Trawl Gear description (fish & shrimp)

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Transcription:

Trawl Gear description (fish & shrimp) INSERT INSTRUCTOR Name http://www.safmc.net http://www.whboat.com Joël Prado - FAO/FIIT

Introduction Fish & invertebrates Bottom (demersal) and midwater (pelagic) http://www.ilvo.vlaanderen.be http://www.seafish.org

Introduction Fish & invertebrates Bottom (demersal) and midwater (pelagic) ~ 50% global catch Watson et al. 2004

http://research.usm.maine.edu/ Introduction Fish & invertebrates Bottom (demersal) and midwater (pelagic) 50% global catch Active Cone-shaped net http://www.montereybayaquarium.org

Introduction Fish & invertebrates Bottom (demersal) and midwater (pelagic) 50% global catch Active using cone-shaped net Small & large vessels http://www.crenvironmental.com/noaatrawl.htm NOAA Fisheries

Introduction - Impacts Bycatch Juvenile fish in shrimp trawl Protected species Bottom habitat Shrimp fishing bycatch (Madagascar) http://www.ird.fr/ Before (top) & after (bottom) trawling. FAO 2005

Objectives Describe how trawl gear works List 4 components of a trawl and describe 2 pieces of specialized equipment Demonstrate ability to complete the gear description form

Sampling Priorities 1. Collect information on fishing effort 2. Randomly sample catch for catch composition 3. Record gear characteristics 4. Collect length-frequency data on target and non-target catch

Trawl configurations Varies by target & fish behavior Beam trawl /otter trawl / pair trawl

Trawl configurations Varies by target & fish behavior Beam trawl /otter trawl / pair trawl http://www.scotland.gov.uk/ http://www.qc.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/ Griffiths: http://www.sanctuarysimon.org/

Trawl configurations Varies by target & fish behavior Beam trawl /otter trawl (animation from http://www.dantrawl.com) / pair trawl http://www.crimond.com/bison.htm http://www.liv.ac.uk/

Trawl configurations Varies by target & fish behavior Beam trawl/otter trawl/ pair trawl(2 vessels) http://www.nfrdi.re.kr http://news.bbc.co.uk Photos: http://www.boatdesign.net/forums/open-discussion/beam-trawl-query-17413.html

Trawl configurations Images modified from FAO (2001b),Lokkeborg (2005) and http://www.crimond.com

Trawl configurations Confusing terminology (#1) Pair trawl 2 vessels http://www.nfrdi.re.kr Twin trawl 2 nets http://www.crimond.com/ Duplex (separator) trawl 2 codends http://www.crimond.com/

Trawl configurations Confusing terminology (#2) Beam trawler vessels which deploy nets from abeam; also outrigger trawler or winch boat Beam trawl type of net Beam trawler with beam trawls; http://www.ilvo.vlaanderen.be

Net components (Manual Fig.6-2)

Net components (Manual Fig.6-3) Headline Sack

Net configuration Trawl door Dummy door Bottom leg Top leg Tickler chain Footrope TED (hard grid) Fisheye BRD Floats Guide line Headrope / headline Elephant ears Lazy line Tie off rings

Gear Deployment & Retrieval Video - retrieving NOAA Fisheries

Bycatch reduction Bycatch reduction device (BRD) Junk fish excluder (JTED) Turtle excluder device (TED) http://www.gbrmpa.gov.au NOAA Fisheries

Bycatch reduction Bycatch reduction device (BRD) Junk fish excluder (JTED) Fish eye (http://www.seagrantfish.lsu.edu) Square mesh window (FAO) Radial escape section (http://www.seagrantfish.lsu.edu) Square mesh codend (http://bayjournal. com.au) NOAA Fisheries

Bycatch reduction Bycatch reduction device (BRD) Junk fish excluder (JTED) Turtle excluder (TED video) w http://www.euroturtle.org Photo: Mike Gerner, AFMA NOAA Fisheries

Bycatch reduction

Trawl sensors http://www.notus.ca/

1

Gear Description - Finfish X

http://www.net-sys.com/ http://www.crimond.com/ http://dnr.louisiana.gov/ www.morgere.fr/

Gear Description - Finfish

Gear Description - Finfish Headline

Gear Description - Finfish http://www.cosmostrawl.dk http://www.eurorock-belgium.com

Gear Description - Finfish

Courtesy of S. Sei, Sierra Leone) Stretched Mesh Opening - Diamond Mesh http://www.fao.org/

Gear Description - Finfish

Gear Description - Finfish

Gear Description - Finfish x Fish eye (http://www.seagrantfish.lsu.edu) Images from Eayrs (2007)

Gear Description - Finfish x Images from Eayrs (2007) Radial Escape Section(http://www.seagrantfish.lsu.edu)

Gear Description - Finfish X Images from Eayrs (2007)

Gear Description - Shrimp

Gear Description - Shrimp

Gear Description - Shrimp

Gear Description - Shrimp Grid angle

Activity Handout Groups of 2 or 3 20 minutes *use mini net in front of room for your codend mesh size. Record your measurements and average mesh size calculation.

FS345 LIB 9997 7 x x 1 x Crimond nova demersal 2.4 2.0 1000 4.03 1.2 chain 3. 5 1.2 chain 4.2 1.2 chain 6 20 wire cable 7.2 15 wire cable 6 15 wire cable

Height = 2 m Length = 2.4 m

Gear Description - Finfish 400 25 steel cable 52 20 nylon 18 60 22 weighted synthetic 11 60 Dyneema 65 10 chain (sttel) 100kg

Gear Description - Finfish 8 25 rubber 15 15 10 rubber 32 Polyethelene 3.5 15.0 25 100 Polyethelene 3.5 12.0 30 65 Polyethelene 3.5 8.25 W 110 76 x x

Summary Can you name the trawl configurations below Beam trawl / otter trawl / pair trawl

Summary 3 2 1 1 3 4 4

Summary Describe how trawl gear works

References Eayrs, S. 2007. A Guide to Bycatch Reduction in Tropical Shrimp-Trawl Fisheries. Revised edition. Rome, FAO. 108 p. Kelleher, K. 2005. Discards in the world's marine fisheries: An update. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper, FAO, Rome. Watson, R., E. Hoshino, J. Beblow, C. Revenga, Y. Kura, and A. Kitchingman. 2004. Fishing Gear Associated With Global Marine Catches. Fisheries Centre Research Reports 12.

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