Turks and Caicos Islands Turtle Project (TCITP)

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Turks and Caicos Islands Turtle Project (TCITP) Amdeep Sanghera Marine Conservation Society - UK Tom Stringell Marine Turtle Research Group University of Exeter in Cornwall UK

Tom Stringell tbs203@exeter.ac.uk Countryside Council for Wales: UK Govt. Agency Marine Turtle Research Group: University of Exeter Photo: Jeremy Stafford-Dietsch

Turks and Caicos Islands Turtle Project (TCITP) Annette Broderick, Marta Calosso, Lisa Campbell, John Claydon, Wesley Clerveaux, Brendan Godley, Kathy Lockhart, Simon Notley, Ann Notley, Quentin Phillips, Susan Ranger, Peter Richardson, Amdeep Sanghera, Thomas Stringell.

Contents Introduction Why we are doing the project Social research Biological research Harvest assessment

Contents Introduction Why we are doing the project Social research Biological research Harvest assessment

BERMUDA TURKS & CAICOS ISLANDS CAYMAN ISLANDS Caribbean Sea BRITISH VIRGIN ISLANDS ANGUILLA MONTSERRAT

Major turtle fishery: Richardson et al., 2009. CCB Photo: P. Richardson

Photo: A. Sanghera TCI s fishery legislation Turtle eggs & nesting females Turtles at sea < 20in. (51cm) / 20lbs (9kg) Turtles at sea > 20in. (51cm) / 20lbs (9kg)

TCITP Invited by DECR to: Better understand TCI s marine turtle harvest on a biological and social basis Assist DECR in devising sustainable management strategy for the turtle fishery

Assess status of breeding and foraging turtle populations in TCI waters

Assess scale of TCI turtle harvest and effect on overall population Photo: P. Richardson

Further understand economic/social importance of turtles to people Photo: Lisa Campbell

Facilitate stakeholder participation in developing future turtle fishery management plan

Final outputs Recommendations for fishery legislation amends Draft turtle fishery management plan for DECR

Contents Introduction Why we are doing the project Social research Biological research Harvest assessment

Filming of social research documentary in TCI

Screenings of documentary

Discussion workshops.

Workshop discussions included stakeholder perceptions on future turtle fishery management scenarios

turtle fishery ban; species bans; quotas; maximum/minimum size limits; open/closed season; co-management; enforcement and monitoring.

Fisher decision-making study

Ethnography

Commodity chain analysis to understand importance of turtle use to South Caicos communities.

Contents Introduction Why we are doing the project Social research Biological research Harvest assessment

Population Dynamics: in water

Abundance Estimation Catch Mark Recapture

Biometrics

Genetic sampling

Mixed Stock Analysis: Foraging Populations Photo: Peter Richardson/MCS

Origins

Origins

Migration tracks of female hawksbill turtles after nesting on Mona Island,Puerto Rico

Size at Recruitment to Feeding Grounds

Ontogenetic Shifts: Recruitment to Feeding Grounds When do turtles recruit to the foraging grounds Stable Isotopes δ13 C δ15 N Coastal Oceanic δ15 N δ13 C

Foraging ecology / Diet stable isotopes

Diet Stomach contents & Diet vouchers Match Stable isotopic signatures of food to that of turtle tissue

Sex ratios Gonad samples from harvested turtles Hormone assays from blood

Results: sex ratios Female:Male Green 1.96:1 Hawksbill 10:1 Male Female Photo: T. Stringell Photo: A. Sanghera

Incidental observations: FP Photo: A. Sanghera

Nesting surveys

Nesting surveys

Contents Introduction Why we are doing the project Social research Biological research Harvest assessment

An Assessment of the Harvest of Marine Turtles in the Turks & Caicos Islands, Caribbean Thomas Stringell, Annette Broderick, Marta Calosso, Lisa Campbell, John Claydon, Wesley Clerveaux, Brendan Godley, Kathy Lockhart, Simon Notley, Ann Notley, Quentin Phillips, Susan Ranger, Peter Richardson, Amdeep Sanghera. tbs203@exeter.ac.uk

Methods Project staff (authors) - direct counts of butchered landings of C. mydas and E. imbricata for 1 year from 24 November 2008 Photo: T. Stringell

Providenciales South Caicos Grand Turk

Methods: harvest estimation We use the number of turtles landed to estimate the harvest at each island Sum of island estimates = annual harvest in TCI Estimates are related to observations on South Caicos we know most about these data. Assumes seasonality is same at all islands

Results: size Green Butchered vs In-water 51.7cm(43.9-60.1) vs 42.7cm(35.7-49.0) n=251, U=3667 P<0.001 In-water Butchered

Green Adults: Costa Rica Bjorndal et al., 2005 In-water Butchered

Hawksbill Butchered vs In-water 54.4cm (46.8-62.4) vs 41.0cm (31.9-47.3) n=170, U=1156 P<0.001 In-water Butchered

Hawksbill Adults: Cuba Moncada et al., 1999 Adults: Barbados Beggs et al., 2007 In-water Butchered

Results: seasonality (South Caicos) Hawksbill χ 6 2 =17.7, P<0.01 Green χ 6 2 =28.1, P<0.01 Interpolated Absolute

Results: seasonality (South Caicos) Hawksbill χ 6 2 =17.7, P<0.01 Green χ 6 2 =28.1, P<0.01 Interpolated Absolute

Results: seasonality (South Caicos) Green 2 χ 11=65.6, P<0.001 Interpolated Absolute

Results: seasonality (South Caicos) Green 2 χ 11=65.6, P<0.001 Interpolated Absolute

Results: seasonality (South Caicos) Hawksbill 2 χ 11=36.7, P<0.001 Interpolated Absolute

Results: seasonality (South Caicos) Hawksbill 2 χ 11=36.7, P<0.001 Interpolated Absolute

Estimated harvest Hawksbill Green Grand Turk Providenciales South Caicos

Photo: A. Sanghera Estimated harvest Scale: 249 297 green turtles 356 392 hawksbill ~1 turtle per day per sp. MINIMUM

Conclusions Work in progress: assessing whether there is a need for legislative change, developing a sustainable management strategy Photo: T. Stringell

Thank you! Amdeep Sanghera (MCS) amdeep.sanghera@ mcsuk.org Tom Stringell (MTRG) tbs203@exeter.ac.uk

Acknowledgements Simon and Ann Notley Fishermen of South Caicos Kathy Lockhart and staff at DECR Students & staff at SFS TCI tbs203@exeter.ac.uk

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