George Perry, South Dkot Stte University 11/2/17 Influence of Modified Live Vccines on Reproductive Performnce in Beef Cttle George A. Perry, Russell F. Dly, nd Christopher C. Chse Deprtment of Animl Science Veterinry nd Biomedicl Sciences Deprtment EQUATION OF REPRODUCTION 1. Animls detected in het nd inseminted (%). 2. Insemintor efficiency (%). 3. Fertility level of the herd (%). 4. Semen fertility level (%). % x 5% x % x 5% = 73% % x 5% x 7% x 5% = 57% Infectious Reproductive Diseses Bovine Virl Dirrhe (BVD) Infectious Bovine Rhinotrcheitis (IBR) Trichomonisis Leptospirosis Viriosis Neospor!Fetl infeceon!pregnncy loss!ovrin dysfunceon!estrus cycle dysfunceon BVD = Bovine Virl Dirrhe fmily of viruses, mny different strins Reproductive symptoms: Dependent on dm s stge of gesttion when infected: Erly emryonic deth; low conception rtes Persistently infected clves Birth defects, stunted clves Congenitlly infected clves Infectious Bovine Rhinotrcheitis: Red Nose, IBR Agent = herpesvirus; my ly ltent within the niml Symptoms Lte term (5th-th month) ortion Also cuses respirtory symptoms, oculr symptoms, vginitis Vccintion for IBR nd BVD reproductive infections Comined with Virio + Lepto 3 dys prior to reeding Modified Live Vccines dogm Better cell-medited immunity (virl infections) Booster requirements more flexile Live virus hndling nd sfety Killed Vccines dogm Better ntiody-medited immunity (cteril infections) Need more frequent oosters Sfer 217 RBCS, Cheyenne, Wyo. 1
George Perry, South Dkot Stte University 11/2/17 Adverse Effects of MLV IBR on Reproduction Nïve Animls 1. Live IBR injected into 8 heifers d. 1 fter estrus Ovrin necrosis in 7 (VnderMten & Miller, 185) 2. MLV IBR vccine IV into 8 heifers d. 1 fter estrus CL nd ovrin necrosis in 8 (VnderMten, et l, 185) 3. MLV IBR vccine IV into 18 heifers d. 4 fter 2 nd F CL nd ovrin necrosis, inflmmtion in 14 (Smith, et l, 1) 4. MLV IBR vccine IV or control - into 1 heifers dy of 2 nd F (Ching, et l, 1) Vccinted heifers 3/1 clved, heifers / clved Adverse Effects of MLV IBR on Reproduction Nïve Animls 5. MLV IBR vccine in 8 heifers d. 14 fter reeding Infertility, emryonic deth, return to estrus in 4 (Miller et l, 18) 6. MLV or Killed IBR vccine in 5 heifers d. 1 of co-synch CIDR fixed time progrm (Perry et l, 213) MLV vccine: 8/21 norml cycles; 1/21 clved Killed vccine: 3/28 norml cycles; 25/28 clved Anorml Cycles; % 4 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 Percent norml cycles vs P <.3 Two dose Virshield Perry et l., 213 Therio 7:2-25 One dose Virshield Progesterone (ng,ml) 18 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 Anorml Progesterone VirShield 2x VirShield 1x 1x 37 38 3 4 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 4 5 51 52 Perry et l., 213 Therio 7:2-25 Dy Pregnncy Success; % Nïve heifer - Pregnncy Rtes () 1 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Two dose Virshield Perry et l., 213 Therio 7:2-25 vs P <.1; * vs P =.78 * One dose Virshield Pregnncy Success; % 1 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Second Service conception One Dose Virshield Two dose Virshield Bovishield Perry et l., 213 Therio 7:2-25 217 RBCS, Cheyenne, Wyo. 2
George Perry, South Dkot Stte University 11/2/17 d25 d 28 VccinEon Wht does this tell us out the virus nd the ovry? CIDR d34 Estrus d36 d37 Second Service ~d47 to 52 Effects on ovry extend pst 1 estrus cycle Don t use Modified Live vccines t reeding or synchroniz8on in nevervccinted heifers! 1 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 MLV in well vccinted cows Animls (n = 7) vccinted three Emes prior to reeding (Vist 5) Second dose d prior to pek reeding dy Third dose either 4 d or 3 d prior to pek reeding Overll through dy 45 ConcepEon rtes 1st service Dy 4 Dy 3 Bolton et l., 27 Vet Therp 8:177-182 2nd service 1 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Overll Dys to ConcepEon Dy 4 1st + 2nd service Dy3 MLV in well vccinted cows Heifers (n = 25) were vccinted with MLV (CEVAX-8) vccine either 3 d or d prior to the strt of the reeding progrm. 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% % Stormshk et l., 17 Therio 47:7-11 Estrus expression Pregnnt Breeding Seson Pregnnt Dy 3 Dy Breeding seson Pregnncy Rte, % 1 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Wlz et l., 15 Therio 83:822-831 MLV vs Inctivted 2 % difference 4 nd 1 d prereeding 61 nd 31 d prereeding MLV (Express FP 5-VL5) 15 % difference n = 2 1 2 1 IVV (Citdel VL5) MLV (2x) vs Breeding Seson Pregnncy Rte, % 1 8 6 4 2 Wlz et l., 217 Vccine 35:146-154 MLV ( Gold FP5) 2 % difference n = 6 15 Sline 217 RBCS, Cheyenne, Wyo. 3
George Perry, South Dkot Stte University 11/2/17 Multi-herd Study: Design! Study the effect of vccineon on reproduceon in well-vccinted nimls detect <1% difference in pregnncy success! 1436 cows/heifers herds over 2 yers! Blocked y ge nd previous clving dte within ech herd! All femles previously vccinted prior to ech reeding seson! 134 nimls with clving dt (132 sold prior to clving for non-repro resons) Multi-herd Study: Design! 3 tretments! MLV IBR-BVD-PI3-BRSV + virio lepto! Killed IBR-BVD-PI3-BRSV + virio lepto! Sline! Vccinted ccording to lel direceons (3 d. or 3 + 6 d. pre-reeding) Perry et l., 213 Jcos J Vet Sci Res 2:35-41 Perry et l., 213 Jcos J Vet Sci Res 2:35-41 Bovi-Shield Gold FP5L5HB (MLV) Vccintion -6 Vccintion -3 Vir Shield 6 L5 HB (Killed) Vccintion -3 (Sline) Sline Sline cows 6 to 66 hours; heifers 52 to 56 hours tretment dy 7 tretment dy 7 cows 6 to 66 hours; heifers 52 to 56 hours cows 6 to 66 hours; heifers 52 to 56 hours -6-3 tretment dy 7 Perry et l., 213 Jcos J Vet Sci Res 2:35-41 Pregnncy Rte, % 1% % 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% % Pregnncy Success Heifers Hiefers 8 -dpp 1 -dpp 12 -dpp c Perry et l., 213 Jcos J Vet Sci Res 2:35-41 c c c c 56 dy Breeding seson Pregnncy Rte, % 1% % 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% % Pregnncy Success Sline VirShield P =.55 Perry et l., 213 Jcos J Vet Sci Res 2:35-41 P <.1 P =.1 56 dy Breeding seson Clving Rte, % Clving y Group (n=134) 7% *P =. 6% * Sline * 5% VirShield 4% P >.15 3% P >.41 2% 1% % 1 to 12 13 to 3 31 + Dy of the Clving Perry et l., 213 Jcos J Vet Sci Res 2:35-41 217 RBCS, Cheyenne, Wyo. 4
George Perry, South Dkot Stte University 11/2/17 Multi-herd Study: Summry conception rtes numericlly etter in KV cows vs. MLV cows (p=.55) Sline group intermedite 56-dy conception rtes sttisticlly etter in KV nd sline cows vs. MLV cows (p<.1) Breeding seson pregnncy success sttisticlly etter in KV cows vs. MLV cows (p<.1) Which vccine group hs the est protection ginst IBR nd BVD? A. Modified Live vccine pre-reeding B. Killed vccine pre-reeding A = MLV ( Gold FP5) n=3 B = CA/IV (ClleMster Gold FP5) n=3 C = Sline n=15 Wlz et l., 217 Vccine 35:146-154 Inctivted vs MLV preventing ortion AorEon Rte; % 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% % ClleMster Gold FP5 Bovishield Gold FP 5 Ojective To evlute whether MLV vccine dministered prereeding would hve negtive impcts on conception rtes compred to comined chemiclly ltered/ inctivted BHV-1/BVD vccine (CA/IV) in field conditions. Wlz et l., 217 Vccine 35:146-154 217 RBCS, Cheyenne, Wyo. 5
George Perry, South Dkot Stte University 11/2/17 Experimentl Design 1 herds 1565 nimls Blocked y ge nd clving dte within ech herd 2 tretments MLV or Comined chemiclly ltered/inctivted BHV-1/BVD vccine (CA/IV) Pregnncy success nd fetl ge were determined etween d 34 nd 86 fter, nd >3 d fter the reeding seson y trnsrectl ultrsonogrphy. Bovi-Shield Gold FP5 Vccintion -8 to -27 Vccintion -8 to -27 CJleMster Gold FP5 cows 6 to 66 hours; heifers 52 to 56 hours tretment dy 7 cows 6 to 66 hours; heifers 52 to 56 hours tretment dy 7 All heifers hd received second vccineon 27 dy or more efore the strt of the protocol Pregnncy Success; % Influence of Dys Postprtum on Pregnncy Success 1% 8% 6% 4% 2% % Heifers 6 8 1 12 c Breeding Seson Influence of Tretment on Pregnncy Success Pregnncy Success; % P =.5 8% P =.5 7% 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% % Breeding Seson ClleMster ConcepEon rte, % Influence of Vccintion Intervl on Pregnncy Success 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 27 to 3 31 to 37 46 to 8 ClleMster 1 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 MLV in well vccinted cows Animls vccinted three Emes prior to reeding second dose d prior to pek reeding dy third dose either 4 d or 3 d prior to pek reeding Overll through dy 45 ConcepEon rtes 1st service Dy 4 Dy 3 Bolton et l., 27 Vet Therp 8:177-182 2nd service 1 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Dys to ConcepEon Overll Dy 4 Dy3 1st + 2nd service 217 RBCS, Cheyenne, Wyo. 6
George Perry, South Dkot Stte University 11/2/17 MLV in well vccinted cows Heifers were vccinted with MLV vccine either 3 d or d prior to the strt of the reeding progrm. 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% ConcepEon rte, % Influence of Vccintion Intervl on Pregnncy Success 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 % Estrus expression Pregnnt Breeding Seson Pregnnt Dy 3 Dy Stormshk et l., 17 Therio 47:7-11 27 to 3 31 to 37 46 to 8 ClleMster CJle: 42 dys from prentrl to preovultory size dys from c8v8on to preovultory MLV in Well Vccinted Diry Cows Vccinted 45 dys prior to 7% 6% ConcepEon Rte, % 5% 4% 3% 2% 43.6% 47% 1% % MLV (Express FP1) KV (Tringle 1) Wlz et l., 215 J Diry Sci 8:8753-8763 Conclusions MLV reproductive vccines hve the potentil to dversely ffect reproduction Evidence for dverse effects of MLV in wellvccinted herds is uilding Responses my differ mong herds Proper heifer pre-conditioning helps mitigte these effects Modified Live - Better cell-medited immunity Killed Vccines - Better ntiody-medited immunity Annul KV oosters = protection ginst disese Before chnging progrms: get veterinry input Disese prevention needs differ mong herds Questions? 217 RBCS, Cheyenne, Wyo. 7