National Geographic Young Explorer September issue 2014
Seeing Stars Where can you see the stars? When can you see the stars? In the sky? At night?
Seeing Stars There are also stars in the sea. What are the stars in the sea? Starfish or sea stars Photos of sea stars:
Seeing Stars Sea stars (starfish) are animals that live in the sea. They are called marine animals. They are not fish. They are closely related to sea urchins and sand dollars. A sea urchin Sand dollars
Seeing Stars There are about 2000 different types of sea stars. All sea stars live in the ocean. Some live in warm, tropical waters while others live in cold oceans.
Seeing Stars Can you think of ways of comparing these two sea stars?
Seeing Stars Ways of comparing sea stars: - Count the number of arms -look at the size of sea stars' arms - look at sea stars' colour
number The majority of sea stars have five arms.
Their skin can be a variety of colors. colour A sea star's colors can provide camouflage or send a warning to predators that says, "Stay away!"
size
Interesting facts about sea stars Most of a sea star's vital organs are in its arms. Sea stars can regrow severed limbs. Some sea stars can only do this if the center portion of their body is intact. Others can regrow an entire body from a small piece of an arm. Video: sea star regrowing limbs
Interesting facts about sea stars Sea stars have hundreds of small tube feet. They are in paired rows on the underside of each arm. These tube feet use suction to help sea stars crawl around. Video: tube feet movement of a sea star Video of sea star walking: Sea stars use their feet to open shells. They eat what's inside. Video: sea star eating Video: sea star eating mussels (with explanation)
Super Seasons What are seasons? Seasons are regular changes that occur each year. They are marked by specific weather patterns and hours of daylight.
Super Seasons What are the four seasons? Spring, summer, autumn (fall), winter Song: four seasons ( very easy) Song: four seasons (easy) Video: a book of four seasons Video: characteristics of four seasons
Super Seasons Why are there four seasons? Changes in the amount of daylight cause many places on Earth to have seasons. Depends on where you live. Video: learn about four seasons
Super Seasons Why are there four seasons? (in-depth) Seasons change because Earth rotates on an axis that is tilted. Because of the tilt, different parts of Earth are closer to the sun at different times of the year. For example, when the Northern Hemisphere is closer to the sun, it gets more light and sun, and it's summer. Sunlight in the Northern Hemisphere
Super Seasons What are the characteristics of the four seasons? Spring Warm Day is longer summer Hot Day is the longest autumn (fall) Cool Day is shorter winter Cold Day is the shortest
Super Seasons Plants and animals change when seasons change. Plants grow in spring because the longer daylight hours and warmer temperatures. Many plants die in autumn. change
Super Seasons Plants and animals change when seasons change. Birds lay eggs when there is more light. Bears go into hibernation when light is less and temperatures fall. Many animals migrate between seasons, which allows them to stay in an environment where they can survive.
Super Seasons Changing seasons affect food availability. This can affect what people and animals eat. For example snow monkeys eat leaves, flowers, fruit, seeds, insects and tree bark at different times of the year. Video: snow monkeys eating leaves
Super Seasons Snow monkeys Live in some areas in Japan where snow covers the ground for months each year. They have thick fur to keep warm. However, in central Japan, snow monkeys can also be found bathing in natural hot springs for warmth. Video: snow monkeys in hot spring
Lizard Land What can you see in this picture? A lizard. Rocks. Sand. The sky. Clouds. Grass.
Lizard Land Living things need and use energy. They need food, water, and air to live. Which one in the picture is a living thing? The lizard.
Lizard Land Living things Non-living things Use energy Breathe Move Eat Grow Reproduce Die
Lizard Land The lizard is a marine iguana. It lives in Galapagos near Africa. It is a herbivore (eats plants only). It eats underwater algae and seaweed. Video: marine iguana in Galapagos
Lizard Land Marine iguana Use energy Breathe Move Eat Grow Reproduce Die Air In the sea & on rocky shore Eat plants (algae & seaweed),drink water Can be 1.7m long Can lay 50 eggs every time At 5 12 years old