2008 221 20 3 14 20 8 1 2001 1 2005 12 5 levofloxacin (LVFX) 5 811 125 27 LVFX (MIC: 4 mg/ml) LVFX LVFX Key words: Levofloxacin Escherichia coli 1) 2 5) 6) ( 203 0036) 2 1 2 TEL: 042 338 5111 2254 FAX: 042 338 6111 E-mail: ogura@tamanan-hp.com LVFX levofloxacin (LVFX) LVFX Vol. 18 No. 4 2008. 1
222 1. 2001 1 2005 12 5 5 811 125 10 5 cfu/ml 2. MicroScan Walk/Away, NC5J DADE ampicillin (ABPC), piperacillin (PIPC), cefazolin (CEZ), cefotiam (CTM), cefotaxime (CTX), ceftazidime (CAZ), cefmetazole (CMZ), cefaclor (CCL), flomoxef (FMOX), sulbactam/cefoperazone (SBT/CPZ), cefpirome (CPR), gentamicin (GM), amikacin (AMK), imipenem/ cilastatin (IPM/CS), minocycline (MINO), sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim ST fosfomycin (FOM), levofloxacin (LVFX) 18 LVFX (BP) CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute) 7) 2 mg/ml 4 mg/ml / CLSI E. coli ATCC 25922 CLSI I R PIPC ABPC ABPC CTM, CMZ, FMOX R 1 CTM LVFX, ABPC, CEZ, CTM, MINO, GM, ST, FOM 8 3. 125 120 LVFX 26 LVFX 94 LVFX 2 (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) LVFX 1. levofloxacin 2 Vol. 18 No. 4 2008.
223 2. 1. 5 811 125 (13.4 ) 1 LVFX 2001 102 16 (15.7 ) 2002 165 28 (16.5 ) 2003 161 28 (17.4 ) 2004 219 34 (15.5 ) 2005 164 19 (11.6 ) 125 5 12 17 LVFX 27 (21.6 ) 2001 1 (6.3 ) 2002 6 (21.4 ) 2003 5 (17.9 ) 2004 8 (23.5 ) 2005 7 (36.8 ) 2. MicroScan Walk/Away 18 2 ABPC, PIPC, GM, MINO, ST LVFX FOM 7 CTX, CAZ, CCL, SBT/CPZ, CPR, AMK, IPM/CS 7 5 1 1. Levofloxacin ( ) LVFX LVFX, ABPC, CEZ, CTM, MINO, ST, FOM 2( 7.4) LVFX, ABPC, CEZ, GM, MINO, ST 2( 7.4) LVFX, ABPC, GM, MINO, ST 5( 18.5) LVFX, ABPC, MINO, ST, FOM 2( 7.4) LVFX, ABPC, GM, ST 5( 18.5) LVFX, ABPC, ST 6( 22.2) LVFX, MINO, ST 3( 11.1) LVFX, GM 1( 3.7) LVFX 1( 3.7) Subtotal 27(100.0) ABPC PIPC CTM CMZ FMOX 1 LVFX (n 27) LVFX ABPC ST 3 6 (22.2 ) LVFX ABPC GM ST 4 5 (18.5 ) MINO 5 5 (18.5 ) LVFX 1 3. LVFX i) ii) iii) iv) Vol. 18 No. 4 2008. 3
224 2. LVFX LVFX (n 94) LVFX (n 26) p Odds 95 65 85 64 21 64 35 30 5 81 63 18 39 31 8 40 26 14 80 68 12 0.2079 1.9688 0.6697 5.7874 0.8314 1.1071 0.4295 2.8538 0.0122 3.0513 1.2370 7.5265 21 8 13 0.0000 10.7500 3.6979 31.2506 99 86 13 14 9 5 106 85 21 0.3114 2.2487 0.6738 7.5047 : p 0.05 : p 0.001 LVFX LVFX 2 68.0 69.3 65 64 (p 0.2079) (p 0.8314) p 0.0122 LVFX Odds 3.0513 3 50 8 (8.5 ) p 0.0000 Odds 10.7500 LVFX 11 b- 14 LVFX (p 0.3114) 2001 2005 5 LVFX LVFX LVFX 2) 1996 2.5 2.8 1998 3.3 4.7 2000 8.1 9.5 2002 11.8 12.6 6 6 1998 3) 7.7 2000 4) 7.9 2002 5) 14.2 2002 10 8) 2002 15 LVFX 4 Vol. 18 No. 4 2008.
225 9) 1 2 5 14 CPFX LVFX 5.5 5.1 10) LVFX 2000 LVFX ABPC LVFX LVFX Odds 3 10 LVFX CTX ESBL ESBL 11) 1) 2002. p. 76 82 2) Yamaguchi, K., A. Ohno, 2005. Investigation of the susceptibility trends in Japan to fluoroquinolons and other antimicrobial agents in a nationwide collection of clinicates: A longitudinal analysis from 1994 to 2002. Diagn. Microbial. Infect. Dis. 52 135 143. 3) 2000. 2. 1998 48: 610 632. 4) 2003. 2000 51: 209 232. 5) 2006. 2002 54: 355 377. 6) Mazzariol, A., Y. Tokue, T. M. Kanegawa, et al. 2000. High-level fluoroquinoline-resistant clinical isolates of Escherichia coli overproduce multidrug e%ux protein AcrA. Antimicrob. Agents and Chemother. 44: 3441 3443. 7) Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. 2005. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing: 15th informational supplement CLSI/NCCLS M100 S15. Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute, Wayne, Pa, USA. 8) 2003. 2002 51: 638 646. 9) Kahlmeter, G. 2003. An international survey of the antimicrobial susceptibility of pathogens from uncomplicated urinary tract infection: ECO SENS Project. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 51: 69 76. 10) Zhanel, G., T. Hisanaga, N. Laing, et al. 2006. Antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli outpatient urinary isolates: Final results from the North American Urinary Tract Infection Collaboretive Alliance (NAUTICA). Int. J. of Antimicrob. Agents 27: 468 475. 11) 2002. 64: 295 301. Vol. 18 No. 4 2008. 5
226 The Analysis of Levofloxacin-resistant Esherichia coli Isolated from the Patients of Urinary Tract Infections and Their Background Factors Ken-ichi Ogura, Fuyuhiko Saito, Akira Turuoka, Ikuo Saito Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tama-Nambu Chiiki Hospital The objective of this study is to investigate the prevalence of levofluxacin (LVFX) resistant Escherichia coli, its drug-resistance pattern, and the background factors on resistant bacteria isolation for Escherichia coli isolated from urine specimens of the patients visited outpatient department of Urology, Tama-Nanbu Chiiki Hospital for 5 years from January 2001 to December 2005. As the regional medical support hospital for 5 cities in Tama region, this hospital is the secondary medical institute and mainly accepts referral patients by registered physicians. 125 strains of Escherichia coli out of total 811 testing specimens were isolated and 27 strains among them were found to be LVFX-resistant (MIC: 4 mg/ml) It was shown that resistant bacteria were gradually increased year by year and LVFX resistant bacteria, even in the community, were also increasing. The analysis of patients background factors statistically clarified that the patients with chronic diseases and the history of prior administration of quinolone drug had the tendency to be easily a#ected urinary tract infection due to LVFX resistant Escherichia coli. In conclusion, the microbiology laboratory at a general hospital assuming medical treatment for the specific region should always grasp the trend of bacterial resistance of oral antibiotics frequently used at the primary medical institute and give feedback those results as the infectious information. At the same time, we feel obligated to monitor and control the isolation status of resistant strains in the whole region. 6 Vol. 18 No. 4 2008.