DVM Min-Hye, Lee Natinal Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service f the Krean Ministry fr Fd, Agriculture, Frestry and Fisheries
Cntent Preface Ⅰ. Intrductin Ⅱ. Cmparisn f legislatins in each cuntry Ⅲ. Cnclusin Ⅳ.Summary f internship activity (Memry f OIE) Epilgue
Preface The authr f this reprt, Dr Min-Hye Lee, wrked as an intern in the Internatinal Trade department f OIE frm 29 March 2008 t 19 June 2008. Dr Lee hlds a Master degree f Veterinary Medicine frm Seul University and has wrked at Natinal Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service f the Krean Ministry fr Fd, Agriculture, Frestry and Fisheries fr the last twelve years. Mst recently she has been engaged in the area f quarantine affairs at NVRQS. This wrk is the realizatin f a childhd ambitin fr Dr Lee t wrk with animals. Her keen childhd interest in animals led t her jining the Krean Animal Prtectin Sciety when she entered high schl. Thrugh this she develped a strng interest in the welfare f animals which in turn led t her decisin t enter veterinary cllege and qualify as a veterinarian. There has been a cnsiderable evlutin in the attitude f the Krean peple twards the welfare f animals in the last tw decades. Unlike the time when Dr Lee was a member f the Krean Animal Prtectin Sciety, when a brad cncept lving animals was prevalent, peple in Krea nw recgnize that the happiness and welfare f animals is directly cnnected with human welfare, and a cncept f animal prtectin fcused n the harmnius life f animals and humans is being stressed. In taking up an OIE internship with supprt f the Krean gvernment Dr Lee had the pprtunity t study advanced cncepts f animal welfare that were established earlier than Krea s. In carrying ut studies f detailed plans that benefit bth humans and animals her bjective was t play a rle fr animal welfare and firmly establish a cncept f animal welfare which suits the current situatin in Krea. At the same time, the Krean gvernment has recgnized that animal welfare is an essential issue in Krea and is taking the first steps t mve frward in that area..
Ⅰ. Intrductin Backgrund: OIE and animal welfare Animal welfare was first identified as a pririty in the OIE Strategic Plan 2001-2005. OIE Member Cuntries and Territries mandated the rganisatin t take the lead internatinally n animal welfare and, as the internatinal reference rganisatin fr animal health, t develp recmmendatins and guidelines cvering animal welfare practices, and reaffirm that animal health is a key cmpnent f animal welfare. The Permanent Animal Welfare Wrking Grup was inaugurated at the 70th General Sessin f the OIE in May 2002 and the first recmmendatins f the Wrking Grup were adpted ne year later. The OIE Guiding Principles n animal welfare were included in the OIE Terrestrial Animal Health Cde (Terrestrial Cde) in 2004. The OIE cnvened the First Glbal Cnference n Animal Welfare in February 2004. As well as the Veterinary Services in OIE Member Cuntries and Territries, the Cnference targeted livestck prducers and ther players (e.g. meat prcessrs) in the meat sectr, veterinary practitiners and internatinal nn-gvernmental rganisatins (NGOs) wrking in animal welfare. The main bjective f the Cnference was t raise awareness f, and t explain, OIE's animal welfare initiative. At its 73rd General Sessin, in May 2005, the OIE Internatinal Cmmittee (cmprising the Natinal Delegates f the Member Cuntries and Territries) adpted five animal welfare standards t be included in the OIE Terrestrial Cde. These cver: the transprt f animals by land the transprt f animals by sea the transprt f animals by air the slaughter f animals fr human cnsumptin the killing f animals fr disease cntrl purpses. Under the current Strategic Plan, fr the perid 2006-2010, OIE will cntinue t develp internatinal standards and guidelines in accrdance with the directin established in 2004. OIE will hld a Secnd Glbal Cnference n Animal Welfare in Cair (Egypt) n 20-22 Octber 2008. With this cnference the OIE wishes t supprt its Members, especially intransitin and develping cuntries, t implement the OIE standards and thereby t imprve animal welfare. The invlvement f veterinarians and fficial veterinary services is key t
imprving animal welfare. The Cnference has a strng practical rientatin. OIE and partner rganisatins will review prgress made by Members, Veterinary Services, livestck prducers and the ther players in the meat sectr in the implementatin f OIE's animal welfare standards. Future develpments Ntwithstanding the prgress made t date, there are still many challenges and OIE cntinues t develp its standard setting wrk int new areas f imprtance t animal welfare. In 2007, OIE was in the prcess f finalising Guidelines fr the Cntrl f Stray Dg Ppulatins. This wrk falls within OIE mandates fr animal health, public health and animal welfare, as it addresses humane methds fr the cntrl f dg ppulatins and the preventin f imprtant zntic diseases, such as rabies and hydatidsis, in cmmunities. OIE is cnvening new ad hc Grups t address Labratry Animal Welfare and Livestck Prductin Systems. Draft texts elabrated by these Grups will be reviewed by the Permanent Animal Welfare Wrking Grup and the OIE Terrestrial Animal Health Standards Cde Cmmissin befre transmissin t Members fr cmment, then fr apprval, in accrdance with the demcratic and transparent OIE prcedure fr standard setting. Reprts f ad hc Grups are generally included as annexes t the reprts f the OIE Terrestrial Animal Health Standards Cde Cmmissin. This Cmmissin meets twice a year and the reprts are placed n the OIE internet site (nrmally in Nvember and April). Outline f this reprt This reprt is a cmparisn f the animal welfare regulatins in different cuntries. The cuntries cnsidered are: The United States f America, New Zealand, Canada, Australia, the Eurpean Unin, Malaysia and the Philippines. The fllwing aspects f animal welfare in each cuntry are are cnsidered in the cmparisn: Cmpulsry regulatins; vluntary regulatins; penalties relating t breaches f animal welfare standards; and the level f detail with which different animal species are treated in the regulatuins When cmparing the regulatins in develped cuntries with thse in develping cuntries it was fund that regulatins in develping cuntries cntain nly very basic plicy infrmatin abut animal welfare. Mre detailed infrmatin abut their animal welfare plicies was nt easy t find. It culd be assumed that many develping cuntries are just starting t recgnize the imprtance f animal welfare and nly starting t develp mre substantial regulatins nw.
Ⅱ.Cmparisn f legislatins in each cuntry Summary f legislatin USA Federal legislatin Animal Welfare Act Minimum standards f care and treatment t be prvided fr certain animals bred fr cmmercial sale, used in research, transprted cmmercially, r exhibited t the public. Individuals wh perate facilities in these categries must prvide their animals with adequate care and treatment in the areas f husing, handling, sanitatin, nutritin, water, veterinary care, and prtectin frm extreme weather and temperatures. Regulates the care and treatment f warm blded animals, except thse such as farm animals, used fr fd, fiber, r ther agricultural purpses. State legislatin Each state has the legislatin cncerning animal cruelty. Example f vluntary cdes (Animal Welfare Institute ) General principles f envirnmental enrichment & shelter - All animals shall be allwed t behave naturally. The inflictin f pain and fear are strictly prhibited. The majr benefits f these standards are increased space available t each animal and the increased pprtunity fr scial interactin, cmfrt, and physical and psychlgical well-being. - All animals must have dry, clean bedding fr cmfrt, health, warmth, insulatin frm cld r wet flrs and dirt, ccupatin, and cleanliness. - The envirnment and shelter fr animals shall be designed t allw the animals t behave naturally. Animals shall be able t perfrm behaviurs essential t the animal s psychlgical and physical health and well- being. The system must be fitted t the animals, rather than the animal fitted t the system. - Clse cnfinement that prevents an animal frm walking and turning arund is prhibited unless briefly required fr vaccinatin, weighing, feeding, marking r veterinary prcedures. Species - Cattle(dairy/beef) - pigs - chicken - ducks - rabbit
- sheep - turkey - geese Scpe f the cde Husing, diet, water, handling, euthanasia, genetic, space requirement, bedding, inspectin, weaning, Health & veterinary, lading/unlading, transprt, breeding and rigin f stck, psitive health management and recrd keeping, prtectin frm predatrs * The scpe may be different fr each species. Examples f Husing - Cattle shall be fed frm bunkers set n pasture lands r in a sheltered area, in all but the mst severe weather cnditins. Sufficient access t the bunker shall be prvided t allw grup feeding and availability t all members f the herd regardless f their psitin in the scial hierarchy. - Shelter shuld prvide: Prtectin frm the wind, sleet and heavy snws. A surce f heat. This can be prvided by a prperly maintained deep bedding pack. Sufficient space fr all animals in the herd t lie dwn, (respecting the scial hierarchy f the herd). A mechanism fr feeding cattle and prviding water in a sheltered envirnment in extreme weather. Example f Management - In the event an animal suffers accidental injury n the farm r ranch the animal shall receive immediate individual treatment designed t minimize pain and suffering, including veterinary treatment if immediate relief cannt be prvided by the farmer. Examples f Feed & Water - All animals shall have access t water at all times. Where piping is required, the system shuld be checked regularly. - Animals shall have a feeding plan that will guarantee sufficiently varied and well balanced diet thrugh the year as well as their lifecycle. - Peridic testing f pasture nutritinal cntent is necessary as the nutrient value f pastures can vary with the weather, age f the plant, and verall cnditin f the pastures. Learning hw these patterns perate n an individual farm is critical t the success f a grazing management system.
New Zealand The Animal Welfare Act 1999 Includes all animals (excludes shellfish) Definitin f physical, health, and behaviural needs - In this Act, the term physical, health, and behaviural needs, in relatin t an animal, includes Prper and sufficient fd and water: Adequate shelter: Opprtunity t display nrmal patterns f behaviur: Physical handling in a manner which minimises the likelihd f unreasnable r unnecessary pain r distress: Prtectin frm, and rapid diagnsis f, any significant injury r disease, being a need which, in each case, is apprpriate t the species, envirnment, and circumstances f the animal. Giving certain legal pwer t animal welfare inspectr, auxiliary fficers and veterinarians. Penalties - A persn wh cmmits an ffence against Act is liable n summary cnvictin, In the case f an individual, t imprisnment fr a term nt exceeding 6 mnths r t a fine nt exceeding $25,000 r t bth; r In the case f a bdy crprate t a fine nt exceeding $125,000. Cdes f Welfare -2003 Accrding t the Act, - Purpse f cde T establish prcedures fr the develpment, issue, amendment, review, and revcatin f cdes f welfare that: Relate t animals that are wned by any persn r are in the charge f any persn; and Establish minimum standards with regard t the way in which persns care fr such animals and cnduct themselves twards such animals; and Include recmmendatins n the best practice t be bserved by persns in caring fr such animals and in cnducting themselves twards such animals. - Cntents A cde f welfare may relate t ne r mre f the fllwing: A species f animal Animals used fr purpses specified in the cde
Animal establishments f a kind specified in the cde Types f entertainment specified in the cde (being types f entertainment in which animals are used) The transprt f animals The prcedures and equipment used in the management, care, r killing f animals r in the carrying ut f surgical prcedures n animals. Key principles: The fllwing sectin headings shuld be used fr species-specific cdes: - Fd and water. - Shelter and ther facilities (husing, lighting, ventilatin, feed pads, yards, races). - Husbandry practices (t include physical handling and expressins f nrmal behaviur). - disease and injury cntrl. * The scpe may be different fr each species. Minimum Standards Fd/Feed - Animals shuld receive a daily diet in adequate quantities and cntaining adequate nutrients t meet their requirements fr gd health and well being. - When cnsidering the amunt f fd and nutrients animals require, a number f factrs need t be taken int accunt: physilgical state: newbrn/yung animals, grwth, maintenance, pregnancy and lactatin extensive r intensive management systems (in the case f prductin animals) nutritinal cmpsitin f feed age sex size bdy cnditin state f health quality f diet grwth rate previus feeding levels feeding frequency terrain in the case f prductin animals genetic effects f strain r breed level f activity and exercise maximum perids f fd deprivatin (e.g. during transprtatin) intrductin f new feeds climatic factrs (e.g. inclement weather, drughts)
Water Minimum standards shuld require cntinuus access t water that is nt cntaminated r deleterius t health. Where there are limitatins n the ability f animals t drink, e.g. during transprtatin, minimum standards shuld specify water requirements. Animal health Cdes f welfare must address the bligatin f Prtectin frm, and rapid diagnsis f, any significant injury r disease (sectin 4 f the Act). It is suggested that, as a minimum, three general elements need t be cvered in the minimum standards t address this bligatin. Apprpriate preventative measures r strategies shuld be in place (e.g. breeding fr facial eczema resistance, rtatinal grazing, vaccinatin, hygiene), t reduce the likelihd f infectius and parasitic diseases and injury. Peple caring fr animals must be able t recgnise early signs f disease, distress r injury which can cmprmise welfare. Apprpriate actin must be taken when animals are sick r injured (treatment, separatin frm ther animals, veterinary care, humane killing). - An example f a minimum standard that may be apprpriate: Peple caring fr animals must check regularly fr early signs f disease, distress r injury which can cmprmise animal welfare (specify frequency accrding t species/ envirnment/ circumstances). Minimum standards shuld deal in a general way with prtective/prphylactic measures, recgnitin f the signs f illness r injury, and the apprpriate treatment. Additinal detail relating t aspects such as the signs f illness, indicatrs fr veterinary treatment, and cmmn illnesses can be included, prbably mst apprpriately in the general infrmatin sectin, if shrt. Imprtant infrmatin that is lnger than ne page shuld be placed in an appendix. Be mindful f the impact f minimum standards n alternative prductin methds. Shelter - Assessment f what is adequate takes int accunt the species cncerned, and the envirnment and circumstances f the animal. In sme cases, it may be cnsidered adequate fr n shelter t be prvided. Fr example, cattle may nt need shelter in winter in nrthern parts f New Zealand. Hwever, shelter frm ht sun is prbably needed in summer fr these same animals. The cnverse may be true fr cattle in suthern parts f New Zealand. The effect is that sme frm f shelter shuld prbably be available in mst areas in New Zealand where animals are held utdrs thrughut the year. Available reprts -Briler chickens -Circuses -Cmpanin cats -Deer -Layer hens
-Pigs -Rdes -Zs Canada Federal legislatin Federally, three pieces f legislatin prvide humane prtectin fr livestck (see Table belw). F e d e r a l Act Enfrcement Scpe Criminal Cde (Sectin 446 Cruelty t animals) Health f Animals Act Meat Inspectin Act Plice Officers Sme SPCA cnstables CFIA inspectrs Sme SPCA cnstables trained by CFIA Plice Officers CFIA inspectrs Plice Officers Prhibits cruelty t animals that is willful r withut lawful excuse. Measures t prtect animals frm undue suffering during transprt and lading. Sme measures t prtect fd animals during handling and slaughter in federally registered slaughter facilities Fines and penalties prvided fr in the legislatin were difficult t summarise. Hwever the fllwing is an example. Every ne wh wilfully (a) kills, maims, wunds, pisns r injures cattle, r (b) places pisn in such a psitin that it may easily be cnsumed by cattle, is guilty f an indictable ffence and liable t imprisnment fr a term nt exceeding five years Prvincial welfare acts Each prvince has legislatin cncerning animal welfare. Prvincial legislatin and regulatins tend t be general in scpe, cvering a wide range f animal welfare interests. Sme prvinces have regulatins gverning
specific aspects r pertaining t certain species. Recmmended natinal vluntary cdes (frm 1988) - Drafted under the auspices f the Canadian Agri-Fd Research Cuncil by prducer rganizatins (since 2005 the cdes have been ne f the respnsibilities f the Natinal Farm Animal Care Cuncil). Scpe - Beef/ Bisn - Dairy Cattle - Deer - Hrses - Mink - Pigs - Pultry - Layer - Chicken, Turkey and Breeders frm Hatchery t Prcessing Plant - Sheep - Veal Calves Shuld be regularly reviewed (every 5 years) Basic acceptable practices- musts / recmmendatin- shulds Critical issues (husing, feed, health) shuld be addressed in the cdes fr each species. The fllwing is a list f issues t be included in each Cde: Accmmdatin/Husing/Handling Facilities Fd and Water Management (including yung and cull animals/pultry) Health (e.g., recrd keeping, lameness, cnditin scring, sick and injured animals) Transprtatin Euthanasia Husbandry/Stckmanship * The scpe may be different fr each species. Examples f Husing Cattle - The design and use f shelter facilities fr beef cattle shuld prmte the health, well-being and gd perfrmance f animals at all stages f their lives. - Natural r cnstructed shelter areas shuld adequately prtect animals frm weather fluctuatins characteristic f the regin. Pultry - Husing facilities shuld be prepared t receive the chickens at the time f their arrival. The brding area shuld be cleaned and disinfected, and the heating equipment shuld be
perating at the level necessary t maintain an envirnmental temperature suitable fr chicks. - Chicken flcks shuld be bserved and mnitred at least twice a day. Examples f Management Cattle: - Everyne wrking with cattle r managing animal facilities must understand and accept their respnsibility t prevent unnecessary suffering f animals. - An imprtant skill f cattlemen is the ability t recgnize early signs f distress r disease in animals s that the cause can be identified and prmpt, apprpriate actin taken. Pultry: - T minimize excitement f the chickens, attendants wrking with the same grups f chickens shuld wear clthing f unifrm appearance during the whle prductin cycle. Activities f attendants shuld be cnsistent and perfrmed accrding t a schedule. - Beak trimming (chickens), shuld be carried ut nly by highly cmpetent, trained individuals. Particular attentin must be paid t selectin and adjustment f the equipment and t its maintenance. Beak trimming shuld ideally take place prir t 14 days f age Examples f Feed and Water Cattle: - Adequate feed must be prvided regularly. - When cattle are fed in grups, all animals must have access t feed. Whenever restricted feeding is practiced, all animals shuld have simultaneus access t the feeders s that they may eat at the same time. - Drinking water must be available at all times. It shuld be fresh and free frm cntaminatin. Pultry: - Aggressive behaviur may ccur when chickens are frced t cmpete fr inadequate resurces. T avid this, make sure layers are prvided with enugh feeding and watering space and an adequate and predictable supply f feed and water. Feed frmulatins shuld reflect the different stage grwth f birds and husing system used. Australia In Australia, under the Cnstitutin, each state and territry is respnsible fr its wn animal welfare legislatin. The Cmmnwealth has limited jurisdictin in this area, dealing with the exprt f animals and animal prducts. Animal welfare legislatin f each state Australian Capital Territry Animal Welfare Act 1992 New Suth Wales Animals Act 1997, Exhibited Animals Prtectin Act 1986, Animal Research Act 1985
Nrthern Territry Animal Welfare Act 2001 Suth Australia Preventin f Cruelty t Animals Act 1985 Tasmania Animal Welfare Act 1993 Victria Preventin f Cruelty t Animals Act 1986 Western Australia Animal Welfare Act 2002 Queensland Animal Care and Prtectin Act 2001 Agriculture Fisheries and Frestry Australia Livestck Exprt Orders Livestck Exprt Accreditatin Prgramme Each Australian state and territry gvernment shuld enact legislatin, under the Animal Welfare Act r equivalent, t prevent cruelty t animals, and t further animal welfare by: Cverage Prmting the respnsible care and use f animals, and prtecting animals frm cruelty and neglect. Defining acceptable standards f animal care and use, and prviding a mechanism fr enfrcement f these standards. - All live vertebrates (except humans) and prescribed invertebrates. Cruelty - The Act shuld list: Acts f cmmissin that must nt be dne t an animal Acts f missin which if dne t an animal will result in pain and suffering, and Other specified unacceptable uses f animals. Statutry Rules (Regulatins) - The Act shuld prvide fr the making f Statutry Rules (Regulatins) that enable: The Act t cver the declaratin f any nn-vertebrate species The accreditatin f an animal welfare sciety whse fficers may be appinted as inspectrs under the Act, and The better administratin and implementatin f the Act. Example f statutry rules New Suth Wales - Preventin f Cruelty t Animals Act 1979 Cverage
- Vertebrate species amphibians birds fish mammals (ther than a humans) reptiles Crustaceans but nly when at a building r place (such as a restaurant) where fd is prepared r ffered fr cnsumptin by retail sale in the building r place. Animals t be prvided with fd, drink r shelter A persn in charge f an animal shall nt fail t prvide the animal with fd, drink r shelter, r any f them, which, in each case, is prper and sufficient and which it is reasnably practicable in the circumstances fr the persn t prvide. In any prceedings fr an ffence against subsectin (1), evidence that an animal was nt prvided with clean water during a perid f 24 hurs is evidence that the persn accused f the ffence has failed t prvide the animal with prper and sufficient drink during that perid. In any prceedings fr an ffence against subsectin (1), evidence that an animal was nt prvided with fd r shelter during a perid f 24 hurs (r, in the case f an animal f a class prescribed by the regulatins, during the perid prescribed fr that class f animal) is evidence that the persn accused f the ffence has failed t prvide the animal with prper and sufficient fd r shelter during that perid. Cnfined animals t be exercised A persn in charge f an animal which is cnfined shall nt fail t prvide the animal with adequate exercise. Maximum penalty 250 penalty units in the case f a crpratin and 50 penalty units r imprisnment fr 6 mnths, r bth in the case f an individual Mdel cdes f practice fr the welfare f Animals Cverage Cattle Pultry Pigs Buffal Ostriches Emus Rabbit Hrse
Gat Sheep It is nt an ffence if animals are nt kept precisely as specified in the Cdes but referencing them makes them admissible in prceedings fr a related ffence in the State s Act r regulatins. Even if a cde is nt referenced int the State s Regulatin, it is still regarded as the minimum standard by which livestck shuld be kept * The scpe may be different fr each species. Range Husing, space allwance, ventilatin, lighting, health & distress, fd, water, management practice, precautins against drught, air, inspectin Examples f husing cattle - Sufficient space t stand, lie dwn, turn arund, stretch and grm, and t perfrm nrmal patterns f behaviur pultry - Flrs, ther surfaces, fitting and equipment must be designed, cnstructed and maintained s as t minimise the risk f injury and disease, and t adequately supprt the birds. Examples f water and feed cattle - Adequate quantity and quality f water, fd t maintain gd health. - Sufficient water must be prvided accrding t age, bdyweight, prductin level, air temperature,humidity and dry matter cntent f the feed eaten. - Shuld be prtected as far as pssible frm txic plants r ther substances harmful t their health. pultry - Must have access t sufficient prtable water t meet their physilgical requirements. Measures must be taken t ensure pultry, ther than thse newly hatched, are nt deprived f water fr mre than 24 hurs. Newly hatched birds require water within 60 hurs. Lesser perids apply during ht weather. - Must receive a diet cntaining adequate nutrients t meet their requirements fr gd health and vitality. Pultry must nt be prvided with fd that is deleterius t their health. Examples f management cattle - Scial cntact with ther cattle. Individual cattle such as huse cws may adapt t slitude, prvided ther welfare requirements are met. - Apprpriate hygienic precautins must be undertaken fr all peratin.
pultry - Pultry prducers shuld als perate an effective prgram t prevent infectius disease and internal and external parasitism. Vaccinatins and ther treatments applied t pultry shuld be undertaken by peple skilled in the prcedures. Eurpean Unin Cuncil Directive 98/58/EC and Cuncil Directive 1999/74/EC Member States shall ensure that the cnditins under which animals (ther than fish, reptiles r amphibians) are bred r kept, having regard t their species and t their degree f develpment, adaptatin and dmesticatin, and t their physilgical and ethlgical needs in accrdance with established experience and scientific knwledge, cmply with the prvisins set ut in the Annex. Cmmunity legislatin cncerning the welfare cnditins f farm animals lays dwn minimum standards. Natinal gvernments may adpt mre stringent rules prvided the are cmpatible with the prvisins f the Treaty. Scpe - Any animal (including fish, reptiles r amphibians) bred r kept fr the prductin f fd, wl, skin r fur r fr ther farming purpses; - Specific rules fr animals in the fllwing categries: calves pigs laying hens Annex (general range) - Buildings and accmmdatin Materials t be used fr the cnstructin f accmmdatin, and in particular fr the cnstructin f pens an equipment with which the animals may cme int cntact, must nt be harmful t the animals and must be capable f being thrughly cleaned and disinfected. Accmmdatin and fittings fr securing animals shall be cnstructed and maintained s that there are n sharp edges r prtrusins likely t cause injury t the animals. Air circulatin, dust levels, temperature, relative air humidity and gas cncentratins must be kept within limits which are nt harmful t the animals. Animals kept in buildings must nt be kept either in permanent darkness r withut an apprpriate perid f rest frm artificial lighting. Where the natural light available is insufficient t meet the physilgical and ethlgical needs f the animals, apprpriate artificial lighting must be prvided. - Animals nt kept in buildings Animals nt kept in buildings shall, where necessary and pssible, be given prtectin frm adverse weather cnditins, predatrs and risks t their health. - Feed, water and ther substances
Animals must be fed a whlesme diet which is apprpriate t their age and species and which is fed t them in sufficient quantity t maintain them in gd health and satisfy their nutritinal needs. N animal shall be prvided with fd r liquid in a manner, nr shall such fd r liquid cntain any substance, which may cause unnecessary suffering r injury. All animals must have access t feed at intervals apprpriate t their physilgical needs. All animals must have access t a suitable water supply r be able t satisfy their fluid intake needs by ther means. Feeding and watering equipment must be designed, cnstructed and placed s that cntaminatin f fd and water and the harmful effects f cmpetitin between the animals are minimised. N ther substance, with the exceptin f thse given fr therapeutic, r prphylactic purpses r fr the purpses f ztechnical treatment - Inspectin All animals kept in husbandry systems in which their welfare depends n frequent human attentin shall be inspected at least nce a day. Animals in ther systems shall be inspected at intervals sufficient t avid any suffering. Adequate lighting (fixed r prtable) shall be available t enable the animals t be thrughly inspected at any time. Any animal which appears t be ill r injured must be cared fr apprpriately withut delay and, where an animal des nt respnd t such care, veterinary advice must be btained as sn as pssible. Where necessary sick r injured animals shall be islated in suitable accmmdatin with, where apprpriate, dry cmfrtable bedding Specific rules fr: - Laying hens Enriched cages where laying hens have at least 750 cm² f cage area per hen. Nn- enriched cage systems where hens have at least 550 cm² f cage area per hen. Frm 1 January 2003 nwards such cages may nt be built anymre nr utilised fr the first time. By January 2012 at the latest this system must be prhibited. Nn-cage systems with nests (at least ne fr 7 hens), adequate perches and where the stcking density des nt exceed 9 laying hens per m² usable area. The hens kept in the enriched cage systems and the nn-cage systems must als have a nest, perching space f 15cm per hen, litter t allw pecking and scratching and unrestricted access t a feed trugh measuring at least 12cm per hen in the cage. -Calves Prhibits the use f cnfined individual pens after the age f eight weeks frm 1 January 1998 nwards fr all newly built r rebuilt hldings and frm 1 January 2007 fr all hldings. Sets ut minimum dimensins fr individual pens and fr calves kept in grup. Calves are nt t be tethered (except under very specific circumstances) and must be fed accrding t their physilgical needs. In particular their fd must cntain sufficient irn; a minimum daily ratin f fibrus fd shall be prvided fr each calf ver tw weeks ld. Calves may nt be muzzled. All hused calves shall be inspected by the wner r the persn respnsible fr the animals at least twice daily and calves kept utside shall be inspected at least nce daily. Any calf which appears t be ill r injured shall be treated apprpriately withut delay and veterinary advice shall be btained as sn as pssible fr any calf which is nt respnding t the stck-keeper's care. Where necessary,
- Pigs sick r injured calves shall be islated in adequate accmmdatin with dry, cmfrtable bedding. Ban the use f individual stalls fr pregnant sws and gilts and the use f tethers. Imprve the quality f the flring surfaces. Increase the living space available fr sws and gilts. Allw the sws and gilts t have permanent access t materials fr rting. Intrduce higher level f training and cmpetence n welfare issues fr the stckmen and the persnnel in charge f the animals. Request new scientific advice in relatin t certain issues f pig farming. Light requirements and maximum nise levels. Permanent access t materials fr rting and playing. Permanent access t fresh water. Additinal restrictive cnditins t carry ut mutilatins n pigs. Malaysia Animal Act 1953 "Animal" means any living creature ther than a human being and includes any beast, bird, fish, reptile r insect, whether wild r tame. - Any persn wh cruelly beats, kicks, ill-treats, verrides, verdrives, verlads, trtures, infuriates r terrifies any animal causes, prcures r assists at the fighting r baiting f any animal, r keeps, uses, manages, r acts r assists in the management f any premises r place fr the purpse, r partly fr the purpse, f fighting r baiting any animal, r permits any premises r place t be s kept, managed r used, r receives r causes r prcures any persn t receive, mney fr the admissin f any persn t such premises r place - An wner shall be deemed t have permitted cruelty if he shall have failed t exercise reasnable care and supervisin in respect f the prtectin f the animal frm cruelty - The Chief Minister in a State may by written permit authrize the wrestling f bulls, n a special ccasin f public interest r if he is satisfied that such wrestling is beneficial t the breed and, in either case, that n cruelty t any animal will arise frm such wrestling. Penalty - Shall be guilty f an ffence f cruelty and shall be liable t a fine f tw hundred ringgit r t imprisnment fr a term f six mnths r t bth. Philippines Republic Act N 8485 1998 Animal utilized fr breeding, maintaining, keeping, treating r training f all animals either as bject f trade r as husehld pets (including birds).
Prtect and prmte the welfare f all animals by supervising and regulating the establishment and peratins f all facilities utilized fr breeding, maintaining, keeping, treating r training f all animals either as bject f trade r as husehld pets. Shall be unlawful fr any persn t trture any animal, t neglect t prvide adequate care, sustenance r shelter, r maltreat any animal r t subject any dg r hrse t dgfights r hrsefights, kill r cause r prcure t be trtured r deprived f adequate care, sustenance r shelter, r maltreat r use the same in research r experiments nt expressly authrized by the Cmmittee n Animal Welfare. Penalty - Vilates any f the prvisins f this Act shall, upn cnvictin by final judgment be punished by imprisnment f nt less than six (6) mnths nr mre than tw (2) years r a fine r nt less than One thusand pess (P1,000) nr mre that Five thusand pess (P5,000) r bth at the discretin f the Curt. Ⅲ Cnclusin It is evident frm the cmparisn f regulatins in this reprt, that there is a clear lack f strng and systematic regulatins cncerning animal welfare frm sme cuntries, such as Malaysia and the Philippines. The strng and cmprehensive regulatins that are in frce in the Eurpean Unin, and cuntries such as Australia and New Zealand reflect the scientific wrk carried ut n animal welfare in these cuntries. In rder t assist the uptake f imprved appraches t animal welfare, particularly in the varius cuntries that have a weak r under-develped regulatry system, OIE shuld supprt research and the develpment f regulatins t generate infrmatin relevant t different regins. In the case f Krea, it shuld prepare regulatins that are mre specific than the current nes. These new regulatins shuld be based n scientific research and be matched t Krea s needs and situatin in rder t prmte animal welfare effectively.
Ⅳ.Summary f internship activity (Memry f OIE) Meeting f the OIE AD HOC grup n animal welfare and livestck prductin systems ( Paris, 8-10 April 2008) List f participants List f AD HOC GROUP Dr Carls A. Crrea Messuti (Chair) Ministeri de Ganadería, Agricultura y Pesca Cnstituyente 1476 Mntevide URUGUAY Tel.: (598-2) 412 63 58 Fax: (598-2) 413 63 31 E-mail: ccrream@multi.cm.uy Dr Xavier Manteca Vilanva Prfesr Titular de Universidad, Departament de Ciencia Animal y de ls Aliments, Universitat Autònma de Barcelna (UAB) Unidad de Fisilgía Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria Universitat Autònma de Barcelna 08193 (Bellaterra)Barcelna ESPAÑA Tel.: (+34) 93 581 16 47 Fax: (+34) 93 581 20 06 E-mail: xavier. manteca@uab. Es Dr Lars Schrader Federal Research Institut fr Animal Health - FLI Institute fr Animal Welfare and Animal Husbandry DörnbergstabBe 25/27 29223 Celle GERMANY Tel.: (49) 5141 3846-101 Fax: (49) 5141 3846-117 E-mail: Lars.schrader@fal.de Dr Abelard B. Agult, DVM, MPH Bard f Veterinary Medicine, Prfessinal Regulatin Cmmissin, P. Paredes crner Mrayta, Sampalc Manila 1001 PHILIPPINES Tel.: (632) 735 1533 Fax: (632) 735 1533 E-mail: abagult@yah.cm Dr Jy Mench Department f Animal Science One Shields Avenue University f Califrnia Davis, CA 95616 Prfessr University f Califrnia UNITED STATES Tel: (530) 7527125 Fax: (530) 7520175 E-mail: jamench@ucdavis.edu Dr Kerapetse Sehular Chief Veterinary Officer Department f Animal Health and Prductin, Divisn f Meat Hygiene and Quality Cntrl Ministry f Agriculture P.O. BOX 1159 Francistwn BOTSWANA Tel: (267) 12 58 440 E-mail: ksehular@lycs.cm Adpted Agenda 1. Welcme and intrductin Dr Jean Luc Angt 2. Cnfirmatin f Terms f Reference and cmments frm Chair f the ad hc Grup 3. Discussin f wrking dcuments and ther relevant dcuments prvided by the ad hc Grup Members 4. Develpment f draft text fr cnsideratin by the Terrestrial Animal Health Standards Cmmissin 5. Review and finalise reprt f meeting
Further infrmatin can be fund in the meeting reprt n the OIE website. < Members f AD HOC GROUP> The 76 th General Sessin The 76th General Sessin f the Internatinal Cmmittee was hld frm 25 t 30 May 2008, bringing tgether representatives f 172 OIE Member Cuntries, as well as bservers frm the internatinal rganisatins that have signed an fficial agreement with the OIE as well as ther internatinal and reginal rganisatins and invited guests. The General Sessin was hld at the "Maisn de la Chimie" frm Sunday 25 May t Thursday 29 May inclusive, and at the OIE Headquarters frm Friday 30 May The Internatinal Cmmittee establishes the plicies f the OIE and supervises their applicatin. This year, its main wrk cncerns: the adptin f internatinal standards regarding safety in wrld trade in animals and animal prducts; the fight against animal diseases and znses, and imprving the quality f Veterinary Services; electins t fill vacant psitins n certain Cmmissins.
Barbecue party (8 th May 2008) We had a very funny and gd time t express ur gdwill t ne anther.
Epilgue I have a particular interest in ways t imprve the envirnment fr farm animals fr which the cncept f welfare has been less well established than that fr pets in Krea. After examining internatinal standards fr animal welfare and the mre advanced animal welfare plicies f sme natins, I als want t enhance the natin's awareness f animal welfare by cmmunicating persuasive animal welfare infrmatin in Krea. I believed that the OIE internship was the best pprtunity t learn by experiencing glbal trends in the animal welfare- this prved t be s. I have experienced many things during my internship even thugh three mnths is nt enugh t learn abut new areas in any depth. I have been very impressed by OIE during my internship perid. Befre cming t OIE I expected that it wuld be fcused n the needs f develped cuntries rather than thse f develping cuntries. Hwever I have bserved that OIE makes a clear effrt t preserve the delicate balance between needs f bth develped and develping cuntries. While I was familiar with the OIE cde when I was wrking in Krea befre my internship, I nw have a real passin fr the cde because I have seen hw s many peple have dne their best t develp it. I wuld like t thank the fllwing individuals fr their help during my internship at OIE Internatinal Trade Department: Dr. Bernard Vllat, the OIE directr General, Dr. Sarsh Kahn, Dr. Gillian Mylrea, Dr.Yamat Atagi, Ms Claudia Camps, Ms Anne Guilln. In particular I really appreciate Dr. Lepld Stuard s help. He helped me frm the start t end f my internship. And lastly I wuld like t thank t my friend, Dr. Allice Mukakanamujre wh is als an OIE intern frm Rwanda. I have been energized by the experience f wrking at OIE and I will take that energy t Krea when I return t restart wrk as a veterinary fficial. I hpe OIE will witness psitive develpments in animal welfare in Krea the future.