Rabies surveillance in Japan Akitoyo HOTTA, PhD, DVM Satoshi INOUE, PhD, DVM - To warrant rabies-free country- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare Japan By a courtesy, this presentation included the literature and images of the rabies research team in NIID, data and the information from the tuberculosis and infectious disease control division of MHLW, and the other related collaborators. Follow up workshop on relevant international standards for dog rabies 17-19 May 2016 Bangkok, Thailand
Rabies-free country, Japan The last indigenous case Human(1956) Dog (1956) Cat (1957) Imported case 1970: A man bitten by dog in Nepal 2006: Two men bitten by dogs in Philippines Indigenous case has not been reported for almost 60 years.
Report of Rabid Ferret-badgers in Chinese Taipei 2013 July 25 Thu WHO recommends to develop rabies surveillance system even in Rabies-free countries.
The Guideline for Rabies, 2001 How to confirm the suspected cases. The Guideline for Rabies, 2013 How to take countermeasures in the outbreak. The Guideline for Animal Rabies Survey, 2014 How to monitor rabies in (wild) animals for warrant of rabies-free.
Visual and practical training for Dissection and Diagnosis of rabid-dogs
A. The educational materials for Experts 4 years old, boy Bitten by rabid-dog, left ear, did not PEP, Onset after 25 days, Dead after 5 days in onset, 1950 Visual enrightment!
B. The learning of rabid-dogs for the experts (DVD) 1950
Collaboration with QSMI, Thai red cross
The Guideline for Animal Rabies Survey Target Animals Dog: rabies suspected case (Clinical & Epidemiological Info.) Wild animals 1 st priority: Raccoon Raccoon dog Red fox Small Indian mongoose 2 nd priority: Badger Masked Palm Civet Siberian Weasel Marten 3 rd priority: Bat Raccoon Mongoose Red fox Raccoon dog
Build-up: Report System of Rabies Medical Hospital Veterinary Hospital Wild Animals Diagnosis Collaboration with Environment, Cleaning, Road service Deps. etc. Local government Necropsy & Laboratory test(s) Public health center Institute for health Public health center Institute for health Municipal animal control facility National government Conformational tests National Institute of Infectious Diseases
Laboratory Network for Diagnosis of Rabies Municipal animal control facilities Reference center (RC) for rabies tests Yamagata pref. Kyoto pref. Hiroshima pref. Tokyo pref. Aichi pref. Tokushima pref. Conduct workshops about brain sampling and rabies test. Supply dissection equipment to each participated local government. Explain what is biosafty level 2 facility and how to prevent biohazard. Nagasaki pref. RCs & other Institute of Public Health with NIID Store and check the quality of Posi. control. Evaluation of SOP and Diagnostics. Report to NIID and national government.
Rabies surveillance 2014 in Japan 74 animals were tested by 11 local governments Animal species No. Dog 57 Mongoose 6 Raccoon dog 4 Cat 4 Bat 2 Raccoon 1 All 74 animals were Rabies Negative!
Keys for Strengthening Rabies Control Laboratory network Evaluation of diagnostics Sharing of practical experiences Sustainable survey on rabies is also important in Japan. In this regards, the cooperative rabies research through the laboratory network in Asia should be enhanced.
OIE/JTF Project for Controlling Zoonoses in Asia Launched, Dec 2013
OIE/JTF Project for Controlling Zoonoses in Asia Project period; 2013 2018 (5 years) Goal & objectives To reduce the impact of outbreaks of zoonotic diseases in the region To strengthen capacity of Veterinary Services and enhance collaboration between Veterinary Services and Public Health Sector of member countries in Asia for prevention and control zoonoses Components Assessment of HPAI Control Measures Preparedness to Zoonotic Influenza Strengthening Rabies Control Activities Expert group meeting, training, workshop/seminars, field works, research/analyses/dissemination etc.
OIE/JTF Project for Controlling Zoonoses in Asia Activities on Rabies Regional Training on Rabies Tokyo-Yokohama, Japan, 5-8 August 2014 (for EA & SA) Understanding the OIE standards on rabies Hands-on training on rabies diagnosis Information sharing on rabies situation and control policies
OIE/JTF Project for Controlling Zoonoses in Asia Activities on Rabies Regional Rabies meetings Regional Rabies Scientific Conference in China, Wuhan, Apr 2015 Workshop on Rabies in SAARC countries, Colombo, Aug 2015 (for SAARC members)
OIE/JTF Project for Controlling Zoonoses in Asia Activities on One Health Regional Tripartite Collaboration 6 th Asia-Pacific Workshop on Multi-Sectoral Collaboration for the Prevention and Control of Zoonoses, Oct 2015
OIE/JTF Project for Controlling Zoonoses in Asia Future Plan Workshop on International Standards for Dog Rabies, May 2016, Bangkok, Thailand Supporting sample collection & surveillance on dog rabies (TBC)