ASA Master Class -Flock Health Click to Challenges edit Master title style Michael Doherty CD School of Veterinary Medicine 1
What are the sheep health priorities? 2
We need flock health planning Dissemination and clear communication of relevant information on health and welfare issues Link sheep health and welfare to the efficient and profitable management of the business Prevention on a flock basis is the optimal way forward for sheep farmers 3
Clinical-Subclinical Disease 4
Flock Health Management Cycle 5
Need Flock Health Planning Click Data Collection to edit Master text styles Third Problem level Analysis Fifth Action level Plans 6
We Need Flock Health Planning Click to consumer edit confidence Master text styles delivery Flock basis is the optimal way forward for sheep farmers Welfare is a growing concern against the background of Flock health plans need to be as simple and practical as possible Any successful programme to improve the health and welfare of the sheep sector will require a cross industry 7
Click to edit DAFM Master title style Click Knowledge to edit transfer Master sheep text styles health measures Biosecurity Lameness Lamb mortality Sustainable parasite control 8
Under the Radar Leptospirosis Urinary carrier state with shedding of Leptospira sp. reported as higher in sheep than cattle higher incidence of leptospirosis in abattoir workers in sheep abattoirs than in cattle abattoirs Infertility, foetal losses and abortion in ewes associated with Leptospira hardjo infection 3 rd most common abortifacient pathogen in sheep in Northern Ireland Leptospira hardjo can colonise the genital tract of non-pregnant ewes9
Border Disease 10
Sheep Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma (Jaagsiekte) 11
Sheep Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma (Jaagsiekte) Click No reliable to edit screening Master text testsstyles Second Prompt culling level (poor body condition + Third respiratory levelsigns) Fourth Notifiable level disease Fifth Lambs level infected via colostrum Close contact spread 12
Click Pink to edit Eye Master (Mycoplasma conjunctivae) title style 13
Lameness - a welfare issue Click Animals to in edit pain Master text styles Consumer perception Quality of product High prevalence flocks common 14
Research Challenges Lameness Control Systems Validate methods to combat lameness Develop the most effective/best practice lameness control and treatment strategies Use of foot paring, efficacy of different foot bathing solutions, post bathing practices, culling etc. and vaccination\ Cost-benefit analysis vaccines with various efficacies are available knowledge of the strains of Dichelobacter nodosus present in Ireland needs to be ascertained. 15
Click Anthelmintic to edit Master Resistance title style Validation of SCOPS (Sustainable control of parasites) principles to delay the development of resistance Identify best treatment practice strategies 16
Sustainable Control of Parasites in Sheep (SCOPS) http://www.nationalsheep.org.uk/health/scops.htm Use quarantine dosing Treat adult sheep only when necessary Do not under-dose Check for resistance using FECRT Reduce dosing frequency by using FEC Tailor control to the main problem parasite species Avoid dose-and-move to clean pasture Breed from worm-resistant rams 17
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Anthelmintics Click Benzimadazoles to edit Master (White text drenches) styles Second Levamisoles level (Yellow drenches) Third Macro level Lactones Ivomectin Moxidectin Monepantel (orange drenches) Spirandoles 19
Tá Fadhb Againn 20
Joint ill Specific questions exist in relation to joint-ill Click to edit Master text styles Many farms nationally administering antibiotics to each lamb born as a preventative mechanism not best practice in light of increasing problems of antimicrobial resistance in both veterinary and human medicine Joint ill-strep. Dysgalactiae most common cause of joint ill in lambs < 4weeks of age 21
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Biosecurity? Strategy to prevent the introduction of infectious Click disease to onto edit a Master sheep farm text styles Biosecurity= Bioexclusion + Biocontainment Keep disease out and contain & control it if it gets in Risk management 23
Biosecurity: National level Maedi Visna Peste des Petits Ruminants (Morbillivirus) Contagious Agalactia FMD Blue Tongue / Schmallenberg virus 24
Purchased sheep-greatest biosecurity risk 25
Pre-purchase testing Click Caseous to edit lymphadenitis Master text styles Third Enzootic level abortion Fifth Maedi-Visna level 26
Infectious biosecure Diseases Disease Cause Vaccine available in Ireland? Sheep Scab* Mite (Psorptes ovis) No Footrot Bacteria (D. nodusus/ F. necrophorum) Yes Contagious Ovine Digital Dermatitis (CODD) (Jaagsiekte) Bacteria (Treponeme spp) Orf Parapox virus Yes (Never use the vaccine in a closed, Sheep Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma* Caseous Lymphadenitis* Jaagsiekte Sheep Retro Virus Bacterium (Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis) Johnes Disease* Bacterium (M.a paratuberculosis) No Enzootic Abortion* Bacterium (Chlamydophilia abortus) Yes No orf-free flock) No No Toxoplasmosis Parasite (T. gondii) Yes 27
Caseous Lymphadenitis 28
Caseous Lymphadenitis 29
Caseous Lymphadenitis Click Purchase to edit of infected Master carrier text styles Second Contract level shearing? Third Blood level testing by ELISA Fourth Quarantine level 30
The Intention-Behaviour Gap whether or not intentions are translated into action is currently regarded as the focal challenge for research Sniehotta et al., (2005) Psychology and Health 31
Sociology of Flock- Herd Health 32
Animal Health Ireland-Model for Progress? Partnership Approach Disease Prioritization Coordination Clear Messages on disease control Farmer-Vet-Advisor Implementation 33
ASA Master Class -Flock Health Click to Challenges edit Master title style Michael Doherty CD School of Veterinary Medicine 34