John Buchan Middle School Science Test Revision 6A Interdependence and Adaptation 48 min 46 marks Name John Buchan Middle School 1
Level 4 1. Brine shrimps and flamingoes (a) A brine shrimp is a tiny living thing. It lives in lakes and eats algae (green plants). Brine shrimp Flamingoes eat brine shrimps. They filter the shrimps from the water. Look at the picture of the flamingo. Describe one feature of the flamingo s neck that helps the flamingo to feed.... (b) Write the food chain for the three living things described above. John Buchan Middle School 2
(c) The lakes dry up in hot weather and fill up again when it rains. When the lake is dry the adult brine shrimps die, but the eggs do not. Explain why it is important to the life cycle of brine shrimps that the eggs do not die when the lake dries up....... 2. Nature walk (a) Some children draw a food chain about living things they see in the garden. There is a mistake in their food chain. What is the mistake in their food chain? (b) The children correct their food chain. They make a table showing if each animal in the food chain is a predator, prey or both. Tick ONE box in each row of the table to show whether each animal in the food chain is a predator, prey or both. Animal Predator Prey Both caterpillar bird cat 2 marks John Buchan Middle School 3
(c) Which word best describes the function of the cabbage in the food chain? Tick ONE box. fertiliser consumer organism producer 4 (d) The children make a table about some other animals they found. Animal Where they found it Number of legs Number of wings mayfly near the pond 6 4 spider in the grass 8 0 female glow-worm in the grass 6 0 duck near the pond 2 2 They use their table to make a key. John Buchan Middle School 4
(i) (ii) Use the table above to help you write in the missing question on the key below. Write the name of each animal from the table in the correct box on the key below. One has been done for you. Question: Does it have six legs? Yes No Question: Does it have wings? Question:...... Yes No Yes No...... spider... 2 marks John Buchan Middle School 5
3. Brine shrimps (a) Joanne is watching 5 brine shrimps in a container. She has covered the container to make one half dark and one half light. How many brine shrimps were in the dark after 30 seconds?... (b) Amy and Rebecca planned to investigate whether brine shrimps prefer to swim in the light or the dark. Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Amy s Plan Put 1 shrimp in one dish. Watch the dish for 5 minutes. Record the amount of time the shrimp was in the light. Compare the amount of time the shrimp spent in the light with the time spent in the dark. Rebecca s Plan Put 10 shrimps in one dish. Watch the dish for 1 minute. Count how many shrimps were in the light every 10 seconds. Compare the number of shrimps seen in the light with the number out of sight in the dark. John Buchan Middle School 6
Look at Amy s plan. What measurements should Amy compare to decide whether shrimps prefer light or dark? (c) Look at Rebecca s plan. How did Rebecca work out how many brine shrimps were in the dark each time she looked? (d) Look at Amy s and Rebecca s plans. (i) Which do you think is the better science plan? Tick ONE box. Amy s Rebecca s (ii) Explain why.......... John Buchan Middle School 7
4. Butterfly garden (a) This diagram shows the life cycle of a red admiral butterfly. John wants to get rid of all the nettles in the school wildlife area. This will affect the red admiral butterfly. Give TWO different reasons why nettle plants are important in the life cycle of the red admiral butterfly. (i)... (ii)... (b) Some birds eat caterpillars. Use the diagram to help you complete the food chain below....... bird... 8 John Buchan Middle School 8
5. Vegetable Patch (a) Kami sees all of the things below while he is working in his vegetable patch. Tick FIVE boxes to show which of these things are living. 2 marks John Buchan Middle School 9
(b) Kami grows cabbages in his vegetable patch. Some of the cabbages are eaten by snails. Some of the snails are eaten by birds called thrushes. Write a food chain to show this information. Use arrows in your food chain.......... 2 marks (c) A cabbage has many leaves. Tick ONE box to show why leaves are important to a cabbage plant. The leaves... attract insects. collect pollen. anchor the plant in the ground. produce new material for growth. (d) Kami cuts a cabbage in half. The leaves on the outside of the cabbage are dark. The leaves on the inside are a pale yellow colour. Which statement best explains why the leaves on the inside are paler? Tick ONE box. The leaves on the inside of the cabbage get... less light. less water. more minerals. more air. John Buchan Middle School 10
6. Animals in their environment (a) Draw THREE lines to match each of these animals to the environment in which it lives. (b) Highland cows look different from other types of cow. Look at the pictures of the cows. How are Highland cows better protected against cold weather than Jersey cows? John Buchan Middle School 11
(c) These animals live in different environments. Complete the table below to describe ONE feature of a Polar Bear. Say how the feature helps the Polar Bear to live in its environment. Animal Lives in... One feature that helps the animal to live in How the feature helps its environment Monkey rainforest it has a tail to help it balance Polar Bear the Arctic it has............ John Buchan Middle School 12
Level 5 7. Periwinkles (a) Periwinkles are animals with shells that live on rocks at the seashore. Shell of periwinkle A Shell of periwinkle B The shell of periwinkle A is smaller than the shell of periwinkle B. Describe ONE other way the shell of periwinkle A is different from the shell of periwinkle B.... (b) Periwinkles do not have bones inside their bodies but they do have a shell. The shell does not help the periwinkle to move. Describe ONE function of the shell.... (c) A scientist wants to find out if the area the periwinkles live in affects the size of their shells. He measures a sample of 20 periwinkle shells from two different areas of the seashore. Why does he measures 20 periwinkle shells from each area instead of just one periwinkle?...... John Buchan Middle School 13
(d) Explain why it is important to return the animals to the same place they were collected from....... (e) The scientist measures how much water is in a rockpool. After five hours the water level in the rockpool is lower. No waves splashed into the rockpool during this time. No water could leak out. Rockpool Rockpool after 5 hours Describe what happened to the water in the rockpool during the five hours.... John Buchan Middle School 14
8. Edward Jenner (a) Edward Jenner was a doctor who lived a long time ago. Jenner noticed that people who suffered from a disease called cowpox did not catch smallpox. Smallpox is a disease that can kill people. Picture of Edward Jenner from Senior Biology (1991), King, R.J. and Sullivan, F.M. Pearson Education, Australia. What do we call it when someone notices something important like this? Tick ONE box. an observation an effect an investigation a measurement (b) Jenner carried out a test. He used cowpox to see if it could stop people catching smallpox. He carried out his test on several people. Why did Jenner carry out his test on several people instead of on just one person? John Buchan Middle School 15
(c) A micro-organism causes smallpox. Why do scientists wear masks and gloves when they work with micro-organisms? 7 (d) There are many types of micro-organism. Some can help to prevent or cure disease. Describe ONE different way in which micro-organisms can be helpful. (e) The diagrams below show how three different micro-organisms look under a microscope. A B C John Buchan Middle School 16
Use the key below to help you identify these micro-organisms. Write your answers under the key. Does it have a nucleus? yes no Does it have a tail? Is it covered in hairs? yes no yes no Euglena Amoeba Bacterium Blue-green algae A is... B is... C is... 2 marks 9. Woodland survey (a) Sam and Peter measure around the trunks of ten oak trees. They measure five trees growing close together and five trees growing in open space. The trees are all the same age. Here are their results. sizes of tree trunks close together (cm) sizes of tree trunks in open space (cm) 101 318 67 190 80 320 32 400 96 350 John Buchan Middle School 17
The range of measurements for tree trunks growing close together was 32 101 cm. What was the range of measurements for tree trunks growing in open space?... cm (b) Use the information in the tables. Compare the size of tree trunks growing close together with the size of tree trunks growing in open space. (c) Trees need light to help them grow. How do trees use light to help them grow? (d) Name TWO other things that trees need to take in to help them grow. Light and... and... 2 marks John Buchan Middle School 18
(e) Peter finds lots of fungi under a tree. Write true or false next to each sentence about fungi below. One has been done for you. Fungi are living things.... true Fungi can grow.... Fungi can reproduce.... 10. Hedgehogs John Buchan Middle School 19
(a) Look at the picture. Which part of the hedgehog s body helps stop foxes from eating it? (b) The bush makes food material in its leaves. The hedgehog s food includes slugs. The two sentences above describe the same life process. Which life process? Tick ONE box. growth movement excretion nutrition sensing none of these 8 John Buchan Middle School 20
(c) The hedgehog gives birth to young. This shows that it reproduces. Which of the following shows that the bush also reproduces? Tick ONE box. New leaves grow in spring. Leaf buds open in spring. Leaves fall in autumn. Seeds are dispersed in autumn. (d) This graph shows how the mass of a female hedgehog changes in one year. Graph showing change in mass of female hedgehog 900 800 Mass (g) 700 600 500 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Time (months) John Buchan Middle School 21
Look at the graph. It shows that the hedgehog lost weight when she hibernated (slept) through the winter. It also shows when she gave birth. In which month does the graph show that the hedgehog gave birth? John Buchan Middle School 22