10/9/2018. The Future of Animal Welfare. A Cattle Dog s Dilemma. Realistic Optimism. A look back, around and forward. Roger Haston PhD, CAO

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1 The Future of Animal Welfare A look back, around and forward Roger Haston PhD, CAO A Cattle Dog s Dilemma Realistic Optimism 1

2 A Brief History on Animal Welfare The Beginning Cruelty Abuse Suffering Henry Bergh via New York Historical Society 1939 Newsletter 2

The History of the Five Freedoms 1964 1965 Release of Ruth Harrison s

agricultural animals in Britain UK Government commissioned an

intensively farmed animals From this, the Five Freedoms were

thirst Freedom from discomfort Freedom from pain, injury and disease

3 The History of the Five Freedoms Release of Ruth Harrison s Animal Machines book which highlighted the abysmal conditions for agricultural animals in Britain UK Government commissioned an investigation, led by Professor Roger Brambell, into the welfare of intensively farmed animals From this, the Five Freedoms were developed Roger Brambell The Five Freedoms Freedom of hunger and thirst Freedom from discomfort Freedom from pain, injury and disease Freedom to express normal behavior Freedom from fear and distress 1970s: Public Awareness Grows 3

The Humane Movement Grows First low cost spay and neuter clinics opened 1969 in Los Angeles was the first Focus on euthanasia methodology Elimination of cruel and painful methods begin Involvement of

4 The Humane Movement Grows First low cost spay and neuter clinics opened 1969 in Los Angeles was the first Focus on euthanasia methodology Elimination of cruel and painful methods begin Involvement of veterinary community Importance of disease control and animal condition recognized Growth of adoptions from shelters Humane organizations begin promoting the rescuing of animals from shelters 1990s: Focus on Outcomes First appearance of the no kill movement Large well funded shelters developed Growth of low cost spay neuter begins to impact intake Public awareness around the value of adoption grows 2000s: A Common Framework 2004 in Asilomar A group was convened to: Build a bridge across varying philosophies Develop relationships and create goals focused on significantly reducing the euthanasia of healthy and treatable companion animals Developed some guiding principles and a common metric for success. Live Release Rate A push for metrics and transparency 4

5 Hurricane Katrina Changing Attitudes Towards Pets Backyard Bedroom Growth of Animal Rights 5

6 Animal Welfare vs. Animal Rights Consequentialism Kantian Theories Concerned with choosing the action that will bring about the greatest good for the greatest number of individuals. Assumes all subjects-of-a life possess inherent value and must be treated as endsin-themselves, never as a means to an end. Prevention of unnecessary suffering Ensure a good quality of life and humane death. Example: Peter Singer A right may not be sacrificed even if the consequences of doing so are appealing or negative. Examples: Tom Reagan, Gary Francione Colliding Frameworks 2010s: Rising Conflict and Confusion? 6

to our mission Motivate our donors & constituents Risk in

7 Have we been successful? A quick review of metrics Why Do We Measure? Assess the current state Track progress toward success Create awareness and focus Keep us grounded Keep us aligned to our mission Motivate our donors & constituents Risk in Metrics Measuring the Wrong Thing Drawing the Wrong Conclusion Destructive Incentives Think Wells Fargo Myopia 7

Euthanasias (in millions) Euthanasias per 1000 Residents Tremendous Progress 30 120 25 100 20 80 15 60 10 40 5 20 0 0 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 Euthanasias Euthanasias per

8 Euthanasias (in millions) Euthanasias per 1000 Residents Tremendous Progress Euthanasias Euthanasias per 1000 residents Laws and Cruelty Before 1986, only four states had felony animal cruelty laws: Massachusetts (1804), Oklahoma (1887), Rhode Island (1896) and Michigan (1931). Three states enacted felony laws in the 1980s, 19 in the 1990s and 25 more since 2000 (including the District of Columbia) 50 states currently include felony provisions in their animal cruelty laws. Sheltering Has Been Focused On Tools we have been using: Overpopulation Homelessness Spay/Neuter Sheltering Adoption The scope of the problems forced us into a reactive strategy Most of our metrics and focus have been organizationally and shelter focused 8

9 Cats: One Big Complex...??? Successful recognition that what we were doing wasn t working The new approaches to cats have rendered traditional measurements like intake woefully insufficient No agreed upon goal or measure of success A mash-up of interests it s bigger than the cats Prediction That s kind of like how jazz is sometimes. You re out there predicting the future, and no one believes you Branford Marsalis Trends to Consider Animal Supply & Demand Transfers and Transport The Explosion of Rescues Where People Adopt The Underserved The Economics of Sheltering Attitude Polarization T R E N D S 9

Different approach to cats Public fear of

10 A Growing Inventory Problem? We are running out of dogs people want but not everywhere Intake is Declining Why The Decline? Years of Spay/Neuter More public awareness Different approach to cats Public fear of shelters Shelters are not reaching the need Shelters are limiting admission 10

Number of Animals Shelters Don t Have What People Want 5000 4000

Lab/Lab Mix Boxer Sib Husky/Mix Poodle Toy Intake Outflows

11 Number of Animals Shelters Don t Have What People Want Pitbull/Mix Chihuahua German Shep Terrier Mix Lab/Lab Mix Boxer Sib Husky/Mix Poodle Toy Intake Outflows Blocky-Headed Whatevers Transport You re not from around here, are you? 11

12 Number of Animals Explosion of Transfers 778,385 dogs Transfer at A Large Scale 60% Percent of Dogs Adopted in Colorado from out of State 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Highly Adoptable Gets Transferred Public Coalition Outside Healthy TR TM UU 12

Dog-O-Nomics $25 to $50 at Source $300 to $450

- $50) * 300,000 =$105,000,000 Potential Revenue

and create problems in both the source and

holistically Small Rescues They are big and

13 Dog-O-Nomics $25 to $50 at Source $300 to $450 at Destination 300,000 to 500,000 in 2016 ($400 - $50) * 300,000 =$105,000,000 Potential Revenue This amount of money can attract some bad actors and create problems in both the source and destination communities if not managed holistically Small Rescues They are big and unregulated Animal Welfare Organizations Estimated to be 35,000 13

wishes or desires) Saint Bernard of Clairvaux, c.

14 Rescue or Hoarder Hoarding is on the rise Good Intentions L'enfer est plein de bonnes volontés ou désirs (hell is full of good wishes or desires) Saint Bernard of Clairvaux, c.1150 How People Adopt is Changing There is strong competition for adoptable animals 14

15 Changing Public Expectations Now Then Growth of Retail Adoptions Over 1,000,000 in 2016 This is changing the dynamics of the sheltering community Animal Welfare Deserts We are very successful with the people that we are very successful with 15

Hellen Keller Pets-For-Life Data 100% 75% 50% 25% 0% No Vet

16 Percent of People with No Contact Blind Spots The only thing worse than being blind is having sight but no vision. Hellen Keller Pets-For-Life Data 100% 75% 50% 25% 0% No Vet Experience No Shelter of or AC Contact Challenging a Tradition View 16

17 Percent of Altered Animals Percent of Animals Where People Get Their Pets 100% 75% 50% 25% 0% APPA Pets ForLife Stray Friend/Relative Offspring Breeder Rescue/Shelter Petstore Socio-Economic Bias 100% 90% 93% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 51% 49% Altered Unaltered 30% 20% 10% 0% < $35k Income > $35k Income 7% Why Free is Too Expensive I need time off work for my cat How do I catch this thing? Cat carrier $20 Band-Aids $10 Jerry has a cat 4 hrs * $15/hr = $60 Free = $50 to $100 Or more X Free S/N Can I borrow your car? Gas $20 17

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Percent Increase in Cost From Year Innocent Observation I m confused as to why in areas where shelter intake is

18 Percent Increase in Cost From Year Innocent Observation I m confused as to why in areas where shelter intake is declining so much, there is still such a big need for spay/neuter services Shelter Economics The model is not viable for most... yet some will thrive Skyrocketing Cost of Sheltering 250% 188% 2000 (Inflation adjusted) 125% 63% Average from 200 shelters 0% 18

19 Per Capita Spending Cost per Animal Cost per Animal The Cost of Doing More $1,125 $900 $675 $450 $225 $0 total expenditures per animal total program services per animal total veterinary services per animal Cost per Animal in Non-Profit Shelters $4,000 $3,000 $2,000 $1,000 $ Number of Animal Intakes Municipal Spending Disparity $16.00 $14.00 $12.00 $10.00 $8.00 $6.00 $4.00 $2.00 $- 19

Attitude Polarization Following a general trend in our

20 Scope of The Problem 6,000,000,000 per year (if nothing changes) Attitude Polarization The Growing Divide Attitude Polarization Following a general trend in our society, animal welfare is polarizing and getting more extreme 20

21 Are We in An Echo Chamber? The one place we always hear the truth. A Growing Disconnect? Us Them Science is Scary 21

Clarksville crying dog video, petition spur death threats Augusta

22 Losing Sight of the Truth A Loss Of Perspective Memphis -- Director Receives Death Threats Bomb, death threats beset Lindon Animal Shelter Clarksville crying dog video, petition spur death threats Augusta animal director receives death threats over euthanasia Devastating Realities 22

Brown Rebecca Carey Charles Hagerman Dawn Jurgens Bryton Cason Debra Renee Wilson-Roberts James Hudson Donald Thomas Rayden Bruce Nellie Davis Mary Jo Hunt Tarilyn Bowles Dixie Jennings Remedios

23 Real People Jace Valdez Howard Nicholson, Jr. Diane Jansen Dylan Andres Kylar Johnson James Hurst Aiden McGrew Jeremiah Eskew-Shahan Clifford Wright Jazilyn Mesa Makayla Darnell Eugene Cameron Ja'Marr Tiller Jack Redin Tyzhel McWilliams Ronnel Brown Rebecca Carey Charles Hagerman Dawn Jurgens Bryton Cason Debra Renee Wilson-Roberts James Hudson Donald Thomas Rayden Bruce Nellie Davis Mary Jo Hunt Tarilyn Bowles Dixie Jennings Remedios Romeros-Solares Dawn Brown Esteban Alavez Unknown woman Savannah Edwards Tomas Henio Betty Ann Chapman Todd Christian Gormanous Elsie Grace Isaiah Aguilar Ryan Maxwell Daxton Borchardt Monica Renee Laminack Tyler Jett Claudia Gallardo Jordyn Arndt Beau Rutledge Rachael Honabarger Carlton Freeman Pamela Marie Devitt Ayden Evans Nephi Selu Arianna Jolee Merrbach Linda Oliver Jordan Reed Daniel Teubner Samuel Eli Zamudio Jordan Ryan Terry Douglass Katherine Atkins Nga Woodhead Levi Watson Joan Kappen Jah'Niyah White Mia Gibson Michal Nelson Betty Clark Tom J. Vick Christine Bell Kara Hartrich Annabell Martin Klonda S. Richey Je'vaeh Mayes Braelynn Rayne Coulter Summer Sears Kenneth Santilla Raymane Robinson Jr. Mia DeRouen Dorothy Hamilton John Harvard Katie Morrison Jessica Norman Kasii Haith Holden Garrison Craig Sytsma Logan Shepard Johnathan Quarles Jr. Cindy Whisman Joel Chirieleison Deriah Solem Javon Dade Jr David Glass Sr Alice Payne Logan Meyer Alameaner Dial Jose Cruz Cazares Robles Deanne Lynn Coando Stella Antanaitis Jayla Rodriguez Edward Cahill Christopher Joaquin Camejo Eugene Smith Declan Moss Malaki Mildward Fredrick Crutchfield TayLynn DeVaughn Roy Higgenbotham Jr. Betty Wood Julia Charging Whirlwind De'Trick Johnson Neta Lee AdamsKenneth Ford Brayden Wilson Gaege Ramirez James Nevils III Jordan Collins-Tyson Norberto Legarda Joshua Strother Annie Williams Carolyn Lamp Max Gracia Porsche Cartee Cathy H. Wheatcraft Barbara McCormick Emilio Rios Carmen Reigada Lamarkus Hicks Tanner Smith Edgar Brown Amiyah Dunston Anthony Riggs Carter Hartle Xavier Strickland Rebecca Hardy Nyjah Espinosa Tyler Trammell-Huston Payton Sawyers Talan West Aiden Grim Suzanne Story Bessie Flowers Sonda Tyson Sebastian Caban Adonis Reddick Earl Wayne Stephens Jr. Hunter Bragg Erin McCleskey Jocelyn Winfrey Susie Kirby Christopher Malone Divergent Whys We aren t all working for the same thing Anti-Euthenasia Humane Treatment Promote Pet Ownership Eliminate Breeding Eliminate Suffering Reduce Population No More Homeless Pets Celebrate the Human Animal Bond Looking Outside Our World Where can we look to understand the future? 23

The Extremes of Policies The devastating impact of Italy s no-kill

Interdiction Strict and Severe Enforcement Up to $10,000 fine for aggressive

Australia consolidated all of the animal welfare groups under a single

24 The Extremes of Policies The devastating impact of Italy s no-kill legislation Addressing a Problem Education Licensing & Registration Early Interdiction Strict and Severe Enforcement Up to $10,000 fine for aggressive dog attack Potential court ordered euthanasia Getting Under One Roof Australia consolidated all of the animal welfare groups under a single organization British Columbia has built a large organization that has consolidated over 50 organizations 24

The Future of Animal Welfare Pets, people, preserving the bond, professionalization and a whole new set of metrics A Purely Business Perspective Current Business Trends

Increasing Regulatory Pressure Low Barrier to Entry What do think is going to happen?

25 The Future of Animal Welfare Pets, people, preserving the bond, professionalization and a whole new set of metrics A Purely Business Perspective Current Business Trends Increasing Cost Inconsistent Supply Chain Hard to Access Customers Increasing Competition Confused Consumer Messaging Increased Public Scrutiny Flat to Declining Market Increasing Regulatory Pressure Low Barrier to Entry What do think is going to happen? Consolidate & Disaggregate Consolidation is happening: San Diego Washington Minneapolis... Disaggregation: The need is not located where the revenue is generated Organizations need to functionally split and locate in the appropriate locale Need Revenue 25

Honest Risk Assessment No formal risk assessment methodology Community data on public safety issues is sparse and often flawed Discount the cost of a negative

been built up over 30,000 years. W e can not afford to risk jeopardizing that bond for short-term benefit.

26 Honest Risk Assessment No formal risk assessment methodology Community data on public safety issues is sparse and often flawed Discount the cost of a negative experience Need to be honest about the consequence of aggression Public safety and animal welfare are not mutually exclusive Our relationship with animals has been built up over 30,000 years. W e can not afford to risk jeopardizing that bond for short-term benefit. Community Impact Assessment Metric Professionalization We risk marginalizing ourselves in society We need professional certifications and qualifications Passion is not enough We serve people and pets, not just pets 26

Forward to Our Roots Eliminating cruelty and suffering Reducing pet homelessness Adoption and life saving are tactics, not ends It s about being humane Building and maintaining

No Kill Everyone should have a pet Donate to save this poor sad creature locked away in a dirty, dank, stinky shelter where no one cares (backed by sad music) People want to kill

27 Forward to Our Roots Eliminating cruelty and suffering Reducing pet homelessness Adoption and life saving are tactics, not ends It s about being humane Building and maintaining the bond Difficult Road Ahead Many of the messages and beliefs that have made us successful are starting to get in our way Animals should only be adopted Adoptable Save them all No Kill Everyone should have a pet Donate to save this poor sad creature locked away in a dirty, dank, stinky shelter where no one cares (backed by sad music) People want to kill adoptable pets Where We Can Be Preserving and building the relationship between all pets and people Eliminating cruelty, suffering and abuse Maintaining public trust and safety 27

The Not So Easy Road You have to be brave And your courage to do what s right Has to be greater than your fear of getting hurt So be Brave Be Brave आपक बह दर

28 The Not So Easy Road You have to be brave And your courage to do what s right Has to be greater than your fear of getting hurt So be Brave Be Brave आपक बह दर ह न च हहए और आपक सह करन क ल ए स हस च ट पह चन क अपन डर स अध क ह न च हहए त बह दर ह बह दर बन Hasan Minhaj A Cattle Dog s Dilemma Thanks For Listening Questions? 28

The Future of Animal Welfare. A Cattle Dog s Dilemma. Celebrating the bond between people and pets. Roger Haston, PhD PetSmart Charities

The Future of Animal Welfare. A Cattle Dog s Dilemma. Celebrating the bond between people and pets. Roger Haston, PhD PetSmart Charities The Future of Animal Welfare Celebrating the bond between people and pets Roger Haston, PhD PetSmart Charities A Cattle Dog s Dilemma 1 A Brief History of Animal Welfare Really brief but super relevant