(MELES MELES L.) : (477.8) [4, 15]. [1, 13, 14, 17]., [1]. [4, 10]. 1%, , 17 (2005): ,., 2005

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, 17 (2005): 42 49.,., 2005 599.742.4 : 591.531.3 (477.8) (MELES MELES L.), (Meles meles L.)..,.. ' -., 52 47. -,. :,,,,. :,. 4,., 79005,. E-mail: zoomus@franko.lviv.ua. Feeding of the badger (Meles meles L.) on the territory of the Western Ukraine. I. Dykyy, O. Dyka. Analysis of the feeding of the badger on the territory of the Western Ukraine was made on the basis of recent five-year observations. Such timberlands are of high protective characteristics with various and constant forage base that includes 52 species of animals and 47 species of plants in Western Ukraine. The species can easily change feeding objects due to euryphagy, and trophic factor does not influence substantially on the status and dynamics of population. Key words: badger, feeding, invertebrates, vertebrates, plants, Western Ukraine. Address: Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 4 Hrushevsky Str., UA 79005, Lviv, Ukraine. E-mail: zoomus@franko.lviv.ua.. -. - 50, [1, 13, 14, 17].,. -,. -, -. -., ( -, ), - [4, 10].,, -,. - 1%, -. - - [4, 15]. -,. - 30 40-. -, -. [2]. [9]. 60-.. [5, 6]., -. 60-. [1].. [3].,.,. -,. [11]. Sci. Bull. Uzhgorod Univ. (Ser. Biol.), 2005. Vol. 17 42

.. 38, 18 -.,. [1] - - 39, 23. -,,,. 1997 2002.. - -. - - 20 30.. 10 15 ( 10 125 ), [4]. - [8]., -,, -. 184 (47 137 ).., -. -, - (,, ), [4, 7].,, 50 55 10 2 (, ). -, -, -. 206 -, 10 12. - 50 (,. )., 8,3% -. [1, 4]. - -. -. -. -, -,, -, [4, 15]. -, -,, -.,, -..... [4], - 13. -,, -, -, 15 18. -,, 7 8. - 52 47., 59,9% 40,1%. - 39,8% (27 ), 37,1%. - 25 ( 15, - 3, 4, 2 1). - (Muridae, Arvicolidae) (. 1). (Sorex minutus L., S. raneus L.), -., - (Vulpes vulpes L.), (Felis catus L.), (Sus scrofa L.) (Capreolus capreolus L.). - (Phasianus colchicus L.). (Rana temporaria L.) (Triturus cristatus L.),. - Sci. Bull. Uzhgorod Univ. (Ser. Biol.), 2005. Vol. 17 43

(Pelobates fuscus Laur.), -,, -,,. [4].. [1], -. - -., ( 50.).,.. 1 43,3%, 41,4%. (Geotrupes sp.) (Mellolontha mellolontha L.). (Carabidae). (Cynips quercusfolii L.). - -,., -. - (.. 1). ( -,,.), (Pinus sylvestris L.), (Corylus avellana L.) (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.),. (Polytrichum sp.) (Blechnum spicant (L.) Roth.). -.. -.. (R. temporaria L.) (R. arvalis Nilsson). -,. (Emys orbicularis L.)., 2001. (.) -. 24 -.. -, (Soricidae) (. 1).. 16,1 20,2 17,8 31,7 36,5 44,6 44,7 41,4 39,2 43,3 37,6 39,2 1 0,5 3,5 1,6 6,4 7,4 7,8 10,8 15,1 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50. 1., (%). Sci. Bull. Uzhgorod Univ. (Ser. Biol.), 2005. Vol. 17 44

1. (%). ' 1968, 1954 1956 184 39 39? Vertebrata 20,1 30,7 Mammalia 8,3 30,7 30,7 Erinaceus concolor Martin, 1838 0,5 Sorex minutus Linnaeus, 1766 1,1 Sorex araneus Linnaeus, 1758 0,5 Muridae ( ) 1,1 5,1 Sylvaemus tauricus (Melchior, 1834) 5,4 Sylvaemus sylvaticus (Linnaeus,1758) 4,3 Sylvaemus uralensis Pallas,1811 3,3 Arvicola amphibius (Linnaeus, 1758) 0,5 Rattus norvegicus (Berkenhout, 1769) 0,5 Arvicolidae Myodes glareolus (Schreber, 1780) 4,9 Terricola subterraneus (Selys-Longchamps, 1836) 2,7 Microtus arvalis (Pallas, 1779) 2,2 25,6 25,6 Canidae (juv.) Vulpes vulpes (Linnaeus, 1758 ) 2,2 Felidae ( ) Felis catus Linnaeus, 1758 0,5 Cerviformes [Artiodactyla] ( ) Sus scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 0,5 ( ) Capreolus capreolus (Linnaeus, 1758) 1,1 Aves 3,7 ( ) Passeriformes 0,5 ( ) 1,1 ( ) Turdidae 0,5 Turdus philomelos C. L. Brehm, 1831 1,1 Galliformes Phasianus colchicus Linnaeus, 1758 0,5 Reptilia 3,5 Testudines () Emys orbicularis Linnaeus, 1758 13 Squamata Natrix natrix Linnaeus, 1758 0,5 Amphibia 7,1 15,4 Ecaudata 15,4 Rana temporaria Linnaeus, 1758 9,8 Rana arvalis Nilsson, 1842 12,5 Bufo bufo Linnaeus, 1758 1,1 ( ) 3,8 Caudata Triturus cristatus Laurenti, 1786 0,5 Pisces 0,3 Cypriniformes Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758 1,1 Invertebrata 39,8 82 Annelida 2,2 Oligocheta Lumbricidae 7,1 ' Hirudinea 1,6 Sci. Bull. Uzhgorod Univ. (Ser. Biol.), 2005. Vol. 17 45

1968, 1954 1956 Mollusca 0,3 2,5 Gastropoda Helix pomatia Linnaeus, 1758 0,5 Arion sp. 0,5 Insecta 37,1 61,5 61,5 Coleoptera 81,5 61,5 ( ) Coleoptera 8,2 28,1 + ( ) Coleoptera 5,4 ( ) Cerambicidae 1,1 ( ) Carabidae 0,5 12,9 12,9 + Carabus violaceus Linnaeus, 1758 2,7 Carabus cancellatus Illiger, 1798 1,1 Carabus linnei Panzer, 1812 1,1 Pterostichus pilosus Host, 1789 1,6 ( ) Curculionidae 0,5 ( ) Scarabaeidae 0,5 Geotrupes sp. 10,9 + Coprinae 5,1 Cetonia aurata Linnaeus, 1758 0,5 2,5 2,5 + Mellolontha mellolontha Linnaeus, 1758 47,3 Mellolontha hippocastani F. 12,9 12,9 Hymenoptera 54,3 ( ) Bombus sp. 9,8 (, ) Vespidae 40,2 Cynipidae () Cynips quercusfolii Linnaeus, 1758 4,3 (, ) Diptera 1,6 ( ) Odonata 0,5 ( ) Lepidoptera 5,4 ( ) 2,2 Arachnida 0,2 Acarina 0,5 Plantae 40,1 89,5 89,5 Bryophyta 0,8 + Polytrichum sp. 3,3 Pteridophyta 0,6 Blechnum spicant (L.) Roth. 0,5 ( ) Pteridophyta 1,6 Gymnospermae 2,1 () Picea abies (L.) Karst. 1,6 (,, ) Pinus sylvestris L. 6,5 Angiospermae 36,6 ( ) Carpinus betulus L. 1,6 (, ) Betula verrucosa Ehrh. 1,6 ( ) Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. 3,8 ( ) Quercus robur L. 4,3 + (, ) Fagus sylatica L. 15,2 + Sorbus aucuparia L. 0,5 Pyrus communis L. 6 Malus sylvestris Mill. 3,3 Cerasus avium (L.) Moench. 1,6 Prunus domestica L. 0,5 15,4 15,4 Sci. Bull. Uzhgorod Univ. (Ser. Biol.), 2005. Vol. 17 46

1968, 1954 1956 Prunus divaricata Ledeb. 28,8 ( ) Acer platanoides L. 0,5 ( ) Salix sp. 1,1 (, ) Corylus avellana L. 6 2,5 2,5 Padus racemosa (Lam.) Gilib. 1,6 Rubus caesius L. 4,9 Prunus spinosa L. 2,7 10,2 10,2 Rosa canina L. 1,6 2,5 2,5 Euonymus verrucosa L. 1,6 12,9 12,9 Sambucus nigra L. 3,8 ( ) 1,6 Vaccinium myrtillus L. 2,2 (, ) Poaceae 7,1 87 Zea mays L. 2,7 + () Galanthus nivalis L. 2,7 () rocus heuffelianus Herbert 8,7 ( ) Cyperaceae 1,6 Cucurbita pepo L. 0,5 Cirsium sp. + Capsella bursa pastoris (L.) 2,5 2,5 ( ) Ranunculus sp. + Onobrychis viciifolia Scop. 9,9 7,7 ' ' (, ) Dentaria quinquefolia Bieb. + ( ) Luzula sylvatica (Huds.) Gaudin + + Mercurialis perennis L. 61,4 () Gagea lutea (L.) Ker. Gawl. + ( ) Lamium album L. 7,7 7,7 ( ) 7,1 49 15,2 ( ) 1,1 ( ) 1,6 Fungi Boletus sp. 5,1 5,1 44,6%. - (Cerasus avium (L.) Moench.), (Prunus domestica L.), (Prunus divaricata Ledeb.), (Vaccinium myrtillus L.), (Sambucus nigra L.), (Euonymus verrucosa L.), (Poaceae). (Pyrus communis L.) (Malus sylvestris Mill.)., (Bombus sp.), - (Lepidoptera). - (Lumbricidae), (Hirudinea) (Helix pomatia L., Arion sp.). - 7,4%., (Sylvaemus tauricus Melchior) - (Myodes glareolus Schreber). - 6,4%, Bufonidae, (Bufo bufo L.).. Turdidae, (. 1). - (Galliformes). - -., - (.. 1). -., -. -, (Zea mays L.), (Cucurbita pepo L.). - (Fagus sylatica L.), (Rubus caesius L.), (Prunus spinosa L.), (Sorbus aucu- Sci. Bull. Uzhgorod Univ. (Ser. Biol.), 2005. Vol. 17 47

paria L.), (Rosa canina L.), - (. 1). -., 39,2%. (Vespidae), -. -., (Sylvaemus sylvaticus L.) (S. uralensis Pall.) (Microtus arvalis Pall.). (Arvicola amphibius L.) (Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout). -,. -, (Cyprinus carpio L.)... [1], -., -,.. 2, 85,3 %, -. - ( (Natrix natrix L.)) 19,4% ( ) 5,4%, -. 14,7%. 14,7 13,6 20,6 28,7 31,2 0 20 40 37,7 41,7 56,6 55,2. 2., (%). 60 41,7%.,,, (Galanthus nivalis L.),., - - 58,3%. (Geotrupes sp.) Scarabeidae,, - (Apidae, Vespidae). (Diptera),,. 10,4%. - 8,3%., 1%. - -. 50 % (.. 2). - ( rocus heuffelianus Herbert), -.,,, (. 1).. -. - 44,8%. 27,6%. - Carabus i Pterostichus, (Curculionidae) (Cerambicidae). - (Carabus violaceus L.) - (Cetonia aurata L.)., - - [1, 11]. 6,8 % 5,9%.,, -,., - - 10- - 1 (200 ), 365 [12]. - Lumbricidae 7,1%. (Oryctolagus cuniculus), (Olea europea) [16].,,.,. Sci. Bull. Uzhgorod Univ. (Ser. Biol.), 2005. Vol. 17 48

, : ( ), ( ),, ( ), -. -,,. 1. 4. 52 47., - 2. -.. 5., 3., - -.. 1.... //. 1,. 3.., 1968. 312. 2... (M. meles tauricus) //.. 1940. 19, 3.. 499 509. 3... -, - :.... : 097 /.. -..., 1971. 21. 4.... -..:, 1967. 80. 5...,.. - //.. -... 1964. 6.. 121 124. 6...,.. //. 1965. 4.. 13 14. 7...,.. - //...:., 1985.. 227 228. 8..., - :.... : 097 /.. -..., 1955. 14. 9... -, // -. -. 1940.. 2.. 228 250. 10...,,. :, 1995. 191. 11.....: -, 1956. 188. 12. Brown C. A. J. Prey abundance of the European Badger (Meles meles L.), in north-east Scotland // Mammalia. 1983. 47. P. 81 86. 13. G bczy ska Z., Raczy ski J. Drapie niki doliny Biebrzy (3). Borsuk // owiec Polski. 2002. 2. S. 16 18. 14. Goszczy ski J. Borsuki (2) owcy ma ych ofiar // owiec Polski. 2000. 4, (1847) S. 15. 15. Pigozzi G. Frugivory and seed dispersal by the european badger in a mediterranean habitat // J. Mammal. 1992. Vol. 73, 3. P. 630 639. 16. Revilla E., Palomares F. Does local feeding specialization exist in Eurasian badgers? // Can. J. Zool. 2002. Vol. 80. P. 83 93. 17. Sumi ski P. Borsuk. Warszawa: PWRiL Warszawa, 1989. 128 p. : 19 2005. : 25 2005. Sci. Bull. Uzhgorod Univ. (Ser. Biol.), 2005. Vol. 17 49