Trends en voorkomen van resistenties bij Salmonella, Campylobacter en E. coli geïsoleerd uit de voeding Cristina Garcia-Graells, Nadine Botteldoorn, Katelijne Dierick NRL AMR Food Pathogens - AMCRA 30/06/2017
Antibiotic resistance surveillance at FP Scientific Service Foodborne Pathogens N. Botteldoorn NRL antimicrobial resistance N. Botteldoorn & C.Garcia-Graells Samples/year Matrix Enumeration of ESBL E. coli (till 2015) Detection of β- lactamase producing E.coli ~ 100 samples ~ 300 samples poultry Veal, beef, pork, fish, poultry from 2015 E. coli strains for confirmation and identification of ESBL class
Antibiotic resistance surveillance at FP Isolates/year Salmonella Campylobacter ~ 450 ~ 700 Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance transmitted by food MIC (EUCAST) breakpoints ESBL phenotype and genotypes determined Accredited ISO 17025 Reported to EFSA ESBL E.coli ~ 300 Harmonisation of the methodologies at European level Antimicrobieel agens C. jejuni Tetracycline 1 Nalidixinezuur 16 Ciprofloxacine 0.5 Erythromycine 4 Gentamicine 2 Streptomycine 4 Interpretatie breekpunten voor R>(mg/l) Antimicrobieel agens ECOFF (R> mg/l)* E. coli ECOFF (R> mg/l)* Salmonella Ampicilline 8 8 Cefotaxime 0.25 0.5 Ceftazidime 0.5 2 Meropenem 0.125 0.125 Nalidixinezuur 16 16 Ciprofloxacine 0.064 0.064 Tetracycline 8 8 Colistine 2 2 Gentamicine 2 2 Trimethoprim 2 2 Sulfamethoxazol 64 256** Chlooramfenicol 16 16 Azitromycine 16** 16** Tigecycline 1 1 OD-Communicable and infectious diseases
% R Campylobacter 2016 Number of strains received N=670 ID with Maldi-Tof Matrices: broiler carcasses (54%) Spent hens (19.18%), Poultry meat (22.11%) Results of the MIC cj (n=370) Campylobacter jejuni 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 56.49 55.68 46.49 2.43 2.16 1.08 CIP NAL TET ERY STR GEN Antimicrobiens Trend : Co-Resistance CipNalTet stay very high C.jejuni specific clone Level of resistance found for the different antibiotics tested in C. jejuni isolated for poultry meat (n=370)
Study of the resistance Human-animal-food : one health https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/interacti ve_pages/amr_report_2015
%R Salmonella_2016 (I) Salmonella Food o Matrices: porc carcasses (45% d isolats), carcasses of spent hens (22%), meat preparation (9.25%), other (fish, crustacés) o MIC réalisés n= 227 AB Sulfaméthoxazole 256 cut-off (R>) n % Ampicilline 8 76 33.48 Tétracycline 8 68 29.96 Ciprofloxacine 0.064 51 22.47 Triméthoprime 2 47 20.70 Acide Nalidixique 16 42 18.50 Tigécycline 1 18 7.93 Chloramphenicol 16 17 7.49 Azithromycine 16 11 4.85 Colistine 2 8 3.52 Céfotaxime 0.5 5 2.20 Gentamicine 2 3 1.32 Ceftazidime 2 2 0.88 Méropénème 0.125 0 0.00 100 90 80 High Moderate 70 60 50 40 39,21 33,48 29,96 30 20 22,47 20,70 18,50 10 0 89 7,93 7,49 4,85 3,52 2,20 1,32 0,88 0,00 SMX AMP TET CIP TMP NAL TGC CHL AZI COL FOT GEN TAZ MERO 39.21 Antimicrobiens Low R aux FQ (n=51): + 3 th gen. cephalosporins (4/51, 3%) + Colistine (2/51, 3.9%) + Tigécycline (7/51, 13.72%) 1 isolate R at all antibiotics tested except méropénème (IEC 016, Vietnam) AmpAziFotTazChlCipColGenNalSmxTetTigTmp % R to the antibiotics tested in Salmonella spp. (n=227)
%R Salmonella EU-AMR (broiler carcasses) 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Very high High modérate low 56,82 56,82 54,55 26,70 22,73 17,05 8,52 3,41 2,84 2,84 2,27 1,70 1,70 1,14 SMX CIP NAL TMP AMP TET AZI FOT COL TGC TAZ CHL MERO GEN Antimicrobiens Resistance par serovar
Salmonella EU-AMR (broiler carcasses) Comparison between 2014-2016 Multi resistance n % Pas de résistance 51 28.98 R à 1 14 7.95 R à 2 36 20.45 R à 3 41 23.30 R à 4 22 12.50 R à 5 10 5.68 R à 6 2 1.14 Total 176 42.62% MDR Serovar related : more S. Infantis isolated
Salmonella ESBL 2016 11 Salmonella isolates detected with R to cefotaxime or ceftazidime Those strains were confirmed by running the second panel and classified according the EFSA criteria E U A M R F O O D Matrix/serovar/phenotype n Broiler carcasses 7 Auto-Agglutinable 2 AmpC 1 ESBL 1 Infantis 2 AmpC 1 ESBL+AmpC 1 Paratyphi B Var L (+) Tartrate + 3 AmpC 1 ESBL+AmpC 2 Porc carcasses 1 Subspi I autre phénotype Frog legs 1 Saintpaul ESBL+AmpC Poultry meat 2 Paratyphi B Var L (+) Tartrate + ESBL ESBL+AmpC Total 11 The different ESBL phenotypes detected in 2016
Indicator organisms : β-lactamase producing E. coli ESBL Enumeration of E. coli ESBL on poultry carcasses
Results E. coli ESBL 2016 From now on a detection is performed in 25g of the food sample Nr of food Samples ESBL + (25 g) % Poultry 279 194 69.53 Bovine 300 19 6.33 Porc 300 42 14.00 Fish 71 1 1.41 Crustacea 50 2 4.00 ESBL phenotype found in poultry
β-lactamase producing E. coli : trend in poultry 2016 vs 2015 2015 2016 2015 n=193 2016 n=188
Thanks for your attention