( - ) ( ) % 88.0 19 %15.75 Oxyuris equi % 1.58 Strongylus spp..% 42.10 / 0.05.% 10.52 Parascaris equorum Parascaris equorum % 100 14 Strongylus spp. % 99.42 Oxyuris equi.gastrophilus nasalis Therapeutic efficacy of a mixture of ivermectin and closantel against gastrointestinal parasites in draft horses Abstract M. K. Aldelami and B. A. Albadrani Department of Internal and Preventative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq Examination of 19 fecal samples showed positive results for nematodes. It was classified as a single and mixed infestation 58.0% and 42.1% respectively. The percentages of infestation with Strongylus spp, Oxyuris equi and Parascaris equorum were 1.58%, 15.75%, 10.52% respectively. Administration of a single dose of mixture of ivermectin and closantel (0.05 ml/kg body weight) revealed a significant reduction in average egg count in feces of the treated horses with both single and mixed infection. Efficacy of mixture of ivermectin and closantel for was 100% in removing eggs of the Parascaris equorm and Oxyuris equi and 99.42% for Strongylus spp at 14 days post-treatment. The preparation was also effective in removing larvae of Gastrophilus nasalis. Available online at http://www.vetmedmosul.org/ijvs ) (.( ) / IVERTEL closantel Ivermectin " ٣٧
( - ).( ) 28 2 MacMaster 5 : / ).( ) (50 X 2 EDTA ( ) 28 20 /.( ) 11) ( 8) (. / 0.05. 28 21 14 7 0. McMaster : (معدل أعداد البيوض في اليوم صفر"قبل العلاج" معدل أعداد البيوض "بعد العلاج") 100 X معدل أعداد البيوض في اليوم صفر"قبل العلاج" Paired Students' t test., ) % Strongylus Oxyuris equi Strongylus.( ) westrei Salicylinide Fasciola hepatica Trematodes.( ) Fasciola gigantica Gastrophilus S. S. vulgaris nasalis ( ) ( ) S. edentatus vulgaris Strongylus 100 L4 %.( ) / 8 ( ). 0 (500 200) (8 1.5). 0 ) ( ).( ) ٣٨
( - ) :. 58.0 47.4 41.1 21.5 15.8 10. 5 10.5 6.5 26. 15.8 11 9 8 4 2 2 7 5 % 95 % %. %. % 98.62 Oxyuris equi Parascaris equorum % 98.88 % 100 Strongylus spp. % 95.02 100 % 99.42.( ) % 19 8 (% 58.0) 11. (% 42.1) equi Oxyuris(% 1.58) Strongylus 10.5) Parascaris equorum (%15.8).(% Strongylus Strongylus equi Oxyuris Parascaris equorum Gastrophilus westrei % 10.5 nasalis ( 11). ).(1.( 28) 4 7 5. (P<0.05) ( ). 14 7.( ). 14 7 ٣٩
( - ) Strongylus spp 0.60 ( 100/ ) 11.70. 1.27 ( 100/ ) 9.80 7.12 / 6 10 x 6.05 0.80 / 6 10 x 0.71 0.7 / 6 10 x 6.2 Strongylus spp 0.28 / 6 10 x 5.82.Oxyuris equi 2.05 / 10 x 11.5 1.2 / 10 x 7.58 Strongylus spp 1.9 / 10 x 1.40 1.71 / 10 x 7.00.Oxyuris equi ( / ).1 45.00 Oxyuris equi. 4.11 ( / ) 92.50.( ).( ) : ( /, ) /. 28 21 14 7 0 77.77 * 52 20 10 211* 9 4642 92 4642 109 ).( ( ) *.(P<0.05).Strongylus spp (P<0.05) / : 28 21 14 7 0 0* 0* 27. * 26* 4754 90. 2 248 Strongylus spp. (% 100) (% 100) (% 99.4) (% 95.0) % 150.0* 10900 0* 0* 0* Parascaris 212 2404 % equorum (% 100) (% 100) (% 100) (% 98.62) 0* 0* 0* 60.00* 580.0 14.16 1565.88 Oxyuris equi (% 100) (% 100) (% 100) (% 98.88) %.(P<0.05) ( ) * ٤٠
( - ). Parascaris Strongylus spp. Oxyuris equi equorum 109.97 92.19 4642.85 / 64.. / Strongylus spp. % 100 Strongylus spp..( ) Parascaris Strongylus spp..() % 100 Oxyuris equi equorum.( ) ( ).. 1. Adams HR. Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 8 th ed. Iowa State Press, A Blackwell publish Company 2001: 986 987. 2. Hutchens DE, Paul AJ, Dipietro JA. Treatment and control of gastrointestinal parasites. Vet Clin North Am.: Equine Pract. 1999. 15: 561 57. ( ) ( ).(). Strongylus Oxyuris equi Parascaris equorum spp. Oxyuris ( ) equi ( ).( ) Strongylus spp..( ).( ) 4 ( ) ٤١
( - ) 11. Coles. E. H. Veterinary clinical pathology. 4 th ed., WB Saunders Co Philadelphia, London, Toronto.; 1986. 92 110 P.. :,.,. 1. Urquhar GM, Armour J, Duncan JL, Dunn AM, Jennings FW. Veterinary parasitology. 2 nd ed., Blackwell Co.;1996. 57 59 P. 14. Jordan HE, Ewing SA. Concepts of gastrointestinal parasitism and strategies for desiging corrective/control programs. In: Anderson, N. V. Veterinary gastroenterology. Lea & Febiger Philadelphia, Bailliere Tindall, London,;1980. 26 276 P. 15. Love S. Treatment and prevention of intestinal parasite-associated disease. Vet Clin Equine. 200.19: 791 806. 16. Karns PA, Luther DG. Asurvey of adverse effects associated with ivermectin use in louisiana horses. AM J Vet Med Assoc.1984.185: 782 78. 17. Costa AJ, Moraes FR, Acuna AH, Rocha UF, Soares VE, Paullilo AC, Sanches A. Comparative efficacy evaluation of moxidectin gel and ivermectin paste against internal parasites of equines in Brazil. Vet Parasitol..1998. 80: 29 6. 18. Klei TR, French DD. Small strongyles: an emerging parasite problem for horses. In Practice, Equine Practice. 1998.20: 20 21..., :.( )... Khan FA. Comparative Anthelmintic Activity of Strategic Sustained Low Level Administration of Albendazole in Feed Pellets Compared to Single Dose of Closantel and Tetramisole Against Natural Ovine Parasitic Gastroenteritis. Trop Anim Health Prod. 1999.1: 19 204. 4. Guerrero J, Michael BF, Rohovsky MW, Campbell BP. The activity of closantel as an equine antiparasitic agent. Vet Parasitol. 198.12: 71-7. 5. Radostits OM, Gay CC, Blood DC, Hinchcliff KW. Veterinary medicine: A text book of the diseases of cattle, sheep, pigs, goats & horses. 9 th ed. WB Saunders Co.; 2000. 7 1 P. 6. Guerrero J, Newcomb K, Seibert BP, Michael BF. Activity of closantel in the prevention of Gasterophilus and Strongylus vulgaris larval infections in equine foals and yearlings. Am J Vet Res. 1985 46: 8 16..,,.. /. :,..,..( )..., : 9. Soulsby EJL. Helminths, arthropods and protozoa of domesticated aminals 7 th ed., Philadelphia, Bailliere Tindall, London; 1982. 10 15 P. 10. Abdel-Rahman MS, El-Bahry MM, El-Bahry NM, Ramadhan E I. Testing a new formulation of ivermectin (Ivomec pouron and bolus) as broad spectrum prasiticide. Vet Med J Giza.1996. 44: 67 656.. ٤٢