Small Animal Oncology

Small Animal Oncology

Small Animal Oncology Joanna Morris Formerly of Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge Veterinary School and Jane Dobson Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge Veterinary School

2001 Blackwell Science Ltd Editorial Offices: Osney Mead, Oxford OX2 0EL 25 John Street, London WC1N 2BS 23 Ainslie Place, Edinburgh EH3 6AJ 350 Main Street, Malden MA 02148 5018, USA 54 University Street, Carlton Victoria 3053, Australia 10, rue Casimir Delagne 75006 Paris, France Other Editorial Offices: Blackwell Wissenschafts-Verlag GmbH Kurfürstendamm 57 10707 Berlin, Germany Blackwell Science KK MG Kodenmacho Building 7 10 Kodenmacho Nihombashi Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104, Japan Iowa State University Press A Blackwell Science Company 2121 S. State Avenue Ames, Iowa 50014-8300, USA The right of the Authors to be identified as the Authors of this Work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher. First published 2001 Set in 9.5 on 11.5 pt Times by Best-set Typesetter Ltd., Hong Kong Printed and bound in Great Britain at the Alder Press Ltd, Oxford and Northampton distributors Marston Book Serces Ltd PO Box 269 Abingdon Oxon OX14 4YN (Orders: Tel: 01235 465500 Fax: 01235 465555) USA and Canada Iowa State University Press A Blackwell Science Company 2121 S. State Avenue Ames, Iowa 50014-8300 (Orders: Tel: 800-862-6657 Fax: 515-292-3348 Web www.isupress.com email:orders@isupress.com) Australia Blackwell Science Pty Ltd 54 University Street Carlton, Victoria 3053 (Orders: Tel: 03 9347 0300 Fax: 03 9347 5001) A catalogue record for this title is available from the British Library ISBN 0-632-05282-1 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Morris, Joanna. Small animal oncology/joanna Morris and Jane Dobson. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references (p.). ISNB 0-632-05282-1 (pb) 1. Dogs Diseases. 2. Cats Diseases. 3. Veterinary oncology. I. Dobson, Jane M. II. Title. SF992.C35 M65 2000 636.089 6992 dc21 00-058599 For further information on Blackwell Science, sit our website: www.blackwell-science.com The Blackwell Science logo is a trade mark of Blackwell Science Ltd, registered at the United Kingdom Trade Marks Registry

Contents Acknowledgements Disclaimer Introduction 1 1. Pathogenesis and Tumour Biology 4 2. Diagnosis and Staging 15 3. Treatment Options 31 4. Skin 50 5. Soft Tissues 69 6. Skeletal System 78 7. Head and Neck 94 8. Gastro-intestinal Tract 125 9. Respiratory Tract 144 10. Urinary Tract 154 11. Genital Tract 166 12. Mammary Gland 184 13. Nervous System 192 14. Endocrine System 204 15. Haematopoietic System 228 16. The Eye and Orbit 252 17. Miscellaneous Tumours 262 Appendices 279 I General Reading List 279 II Actions, Indications and Toxicity of Cytotoxic Agents used in Veterinary Practice 280 III Bodyweight: Surface Area Conversions 284 IV Protocols for Administration of Doxorubicin and Cisplatin 285 V Glossary of Drugs and Dosages Included in Text 286 Index 292 Please note: the plate section falls between pp. 162 and 163 v

Acknowledgements The authors gratefully acknowledge the help and support of friends, families and colleagues in the writing and production of this book. In particular we would like to thank Dad Bostock, Phil Nicholls, Elizabeth Villiers, Kathleen Tennant, Andy Jefferies, Mike Herrtage, Malcolm Brearley, Ruth Dennis, Dick White and the Radiology Department, Queens Veterinary School Hospital, Cambridge, for contributing many of the pictures used to illustrate the text. We should also acknowledge the artistic skills of John Fuller who was responsible for the original line drawings reproduced in this book. We are also grateful to Dr Dana Anderson for her help in reading the text and adce on surgical matters, Malcolm Brearley for his help with Chapter 13, Nervous System, Dr Dad Williams, Chapter 16, on the eye, and Mike Herrtage, Chapter 14, Endocrine System. DISCLAIMER The authors have made every effort to ensure that therapeutic recommendations particularly concerning drug selection and dosage set out in the text are in accord with current recommendations and practice. However, in ew of ongoing research, changes in government regulations and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the drug manufacturer s instructions for any added warnings and precautions. The cytotoxic drugs detailed in this book are not licensed for veterinary use. All of these agents are potentially hazardous to the patient and to persons handling or administering them. Veterinary surgeons who prescribe such drugs to patients in their care must assume responsibility for their use and safe handling. Veterinary surgeons who are not familiar with the use of cytotoxic agents should seek further information and adce from a veterinary oncologist.