Acarologia A quarterly journal of acarology, since 1959 Publishing on all aspects of the Acari All information: http://www1.montpellier.inra.fr/cbgp/acarologia/ acarologia@supagro.inra.fr Acarologia is proudly non-profit, with no page charges and free open access Please help us maintain this system by encouraging your institutes to subscribe to the print version of the journal and by sending us your high quality research on the Acari. Subscriptions: Year 2018 (Volume 58): 380 http://www1.montpellier.inra.fr/cbgp/acarologia/subscribe.php Previous volumes (2010-2016): 250 / year (4 issues) Acarologia, CBGP, CS 30016, 34988 MONTFERRIER-sur-LEZ Cedex, France The digitalization of Acarologia papers prior to 2000 was supported by Agropolis Fondation under the reference ID 1500-024 through the «Investissements d avenir» programme (Labex Agro: ANR-10-LABX-0001-01) Acarologia is under free license and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons-BY-NC-ND which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
STUDIES ON MESOSTIGMATID MITES PARASITIC ON MAMMALS AND BIRDS IN ]APAN. VH. ВАТ MITES OF ТНЕ GENUS PARAPERIGLISCHRUS RUDNICK, 1960, WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF ТНЕ MALES OF PARAPERIGLISCHRUS STERNALIS PETROVA AND TASKAEVA, 1975, AND PARAPERIGLISCHRUS HIPPOSIDEROS BAKER AND DELFINADO, 1964 ВУ Кiшitо UCНIKAWA * ABSTRACT The оссипепсе of Paraperiglischrus rhinolophinus (Koch, 1841), Paraperiglischrus sternalis Petrova et Taskaeva, 1975, and Paraperiglischrus hipposideros Baker et Delfinado, 1964, in Japan was recorded. The males of the latter two species and the nymph of the second species were described. Paraperiglischrus strandtma1~ni Baker et Delfinado, 1964, and Paraperiglischrus analis Рап et Teng, 1963, have Ьееп regarded as synonyms of Р. rhinolophinus (Koch) and Р. hipposideros Baker et Delfinado, respectively. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Paraperiglischrus rllinolophinus (Koch, 1841), ParaperigliscMus sternalis Petrova et Taskaeva, 1975 und Paraperiglischrus hipposideros Baker et Delfinado, 1964 wurden als parasitische Fledermausmilben аи J арап verzeichnet. Die Малпсhеп уоп den letzteren zwei Arten und die Deutonymphe уоп der zweiten Art wurden beschrieben. Paraperiglischrus strandtmanni Baker et Delfinado, 1963 und Рауаperiglischrus analis Рап et Teng, 1963 sind nacheinander als Synonym уоп Р. rhinolophinus (Koch) und Р. hipposideros Baker et Delfinado angesellen worden. After RUDNICK (1960) erected Paraperiglischrus as а шопоtурiс genus for Р. rhinolophinus (Koch, 1841), Р. hipposideros Baker et Del finado, 1974, Р. strandtmanni Baker et Delfinado, 1964, Р. analis Рап and Teng, 1973, and Р. stemalis Petrova et Taskaeva, 1975, have Ьееп successively described. The validity of the lately described species has not yet Ьееп checked. The author intends to evaluate these four species through the presentation of шаtегiаl fгош ]арап. Paraperiglischrus rhinolophinus (Koch, 1841) (Fig. 1) Paraperiglischrus rhinolophinus (Koch, 1841), Rudnick, 1960, Univ. Calf. Pttbl. Ent., 17 : 192. Paraperiglischrus strandtmanni Baker et Delfinado, 1964, Pacific Insects, 6 (4) : 587 (New Sупопушу). * Department о! Parasitology, Faculty о! Medicine, Shinshu Ппivеrsitу, Matsumoto, Nagano Prefecture 390, Japan. Aca1oZogia, t. ХХI, fasc. 1, 1979.
- lu - А,, -,,, - в 250,., FIG. 1. - Раrареriglisс!ъrus rblnolopltinus (Koc11), ~. А) роdоsошаl оrnашеl1tаtiоп and setae ; D) sternal shield. Paraperigliscltrus sternalis Petrova et Taskaeva. В) Роdоsошаl ornamentation and setae of female ; С) venter of fешаlе ; Е) venter of dеutопушрh. The mites of the genus Paraperiglischrus Rudtlick аг е armj:ei with very fragil sclerites difficu]t to Ье observed. The measurements and structure of the sternal shie]d аге thought to Ье reliable criteria for the separation of different kinds of mites. Ornamentations оп the podosomal region show considerable intraspecific variations in the form of each constituent sclerite, though а standard distributional pattern of sc]erites seems to Ье shared Ьу mites of the genus. АН the Rhi'nolophus bats distri buted i n J арап аге known to Ье infested with Р. rhinolophinus (Koch) (W ADA, 1977). The si ze of the idiosoma of specimens fгош various ] ocalities varied individually. The geographical and host-species dependent variations were, however, not detectable, and the variation in size was solely ascribed to the degree of the engorgement and gravidity. Accordingly, measurements for the specimens from several localities in J арап were put together and presented in Table 1 together with those for the Oriental and European specimens.
- 11 - т ABLE 1. - Measurements for Paraperiglischrus rhinolophinus (Koch) from several Rhinoloplzus bats (ranges in microns). }:'OJlltll C' ~p~c i('s ],Qca lity 11 Jdiosomal length width I_cg 1 11 III JV Peretreme + stigma stigma Male n Idiosomal length widtl1 Leg J 11 IJJ 'У РегНгете +" stigma stigma 13. rеггum ес]нiлulll ss,.,p. R. cornutus r~l'inolo~ht1 s 51'. l llli<!cnt ific(1 uat " ~. )r()si(i(\i '~ Japan Japan Japan l:3orneo Europe 20 20 10 1(1 2 54) - 760 560-640 540-620 525-620 560-570 295-435 320-370 320-380 280-350 330-340 280-325 270-290 260-290 270-285 290-295 220-250 200 '- 225 21 О - 225 205-230 235-240 21 0-225 190-220 185-210 "205-235 220-240 250-270 220-245 230-245 230-250 245-250 38-45 33-38 34-38 35-40 39-40 14 - '6 13-15 13-15 13-15 15-19 6 10 10 10 2 370-410 350-395 340-380 330-375 410-430 290-340 275-320 275-300 250-300 320-350 310~365 310-340 330-360 280-340. 365-380 230-250 21 0-240 220-280 225-210 260-270 235-250 210-240 230-250 220-240 265-270 270-292 240-280 260-290 250-275 315-330 40 _ 47 35-45 33-38 38-45 43-45 13-15 13-14 13-15 12-15 15-15 ctll"vale Europ" 570-630 320-360 260-280 205-220 190-230 220-260 35-38 15-15 360-390 300-310 315-340 230-230 205-240 260-280 37-42 13-15.Idiosomal width \уа" measured а! the level ос stigmata in the female, and at the level between legs 11 and 111 in the male. European spec imens \vere Curnished with Ьу Dr. F. Dusbabek, Czechoslovakia. The ranges of the measurements for mites from the 3 ]apanese bats did not deviate from those for Воrnеап and European specimens. The largest :figures usually obtained оп the spe Clmens from R. ferrumequinum, but the range of each measurement overlapped as shown in the table. Material examined. Six ~~ and 4 deutonymphs, Akashina, Nagano Pref., 4.Ix.1974; 1 ~, 7 ~~ and 1 delltonymph, Okaya, Nagano Pref., 22.ХII.1973 ; 1 ~, Kumamoto, Kumamoto Pref., 30.III.1972 ; 1 ~, 1 ~, Aida, N agano Pref., 5.XI.1976 ; 1 ~ and 1 deutonymph, Shimаshimа-dапi, Nаgапо Pref., 5.ХII. 1976. The hosts of these mites were Rhinolophus ferrumequinum sspp. Опе ~, 3 ~~, Otari, Nаgапо Pref., 20.х.1974, апd 26.Х.1975 ; 5 ~~, 20 ~~ and 1 dе utопуmрh, Shimаshimа-dапi, Nаgапо Pref., 5.ХII.1976, 25.III.1977, апd 20.Iv.1977; 1 ~, 1 ~ and 1 deutопуmрh, Nаgапо, Nаgапо Pref., 29.III.1968; 2 ~~, Kashiwazaki, Niigata Pref., 7.УIII.1976; 3 ~~ апd 1 dеutопуmрh, Tsusl1ima, Nagasaki Ргеf., 14-11.VI.1959 ; 1 ~, 1 ~, Shiiba, Miyazaki Pref., 9.Iv.1972; 3 ~~, 1 ~ апd 1 deutonymph, Тоkuпо-shimа, Kagosl1ima Pref., 26.ХIII.1975. These sресimепs were tаkеп from Rhinolophus cornutus Теmmiпсk. Twelve ~~, 27 ~ ~ and 12 dеutопуmрhs ех Rhinolophus sp., I6omote, Оkiпаwа Pref., 19.IV.1974. The other records were already ргеsепtеd iп UCНIKAWA (1976). Remarks. As RUDNICK (1960) summarized iп his dеsсгiрtiоп, Paraperiglischrus rhinolophinus (Koch) has гергеsепtеd the 12 sупопуmоus species thus far паmеd for sресimепs from various host bats. Of the four Paraperiglischrus species that were described after RUDNICK'S геvisiоп
12 - (1960), Р. strandtmanni Baker et Delfinado, 1964, is quite similar to Р. rhinolophinus. The podosomal ornamentation of Р. strandtmanni in the original description (Baker and Delfinado, 1964, figs. 43 and 45) is distinctly different from that for the other mites of the genus Рауареriglischrus in having only 2, instead of 3, antero-median sclerites. The present author found that ан Ihe type specimens of Р. strandtmanni were not deposited in the designated collection (U. S. Nat. Mus.), and that the specimens might Ье lost. Thus, the rather strange formation of the podosomal ornamentation in the original description could Ье verified по more. Each component sclerite is very weak and difficult to Ье observed, and it is presumed that the drawings in the origina] description of Р. strandtmanni are misleading. АН the other structures well accord with those of Р. rhinolophinus and the idiosomal size falls in the range of Р. rhinolophinus. Moreover, the type host of Р. strandtmanni was Rhinolophus sp. from Korea, where on]y R. ferrumequinum has so far been know to occur. Accordingly, Р. strandtmanni is synonymized vvith Р. rhinolophinus, though PRASAD (1969), TAKADA (1975), PETROVA et TAS KAEVA (1975) IecoIded the mite as а valid species. Paraperiglischrus stemalis Petrova et Taskaeva, 1975 (Figs. 1-2) Paraperiglischrus sternalis PetIova et Taskaeva, 1975, ВуиН. Most. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Bio]., 80 : 59. This species was based оп а single female specimen, the holotype, taken fiom R. ferrumequirum in China. In J арап, the 4 females quite identical with the desciiption of the above mite were found оп R. ferrumequinum. One each of the partner male and deutonymph were also taken together with the females. As these specimens occurгed concomitantly оп some individuals of R. ferrumequinum with Р. rhinolophinus, the present author, at first, thought that this form might Ье а heteromorph of Р. rhinolophinus from the same reason presented Ьу DOMROW (1972) for the sympatric forms of Spinturnix psi (Kolenati) and Spinturnix loricata Domrow in Austra1ia, that is, there is по pioof of such different forms being isolated sexua]]y. The author reconsidered that any acarologist would reduce the present form to а heteromorph of R. rhinolophinus, if he would obtain sufficient informations. It тау Ье adequate to adopt the пате Р. sternalis, for the form at present with least know]edge of its bio]ogy. Basing оп the Japanese specimens, that ~Tere identified as Р. stemalis in the above way, the redescription of the female and descriptions of the тзjе and deutonymph аге presented below. Female (Fig. 1). Measurements аге based оп the 4 specimens : Idiosoma 830-850!.l. long Ьу 475-490!.I. wide; legs I-IV 340-362, 270-282, 245-270 and 290-300!.I. long, respectively. Four pairs of setae оп podosomal region minute but conspicuous, 15-21!.I. long. Ornamentation оп podosomal region as in Fig. 1В. Sternal shield probably membranous, but exact outline not disceгnible; 3 pairs of sternal setae minute; а cap-like rather strong sclerite present anteriorly and more weakly chitinized sclerite with first pair of sternal setae and 2 pairs of pores present interiad from second and third sternal setae. А pair each of large brownish sc]erites, anteroanal and metapoda] sclerites present ventrally оп 3 specimens (Fig. 1С), but ан these sclerites lacking оп 1 specimen.
-13- м аге (Fig. 2). Оп1у а sing1e specimen was avai1able. 1diosoma 430 f1. 10ng Ьу 405 f1. wide ; 1egs 1-1Y 430, 310, 310 and 350 f1. 10ng, respective1y. Four pairs of propodosomal setae prominent, 3~-45 f1. 10ng. А pair of conspicuous setae present proxima1 to stigmata, and 2 pairs of cauda1 setae well deve10ped (Fig. 2А). Each соmponent sclerite of ornamentation \vell deve10ped as in Fig. 2А. Pores distributed dorsally as in Fig. 2А, and minute setae discernible in some of them. Anterior part of sternal shie1d well cllitinized, but its posterior part that inc1udes only first pair of sterna1 setae very weakly deve- 10ped. А paij of sc1erites present ventrally (Fig. 2В). Deutonymph (Fig. 1D). Оп1у а sing]e specimen was available. 1diosoma 470 f1. 10ng Ьу 390 f1. wide at 1evel between ]egs Н and H1. Four pairs of setae оп podosomal integument ргоminent, 25-35 f1. long. Peritreme 65 (1. long. Sterna] shie1d discernible оп1у оп central part ; adanal and paranal sclerites present. Posterior margin of соха 1Y formed irregulary. Maten:al examined. Three ~~, 1 d' and 1 deutonymph, Akashina, Nagano Pref., 4.Ix.1974; 1 ~, Okaya, N agano Pref., 22.ХII.1973. These specimens were taken together \vith larger пиm Ьег of specimens of Р. rhinolophinus from R. ferruтequinum rnikado Ognev. The male specimen was designated as the allotype, and is deposited in the collection of the author vvith ан the female and deutonymph specimens. Paraperiglischrus Jzipposideros Baker et Delfinado, 1974 (Figs. 3-4) Paraperiglischrus hipposideros Baker et De1finado, 1964, Pacific 1nsects, 6 (4) : 589. Paraperiglischrus analis Рап et Teng, 1973, Acta Ent. Sinica, 16 : 83 (New Synonymy). Paraperiglischrus lzipposideros Baker et De]finado, 1964, апd Paraperiglischrus analis Рап et Teng, 1973, аге the mites that have Ьееп reported as the parasite of bats of the genus Hipposideros distributed in the Oriental region. Through the examination of the mites of the genus Paraperiglischrus parasitic оп Н ipposideros bats from J арап, Воrnео and Thai1and, the present author arгived at а conc1usion that а11 the mi.tes were сопзресifiс and iclentica1 w.ith Р. analis, а parasite of Hipposideros pratti pratti jn Fukien, СЫпа. This led the author to think that the Paraperiglischrus mite was specific not to bat species but to the bat genus. Thus, the va1idity of Р. analis and Р. hipposideros should Ье checked thoroughly. The present author оп се examined the ho10type of Р. hipposideros which was in а bad сопdition as already noted in the origina] description Ьу Baker et De]finado (1964). The specimen W <ls very small in size, and the sterna] shield was not discernibje оп it, though it cannot Ье possi.ble for апу spinturnicid mite to 1ack the sllie1d. Had Р hipposideros been eva1uated with оп1у the ho10type, it vvoujd have Ьееп Ieduced to а species inquirenda,vith its impertinent type. Recently, the author had а chance to examine а11 the 12 paratype females of Р. hipposidfros deposited in the collection of Bishop Museum, Нопо1и1и, Hawaii. It was verified that traces of the sterna1 shiejd were really p ~-esent оп the 4 paratypes, and that the size of the paratypes was larger than that of the ho10type. There we ~-e a1so the spe:imens identified as Р. hippos1: deros Ьу Dr. PRASAD in the з.ьоvе collection. A1though PRASAD (1969), ртоьаыу basing оп the observation of these specimens, mentioned that the sterna1 shield 1acked in Р. hipposideros, his specimens a]so possessed traces of the shie1d. According1y, the definition of Р. hipposideros Ьу BAKER et DELFINADO (1964) and PRASAD (1969) should Ье amended as follows : Р. hippos1: deros is а rather 1arge mite with the sterna1 shield Acarologia, t. XXI, fasc. I, I979. 2
А FIG. 2. - Paraperigliscl1ru. o sternalis Petrova et Taskacva, 3. А) dоj"sllш; В) vcnter. в А 'i' ~~и ~. O/j о "'.0 о ~ ~4 C:>Q 0 0 о' о D SOp в ер о о о о ~ ~ о f' FIG. з. - Paraperigliscl1rus hipposideros Baker et Delfinado, <j? А) dorsum; В) sternal shield ; С) epigynial shield ; D) anal shield ; Е) tarsus 1 of Japanese specimen ; F) tarsus 1 of the holotype.
15 --- On the other hand, PAN et TENG (1973) described P. analis based on probably a single female specimen, the holotype. Their mite was 936 fl long by 608.4 fl wide, and had the sternal shield. They considered that a strange formation of the anal shield and the setation of tarsus I, which was different from that of P. hipposideros depicted in fig. 49 by BAKER et DELFINADO (1964), were characteristic of P. analis. However, the outline of the anal shield is easily changed on mounting specimens, and the station of tarsus lis alike on Paraperiglischrus spp. Such the characteristics as those adopted by PAN et TENG (1974) should not be used for differentiating species of the genus Paraperiglischrus. Basing on the above observation and consideration, the present author was ;nclined to synonymize P. anal is Pan et Teng with P. hipposideros Baker et Delfinado. As the previous authors dealt only with the female of P. hipposideros, and the partially impertinent definition of the mite is available, the supplemental description of the female and description of the mlle are presented bdow. TABLE 2. -- Measurements for I'araperiglischrus Ilipposideros Baker 8: Delfinado from Japane"e and Thai Hipposideros hats (ranges in 1llicrons). Female Species Hipposideros turpi~i I,.ocality IriofTlote,,Japan n 10 Idiosomal length B60-950 width 520 - '5<)0 l.eg I 410-445 [[ 320-370 [[[ 312-335 IV 340-370 Peritreme + stigma 53-60 stigma 18-23 Hipposideros spp. Thailand 850-980 530-620 425-440 350-350 310-330 345-365 55-60 20-23 Male n Idiosoma! length 460-520 width 440-300 Leg I 430-440 IT 325-345 III 290-350 IV 342-365 Peritreme + stigma 50-55 stigma 18-20 420-475 420-460 420-420 305-320 285-320 340-350 53-53 18-20 Tdiosomal width was measured at the level of stigmata in the female, and at the level between legs IT anct III in the male. Female (Fig. 3). Measurements as presented in Table 2, larger than those for P. rhinolophinus (Table 1). Ornamentation on podosomal region as in Fig. 3A. Four pairs of dorsal podosomal setae minute, less than 8 fl. Sternal shield weak, irregulary shaped, bearing 2 pairs of pores and apart interiorly from 3 pairs of sternal setae (Fig. 3B). Epigynial shield as in Fig. 2e ; valvular structure in fig. 48 by BAKER et DELFINADO (1964) not surface structure. Anal shield normal, but differently discernible according to status of mounted specimens (Fig. 3D). Setation on tarsus I as in Fig. 3E and F. Other structures as in BAKER et DELFINADO (1964) and PAN et TENG (1973).
-16- FIG. 4. - Paraperigliscllrus lzipposideros Baker Delfi.nado, (1. А) dorsu111; В) venter.
- 17- Male (Fig. 4). Measurements as in Table 2. Ornamentation оп dorsum essentialjy as in female (Fig.4A). Four pairs of antero-marginal setae minute; longest setae less than 8 fl (cf. 15 fl оп Р. rhinolophinus male). Sternal shield waned posterioly, bearing onjy first pair of sternal setae and 2 pairs of pores (Fig. 4В). Material examined. Three 6'6', 14 ~~ and 3 deutonymphs, ех Hipposideros turpis Bangs, Ishigaki, Okinawa Pref., 3.х.1971 (сон. Ьу Dr. К. Ando) ; 2 6'6' from the same host, Iriomote, Okinawa Pref., 25.XI.1977 (сон. Ьу Dr. К. Ando). The six specimens from Thailand and 1 specimen from Воrnео (сон. Ьу Dr. Т. KOBAYASНI) were also examined. One male specimen was designated as the allotype and is deposited in the collection of the National Science Museum, Tokyo (NSMT-Ac 9275). ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The author was supported in collecting the material Ьу the fohowing persons : Dr. У. YANAGIDAIRA, Sllinshu University, Matsumoto, Dr. М. YOSНlYUКI, National Science Museum, Tokyo, Drs. Т. КОБА YASНl and М. MATSUI, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Dr. К ANDO, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, and Dr. Т. IRIE, Kumamoto Education Center, Kumamoto. Dr. Е. W. BAKER, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, USDA, Beltsville, and Dr. J. TENORIO, Bishop Museum, generously showed the author valuable specimens of Paraperiglischrus mites in their collections. Dr. F. DUSБАБЕК, Czechoslovak Academy of Science, Ргаgпе, presented the author pertinent suggestions throughout tlle present study. The author is pleased to acknowledge the important contributions of ан the above persons. REFERENCES BAKER (Е. W.) & DELFINADO (М. D.), 1964. - Spinturnicidae of south east Asia and the Pacific regioll. - Pacific Ins., 6 : 571-591. DOMROW (R.), 1972. - Acari Spillturnicidae from Australia alld New Guillea. - Acarologia, 13 : 552-584. PAN (2.) & TENG (К), 1973. - А synopsis of the Chinese spinturllicid mites with descriptiol1s of two new species (Acaril1a : Spil1turnicidae). - Acta El1t. Sinica, 16 : 82-88 (il1 Chil1ese witll El1g1isll summary). PETROVA (А. D.) & TASKAEVA (Е. 2.), 1975. - Gamazoid mites parasites of bats from the south-western part of the Chinese People's Republic (Mesostigmata : Spinturnicidae, Macronyssidae). - Вуиll. Mosk. Obshch. Isp. PriI., Otd. Biol., 80 : 58-64 (in Russian witll English summary). PRASAD (У.), 1969. - Bat mites (Acarina : Spinturnicidae) mai111y from south-east Asia al1d tlle Pacific regiol1. - Acarologia, 11 : 657-677. R UDNICK (А.), 1960. - А revision of the mites of the family Spinturnicidae. - Univ. Calif. РиЫ. El1t., 17 : 167-283. TAKADA (N.), 1975. - Acari infesting bats in Tohoku district, Japan. - Рroс. Jap. Soc. Acarology, 2 : 11 (in J apanese). WADA (У.), 1977. - Record of mites and ticks parasitic оп bats in Japan. - Contributions to Асагоlogy il1 Japal1 (Ed. SASA (М.) & AOКI (п), 405-414 (in Japanese), 2ukan-no-Hokuryukan, Tokyo. Рауu еn janvier 1980.