ROACHES (แมลงสาบ) # Active and nocturnal insects # Produce a characteristic offensive adour (scent gland) # Discharge feces & vomit along the way # Potential mechanical vectors of pathogens 1
Class Insecta Order Dictyoptera Family Blattidae Size > 1.5 cm - Periplaneta americana - Periplaneta brunnea - Periplaneta australasiae - Blatta orientalis - Neostylopyga rhombifolia Family Blattallidae Size 1.5 cm - Blattella germanica - Supella longipalpa 2
Adult Morphology Head Pronotum Shape : oval Dorsoventrally flattened Small head hidden under pronotum - long segmented antennae - Chewing mouthparts - 2 pairs of wings: tegmina & membranous - 3 pairs of legs with claws - 2 prominent segmented cerci - only male: a pair of styli Cerci Dorsal view Ventral view Styli Head 3
Life cycle (Incomplete metamorphosis: Hemimetabolous) Adult Eggs (Ootheca) ~ 1-3 m. Nymph 3 Nymph 2 Nymph 1 (6-12 Nymphal stages) 4
Periplaneta americana & Periplaneta brunnea Very large size (35-40 mm long) Chestnut brown in color Pronotum: yellowish brown with a dark brown interior Long wings ( ) Cerci P. americana P. brunnea Differentiation P. americana : P. brunnea 5
Periplaneta australasiae a pale yellow strip Large size (27-33mm long) Reddish brown in color Fore wings: a pale yellow strip Pronotum: yellow ring with dark central & dark margin Board and long wings 6
Blatta orientalis (Oriental cockroach) Medium size (20-27mm long) Dark brown to black in color Wings : Short wings (2/3 abdomen) Rudimentary triangular wing pads 7
Neostylopyga rhombifolia (Harlequin cockroach) Medium size (25-30 mm long) Body: dark brown with yellow patches Wings: rudimentary triangular wing pads 8
Blattella germanica Small size (12-16 mm long) Pale yellow-brown in color Pronotum: 2 longitudinal dark bands Long wings warm, humid areas 9
Supella longipalpa (Brown-banded cockroach) Small size (10-14 mm long) Pale yellow-brown in color Pronotum: dark brown disk with pale color at lateral abdomen & fore wings: 2 dark brown transverse bands Wings : (long), (short) very long antenna 10
Medical importance # Mechanical vectors Bacteria Helminth Protozoa Fungus Virus # Intermediate hosts of helminths Hymenolepis diminuta Moniliformis moniliformis # Allergy 11
Prevention & control # Environmental control : House hygiene # Mechanical control : Mechanical trap or sticky material # Chemical control : Insecticides 12
# Active and nocturnal insects # Feed on plants and small invertebrates : Agricultural importance # Feed on blood of vertebrates : Medical importance # Potential vectors of parasites 13
Classification Class Insecta Order Hemiptera Family Cimicidae Genus Cimex Cimex lecturalius Cimex hemipterus Family Reduviidae Subfamily Triatominae Genus Triatoma Panstrongylus Rhodnius 14
Adult morphology 4-7 mm oval in shape Dorsoventrally flattened Short, broad head 2 compound eyes A pair of four segmented antennae Proboscis: piercing-sucking type Yellowish or reddish brown in color 15
Adult morphology (cont.) large & curved Prothorax Prothorax nonfunctional wings 3 pairs of legs (+claws) Stink gland End of abdomen (8): - Male: pointed Penis Dorsal view - Female: rounded 4 th abdomen Opening to organ of Berlese Ventral view 16
Life cycle (Incomplete metamorphosis: Hemimetabolous) ~1 mm. Adult Eggs Nymph 5 Nymph 4 Nymph 3 (5 Nymphal stages) Nymph 2 Nymph 1 17
Medical importance # Not transmits any diseases # Biting Sleeping disturbance Dermatitis 18
Prevention & Control # Environmental control : House hygiene notice the black spots excreted from bed bugs # Chemical control : Insecticides spray on the habitat of bugs:- mattress, wooded bed, floor fractures Thigmotactic behavior 19
Reduviid bugs (มวนเพชรฆาต) - Common name Kissing bugs Assassin bugs Cone-nosed bugs - Distribution Mainly in Southern America Latin America & 20
Morphology Size: 1-4 cm long Colorful bands on :- - pronotum - basal part of forewings - lateral margins of abdomen Head : narrow, elongate Antenna Head Pronotum 2 compound eyes 2 pair of wings * Fore wings: hemielytra Connexivum Fore wing (basal: thicken,leathery / distal: membranous) * Hind wings: membranous Dorsal view 21
Lateral view Antenna Antenna Proboscis Feeding position Proboscis Resting position - 1 pair of 4-segmented antennae - Proboscis: piercing-sucking type 22
Life cycle (Incomplete metamorphosis: Hemimetabolous) Adult Eggs (barrel shape) Nymph 5 Nymph 4 Nymph 3 Nymph 2 Nymph 1 (5 Nymphal stages) 23
Prevention & Control # Environmental control : House improvement # Chemical control : Insecticide residual spray # Biological control : Ants & Wasp 24