrow Island marine turtle flipper tagging program Perth. December 2006 to March 2007, Rep. No. J01009 Ver A. Unpublished Report to Chevron, Perth. Pendoley Environmental (2008). Gorgon Project: Flatback Nest Success Report 2007/2008 season. Unpublished Report for Chevron. Pendoley Environmental (2008). Gorgon Project: Flatback Nest Success Study Season. Unpublished Report for Chevron, Perth. Pendoley Environmental (2008). Gorgon Project: Flatback Tagging Program, Triennial Report. Unpublished Report to Chevron, Perth. Pendoley Environmental (2008). Gorgon Project: Sea Turtle Track Census and Fan Monitoring Program, Annual and Triennial Review. Unpublished Report to Chevron, Perth. Reproductive Habitat Assessment Documents Pendoley Environmental (2008). Gorgon Project: Barrow Island Sea Turtle Nesting Beach Sediment Characteristics December 2007 February Unpublished Report to Chevron, Perth. Satellite Tracking Documents Pendoley Environmental (2008). Gorgon Project: Satellite Tracking Of Flatback Turtles From Barrow Island And Mundabullangana Station. Unpublished Report to Chevron, Perth. Pendoley, K. (2006). Satellite tracking Flatback Turtles (Natator depressus) in Western Australia. Unpublished report to Chevron Australia Pty Ltd, Perth. Pendoley, K. (2006). Preliminary findings of the Gorgon Flatback satellite tracking program nesting season, Perth. Environmental Impact Assessment Documents Pendoley, K. (2002). Review of the Implications of the Proposed Gorgon Gas Development upon Sea Turtles, Perth. Pendoley, K. (2004). Proposed Gorgon Gas Development: Barrow Island Environmental Impact Assessment Sea Turtles, Perth. Pendoley, K. (2005). Environmental Impact Statement/Environmental Review and Management Programme for the proposed Gorgon Development. Technical Appendix C7, Perth. Pendoley, K. (2005). Proposed Gorgon Development, Sea Turtle Monitoring Program Results: November 2004 to February 2005, Perth. Other Documents Pendoley, K. (2002). Sea turtle records of Barrow Island, Western Australia. The Western Australian Naturalist, 23. Pendoley, K. (2005). Sea Turtles and Industrial Activity on the North West Shelf, Western Australia. PhD, Murdoch University, Perth. Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 183 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed

181 Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Document No.: G1-NT-PLNX Pendoley, K., Chaloupka, M., and Prince, R.I.T. (in press) A positive conservation outlook for the most atypical marine turtle species in the world: The endemic Flatback. Endangered Species Research. Pendoley, K., Levien, V., Barr, E., Foster, C., and Oates, J. (2008). Environmental Impacts on Sea Turtles. A Literature Review. Rep. No. R-J01006 ver B. Pendoley Environmental Pty Ltd, Perth. Pendoley Environmental (2007). Gorgon Project: Horizontal Geotechnical Pilot Hole Program Sea Turtle Monitoring, Rep. No. J Copy # 3. Unpublished Report to Chevron, Perth. Page 184 Public Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Uncontrolled when Printed Printed Date: 3 March 2016

182 Document No: G1-NT-PLNX Gorgon Gas Development and Jansz Feed Gas Pipeline: Appendix 2 Notes: Chevron Integrated Risk Prioritization Matrix This RiskMan2 matrix was used for the HAZID and Risk Assessment Consequences are risk assessed without mitigation measures in place. Likelihood is risk assessed with mitigation measures in place. Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Public Page 185 Printed Date: 3 March 2016 Uncontrolled when Printed