Legislative ID# 160111A Request of Zika Emergency Response Funding Peter Jiang, Ph.D. Entomologist Mosquito Control Services 405 NW 39 th Ave, Gainesville Florida Tel: 352-393-8287 Email: Jiangy1@cityofgainesville.org Gainesville is the largest city in the region of North Central Florida and the home of the University of Florida as well as the Santa Fe College. The University of Florida is ranked as the nation's ninth largest university with 51,725 enrollment, plus a total of 15,887 students at the Santa Fe College, making Gainesville home to a significant transient population and one that frequently travels to arbovirus endemic areas abroad. Thus, Gainesville is at great risk of introduction and outbreak of dengue, chikungunya and Zika viruses. The Gainesville Mosquito Control program (GMC) is a city funded mosquito control program that provides mosquito control services for the citizens of Gainesville. Even though GMC is not a State-approved mosquito control program, it carries the same duties as other mosquito control programs: To protect Floridians health and safety and foster the quality of life from pestiferous and disease-carrying mosquitoes without the State funding. GMC uses Integrated Mosquito Management (IMM) approach - a combination of breeding site reduction, biological, chemical and physical control methods and citizen education to maintain targeted species of mosquitoes at acceptable levels. GMC performs regularly scheduled inspections (with treatment if warranted) in over 450 identified mosquito breeding sites, monitors mosquito populations by using CDC light traps to gauge daily mosquito control operations, provides mosquito fish to meet the needs of citizens, and conducts larval control by applying larvicides. GMC also uses ground-level, ultra-low volume (ULV) fogging when large numbers of adult mosquitoes are present in our area, and when source reduction or biological control or larviciding is inadequate. All of GMC employees are licensed with Public Health Pest Control (PHPC) licenses. Alachua County has had four confirmed travel-related cases of Zika infection and more than 31 suspected cases so far. With more than 50% of the county population living within the city of Gainesville, GMC plays a key role in terms of fighting for the Zika infections in Alachua County. So far GMC has, at the request and in coordination with the Department of Health (DOH)-Alachua, investigated and responded to a number of suspected and confirmed cases of Zika infection with limited resources. Furthermore, as mosquito season is under the way, mosquito control staff will be more focused on routine mosquito control operations such as responding to citizen s service requests and conducting larvicide and adulticide missions. GMC
is in urgent need for extra funding to hire additional personnel to ensure adequate response during the upcoming mosquito season. GMC s CDC light trap collection indicates that Aedes albopictus is the only container mosquito species in Gainesville. However, the re-emerging of Aedes aegypti in St. Johns and Duval Counties is a wakeup call for us. GMC is planning to enhance our surveillance program by adding BG sentinel traps into our routine trapping system so that the detailed distribution of Ae. albopictus and Ae. aegypti in the County level can be determined. Aedes albopictus hot spots will be identified. Currently GMC has 4 BG traps being used for Zika case response. We want to employ additional BG traps into our 16 trapping zones. GMC is also planning to expand our ovitrap program from current 2 locations to 16 locations/zones (GMC started monitoring Ae. albopictus population by using ovitraps last year, we successfully detected the seasonality of oviposition and egg hatching rate of Ae. albopictus in Gainesville). The results were reported at The 13 th Anastacia Mosquito Control District s (AMCD) Workshop (Please the attached AMCD2016 PowerPoint presentation). Last year, GMC conducted a field study to evaluate the efficacy of ULV truck spray against caged Ae. aegypti. Results indicated that ground ULV spray had poor control of this species; the average mortality ranged from 2 to 45% 24-hour post treatment (Please see the attached AMCA.Jiang presentation). However, in a separate study, an excellent control was yielded by using backpack sprayer to treat the natural population of adult Ae. albopictus. Also, the number of eggs was reduced significantly (Please see the attached Duet presentation at the Florida Mosquito Control Association (FMCA)). GMC decided to incorporate this control strategy into our Zika emergency response plan and to expand this study by testing different adulticides and backpacks. Because backpack control lasts only for 1-3 days, GMC wants to incorporate larval control strategy by adding thermal fogger application to achieve a long term control of Ae. albopictus; as reported by Dr. James Cilek, Navy Entomology Center of Excellence. Detailed budget for the emergency response for Zika: Personnel: Two full time equivalent temporary positions. These positions will be responsible for the BG and ovitraps setup, retrieving, data collection. The two also are in charge of field larval collection as well as bring the eggs and larvae back to the lab to rear to adult for ID. The two are required to conduct public education and outreach regularly, door to door inspection and clean up in the case of Zika cases. Equipment: IGEBA TF-34 Thermal fogger: Larvicide application 10 BG traps, batteries and chargers: Aedes albopictus and Ae. aegypti surveillance Eaton Brother green fluted plastic vases: ovitraps Germination paper: Used to collect Aedes egg in the field HOBO water proof shuttle thermometers: Will be used to record field weather data
Curtis Dyna-Fog Twister XL3: Backpack sprayer for adulticide application IPad: will be used for field data collection Chemicals: Vectobac WDG: Larvicide for thermal fogger application Naturlar DT: Larvicide for small container control Duet: Adulticide Miscellaneous: Lab supplies, computer supplies, bottles, BG lures, dry ice
Legislative ID# 160111C Gainesville Mosquito Control Peter Jiang, Ph.D. Entomologist Gainesville Mosquito Control Services
Which is more dangerous?
Mosquito-Borne Diseases Rising Malaria Yellow fever Dengue 1800s 1900s Malaria Yellow fever Dengue Dog Heartworm Eastern Equine Encephalitis St. Louis Encephalitis Japanese Encephalitis Venezuelan Equine Encep. LaCrosse Encephalitis Western Equine Encep. 2000s Malaria Yellow fever Dengue Dog Heartworm Eastern Equine Encephalitis St. Louis Encephalitis Japanese Encephalitis Venezuelan Equine Encep. LaCrosse Encephalitis Western Equine Encephalitis West Nile Virus Chikungunya Zika virus
Surveillance All control is governed by survey results indicating a specific need Spray operations should NEVER be scheduled on a recurring basis! Average # Mosquitoes/per night/trap 500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 5/21 5/28 6/4 6/11 6/18 6/25 7/2 7/9 7/16 7/23 7/30 8/6 8/13 8/20 8/27 9/3 9/10 9/17
Cq. perturbans Cx. erraticus Average number of mosquitoes/per trap/h 30.0 25.0 20.0 15.0 10.0 5.0 0.0 SS-1 SS SS+1 SS+2 SS+3 SS+4 SS+5 SS+6 SS+7 SS+8 SR Overall host-seeking patterns of Cq. perturbans and Cx. erraticus. SS, sunset, 20.43 h; SR, sunrise, 6.39 h. Time (h)
Zika Mosquitoes- Container breeder
Questions?
#160111D Zika Virus Update Florida Department of Health (DOH) Paul D. Myers, MS Administrator 2016 FDOH-Alachua 1
Zika Virus Flavivirus: Testing has potential for cross-reactivity with other flaviviruses Originally identified in Africa and Southeast Asia First identified in Uganda s Zika Forest in 1947 Transmission Mosquito Aedes aegypti, possibly Aedes albopictus Transmission in the womb and at the time of birth Sexual (3 documented to date) Transfusion cases (2 recently documented) Lab exposures Detected in breast milk, saliva, and urine but no documented transmission Outbreaks since 2007 2
Zika Fever Distribution 3 Courtesy of CDC.
Zika Fever Distribution 4 As of April 18, 2016, courtesy of CDC.
5 Courtesy of PAHO.
Zika Virus Link to Microcephaly? 6 http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/birthdefects/microcephaly.html
Zika Fever Symptoms Incubation period: 2-14 days 1 in 5 people infected will become symptomatic Few hospitalizations Most common signs and symptoms Fever (often low-grade) Muscle ache Rash Headache Joint pain Pain behind the eyes Red eyes Vomiting 7
General Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus Distribution 8 Courtesy of FDACS
Alachua County Surveillance Network Citizen Complaints Physicians Veterinarians Retention Basin Assessments Sentinel Chicken Flocks Mosquito Traps Dead Bird reporting City of Gainesville Mosquito Control 9
Alachua County Mosquito Surveillance
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Mosquitoes
15 Alachua County Vulnerable Pop.
DOH-Alachua Response Activities Response similar to dengue/chikungunya During interview Complete travel history Avoid mosquito bites while ill Highlight prevention methods Inform local mosquito control officials of suspect cases Inform Arbovirus Surveillance Coordinator on suspicion of locally acquired cases Provide public information on disease, transmission, prevention, protective actions 16
Mosquito Bite Prevention DRAIN water from any containers where water has collected. CLOTHING: If you must be outside when mosquitoes are active, cover up. Wear shoes, socks, long pants, and long sleeves. REPELLENT: Apply mosquito repellent to bare skin and clothing. Always use repellents according to the label. Repellents with DEET, picaridin, oil of lemon eucalyptus, para-menthane-diol, and IR3535 are effective. Use netting to protect children younger than 2 months. 17 See: Mosquito Bite Protection in Florida www.floridahealth.gov/zika
Status To date no cases of locally acquired Zika have been reported As of June 24: 180 Zika fever cases (travel-associated)acquired outside the US reported in 24 counties in Florida. (6-23-16 FDOH) 4 Zika fever cases (travel-associated) Alachua County cases acquired outside continental US (6-24-16 FDOH) 35 persons tested in Alachua County (6/24/16 FDOH) 18
Paul Myers Paul.Myers@flhealth.gov (352) 334-8873 More Information Nadia Kovacevich Nadia.Kovacevich@flhealth.gov (352) 225-4181 19
Legislative ID# 160111B Budget Effort/Time percentage allocated to Zika Salaries 2 Full Time Equivalent Positions $89,000 100% Fringe Benefits (5.4%) $4,050 100% Equipment IGEBA TF-34 Thermal Fogger $2,149 10 BG Sentinel Traps, 10 batteries, 10 battery chargers $2,500 Eaton Brothers green fluted pastic vases (5 cases) $150 Germination paper (5 cases) $360 HOBO Water Proof Shuttle thermometer (5) $1,245 Curtis Dyna-Fog Twister XL3 $2,250 Ipads (2) (Field data recording) $1,200 Chemicals Vectobac WDG (Larvicide) $1,200 Naturlar DT (2 cases) (Larvicide) $3,215 Duet (drum) (Adulticide) $11,943 Miscellaneous $1,500 Lab suplies, computer supplies, bottles, BG lures, dry ice mailing containers Total $120,762