dino _5 cover_apeikonisi.qxp_cover Time 21/9/16 7:02 PM Page 1 Level 5 Level 1 300 headwords Level 2 450 headwords Level 3 600 headwords Level 4 800 headwords CLIL READERS ISBN 978-1-4715-3303-7 Level 5 1,000 headwords Level 6 1,200 headwords Jenny Dooley Virginia Evans The Age of the Dinosaurs (History) goes back in time to look at some of the most amazing animals ever to walk the Earth! How long did dinosaurs inhabit our planet? Which dinosaur was one of the fiercest predators ever? Which other strange creatures lived alongside the dinosaurs? The age of the DINOSAURS Explore our World CLIL Readers are graded readers from levels 1-6. They cover a range of subjects and themes, promoting Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL).
Contents LET S START!... 2 1 WHAT ARE DINOSAURS?... 4 2 THE MESOZOIC ERA... 8 3 THE JURASSIC PERIOD... 12 4 JURASSIC CARNIVORES AND HERBIVORES... 16 5 THE CRETACEOUS PERIOD... 20 6 THE KING OF THE DINOSAURS... 24 7 CREATURES OF THE AIR AND SEA... 28 8 THE END OF THE DINOSAURS... 32 READ MORE The Loch Ness Monster... 36 Mokèlé-mbèmbé... 38 ACTIVITIES... 40 AFTER-READING PORTFOLIO... 58 REVIEW... 60 WORD BANK... 62
2 LET S START! A long time ago, great creatures walked the Earth: probably the coolest creatures of all! They were the dinosaurs strange and amazing animals of all different types, from giants to chicken-sized! Pteranodon African elephant Tyrannosaurus rex Blue whale
3 Dreadnoughtus schrani Human being Compsognathus Many years later, we are still trying to solve the mysteries and answer the questions we have about dinosaurs. When did they first appear? What did they look like? Why did they disappear? What is the biggest dinosaur ever discovered?
4 WHAT ARE DINOSAURS? The word dinosaur means terrible lizard. The first dinosaurs started to appear on Earth about 230 million years ago. Over time millions of years some dinosaurs became bigger than any animal on Earth before. They were much bigger than any land mammals on our planet today! Stegosaurus
5 Some dinosaurs were herbivores and ate only plants. Other dinosaurs, like Tyrannosaurus rex, were carnivores. They ate meat. They even ate other dinosaurs! Most dinosaurs were very big. Some dinosaurs were more than 12 metres tall. That is as tall as six gorillas standing on top of one another! But not all dinosaurs were giants. There were also some smaller dinosaurs. For example, Compsognathus was only the size of a chicken. Dinosaurs gave birth to their young by laying eggs. There were a lot of different kinds of dinosaurs, from giant plant-eaters that walked on four legs to fast, scary meat-eaters that ran on two legs. No one knows exactly what kind of noises dinosaurs made or what colour they were. There are still many mysteries because all of the information we have comes from ancient footprints and bones. These are called fossils. Allosaurus Velociraptor Compsognathus
6 What exactly are fossils? The word fossil is from the Latin word fossilis. It means dug up. A fossil isan ancient dead animal or plant or something left by them. There are two types of fossils: body and trace fossils. Body fossils are fossils where a part of the organism s (plant or animal) body remains as part of the fossil. This might be a tooth or a piece of bone. Trace fossils on the other hand, are fossils where there isn't any actual part of the original organism, but traces of the organism are still in the rock. People usually find fossils in mud or sand that turned into rock over time. There are fossils on every continent of the world. Every day, someone finds some new and exciting information about dinosaurs from the fossils they discover. You can see some of the fossils and skeletons of dinosaurs in museums all around the world, from Canada to Australia.
What is a Paleontologist? Paleontologists are scientists that study prehistoric life by studying fossils. They use the fossils to try to put together what the dinosaurs looked like and how they lived. It is not an easy thing to do. Most of the time it is like putting the pieces of a jigsaw puzzle together, with many of the pieces missing. Shells, teeth and bones are more likely to become fossils because they are very hard! 7 Go to Activities p.40
36 The Loch Ness Monster The world first heard about the Loch Ness Monster, or Nessie, in 1933. Loch Ness is a huge lake in Scotland. It is about 37 kilometres long and 230 metres deep. There is more water in Loch Ness than in all the lakes in England and Wales together! Not many people lived in the area around Loch Ness. In early 1933, they built a road along the lake. This brought more tourists to the area. Soon, people began to talk about a creature in the lake! One day, George Spicer was near the lake in his car with his wife. Suddenly they saw a huge creature cross the road in front of them. George Spicer saidit looked like a big dragon, and it was carrying a small animal in its mouth. The creature then disappeared, probably into the deep water of the lake.
37 Then, in 1963, someone filmed the creature, but it was about four kilometres away. It was difficult to see exactly what was in the water. Since then, there have been many sightings of Nessie as well as photos and videos. Scientists, too, have visited the lake, but still no one knows what exactly is down there. Most people describe the creature as 6 to 9 metres long with a long neck and a small head. Some people say it is a plesiosaur from the days of the dinosaurs. They believe that some of them survived and that they live in the lake. Because the lake is so big, it is easy for them to hide! Other people say that all the photos and videos are not of a monster at all, but just a piece of wood, or another animal, such as a seal. Yet, today, hundreds of people visit Loch Ness, hoping to get a look at one of the most mysterious creatures in the world!
40 1 WHAT ARE DINOSAURS? 1 Read and complete the crossword puzzle. Across 2 The time before recorded history. 3 The hard covering on an animal. 4 Something that s very, very old. 5 You can find fossils on every of the world. 6 An animal that eats only meat. 9 Something that frightens you is. 10 A mixture of soil and water. 11 This word comes from the 2 Latin word for dug up. 1 Down 1 An animal that doesn t eat meat. 2 A scientist who studies fossils. 7 When birds are having babies, they eggs. 8 This type of animal gives birth to live young. 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
02_EXPLORE WORLD_AgeOFDinosaurs_Activ.qxp_02_EXPLORE WORLD_AgeOFDinosaurs_Activ.qxp 10/20/14 6:46 PM Page 41 Y s' L er ON ch n ea tio r t ec Fo sp in 2 Make sentences. Then choose True or False. 1 appeared/earth/million/dinosaurs/ago./230/on/years... 2 were/dinosaurs/carnivores./all... 3 giant/compsognathus/a/dinosaur./was... 4 live/gave/to/dinosaurs/birth/young.... 5 legs./of/all/had/kinds/four/dinosaurs... 6 dinosaurs/from/information/fossils./comes/about... 7 usually/rocks./fossils/in/find/people... 8 study/called/are/paleontologists./life/scientists/that/prehistoric... True False True False True False True False True False True False True False True False 3 Read and answer the questions. 1 What does the word dinosaur mean? 2 What size were some of the smaller dinosaurs? 3 How did dinosaurs give birth to their young? 4 How many types of fossils are there? 5 What parts of the body are more likely to become fossils? Why? 41
56 The Loch Ness Monster Mokèlé-mbèmbé 1 Read and write the words. smooth exist cross vegetarian sighting wild proof flow 1 to go from one side to the other... 2 seeing something, especially something unusual... 3 evidence that something is true... 4 having an even surface... 5 the movement of water... 6 not lived in... 7 to live... 8 a person who doesn t eat meat... Which of the words from Ex. 1 appear in the... A B Loch Ness Monster story?... Mokèlé-mbèmbé story?... 2 Read and circle the correct words. 1 Loch Ness is a huge river / lake. 2 Some people believe that Nessie is a seal / crocodile. 3 The Congo River basin / road is a very large area. 4 Mokèlé-mbèmbé lives in the caves / ocean. 5 Loch Ness is in Wales / Scotland. 6 The first Mokèlé-mbèmbé story comes from 1933 / 1776. 7 Nessie hides in the deep / wide water of the lake. 8 Mokèlé-mbèmbé is about the size of a(n) crocodile / elephant.
57 3 Read and match. 4 Make sentences. A People believe that... 1 it is grey with a smooth skin. 2 it is a plesiosaur. 3 it is like a sauropod. 4 it eats plants and vegetables. 5 it is six to nine metres long. 6 it looks like a big dragon. 7 it attacks small boats. 8 it s got a tail like a crocodile. 9 it s got a long neck and a small head. 10 it s got three claws. 1 large/saw/man/very/a/footprints.... 2 animal/was/nessie/in/a/mouth./small/ its/carrying... 3 the/visited/lot/scientists/have/a/of/lake.... Loch Ness Monster B Mokèlé-mbèmbé 4 the/dinosaurs./of/from/comes/age/it/the... 5 1963./creature/Someone/the/in/filmed... 6 Mokèlé-mbèmbé./Many/look/to/have/ for/gone/hunters... 5 OVER TO YOU: Find information about another legendary creature and complete the spidergram. IT LIVES...... IT LOOKS LIKE...... NAME...... ITS NAME MEANS...... SIGHTINGS......
A 1 Look at the information and complete your report. 1 Ankylosaurus 2 Brachiosaurus 3 Eoraptor Fossil number 1 is a(n)... skeleton. It is from the... Period and it is about... years old. Fossil number 2......... Fossil number 3...... 58
60 Dinosaur 1 Do the quiz. 1 What does the word dinosaur mean? A terror lizard B terrible lizard C terrific lizard 2 Dinosaurs that ate only plants are called.... A carnivores B herbivores C omnivores 3 No one knows what... dinosaurs were. A height B weight C colour 4 The word fossil means.... A dug up B hold up C get up 5 A scientist who studies prehistoric life is a.... A physicist B paleontologist C psychologist 6 The period of the dinosaurs is called.... A The Mesozoic Era B The Ice Age C The Middle Ages 7 Earth used to be one large landmass called.... A Pandora B Panorama C Pangaea 8 The first dinosaurs appeared in the.... A Jurassic Period B Triassic Period C Cretaceous Period 9 About how many new dinosaurs are discovered every year? A 10 B 100 C 1,000 10 What is another name for a sauropod? A lizard-boned B lizard-hipped C lizard-legged 11 What colour did Stegosaurus plates turn when it was angry? A blue B red C yellow 12 Which of the following is an armoured dinosaur? A Ankylosaurus B Allosaurus C Troodon 13 What is the name of the T. rex skeleton in the Chicago Museum? A Sally B Sarah C Sue 14 For how many million years did dinosaurs exist? A 65 B 165 C 365 15 Where was Dreadnoughtus schrani found? A Mexico B Austria C Argentina 16 The extinction of the dinosaurs is called the.... A K-T event B T-K event C A-Z event 17 What kind of creature do people think the Loch Ness monster may be? A a Velociraptor B a Plesiosaur C a Pteranodon 18 Where do people catch sightings of Mokèlé-mbèmbé? A Asia B Africa C Australia Prepare your own Dinosaur Quiz.
Let s Start! creature = living thing cool = very good chicken-sized = the same size as a chicken solve = to find an answer to a problem appear = to start to be seen discover = to find something for the first time disappear = to no longer exist 1 lizard = land = the part of the Earth not covered by water mammal = an animal that gives birth to live young herbivore = an animal that only eats plants carnivore = an animal that only eats meat lay eggs = to produce eggs scary = ancient = very old footprints = bone = WORD BANK fossil = dug up = taken out from under the ground trace = a small amount of something organism = a form of life such as a plant or an animal remain = to stay behind mud = continent = large land area of the Earth, such as Africa exciting = something that makes you feel very enthusiastic information = news or knowledge about something skeleton = paleontologist = a scientist who studies fossils scientist = a person who is an expert in one of the Sciences, e.g. Physics prehistoric = the time before recorded history jigsaw puzzle = shell = likely = probable hard = not easily broken 2 Mesozoic Era = a period in history from 250 million years ago to 65 million years ago human = a man, a woman, or a child landmass = a large area of land break into pieces = to become smaller parts of something big slowly = not quickly form = to take shape timeline = a line showing the time of events divide = to make smaller parts from a big part evolve = to develop gradually become extinct = to no longer exist worm = long = high = huge = very big covered in = having something all over plate = armour = bite = 62