Genetic Information. F2 outcross litter 75% Mastiff 25% Racing Greyhound

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1 Genetic Information F2 outcross litter 75% Mastiff 25% Racing Greyhound My Dog DNA Gaby Bemelen, Netherlands 2018

2 Genetic Health Index The Genetic Health Index (GHI) describes the relative health level of the dog s genome in relation to the other tested dogs in the database, considering both disease test results and measured genetic diversity. Note: It s likely to change when the number of tested dogs increases. The average dog has a GHI value of the healthier the dog, the higher the index. The average GHI of the Mastiff (2018) in MDD - 41 Mastiffs: 97,5 Genetic Diversity The Genetic Health Index is related to the Genetic Diversity. In general you see that the higher the genetic diversity of a dog the higher the genetic health. The graph shows the GHI and GD of the 100 % Mastiffs in the database of MDD. The average GD of the Mastiff (2018) in MDD - 41 Mastiffs: 30,5 * The median in MDD of 31.5 is not correct since it includes data of not 100% Mastiffs

3 Genetic information Freddy (Mastiff * Racing Greyhound) The GHI index of Gammonwood Even Burn is: 100 The Genetic Diversity of Gammonwood Even Burn is: 31,1 * Even is Freddy s Mastiff mother The GHI of Freddy (Gammonwood Even Burn * Racing Greyhound): 121 The Genetic Diversity of Freddy is: 44,4 COI Freddy: 0 The average GHI of a Mastiff is: 97,5 The average GD of Mastiff is: 30,5 The median of GD of (English) Greyhound is: 31,7 The median of GD of a mixed dog is: 43,3 Conclusion: by breeding Gammonwood Eve Burn with a 12 year old Racing Greyhound the genetic diversity of one of the puppies (Freddy) is even higher than the average mixed breed!

4 Genetic information Alex (Purebred Mastiff) The GHI of Vanja v.d. Duncanhof: 99 The Genetic Diversity of Vanja v.d. Duncanhof: 32,6 COI Vanja v.d. Duncanhof (10 genartions 82% parents known) 9,7 * Vanja is Alexs Mastiff mother The GHI of Alex v.d. Hillse Mastiff s (Vanja v.d. Duncanhof * Jordan S from the Burning Mountain): 97 The Genetic Diversity of Alex is: 31,3 COI Alex v.d. Hillse Mastiff s (10 generations 89% parents known) 8,1 The average GHI of a Mastiff is: 97,5 The average GD of Mastiff is: 30,5 The median of GD of a mixed dog is: 43,3 Conclusion: Alex is our own bred Mastiff girl. Breeding her mother Vanja within the Mastiff breed caused Alex to have less Genetic Diversity and a lower Genetic Health Index than her mother Vanja. However, the COI of Alex is better than her mothers. Alex is the mother of our outcross litter F2 (75% Mastiff 25% Greyhound.

5 Genetic Information F2 outcross litter 75% Mastiff 25% Racing Greyhound Source: My Dog DNA

6 Genetic Diversity F2 litter (75% Mastiff * 25% Racing Greyhound) GD of Freddy (father): 44,4 GD of Alex v.d. Hillse Mastiff s (mother): 31,3 The pups of Freddy and Alex are theoretically 75% Mastiff blood, 25% Racing Greyhound blood. They had 9 pups. Their Genetic Diversity according to My Dog DNA is: Badu v.d. Hillse Mastiff's 40,4 Beefheart v.d. Hillse Mastiff's 38,4 QueenB v.d. Hillse Mastiff's 38,4 Bowie v.d. Hillse Mastiff's 38,2 Boris v.d. Hillse Mastiff's 37,3 Bluf v.d. Hillse Mastiff's 36,8 Bon Scott v.d. Hillse Mastiff's 36,6 Bruce v.d. Hillse Mastiff's 36,9 Bono v.d. Hillse Mastiff's 35,9 COI value pups 2%

7 Genetic Health Index F2 litter (75% Mastiff * 25% Racing Greyhound) GHI of Freddy (father): 121 GHI of Alex v.d. Hillse Mastiff s (mother): 97 The pups of Freddy and Alex are theoretically 75% Mastiff blood, 25% Racing Greyhound blood. They had 9 pups. Their Genetic Health Index according to My Dog DNA is: Badu v.d. Hillse Mastiff's 115 Beefheart v.d. Hillse Mastiff's 112 QueenB v.d. Hillse Mastiff's 112 Bowie v.d. Hillse Mastiff's 111 Boris v.d. Hillse Mastiff's 110 Bluf v.d. Hillse Mastiff's 109 Bon Scott v.d. Hillse Mastiff's 109 Bruce v.d. Hillse Mastiff's 109 Bono v.d. Hillse Mastiff's 107 Both parents are clear of hereditary disorders tested by MDD, the pups are clear of 189 tested disorders. You can find all the health results of the parents at:

8 Our Conclusion COI versus GHI/GD Based on the breeding of Vanja & Jordan resulting in Alex, mother of the F2 litter, breeding within the Mastiff breed based on a better COI value of the pups, resulted in a lower Genetic Diversity and Genetic Health for their pup Alex. The COI value is a statistic, not an actual value for a particular dog. Genetic Diversity The Genetic Diversity can easily be improved by adding new blood of another breed that is not closely related to your own breed. Adding new blood to your breed means = 3 Genetic Health The genetic health can easily be improved by adding new blood of another breed that is not closely related to your own breed. It is still necessary to test the parents for health problems since a lot of disorders can not be traced by DNA tests. Dogs are the results of their parents We decided to test all the pups at My Dog DNA. We conclude that the saying if it walks like a duck it is a duck is not necessarily true. In most cases it is. The individual pup is still the result of their parents and differ from each other. The pup with the lowest genetic diversity is Bono (35,9) and the one with the highest genetic diversity is Badu (40,5). Within the Mastiff breed (41 Mastiffs) we see a lowest score of 23,5 highest score 34,9. Based on the data in the database of MDD we conclude the range of diversity in this litter is high and we can t wait they see them grow up! Genetically most Mastiff Our stayers are Bono and Queen; The male and female with the lowest genetic diversity within their gender and so genetically the most Mastiff. Coincidence? The GD score of Bono is almost equal to the highest scoring pure bred Mastiff in the database. However the Genetic Health Index of Bono is 107 and much higher than the other dog who scores 100. Food for thought!

9 Genetic Diversity Mastiff The test measures the dog s genetic diversity by screening thousands of sites in its DNA. Genetic diversity represents the heterozygosity level within the breed or breed group. Each tested dog updates the view of the breed s genetic diversity. The median of the Mastiff is 31,5%, whereas the median of all breeds in the database is 33,8 %. The median of the Mixed breeds is 43,3%. The genetic diversity of the Mastiff (blue line in the graph) is lower than the median of genetic diversity of all pure bred dogs and mixed breeds. * Note: the data of the Mastiff includes not pure bred Mastiffs MMD

10 Genetic Diversity - Greyhound The test measures the dog s genetic diversity by screening thousands of sites in its DNA. Genetic diversity represents the heterozygosity level within the breed or breed group. Each tested dog updates the view of the breed s genetic diversity. The median of the (English) Greyhound is 31,7%, whereas the median of all purebreds in the database is 33,8%. The median of the mixed dogs is at 43,3%. The median of the genetic diversity of the Greyhound (blue line in the graph) is lower than both the median of both genetic diversity of purebreds and mixed dogs. * 2018 MDD