Japan. J. Med. Sci. Biol. 19, 51-57, 1966 *ON A NEW TAPEWORM, VAMPIROLEPIS ISENSIS, FOUND IN BATS WITH THE TABLE OF THE MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF TAPEWORMS IN VAMPIROLEPIS ISAMU SAWADA Biological Laboratory, Nara Gakugei University, Nara, Japan (Received: December 22nd, 1965) Vampirolepis isensis n. sp. isolated from the bats, Rhinolophus cornutus and R. ferrumequinicm, in Mie Prefecture is described. A list of bat tapeworms reported from various districts of the world and a table of the morphological features of tapeworms in Vampirolepis are given. INTRODUCTION Except Hymenolepis bacillaris in Nyctalus maximus aviator reported by Yamashita and Mori (1953), no tapeworms have been described from Japanese bats. Up to the present, the bat tapeworms reported from various districts of the world amount to 20 species (Table 1.). On July 23, 1965, the author collected 98 Rhinolopus cornutus in a cave at the foot of Mt. Shurei in the suburbs of Ise City, Mie Prefecture and on October 30, 1965, 5 Rhinolophus ferrumequinum. Of the former 98 bats, 7 bats were infected with 1 to 4 tapeworms, and of the latter 5 bats, one with a tapeworm. Vampirolepis isensis n. sp. Host : Rhinolophus cornutus and Rhinolophus ferrumequinus. Habitat : Small intestine. Locality and Date : Ise City, Mie Prefecture ; July 23 and October 30, 1965. Description : External Anatomy : Total length of the present specimens 60-75 mm, maximum width 1.2-2.1 mm, margins serrate. Mature proglottides average 0.48 mm width by 0.08 mm length. Genital pores unilateral, located anterior to the middle of proglottides. Scolex 0.158-0.266 mm wide, slightly wider than neck region. Suckers relatively large, round, unarmed and 0.07-0.088 mm in diameter. Rostellar sac 0.140-0.175 mm long and 0.088-0.098 mm wide. Rostellum 0.07-0.105 mm in diameter ; distal end armed with a single row of 22-25 hooklets, each measuring 0.032 mm in length. Internal Anatomy : (From stained whole mounts). Testes 0.055-0.069 mm wide and 0.029-0.041 mm long, with one poral and two antiporal in position ; arranged in a transverse row. External seminal vesicle about 0.07-0.077 mm long and 0.032 mm wide ; * This study was supported by a Grant in Aid for Scientific Research. Ministry of Education.
52 SA WADA Vol. 19 Table 1. List of species recorded from chiroptera extending beyond longitudinal excretory canal. Internal seminal vesicle 0.035-0.042 mm long and 0.052-0.060 mm wide. Cirrus pouch 0.035-0.039 mm long and 0.014-0.018 mm wide. Ovary 0.098-0.101 mm long and 0.049-0.053 mm wide, located between poral and antiporal testes. Vitelline gland directly posterior to ovary ; about 0.028 mm by 0.042 mm. Seminal receptacle 0.070-0.077 mm long and 0.053-0.056 mm wide, located just anterior to poral testis. Eggs 0.035-0.039 mm in diameter, surrounded by 4 envelopes, the outermost one of which pretty thick, but the rest very thin. Onchospheres spherical, 0.021-0.028 mm in diameter and embryonic hooklet about 0.011-0.014 mm in length. Disccusion : According to the morphology of the present species examined by the author, it belongs to genus Vampirolepis of the family Hymenolepidinae. The tape-
1966 A NEW TAPE WORM VAMPIROLEPIS ISENSIS 53 worms belonging to the genus Vampirolepis amount to 26 species (Table 2). In comparing the present specimen with the other species of the genus Vampirolepis, it more closely resembles Vampirolepis maclandi (Joyeux et Bear, 1937) found from Crocidura stampflii than V, kerivoulae (Hiibscher, 1937) from Kerivoula picta, V. longior (Baylis, 1922) from rats and V, stefanski (Zarnowski, 1954) from Sorex cinereus cinereus in the number and length of the rostellar hooklets. However, it distinctly differs from V. maclandi in the shape of rostellar hooklet (Figure 2) and the length of strobila. Thanks are due to Mr. Yanase, Biological Laboratory, Osaka Gakugei University, for his valuable suggestion which aided in the collection of the bats. REFERENCES HUBSCHER, H. (1937) : Notes helminthologiques. Rev. suisse Zool., 44 459-482. HUGHES, R. C. (1940) : The genus Hymenolepis Weinlandia, 1858. Oklahoma Agr. Exp. Sta. Teck. Bull,, 8, 1-42. HUGHES, R. C. (1941) : A key to the species of tapeworms in Hymenolepis. Trans. Am. Micr. Soc. 60, 377-414. JOYEUX, C. AND BAER, J. G. (1928) : Cestodes. In Joyeux, Gendre, and Baer, Recherches sur les Helminthes de l'afrique occidentale francaise. Coll. Soc. Exotique. Paris. MACY, R. W. AND RAUSCH, R. L. (1946) : Morphology of a new species of bat cestode, Hymenolepis roudabushi, and a note on Hymenolepis christensoni Macy. Trans. Am. Micr. Soc., 65, 173-175. SKARBILORICH, T. S. (1946) : Helminth fauna of bats in Russia. Gel'mint. Shorn. 40-Let. Deiatel nost. Skriabin. 235-244. YAMAGUCHI, S. (1955) : Systema Helminthum. Vol. 11. The cestodes of vertebrates. New York. YAMASHITA, J. AND MORI, H. (1953) : On some species of the endoparasites of bats, Nyctalus maximus aviator Thomas. Mem. Fac. Agr. Hokkaido Uni. 1, 499-503. ZARNOWSKI, E. (1954) : A new tapeworm Hymenolepis stefanski sp. n. from the intestine of the common shrew, Sorex araneus. Acta Parasit. Polon. 1, 313-328.
54 SA WADA Vol. 19 Table 2. Dimensions of species of Vampirolepis
1966 A NEW TAPEWORM VAMPIROLEPIS ISENSIS 55 * See the table 1 for hosts and localities of these species ~ Original description not seen. (All measurement in mm.).
Explanation 1. Scolex 2. in Scolex ed of with drawn Vol. SA WADA 56 rostellum the with scolex Abbreviation Figures completely rostellum completely ( ~280). 3. Rostellar 4. Immature 5. Onchosphere 6. Mature hooks ( ~1000). proglottides ( ~1000). proglottides. with ( ~325). ( ~45). extend- 19 used in Figure cp : cirrus pouch evs : external seminal vesicle gp : genital pore ivs : internal seminal vesicleo : overty sr : seminal receptacle t : testisv : vagina vg : vitelline gland
1966 A NEW TAPE WORM VAMPIROLEPIS ISENSIS 57 7. Rostellar hooks of species of Vampirolepis. Scale of magnification not uniform. Hook shape of V, chiropterophila, hamanni and skjabinariana unknown.