The use of antimicrobials in livestock production and antimicrobial resistance in pathogens from livestock Dr. W K de Silva Director General Department of Animal Production and Health
Production 2011 Milk Lt. Million 286.7 Eggs Million 1717.9 Chicken MT 116.76 Animal Type Number Cattle 1,191,850.00 Buffalo 475,304.00 Goat 396,909.00 Swine 85,461.00 Parent Poultry Grand 20,000.00 Layer 110,000.00 Broiler 880,000.00 commercial Broiler 7,080,000.00 Layer 6,070,000.00
Legal framework Key legal instrument - Animal Diseases Act No 59 of 1992 Antimicrobials have been categorised under the pharmaceuticals Director General - empowered officer for the general administration of this Act
Legal framework cont. Section 17 Prohibits manufacture without proper authorization Section 21 Prohibits import without proper approval Section 31 Not recommend for import without valid certificate from CVO at origin Section 32 Appoint VDCA
Institutional arrangements Veterinary Drug control Authority (VDCA) Chairman DG/DAPH Registrar Veterinarian employed under DAPH Specialist committee (clinical practice in State and Private sectors, microbiology and immunology, Parasitology, pharmacology, nutrition) reproductive physiology and endocrinology Representative for pharmaceutical industry
Institutional arrangements cont. Functions of VDCA Exercise control over the manufacture, import, export, sale and use Ensure the efficient and safe use of veterinary drugs Determine whether licenses shall be granted for the manufacture or importation Advise the Minister on any matter he may refer Promote research Disseminate information relating to the safe and efficient use
Institutional arrangements cont. Animal Feeds Animal Feed Act No 15 of 1986 regulate, supervise and control the manufacture, sale and distribution of animal feeds Animal Feed Advisory Committee has been established Veterinary Officer attached to the Department function as the Registrar Director General functions as the Chairman
Extent of antimicrobial use in livestock production Poultry sector main user antimicrobials, anthelmintics, anti-coccidials oral powder/liquid Dairy sector mainly udder infusions and anthelmintics S R I L A N K A Swine sector antimirobials parenteral, oral anthelmintics
Imports 2012 S R I L A N K A Active ingredient Quantity kg Enrofloxacin 2696 Amoxycillin 6130 Tylosine 3026 Sulphadiazine 5264 Trimethoprim 1300 Oxytetracycline 1032 Chlortetracycline 900 Neomycin 808 Bacterim 710 Doxycycline 658 Flumequine 560 Penicilin 76 Ceftifor 8 Total 23,168
Current (and planned) arrangements DAPH has well recognized the importance of issue of AMR and residues in animal derived food Updating process of regulations of the Act launched regulate use, storage, sales Food safety has been identified as a discipline under veterinary public health program Education enhanced prudent use, developing professionals for pharmaceutical vending
Patterns and extent of AMR animal pathogens Studies on antimicrobial resistance and sensitivity are largely limited to testing of milk samples take for mastitis ABST In 2012, VICs performed 1609 ABST S R I L A N K A 790 milk samples & 819 other laboratory samples
S R I L A N K A Antimicrobial Agent Total % Shown resistance Amoxycillin 101 17.53 Enrofloxacin 97 16.84 Gentamycin 18 3.13 Oxytetracycline 142 24.65 Cephalexin 143 24.83 Cloxacillin 161 27.95 Penicillin 205 35.59 Sulpha+Trimethoprim 27 4.69 Neomycin 8 1.39 Doxycycline 10 1.74 Ampicillin 59 10.24 Streptomycin 12 2.08 Sulphamethoxazole 10 1.74 Chloramphenicol 15 2.60 Tetracycline 4 0.69 Erythromycin 4 0.69
Status of National Currency Fund Govt of Sri Lanka plan on AAA Economic development (Agriculture+Aquaculture+Animal Production) Finances allocated for residue, AMR, awareness Planned to develop people for pharmaceutical industry diploma level Agree with APHCA, FAO, OIE in appropriate plans falls under National Development Agenda
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