Biology Monday, April 25, 2016 Do-Now: 6.3/6.4 Quiz Review Do-Now 1. Write down today s FLT 2. List the results of Mendel s pea plant experiments for each generahon (6.3) 3. Dis&nguish between the terms homozygous and heterozygous by using examples or explanahons 4. Dis&nguish between the terms dominant and recessive by using examples or explanahons 5. Dis&nguish between the terms genotype and phenotype by using examples or explanahons Finished? Take out your planner and ToC. Announcements Friday, April 29 th : High School NaIon Tour Rally schedule à HSN 1:05-3:00pm GeneIcs Unit Ch.6-7 combined test Announcements 15-Week Grades due week of May 9 th Turn in all make-up work Re-take low scores Last progress reports before final grades J Planner: ToC#7 due by Friday 5/6 Table of Contents #7 19. 6.3/6.4 Quiz Review Do-Now Standard HS-LS 3-2 Make and defend a claim based on evidence that inheritable genetic variations may result from: (1) new genetic combinations through meiosis, (2) viable errors occurring during replication, and/ or (3) mutations caused by environmental factors. FLT I will be able to demonstrate my understanding of Mendel s experiments by completing 6.3/6.4 Quiz 1
CW Organize ToC à Be ready for stamps this week Study 6.5 Quietly Biology Video Notes: Heredity 1. Complete the do-now on the paper provided 2. Take out your ToC and planner J Tuesday, April 26 Wednesday, April 27, 2016 Announcements Friday, April 29 th : P.2: 8:00-9:00 NutriIon P.4: 9:16-10:16 P.6: 10:24-11:24 Lunch P. 8: 12:05-1:05 HSN: 1:05-3:00 Announcements 15-Week Grades due week of May 9 th Turn in all make-up work Re-take low scores Last progress reports before final grades J 2
Planner: Study Punnett Squares! ToC stamps J Table of Contents #7 20. Video Notes: Heredity WS 21. Notes: Intro. to Punnett Squares 22. Punnett Square WS A Video Notes Watch the following video clip Noise level 0 As you watch, fill out the questions on your worksheet Be prepared to share out after the videos Let s share J Video Notes Standard HS-LS 3-2 Make and defend a claim based on evidence that inheritable genetic variations may result from: (1) new genetic combinations through meiosis, (2) viable errors occurring during replication, and/ or (3) mutations caused by environmental factors. FLT I will be able to predict the probable outcome of phenotypes in a genetic cross from the genotypes of the parents by completing Intro. to Punnett Squares Notes Protocol Noise level 0 Raise your hand to question/comment Copy down all bolded ideas Be prepared to answer questions 3
4/29/16 Intro. to Punnett Squares Fold or draw a margin on the left side of your paper We will take Cornell style notes Topics/terms go in the left column Main notes go to the right 1. 2. 3. 4. Pair-Share-Respond For purple and white flowers... What is the dominant trait? What is the recessive trait? What are the possible phenotypes? What are the possible genotypes? Recall Mendel discovered that traits are inherited in predictable patterns For example, when he crossed hybrid (heterozygous) purple flower plants, he got: 25% white and 75% purple flowers How can we predict these results? Example: If we cross two heterozygous purpleflowered pea plants... What are the possible genotypes of the offspring? What is the ratio of the genotypes? What is the ratio of possible phenotypes? We can answer all of these by DRAWING and INTERPRETING Punnett squares :) 4
1 st : Add the parent genotypes on the left and top, one allele per row/column 2 nd : Draw the alleles in each of their rows/columns. Capital letters always go 1 st. 3 rd : Write how many times each unique genotype appears as a ratio. 4 th : Use the genotypes to predict the ratio of phenotypes 5 th : Write the genotypes & phenotypes as fractions or percents if needed. 5
1. A man with freckles (FF) and a woman with freckles (Ff) have a kid. a. What is the ratio of genotypes for their offspring? b.what is the ratio of phenotypes? Classwork 1.Complete the Punnett Square WS 2.Reminder: Friday: Mini-Punnett Square Quiz Monday: Multiple Choice Quiz Biology Tuesday, April 28 Wednesday, April 29, 2016 6
Punnett Square Notes B 1. Complete the practice quiz on the little paper. This will be stapled to your notes for your stamp. 2. Title your paper Punnett Square Notes B and draw a margin 3. Take out your ToC and planner Announcements 15-Week Grades due week of May 9 th Turn in all make-up work Re-take low scores Last progress reports before final grades J Planner: ToC#7 due by Friday 5/6 Table of Contents #7 23. Punnett Square Notes B 24. Punnett Square WS B Standard HS-LS 3-2 Make and defend a claim based on evidence that inheritable genetic variations may result from: (1) new genetic combinations through meiosis, (2) viable errors occurring during replication, and/ or (3) mutations caused by environmental factors. FLT I will be able to predict the probable outcome of phenotypes in a complex inheritance genetic cross from the genotypes of the parents in by using Punnett squares. Notes Protocol Noise level 0 Raise your hand to question/comment Copy down all bolded ideas Be prepared to answer questions 7
Recap (Don t write down) 1. What is the difference between phenotype and genotype? 2. In seals, having whiskers is dominant, and not having whiskers is recessive. Give the: a. Heterozygous genotype b. Homozygous dominant genotype c. Homozygous recessive genotype Inheritance Patterns Mendelian Incomplete Dominance Codominance MulHple Alleles Sex-Linked Recall: Mendelian Inheritance If we cross true-breeding purple & white flowers, then the offspring are all purple. Why? Incomplete Dominance What happens if we cross a red carnation with a white carnation? Incomplete Dominance But if we cross a red carnation with a white carnation, all of the offspring are PINK! Why?? This is because the alleles are incompletely dominant! Incomplete Dominance Incomplete dominance = The phenotype of a heterozygous offspring is intermediate between (a blend of) those of the parents Cases in which one allele is not completely dominant over another 8
Incomplete Dominance Use all capital letters, such as A and A. For example, for red and white carnations: RR = Red carnation R R = White carnation RR = Pink carantion Punnett Squares: Copy down example Punne[ Square for the cross between a red carnahon (RR) & a white carnahon (R R ) Punnett Squares What are the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring? Do-Now 1. Two pink carnaions (RR ) are crossed. a. Draw the punne` square for this cross b. Give the % of the offspring genotypes c. Give the % of the offspring phenotypes 9
4/29/16 Codominance If we cross a black chicken with a white chicken, what will we get? Codominance Codominance = Both alleles in a heterozygous organism are expressed in the phenotype BOTH alleles contribute to the phenotype The offspring phenotype is NOT blended. Examples - checkered chickens, Roan Horses, Roan Cows Codominance We get a black and white checkered chicken! Codominance Use different capital letters for each trait For example: BB = Black chicken WW = White chicken BW = Black and white chicken Punnett Squares Punnett square for the cross between a black chicken (BB) and a white chicken (WW) 10
Draw the Punnett Square for the cross between two black and white chickens (BW) What are the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring? Do-Now Recap Types of inheritance so far: 1. MENDELIAN: One allele is dominant, and one is recessive. The dominant trait shows in both homozygous dominant and heterozygous genotypes 2. INCOMPLETE DOMINANCE: Neither allele is completely dominant. Heterozygotes show a blend of both alleles in their phenotype. 3. CODOMINANCE: Both alleles are dominant. Heterozygotes show BOTH alleles completely in their phenotype. Pair-Share-Respond Identify the type of inheritance as Mendelian, Incomplete dominance, or codominance: 1. A brown cow and a white cow produce a cow with brown and white spots 2. A purple flower and a white flower produce only purple flowers 3. A brown dog and a white dog produce tan puppies Classwork 1. Complete the Punnett Square Worksheet 2. Once finished, you may work on one of the following: Work on binder assignments Work on make-up work 11